高级英语期末考试试卷及答案A卷
2020-2021大学《高级英语》(二)期末课程考试试卷A(含答案)
2020-2021《高级英语》（二）期末课程考试试卷A考试班级: 考试日期：；试卷所需时间：120分钟闭卷，试卷总分：100分Part One Grammar &Vocabulary (30%)Directions : There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1. __________to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.A. OrientationB. AccessC. ProcessionD. V oyage2. You don’t have to install this radio in your new car, it’s an____________ extra.A .excessive B. optional C. additional D. arbitrary3. Her long illness was gradually _____________Charlotte’s strength.A. tappingB. lappingC. sappingD. napping4. As the offender ______________his crime ,he was dealt with leniently.A. admitB. confessC. commitD. transmit5. It is well known that knowledge is the __________ condition for expansion of mind.A. incompatibleB. incredibleC. indefiniteD. indispensable6. He spoke so_____________ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A. bluntlyB. convincinglyC. emphaticallyD. determinedly7. France’s ___________of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.A. assumptionB. consumptionC. presumptionD. resumption8.The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October,__________ an outburst of interest.A. flaredB. glitteredC. sparkedD. flashed9.I am not____________with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A. concernedB. compatibleC. considerateD. complied10.At first, the____________ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A. transactionB. transmissionC. transformationD. transition11.The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest___________ to everyone.A. speculationB. attributionC. utilizationD. proposition12. __________ boys in pink shirts hanging about on Washday after school.A. SecretB. SlyC. FurtiveD. Cunning13. If the work done ____________we could pay well.A. discreetlyB. carelesslyC. internationallyD. sepulchrally14. We were tortured in the outback by the ____________ Austrian fly.A. co-existingB. ubiquitousC. appreciativeD. favorable15. The newspapers were extremely __________about him. A. sluggish B. astound C. succumb D. scathing16. The president statements were ______________ by all parties.A. contaminatedB. denouncedC. flirtedD. concealed17. Chemical plants in the vicinity __________more than half the national’s soda ash for industry.A . turned to B. turned out C. turned downed D. turned in18. Please do not be ________ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.A. disregardedB. distortedC. irritatedD. intervened19. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals____________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.A. relieveB. releaseC. dismissD. discard20. Without the friction between their feet and the ground, people would ____________be able to walk.A. in no timeB. by all meansC. in no wayD. on any account21. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping ____________to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.A. occasionallyB. simultaneouslyC. eventuallyD. promptly22. One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the U.S. is that theyhave taken great ______________to educate their children.A. effortsB. painsC. attemptsD. endeavours23.If any man here does not agree with me, he should ______________his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.A. put onB. put outC. put inD. put forward24. Your improper words will give ___________to doubts concerning your true intentions.A. riseB. reasonC. suspicionD. impulse25.The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made ______________.A. on the spotB. on the siteC. on the locationD. on the ground26. Too much ______________ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.A. disclosureB. exhibitionC. contactD. exposure27. When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _____________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.A. dimB. blankC. faintD. vain28. When travelling, you are advised to take travelers’checks, which provide a secure _______________ to carrying your money in cash.A. substituteB. selection C preference D. alternative29. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her ______________attitude toward customers.A. impartialB. mildC. hostileD. opposing30. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December25th___________the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor ofPart Two Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits .They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bill. They are tax-deductible. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.31. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______ .A. still judge a man by his clothesB. hold the uniforms in such high regardC. enjoy having a professional identity.D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform32.People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform________.A. suggests quality workB. discards his social identityC. appears to be more practicalD. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes33. The chief function of a uniform is to _________ .A. provide practical benefits to the wearerB. make the wearer catch the public eyeC. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfD. provide the wearer with a professional identity34. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms________ .A. are usually helpfulB. have little or no individual freedomC. tend to lose their individualityD. enjoy greater popularity35. The best title for this passage would be ________ .A Uniforms and SocietyB. The Importance of Wearing a UniformC. Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD. Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsPassage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.You don’t need every word to understand the meaning of what you read. In fact, too much emphasis on individual words both slows your speed and reduces your comprehension. You will be given the chance to prove this to yourself, but meanwhile, let us look at the implications.First, any habit which slows down your silent reading to the speed at which you speak, or read aloud, is inefficient. If you point to each word as you read, or more your head, or form the words with your lips, you read poorly. Less obvious habits also hold back reading efficiency. ONE is “Saying” each word silently by moving your tongue or throat or vocal cords; another is “hearing” each word as you read.These are habits which should have been outgrown long ago. The beginning reader is learning how letters can make words, how written words are pronounced, and how sentences are put together. Your reading purpose is quite different; it is to understand meaning.It has been estimated that up to 75% of the words in English sentences are not really necessary for conveying the meaning. The secret of silent reading is to seek out those key words and phrases which carry the thought, and to pay less attention to words which exist only for the sake of grammatical completeness.An efficient reader can grasp the meaning from a page at least twice as fast as he can read the passage aloud. Unconsciously perhaps, he takes in a whole phrase or thought unit at a time. If he “says”or “hears”words to himself. They are selected ones, said for emphasis.36. This passage is mainly about_________.A. improving eye movementsB. reading more widelyC. eliminating poor reading habitsD. concentrating while reading37. Saying each word to yourself as you read__________.A. improves comprehensionB. increases reading speedC. prevents regression (退步)D. hinders reading efficiency38. Your reading purpose should be___________.A. to understand all the wordsB. to make fewer eye movementsC. to understand meaningD. to understand the grammatical structures39. It has been estimated that up to 75% of words in English sentences are ________.A. grammatically unnecessaryB. essential to the meaningC. not absolutely essential to grasp of meaningD. regressed more than once by poor readers40. Efficient readers usually__________.A. move their heads quicklyB. take in whole phrases at a timeC. point at key wordsD. miss some important points for speedPassage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Back in 1922, Thomas Edison predicted that “the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational system and...in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks.” Well, we all make mistakes. But at least Edison did not squander vast quantities of public money on installing cinema screens in schools around the country.With computers, the story has been different. Many governments have packed them into schools, convinced that their presence would improve the pace and efficiency of learning. Large numbers of studies, some more academically respectable than others, have purported to show that computers help children to learn. Now, however, a study that compares classes with computers against similar classes without them casts doubt on that view.In the current Economic Journal, Joshua Angrist of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Victor Lavy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem look at a scheme which put computers into many of Israel’s primary and middle schools in the mid-1990s. Dr Angrist and Dr Lavy compare the test scores for maths and Hebrew achieved by children in the fourth and eighth grades (i.e, aged about nine and 13) in schools with and without computers. They also asked the classes’ teachers how they used various teaching materials, such as Xeroxed worksheets and, of course, computer programs. The researchers found that the Israeli scheme had much less effect on teaching methods in middle schools than in elementary schools. It also found no evidence that the use of computers improved children’s test scores. In fact, it found the reverse. In the case of the maths scores of fourth-graders, there was a consistently negative relationship between computer use and test scores.The authors offer three possible explanations of why this might be. First, the introduction of computers into classrooms might have gobbled up cash that would otherwise have paid for other aspects of education. But that is unlikely in this case since the money for the programme came from the national lottery, and the study found no significant change in teaching resources, methods or training in schools that acquired computers through the scheme.A second possibility is that the transition to using computers in instruction takes time to have an effect. Maybe, say the authors, but the schools surveyed had been using the scheme’s computers for a full school year. That was enough for the new computers to have had a large (and apparently malign) influence on fourth-grade maths scores. The third explanation is the simplest: that the use of computers in teaching is no better (and perhaps worse) than other teaching methods.The bottom line, says Dr Angrist, is that “the costs are clear-cut and the benefits are murky.”The burden of proof now lies with the promoters of classroom computers. And the only reliable way to make their case is, surely, to conduct a proper study, with children randomly allocated to teachers who use computers and teachers who use other methods, including the cheapest of all: chalk and talk.41. We can learn from the first paragraph that ____________.A. motion picture has revolutionized education systemB. Edison’s prediction has been proved wrongC. Edison encouraged schools to install cinema screensD. schools are cautious about Edison’s idea42. Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy have done the following except ____________.A. comparing the test scores of students in different age groupsB. interviewing teachers about their teaching methodsC. launching the computer program in many Israeli schoolsD. explaining students’ school pe rformance43. According to Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy, in the Israeli scheme, students didn’t make improvement in their test scores because____________.A. other aspects of education were affected due to cash shortageB. it was not long enough for the program to take effectC. there was a negative relationship between computer use and test scoresD. the use of computer was no better than other teaching methods44. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____________.A. there hasn’t been a proper st udy on this issue yetB. school authorities should provide proof to support the computer programC. installing computers in schools costs too much, but has little or no effectD. chalk and talk work better than computer in teaching45. The author’s attit ude towards governments’ packing computers in schools seems to be _____________.A. biasedB. indifferentC. disapprovingD. puzzlingPassage FourQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Ours has become a society of employees. A hundred years or so ago only one out of every five Americans at work was employed, i. e., worked for somebody else. Today only one out of five is not employed but working for himself. And when fifty years ago “being employed” meant working as a factory labourer or as a farmhand, the employee of today is increasingly a middle-class person with a substantial formal education, holding a professional or management job requiring intellectual and technical skills. Indeed, two things have characterized American society during these last fifty years: middle-class and upper- class employees have been the fastest- growing groups in our working population- growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of the Industrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the ex- pans/on of industrial production.Yet you will fine little if anything written on what it is to be an employee. You can find a great deal of very dubious advice on how to get a job or how to get a promotion. You can also find a good deal of work in a chosen field, whether it be the mechanist’s trade or bookkeeping (簿记). Every one of these trades requires different skills, sets different standards, and requires a different preparation. Yet they all have employeeship in common. And increasingly, especially in the large business or in government, employeeship is more important to success than the special professional knowledge or skill. Certainly more people fail because they do not know the requirements of being an employee than because they do not adequately possess the skills of their trade; the higher you climb the ladder, the more you get into administrative or executive work, the greater the emphasis on ability to work within the organization rather than on technical abilities or professional knowledge46. It is implied that fifty years ago__________.A. eighty percent of American working people were employed in factoriesB. twenty percent of American intellectuals were employeesC. the percentage of intellectuals in the total work force was almost the same as thatof industrial workersD. the percentage of intellectuals working as employees was not so large as that ofindustrial workers47. According to the passage, with the development of modern industry,___________.A. factory labourers will overtake intellectual employees in numberB. there are as many middle -class employees as factory labourersC. employers have attached great importance to factory labourersD. the proportion of factory labourers in the total employee population has decreased48. The word “dubious” (L. 2, Para. 2) most probably means__________.A. valuableB. usefulC. doubtfulD. helpful49. According to the writer, professional knowledge or skill is__________.A. less important than awareness of being a good employeeB. as important as the ability to deal with public relationsC. more important than employer-employee relationsD. as important as the ability to co-operate with others in the organization50. From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one__________.A. to be more successful in his careerB. to be more specialized in his fieldC. to solve technical problemsD. to develop his professional skillPart Three TranslationTranslate the following sentences into Chinese (30%)51. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.52. The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no onehas any idea it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.53. Most of all, he hates himself, because he sees his life passing by, without making anysense beyond the momentary intoxication of success.54. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.55. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism and what theyconsidered to be the cultural boobery of our society.56. To be or not to be, it’s a question.57. I was supposed to make a connecting flight when we landed in New Jersey.68. The western tip of the island is blessed with a string of superb beaches.59. He didn’t even bother to say thank-you to us.60.The children laughed at the shiny head of that bald man.Part Four Writing (20%)Mandarin, or putonghua, is the standard service sector language in China. However lately some employees of a metropolis subway company start using dialects to cater to the requirements of people from different areas in order to render better service. Opponents see the countering effects of such movement to the national policy of promoting mandarin across China. Write in 200 words your opinion and support your argument and bring your essay to a natural conclusion.2020-2021《高级英语》（二）期末课程考试试卷A答案Part One Grammar &Vocabulary (30%)1-5 BBCBD 6-10BDCBB 11-15 ACABD 16-20BBCBC 21-25 ABDAA26-30 DBDCDPart Two Reading Comprehension(20%)31-35 BCDAC 36-40 BCDBB41-45 BCDACPart Three Translation1. 为维护自由，使其长存不灭，我们将会不惜付出任何代价，肩负任何重担，迎战一切困难，援助一切朋友，反击一切敌人。
英语高中期末考试题及答案
英语高中期末考试题及答案一、听力部分（共20分）A. 对话理解（每题1分，共5分）1. What does the man want to do?a) Borrow a bookb) Return a bookc) Buy a bookd) Sell a bookAnswer: a) Borrow a book2. When does the woman plan to leave?a) At 8:00 amb) At 9:00 amc) At 10:00 amd) At 11:00 amAnswer: c) At 10:00 am3. What is the relationship between the two speakers?a) Teacher and studentb) Doctor and patientc) Boss and employeed) FriendsAnswer: d) Friends4. Why is the man upset?a) He lost his walletb) He missed the busc) He failed the examd) He broke his phoneAnswer: b) He missed the bus5. What is the weather like today?a) Sunnyb) Rainyc) Snowyd) CloudyAnswer: a) SunnyB. 短文理解（每题2分，共15分）6. What is the main topic of the passage?a) The history of the cityb) The development of technologyc) The importance of educationd) The impact of climate changeAnswer: c) The importance of education7. According to the passage, what is the most significant challenge facing students today?a) Financial issuesb) Academic pressurec) Social mediad) Environmental concernsAnswer: b) Academic pressure8. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem mentioned in question 7?a) Reducing class sizesb) Providing more scholarshipsc) Encouraging extracurricular activitiesd) Implementing more effective study methodsAnswer: d) Implementing more effective study methods9-10. [Omitted for brevity]二、阅读理解（共30分）A. 阅读理解选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. What is the main idea of the text?a) [Answer: a) The main idea is... (Provide the correct answer)]2-5. [Omitted for brevity]B. 阅读理解填空题（每题3分，共20分）6. According to the text, the first step to achieving success is _______.[Answer: perseverance]7. The author believes that _______ is the key to happiness. [Answer: kindness]8-10. [Omitted for brevity]三、完形填空（共20分）1. The young man was _______ to find his lost dog.a) delightedb) surprisedc) disappointedd) annoyedAnswer: b) surprised2-20. [Omitted for brevity]四、语法填空（共10分）1. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. [Answer: rains]2-10. [Omitted for brevity]五、翻译（共10分）1. 他不仅是一位伟大的科学家，还是一位杰出的作家。
2019-2020年高三上学期期末考试 英语(A)含答案
2019-2020年高三上学期期末考试英语（A）含答案本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。
满分为150分。
考试用时为120分钟。
第I卷（共105分）注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试卷上。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。
注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。
听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5部分）听下面3段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the woman do next？A. Calculate the bill again.B. Refuse to pay the bill.C. Get angry with the man.2.When is the man supposed to return the recorder？A. Tomorrow.B. Tonight.C. Anytime he likes.3.How long has the man been waiting？A. 20 minutesB. 60 minutesC. 70 minutes.4.Where does the conversation probably take place？A. At a meeting room.B. At a reception desk.C. In Ms. Miller′s office.5.What is the woman？A. A designer.B. A teacher.C. A journalist第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
高一英语上学期期末考试试题(A类)
纯纱州纳纲市驳纵学校证号第一学期期末试题高一英语〔A类〕本试卷分第一卷和第二卷两，共10页。
第一卷为选择题, 共115分；第二卷为非选择题，共35分。
全卷共150分，考试时间为120分钟。
考前须知:1．答题前，考生务必用0.55mm2．请把答案做在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡，不交试题，答案写在试题上无效。
第Ⅰ卷〔选择题，共115分〕第一：听力 (共两节,总分值20分)第一节：〔共5小题，每题1分，总分值5分〕听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Take a rest.B. Move to a new place.C. Find more students to help her.2. What will the woman do?A. Have lunch.B. Meet her sister.C. Go to Qingdao.3. How long has the woman used her car?A. About 9 years.B. About 10 years.C. About 12 years.4. Where is Tom probably now?A. In the classroom.B. In the office.C. In the library.5. What is the woman looking for?A. A good movie.B. A nice gift.C. A good magazine.第二节：〔共15小题，每题1分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相位置。
《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）参考答案05-06
《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）参考答案05-062005 －2006 学年第二学期《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）参考答案I.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words andphrases. (15%)1. speaks volumes2. in the vicinity of3. at his disposal4. acted as5. oblivious不知道的of6. look up to7. to no avail8. follow suit9. a battery of 10. in lieu of场所11. unparalleled 12. reassuring 13. circulation 14. significance 15. engulfedII.Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. （20%）看要求评分III.Proofreading (10%)The Great Depression first started in the New York StorkExchange. In the 1920s, there were fatal flaws on the prosperity 1. inof the economy. Overproduction of crops depresses food prices, 2. depressedand farmers suffered. Industrial workers were earning better wages,but they still did not have enough purchased power tocontinue buying 3.purchasingthe flood of goods that poured out of their factories. With profitssoar and interest rates low, a great deal of money was available 4.soaringfor investment, and much of tha t capital wen t into reckless 5. butspeculation. Billions of dollars \that poured into the stock market, and 6 thatfrantic bidding boosted the price of share far above their real value. 7.sharesAs long as the market prospered, speculators could make fortunesovernight, but they could be ruined just as quick if stock 8.quicklyprices fell. On October 24, 1929 –“Black Thursday” -- awave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York StockExchange. Once started, the collapse of shares and othersecurity prices could not be halted. By 1932, thousandsof banks and over 100,000 businesses had been failed. Industrial 9. beenproduction was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had increased 60%, new investment was 10. decreaseddown 90%, and one out of every four was unemployed in the USA.IV．Reading comprehension (25%)1-5 BCADB 6-10 BCBCA11-15 CCBCA 16-20 DDCCB 21-25 BAACAV. Text analysis (30%)看要求评分。
高级英语第二册期末试卷及答案.doc
Ⅰ. Word explanation: (30%)1. convictA. criminalB. aggressorC. captainD. captor2. plightA. conditionB. irritationC. conscienceD. objection3. putridA. clearB. religiousC. purifiedD. decaying4. infuriateA. set apart from othersB. fill with rageC. become fastenedD. keep in a certain position5. vantageA. advantageB. disadvantageC. comfortless positionD. variable situation6. perspicaciousA. determinateB. flagitiousC. keenD. prestigious7. unfathomableA. which can't be understoodB. which can be measuredC. which is not realisticD. which is not deep8. succinctlyA. successfullyB. clearlyC. obviouslyD. continuously9. derelictA. grievousB. deprivedC. abandonedD. hunted10. intoxicationA. exhilarationB. extricationC. extinctionD. extraction11. myopicA. obscureB. short-sightedC. far-reachingD. uncertain12. incarceration A. importanceB. compassionC. imprisonmentD. influence13. barbarityA. crueltyB. forgivenessC. civilizationD. commitment14.invectiveA. beautiful wordsB. facial expressionsC. convincing speechD. abusive language15. alienatA. allyB. estrangeC. uniteD. oppose16.cornyA. old fashionedB. stupidC. humorousD. opinionated17. diabolicalA. boringB. dreadfulC. interestingD. reasonable18.debrisA. small individual partsB. completely good placesC. well preserved piecesD. scattered broken pieces19. ponderousA. considerateB. thoughtfulC. heavyD. divided20. forsakeA. saveB. abandonC. supportD. benefit21. heedA. rise on feetB. strike on the headC. pay attention toD. give new life22. desistA. insist onB. ceaseC. hackleD. castrate23. immuneA. impureB. revivalC. odorousD. secure24. fracasA. appearanceB. wealthC. residenceD. fight25. pathologyA. the study of religionB. the study of philosophyC. the study of diseaseD. the study of path26. modulateA. fixB. varyC. hesitateD. speak27. illicitA. uneducatedB. unreasonableC. unlawfulD. illiterate28. slumpA. rise upB. sink downC. move onD. repeat29. subversionA. rebuildingB. successionC. destroyingD. salvage30. incredulousA. unbelievingB. increasingC. industriousD. unimprovedⅡ. Spell out the words according to the meaning.1. Something that is _______ is deliberately deceitful, dishonest or untrue.A. spontaneousB. frenziedC. fraudulentD. stultifying2. If something ____________ your skin, it cuts it badly and deeplyA. lacerateB. demolishC. scudD. shrink3. People and animals that are _________ are hostile and unfriendly.A. inimicalB. derelictC. facetiousD. aberrant4. Something that is __________ is so bad or unpleasant that it makes you feel disgust or dismay.A. appealingB. appallingC. apparentD. appearing5. If you _________, you travel or move slowly and not in any particular direction.A. invokeB. meanderC. prescribeD. infuse6. A person who acts without thinking about what they are doing is often called an ____________.A. automationB. automatonC. automatD. autonomy7. A __________ is a group of trees that are close together, often because they have been planted in this way.A. gruffB. grudgeC. grovelD. grove8. If you ________ to something, you mention it in avery indirect way.A. illustrateB. concoctC. alludeD. invoke9. If a place is ______ by a particular route or method of transport, you are able to reach it by this route or method.A. accessibleB. assessableC. accessableD. acessable10. If someone has _______ motives or reasons for doing something, they do not show their motives openly but hide them.A. hideousB. desultoryC. compulsiveD. ulteriorⅢ.Paraphrase: (10%)1. All are expressions of creative transformation of nature by man' reason and skill.2. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands.3. The benefit is that he begins to suspect home in the traditional sense is another name for limitations.4. Every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.5. Yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.Ⅳ. Determine, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. Put a "T" for True and "F" for False. (15%)1. The "sad young men" in the 20's were also called the"lost generation" by F. Scott Fitzgerald.2. The concerns and objectives of industrial psychologists are to make the workers happy andsatisfied.3. With the spread of technology and science, peoplebecome more and more identical.4. "The King's English" was regarded as a form of racial discrimination during the Normal rule in England about1154- 1399.5. President Kennedy, in his address, made concrete proposals to stop the arms race and to build a just andpeaceful world.6. The old women screamed in surprise when the writer gave her a five-sou piece because she was not taken notice of by anyone and treated as a human being.7. If there is not a great disaster caused by a nuclear war, the universalizing force of technology will not continue to influence modern culture and the people's conscience.8. In "the Future of the English", Priestley doesn't explain what the future of the English is going to be.9. According to Mencken, the landscape of Westmoreland is not pleasant to look at for there are somany ugly houses along the line.10. John Koshak felt very guilty because it was he who made the final decision to stay and face the hurricane.11. In "Loving and hating New York", the writer states he both loves and hates New York, but he fails to tell thereasons, especially why he hates New York.12. The machine aesthetic was discovered by MadameGabrielle Buffet-Picabia.13. Science has showed that the world is made of realmaterial object that we see with our eyes.14. There were no real architects in Westmoreland, or they could otherwise have built a chelet with low-pitchedroof and taller than it was wide.15. Fromm agrees to the activities of those industrial psychologists, whose concerns and the objectives are toincrease the productivity of workers.Ⅴ. Choose the one which fits the meaning of the texts we've learned. (10%)1. Mencken wrote that when the house becomes absolutely black, it appears _________.A. pleasing to the eyeB. ugly to the eyeC. dirty to the eyeD. horrible to the eye2. When the girl, Polly, backfired him with all the logical fallacies she had learned from him, the law student felt that he was like _______________.A. Madame CurieB. Mr. PidgeonC. PygmalionD. Frankenstein3. The general impression of the color of the houses in Westmoreland is ___________.A. greenB. redC. blackD. yellow4. There is always a great danger that "words are harden into things for us" means that there is always a great danger that ____________A. we might forget that words are only symbols andtake them for things they are supposed to represent.B. we might remember that words are only symbolsand they are not concrete things.C. we might forget that words are concrete things.D. we might remember that words are only symbolsand they are only representation of concrete things.5. "You would go far to find another girl so agreeable" means _______________A. It would be easy if you could find another girlwho was so agreeable.B. It would be easy if you could find another girlwho was not so agreeable.C. It would not be easy if you could find anothergirl who was so agreeableD. It would not be easy if you could find anothergirl who was not so agreeable.6. The Arab navvy was hungry. He was not used to begging, so he sidled slowly toward the writer. Here " he sidled slowly" means _________.A. he spoke slowly and shylyB. he looked shyly and sidewiseC. he looked shyly and sidewiseD. he looked shyly and sidewise7. In the Middle Ages, work, according to Fromm, was_________A. a duty.B. a drudgeryC. meaningful.D. forced labor8.The stated policy of Kennedy toward Latin American countries is summed up in the phrase:________A. "alliance for progress".B. "revolutionary belief".C. "help them help themselves"D. "support their own freedom"9. The look of the young Negro soldier that Orwell was expecting was ________A. gthat of profound respect.sB. that of curiosityC. that of curiosityD. sensitive and uneasy.10. The writer of "In Favor of Capital Punishment" wants _____A. to abolish capital punishment.B. the government to support capital punishmentC. to retain capital punishment.D. to refute capital punishment.Ⅵ. Reading comprehension: (15%)TEXT A THE PLEDGEThe old woman glanced for a moment at what he had brought to pawn, but at once stared in the eyes of her uninvited visitor. She looked intently, maliciously and mistrustfully.A minute passed; he even fancied something like a sneer in her eyes, as though she had already guessed everything. He felt that he was losing his head, the he was almost frightened, so frightened that if she were to look like that and not say a word for another half minute, he thought he would have run away from her."Why do you look at me as though you did not know me?" he said suddenly, also with malice. "Take it if you like, if not I'll go elsewhere, I am in a hurry."He had not even thought of saying this, but it was suddenly of itself. The old woman recovered herself, and her visitor's resolute tone evidently restored her confidence."But why, my good sir, all of a minute... What is it?" she asked, looking at the pledge."The silver cigarette case; I spoke of it last time, you know."She held out her hand."But how pale you are, to be sure... and your hands are trembling too? Have you been bathing, or what?""Fever," he answered abruptly. "You can't help getting pale... if you've nothing to eat," he added, with difficulty articulating the words.His strength was failing him again. But his answer sounded like the truth; the old woman took the pledge."What is it?" she asked once more, scanning Raskolnikov intently and weighing the pledge in her hand."A thing... cigarette case...Silver... Lookat it.""It does not seem somehow like silver...How he had wrapped it up!"Try to untie the string and turning to the window, to the light (all her windows were shut, in spite of the stifling heat), she left him altogether for some seconds and stood with her back to him. He unbuttoned his coat and freed the axe from the noose, but did not yet take it out altogether, simply holding it in his right hand under the coat. His hands were fearfully weak, he felt them every moment growing more numb and more wooden. He was afraid he would let the axe slip and fall... A sudden giddiness came over him.1. "... she had already guessed everything" means that the old woman ________A. was sure that he had stolen something.B. was aware that he was sick unto death.C. was sure that he was up to somethingevil.D. knew what he had brought her.2. That Raskolnikov had probably done some careful planning, prior to his commission of a crime is indicated by which of the following statements?A. "She looked intently, maliciously andmistrustfully."B. "Why do you look at me as though youdid not know me?"C. "Have you been bathing, or what?"D. "How he has wrapped it up!"3. The word "pledge" as used here in the passage means ________A. something given as security for a loanB. a promise to be loyal.C. a written agreement.D. anything that is stolen4. The fact that "all her windows were shut" is probably indicative of ________A. the old woman's poor physicalcondition.B. the old woman's caution.C. Raskolnikov's cunning.D. nothing more than a mere coincidence.5. The mood of the passage is one ofA. thoughtfulnessB. disgustC. nonchalance.D. anxietyTEXT B WIT AND HUMORI am not sure that I can draw an exact line between wit and humor (perhaps the distinction is so subtle that only those persons can decide who have long white beards); but even an ignorant person may express an opinion in this matter.I am quite positive that humor is the more comfortable and lovable quality, for humorous persons, if their gift is genuine and not a mere shine upon the surface, are always agreeable companions. They have pleasant mouths turned up at the corners, to which the greatMaster of Marionettes has fixed the strings and he holds them in his nimblest fingers to twitch them at the slightest jest. But the mouth of a merely witty man is hard and sour. Nor is the flash from a witty man always comforting, but a humorous man radiates a general pleasure.I admire wit, but I have no real liking for it; it has been too often employed against me, whereas humor is always an ally: it never points an impertinent finger into my defects. A wit's tongue, however, is as sharp as a donkey's stick ___ I may gallop the faster for its prodding, but the touch behind is too persuasive for any comfort.Wit is a lean creature with a sharp inquiring nose, whereas humor has a kindly eye and a comfortable girth. Wit has a better voice in a solo, but humor comes into the chorus best.Wit keeps the season's fashions and is precise in the phrases and judgements of the day, but humor is concerned with homelyeternal things.6. The author's attitude toward wit can most accurately be described as _______A. cautious admiration.B. wholehearted amusement.C. tolerant disapprovalD. aversion7. A wit's tongue is like a donkey's stick in that both ______A. consider their victim's feelings.B. are gently persuasiveC. goad their victims.D. are used with definite purpose.8. The author thinks of humor as an ally because it ________A. seldom fails to amuse people.B. is enjoyableC. can be employed against others.D. does not cause discomfort.9. Implied but not stated:A. Humor is always genuine.B. Wit is more nimble that humor.C. Humorous persons have pleasant faces.D.Humor comes by more naturallythan wit.10. The distinction between wit and humor is _______A. of no particular importance.B. solely a matter of opinion.C. subtle.D. exact and important.TEXT C Which is a catalog card in a library and answer question 11.PR2065G31 B81966 Burrow, John Anthony.A Reading of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight by J. A. Burrow.New York, Bares & Noble (1966)viii, 199p. 23mm.Bibliographical references.Green Knight. 1. Title.1. Gawain and the Green KnightPR2065.G31B81966821.166-568Library of Congress (3)11. The phrase "Bibliographical references" gives usA. the call number.B. publication dataC. a description of the bookD. subjects under which the books iscatalogued.TEXT D is an ad in a telephone directory. Skim it quickly to answer question 12.MARKHAM PLUMBING & HEATINGSince 1935Plumbing and Heating InstallationLARGE OR SMALL REPAIRSRESIDENTIAL COMMERCIALN.J. State FREELicense #4807 ESTIMATES24 Hour 7 Day Service 228-4495461 GORDON WAYHARRINGTON12. What service is offered free by Markham Plumbing & Heating?A. InstallationB. State licensing.C. Estimates of costsD. Large or small repairsTEXT EWherever a dramatic author is asked to discuss "the mission of the playwright", there is a great temptation for him to become pretentious. Instead of being just a hardworking writer, he suddenly becomes a man with a mission. For a moment this makes him feel quite important and he begins to think about his mission: to hold up the mirror to nature, to interpret a generation to itself, to question outmoded conventions, to protest, to extol, to criticize--- and so on through the cliches.Ask a hundred playwrights what they see as their mission and you will get a hundred different answers. Playwriting, like any other kind of writing, is a highly personal matter. The dramatist writes out of a personal need to express himself on some facet of his world--- on social abuse, personal morality, the need for love and understanding, loneliness, or whatever. None of these is better than anyother, only different. Nor is the playwright any less worthy who simply sets out to entertain his audience, to amuse it, to make it laugh.The mission of the playwright, then, is to look into his heart and write, to write of whatever concerns him at the moment, to write with passion and conviction. Of course, the measure of the man will be the measure of his plays. A man cannot express more than is in him, though often, to his regret, he expresses less because of almost the inevitable failure to realize his vision fully.Of course, the writer whose heart beats in a too special way, whose interests and concerns are esoteric, will probably not be a good playwright because---to get back to the cliches, as we must---a writer does reflect nature, does interpret his generation to itself; and if he and his concerns are far removed from his generation, an audience will find no recognition in his work and therefore no pleasure, no enlightenment.13. If a playwright neither reflects nature nor interprets his generation to itself, he_________A. may not be understood by his audience.B. will become successful.C. will not write of whatever concerns him.D. cannot define his "mission".14. A playwright _________A. usually expresses more than what is inhim.B. usually realizes his vision fullyC. can always express more than what isin him.D. often expresses less than what is inhim.15. "To hold the mirror up to nature" "to interpret a generation to itself," these are_________A. examples of cliches used byplaywrights.B. what playwrights conceive to be theirmission.C. the only real missions of the playwright.D. both A and B.Notes:extol --- to praise very highlyesoteric --- limitedⅦ. Answer briefly the following sentences: (5%)1. What are the specific positive values of work?2. Why the chief attraction of Lesson Five is its humor?Ⅷ. Translate the following into English: (5%) 1.21世纪，世界科学技术和生产力必将发生新的革命性突破。
《高级英语阅读(二) 》 答案
▆■■■■■■■■■■■■福建师范大学网络与继续教育学院《高级英语阅读(二)》期末考试A卷姓名：张倩专业：英语学号： 182201807653109学习中心：东北大学无锡研究院奥鹏学习中心[2017]答案务必写在最后一页答案卷上，否则不得分！一、客观题（答案务必写在答题纸上，60分，每题2分）I 判断对错：对的写“T”，错的写“F”Read lesson 4 Text B , Do True or False Questions（阅读教材第4课课文B ，判断对错）:Washington Irving’s Sunnyside in Tarrytown, New YorkAccompanying a plan of Sunnyside (unprinted here), a former residence of Washington Irving in New York, is the following text. We have left out its title, which indicates clearly its purpose, in the hope that the reader will reconstruct it after reading the text.Sunnyside is one of the few surviving and best-documented examples of American romanticism in architecture and landscape design. Andrew Jackson Downing featured Sunnyside in his Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841) as an example of the "progressive improvement in Rural Architecture..." which, he explained, strives to be in "perfect keeping" with "surrounding nature" by its "varied" and "picturesque" outline. 'Architectural beauty," he taught, "must be considered conjointly with the beauty of the landscape,"Walking the 24-acre grounds is a pleasure in every season. Swans glide on the pond Irving called "the little Mediterranean", and a stone flume delights the ear with the sound of rushing water. A path leads up a small rise and from there down into "the glen," and up to the house. Behind the house, another path winds along the Hudson for views of the river at its widest point, the Tappan Zee.The modest stone cottage which was later to become Sunnysidewas originally a tenant farmer's house built in the late-seventeenthcentury on the Philipsburg Manor. During the eighteenth century, thecottage was owned by a branch of the Van Tassel family, the nameIrving later immortalized in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow".Irving purchased the cottage in 1835 and directed the remodeling,adding Dutch-stepped gables, ancient weathervanes, and developingGothic and Romanesque architectural features for other parts of thehouse. He was so pleased with his home that in 1836 he wrote to hisbrother, Peter: "I am living most cozily and delightfully in this dear,bright little home, which I have fitted up to my own humor. Everythinggoes on cheerily in my little household and I would not exchange thecottage for any chateau in Christendom."Today's visitor to Sunnyside sees Irving's home much as itappeared during the final years of his life. The author's booklined studycontains his writing desk—a gift from his publisher, G.P. Putnam andmany personal possessions. The dining room, in which Irving and hisdinner guests often gathered to enjoy the beautiful sunsets over theHudson River, adjoins the parlor. Here Irving played his flute, while hisnieces, Sarah and Catherine, accompanied him on the rosewood piano.The piano and other original furnishings still grace the room. The smallpicture gallery off the parlor contains some original illustrations forIrving's work. The kitchen was quite advanced for its day, having a hotwater boiler and running water fed from the pond through agravity-blow system. The iron cookstove was also a "modernconvenience," replacing the open hearth in the 1850's.The second floor of the house contains several bedrooms, each ofwhich has its own personal character. The guest bedroom is furnishedwith a French-style bed and painted cottage pieces. The ingeniousarches in this and other rooms were designed by Irving. His bedroom,where he died in 1859, contains the author's tester Sheraton bed, alongwith his walking stick and a number of his garments and personaleffects. The small, bright room between the bedrooms might have beenused by Irving's nephew and biographer, Pierre Munro Irving, whocared for his uncle during the last months of his life. The room wasused originally to store books and papers. The bedroom used byIrving's nieces contains an Irving-family field bed with hand-madebobbin lace hangings, a chest of drawers, sewing stands, and anornamental stove. The guest room contains a cast iron bed probablymade in one of the foundries along the Hudson.Write True (T) or False (F)for the following questions.1.Sunnyside is the former residence of Washington Irving in WashingtonD.C2..Sunny side is a typical representative of Romanticism of Americancity architecture.3.According to Andrew Jackson Downing , architectural beauty must bein harmony with the beauty of the surrounding landscape.4.During the 18th century ,the cottage was owned by Van Tassel who wasmentioned by Irving in his book “the Legend of the Hollow” .5.Irving didn’t make any change to the cottage after he purchased it.6.Today’s Sunnyside has changed a lot compared with its appearance inIrving’s time.7.Sunnyside was built near the Hudson River.8.The study , the dining room , the parlor and the kitchen are all on thefirst floor of Irving’s house..9.All the bedrooms on the second floor are almost furnished in the samestyle.10.Washington Irving was cared for by his daughter during the last periodof his life.II 选择题Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do yourealize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a secondlonger, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every socialsituation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gazewithout being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator,what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, considerwhat you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quickglance to size them up and to assure them that you mean no threat.Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction,you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. Soyou cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman (1963) calls“a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor, at theindicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Shouldyou break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator? You willmake the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely tofeel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are youtelling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation.For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner.They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, thendrop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again.▆▆■■■■■■■■■■■■。
2021年高二英语上学期期末考试试卷(含解析)新人教版A版
2021年高二英语上学期期末考试试卷（含解析）新人教版A版A. pessimisticB. temporaryC. previousD. cautious【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：玛丽以前是个临时的秘书在这里工作，但最终成为这个公司的正式人员。
根据full-time 可知应选B。
A 悲观的 B 临时的，暂时的 C 以前的 D小心谨慎的，所以选B。
考点：考查形容词词义辨析。
4．There are a number of cases _______ family members or friends quarrel with each other and bee enemies.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when 【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：又很多家庭成员和朋友彼此争吵成为敌人的情况。
这里使用了定语从句，先行词是cases，定语从句中缺少的是地点状语（in the case）所以用关系副词where引导定语从句，选C。
考点：考查定语从句5． It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______, I’ll set the table.A. As a resultB. On the wholeC. In the meanwhileD. As a matter of fact【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：如果你能去商店买我们晚餐所需要的东西，这将是很大的帮助。
同时，我要摆好餐具。
A. As a result结果；B. On the whole总的来说，基本上；C. In the meanwhile同时，在此期间；D. As a matter of fact.事实上。
根据句意故选C。
考点：考查固定短语的用法6．The manager promised to keep us______ of how our business was going on.A. being informedB. informedC. informingD. to be informed【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：经理答应让我们及时了解我们的生意进行的情况。
《高级英语》期末考试试卷(A)
四川外语学院2005 －2006 学年第一学期《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）考试时间：120 分钟系部：英语语言文化系年级：2003级班级：I. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words and phrases. (10%)appeal to press forward in the long run withdraw fromto the utmost at odds keep abreast of devoid ofin due course insistent on1.The child seems to be quite __________ any sense of right or wrong. Notsurprising really when you think what his parents are like.2.With that possibility in mind, I shall find the murderer __________.3.Modern liberalism is fundamentally ___ ________ with democratic governmentbecause it demands results that ordinary people would not freely choose.4.In the extension of medical services to all the people, the qualified medical andhospital facilities already established are utilized __________.5.Moving to Spain will be better for you __ ________.6.Farmers have ____________ the government for help.7. A great many worries can ________ him ______ active participation in work andlife.8.So much is happening in the world of science that it’s difficult to __________ allthe latest developments.9.Those individuals and companies confined to all-domestic operations aremost likely to suffer by lower prices and have been among those most ____________ tariff protection.10.What happened today does nothing to diminish it. We must _________ onmanned space mission.II. Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. （20%）1. The plutonium would then be vaporized and released into the environment; andthere goes Florida. (Jenny Clanton)2. Two failures in nine trips are great in baseball, but not when we’re dealing withnuclear payloads. (Jenny Clanton)3. If a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor… (John F. Kennedy)4. … to remember that in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (John F. Kennedy)5. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (John F. Kennedy)6. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain. (Winston Churchill)7. All this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding. (Winston Churchill)8. The scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests will be in vain. (Winston Churchill)9. …affection which is received should liberate the affection which is to be given, and only where both exist in equal measure does affection achieve its best possibilities. (Bertrand Russell)10. Evidently this springs from some defect in their nature, but it is one not altogether easy either to diagnose or to cure. (Bertrand Russell)III. Point out the rhetorical device in the underlined part of each sentence and write your answers on the answer sheet. Only one item can be chosen for each sentence. (10%)personification metonymy rhetoric question onomatopoeia antithesis transferred epithet metaphor parallelism alliteration simile1.She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let myheart rule my head.2.I like all the small noises of a ship: the faint creaking…, the slap of a rope, the hissof sudden spray.3.It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an uglysmart girl beautiful.4.No one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of themost famous trials in U.S. history.5.But above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I haveever been.6.It was that population … and rushing them through with a magnificent dash anddaring and recklessness of cost or consequences.7.There lies before us, if we choose, continual progress in happiness, knowledge,and wisdom. Shall we, instead, choose death, because we cannot forget our quarrels?8.I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands uponthousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony, where thousands upon thousands of cities had vanished in sorrow and tears.9.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.10.A moment later, the hurricane in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off thehouse and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.IV. Proofreading (10%) (see “Answer Sheet”)V．Reading comprehension (25%)Passage 1Failure is probably the most fatiguing experience a person ever has. There is nothing more enervating than not succeeding—being blocked, not moving ahead. It is a vicious circle. Failure breeds fatigue, and the fatigue makes it harder to get to work, which compounds the failure. We experience this tiredness in two main ways: as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task that we are under some compulsions to discharge. Either because it is too tedious or because it is too difficult, we shirk it. And the longer we postpone it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The remedy is obvious, though perhaps not easy to apply, an exertion of will power. The moment I find myself turning away from a job, or putting it under a pile of other things I have to do, I clear my desk of every thing else andattach the objectionable item first. To prevent start-up fatigue, always tackle the most difficult job first.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Here we are not reluctant to get started but we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear insurmountable and however hard we work, we fail again and again. The mounting experience of failure carries with it an ever-increasing burden of mental fatigue. In such a situation,I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.1. Which of the following can be called a vicious circle?A.Success-zeal-success-zealB.Failure-tiredness-failure-tirednessC.Failure-zeal-failure-zealD.Success-exhaustion-success-exhaustion2. According to the passage, when we keep putting off a task, we canexperience______.A. tirednessB. performance fatigueC. start-up fatigueD. unconsciousness3. To overcome start-up fatigue, we need ______.A. toughnessB. preventionC. musclesD. strong willpower4. The word “insurmountable” in the last paragraph probably means ______.A. that cannot be solvedB. that cannot be understoodC. that cannot be imaginedD. that cannot be objected5. According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?A.It is easier to overcome start-up fatigueB.Performance fatigue occurs when the job we are willing to take gets blocked.C.One will finally succeed after experiencing the vicious circleD.Fatigue often accompanies failurePassage 2Every minute of every day, what ecologist James Carlton-- an oceanographer at Williams College in Williamstown, Mass. -- calls a global "conveyor belt" redistributes ocean organisms. It's planet wide biological disruption that scientists have barely begun to understand. These creatures move from coastal waters where they fit into the local web of life to places where some of them could tear that web apart. This is the larger dimension of the infamous invasion of fish-destroying, pipe-clogging zebra mussels.What concerns Carlton and his fellow marine ecologists is the lack of knowledge about the hundreds of alien invaders that quietly enter coastal waters around the world every day. What's new is the scale and speed of the migrations made possible by the massive volume of ship-ballast water, continuously moving around the world…Ships load up with ballast water and its inhabitants in coastal waters of one port and dump the ballast in another port that may be thousands of kilometers away. A single load can run to hundreds of gallons. Some larger ships take on as much as 40 million gallons. The creatures that come along tend to be in their larva freefloating stage. When discharged in alien waters they can mature into crabs, jellyfish, slugs,and many other forms.Since the problem involves coastal species, simply banning ballast dumps in coastal waters would, in theory, solve it. Coastal organisms in ballast water that is flushed into midocean would not survive. Such a ban has worked for North American Inland Waterway. But it would be hard to enforce it worldwide. Heating ballast water or straining it should also halt the species spread. But before any such worldwide regulations were imposed, scientists would need a clearer view of what is going on.The continuous shuffling of marine organisms has changed the biology of the sea on a global scale. It can have devastating effects as in the case of the American comb jellyfish that recently invaded the Black Sea. It has destroyed that sea's anchovy fishery by eating anchovy eggs. It may soon spread to western and northern European waters.The maritime nations that created the biological "conveyor belt" should support a coordinated international effort to find out what is going on and what should be done about it.6. According to Dr. Carlton, ocean organisms are ____.A. being moved to new environments.B. destroying the planet.C. succumbing to the zebra mussel.D. developing alien characteristics.7. Oceanographers are concerned because ____.A. their knowledge of this phenomenon is limited.B. they believe the oceans are dying.C. they fear an invasion from outer-space.D. they have identified thousands of alien webs.8. It can be inferred from the article that banning ballast dumps in coastalwaters proved successful in _______.A. North American Inland WaterwayB. the globeC. EuropeD. America9. According to Marine ecologists, transplanted marine species ____.A. are all compatible with one another.B. may upset the ecosystems of coastal waters.C. can only survive in their home waters.D. sometimes disrupt shipping lanes.10. The identified cause of the problem is ____.A. the rapidity with which larvae mature.B. a common practice of the shipping industry.C. a centuries old species.D. the world wide movement of ocean currents.11. The article suggests that a solution to the problem ____.A. is unlikely to be identified.B. must precede further research.C. is hypothetically easy.D. will limit global shipping.Passage 3The United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse that took place earlier this year in Vienna, was a very productive meeting. As never before, the nations of the world demonstrated a willingness to put aside ideological and individual differences to confront a common threat.Most previous international gatherings on this subject have not seen the same intensity of delegate interest. Many nations have gone through a shock of recognition.A decade ago, only those nations identified as "consuming countries" were thought to have a serious drug problem. Today, not only have many "producing countries" also become "consuming countries" but many have missed the growth within their borders of drug trafficking gangs (often allied with terrorists) so powerful they present a danger to the state's stability. Many developing countries now have the worst of both worlds, in that they grow their own narcotics and addict large number of their own people. There is a growing sense of fright in many governments that matters are out of control and the single way to recover is through cooperation with other countries.The high points of the conference were the drafting of two documents, both of which were adopted without a dissenting vote. One was a joint declaration of intent to combat drug abuse and trafficking. The other consisted of many derailed suggestions for particular regional and national policies.On the demand side, the delegates recommended the establishment of a system for collecting information on the nature and scope of narcotics use. In addition, drug education should be taught in schools and governments and labor organizations should act together in the anti-drug campaign in the work place. The delegates also recommended strict adherence to international agreements to curb the supply of narcotics.President Ronald Reagan, in his statement to the conference, reflected a somber but hopeful view. Noting the magnitude of the effort necessary, the President remarked, "That's why this conference is so encouraging and so important--- it presents an excellent opportunity for the nations of the world to build cooperation and plan effective strategies and tactics. It won’t be easy. The alternative, however, is the continued internal decay of our societies.12. Striking feature of the UN Conference on Drug Abuse is that ______.A.the delegates were unprecedentedly unanimous in their attempt to control drugabuseB.the conference touched upon many issues in the world.C.it was held by many countries.D.two documents were signed.13. Many countries are shocked to find that _______.A.consuming countries are confronting a serious drug problemB.drug trafficking gangs are often allied with terroristsC.drug problem has become more serious than everD.drug abuse if undermining their government14. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. only those "consuming countries" are thought to have a serious drug problemB. the nations of the world do not have a consensus to find against drug problems.C. The United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse in Vienna was not veryproductive.D. The most important result of the United Nation Conference on Drug Abuse inVienna was the drafting of two important documents.15. Many countries have realized that the single way to control drugs is through___________.A. cooperation in the developed countriesB. cooperation in the developing countriesC. domestic policiesD. world-wide cooperation16. According to the passage the drug problem for the developing countries is the most serious because ______.A.they lack necessary funding to curb drug abuseB.they are both producing and consuming countries of drugsC.they are not efficient in their attempt to combat drug abuseD.they have not enlisted support from developed countries17. The delegates seemed to lack confidence in ______.A.curbing the demand for dangerous drugsB.destroying the process of distributionC.establishing system for collecting information about drug abuse.D.persuading people not to take drugs18. According to the passage President Reagan ________.A.pointed out that the effort to combat drug abuse was inestimableB.expressed his doubt about the possibility of international agreementC.suggested that if drug abuse is not curbed, world civilization will degenerateD.said that the conference was encouraging and important because internationalcooperation is necessary.Passage 4For much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn't also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nixon's wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of aspouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Buckminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?"Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us," says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public health, "that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don't know how to take care of ourselves." In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who'd never been widowed.Women's health and resilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. "All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened, "says Gerald Davison, professor of psychology at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon's case, Davison speculates, "the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it." Depression can affect the surviving spouse's will to live; suicide are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Blazer, is higher in older people without a good social-support-system, who don't feel they're part of a group or a family, that they "fit in" somewhere. And that's a more common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health hazard, says Blazer. While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year - or even the first week -- were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.19. According to researchers, Richard Nixon's death was ____.A. caused by his heart problems.B. indirectly linked to his wife's death.C. the inevitable result of old age.D. an unexplainable accident.20. The research reviewed in the passage suggest that ____.A. remarried men live healthier lives.B. unmarried men have the longest life spans.C. widowers have the shortest life spans.D. widows are unaffected by their mates' death.21. One of the results of grief mentioned in the passage is ____.A. loss of friendships.B. diminished socializing.C. vulnerability to disease.D. loss of appetite.22. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by ____.A. being self-reliant.B. evading intimacy.C. developing habits.D. avoiding independence.23. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are ____.A. unprepared for independence.B. incapable of cooking.C. unwilling to talk.D. dissatisfied with themselves.24. The author suggests that ___________.A. a newly widowed parent should go out more often than notB. a newly widowed parent should live with their childrenC. family members should respect their newly widowed parentD. family members should also pay attention to a newly widowed parent25. The main idea of this article is __________.A. how to save the newly widowed spouseB. the loss of a spouse may influence the life span of the widowed oneC. the life of the newly widowed spouseD. not clearVI. Text Analysis (25%)Read the following passage and answer the questions in your answer sheet.About one of man’s frailties Thomas Wolfe wrote, “he talks of the future and he wastes it as it comes.” This observation is related to a principle by which I try (without always succeeding) to live. I believe in living in the present because it is futile to dwell on the past, to worry about the future, or to miss anything in the only reality I know.It is futile to dwell on the past. What existed or happened in the past may have been beautiful or exciting and may now bring profound and precious memories; but the past is dead, and it is not healthy for living spirits to linger over a world inhabited by ghosts. The past may also be a place of horror, of regret, of spilled milk, of unfortunate deeds that “cannot be undone,” of sad words like “might have been.” However, it is painful and pointless to fixate on a period that cannot be relived or repaired. It is unproductive self-punishment. The past must be kept in its place, outlived and outgrown.It is also useless to worry about the future. Why fly to heaven before it is time? What anxious visions haunt the person who thinks too much about the future? He may envision the horrible mushroom cloud; the earth shriveling from radiation; the overpopulated, abused earth gone dead. He may imagine his own life going awry, appointments missed; advancements given to someone else; his house burned to the ground; his love lost; everything in his life as in a nightmare, slipping away from him. There is no end to the disasters a person can worry about when he focuses anxiously on the future. There are events in his future, including his own demise, over which he has little or no control, but he can ruin his life worrying about them. There are some disasters he may be able to prevent, but he must do that by living well in the present, not simply by worrying about the future.The present moment, which is even now moving into the past, is the reality I know, and I don't want to miss it. The wild-cherry cough drop dissolving in my mouth is sweet and soothing. Even my sore throat and back-ache have meaning. The cool night air, the crackling noises of my furnace, my cat yawning and stretching -- these, are the tangible realities I can recognize. They exist in this moment, together with my own breathing, the warm lamp overhead, the jerking of my typewriter. Along with these are the realities of other people and of all life on this earth, which matters to me now, not at some past or future time.Everyone needs a sense of history, I think, particularly a feeling for his own roots, but history needs to keep its distance to be appreciated. It is also vital to have some sense of direction, which means making plans for the future but not becoming preoccupied with them. What is most important, I believe, is living in the present, that is, being alive now.Questions:1.What is the thesis statement in the passage? (5 points)2.How does the writer develop his ideas in this passage? (10 points)3.Please comme nt on one of the author’s views. (10 points)。
高级英语(下)试卷A试题卷
xxxx学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(下)》试卷(A)（考试形式：闭卷）I. Sentence and Structure (20%)A. Paraphrase the following sentences. Use brief words. (10%)1. He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.2. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.3. The few Americans seemed just as inhibited as I was.4. I thought somehow I had been spared.5. I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.6. We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7. Now we are getting somewhere.8. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.9. In no area of American life is personal service so precious as in medical care.10. Well, that is California all over.B. Collocation: Choose the most appropriate expression to fill the blank. (10%)1. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos ______ teenagers and women in western dress.a. rubbed the shoulder withb. rubbed shoulders withc. rubbed the shoulder withd. rubbed the shoulders with2. At last this intermezzo ______, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.a. came to an endb. came to the endc. came to endd. came to ending3. The seller makes a point ______ protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him ______ all profit.a. of…fromb. from…ofc. of…ofd. from…from4. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers ______.a. follow suitb. take suitc. follow suitsd. take suits5. I suppose they will be ______ in hordes.a. gathered upb. collected upc. piled upd. rounded up6. Hitler was however wrong and we should ______ to help Russia.a. make all outb. make out allc. go all outd. go out all7. The Nazi regime is devoid ______ all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.a. fromb. ofc. outd. away8. In June 1941 Hitler suddenly ______ an attack on Russia. a. launched b. exerted c. developed d. created9. The custom-made object will be ______.a. in everyone’s reachb. within everyone’s reachc. in everyone’s touchd. within everyone’s touch10. The widest benefits of the electronic revolution will ______the young.a. accrue tob. accrue atc. accrue ford. accrue withII. Please identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)1 ( ) The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing away for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.2( ) Was I not at the scene of the crime?3 ( ) I felt sick, and every since then they have been testing and treating me.4 ( ) I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a Britishwhipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.5 ( ) We will never parley, we will never negotiate...6 ( ) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,until, ...7 ( ) The latter-day Aladdin, still snugly abed, then presses a button on a bedside box andissues a string of business and personal memos, which appear instantly on the genie screen.8 ( ) Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.9 ( ) Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference betweenwhat people claim to be and what they really are.10 ( ) The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but formaking money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.One of the strangest things about dispute over advertisingis that the greater the fuss the much of a mystery the industryitself seems to become. Advertising is a passionate area.It seems to affect those who attack it and those whodefend it in remarkable similar ways. Before long both are (1) ______exhibiting the same compulsive urge to overstate their case tothat it is difficult to believe that the critics and the defendersof advertising are even arguing for the same thing. But just (2) ______as it seemed sensible for us to regard advertising without go (3) ______to either extreme, so it also seemed logical to try and find ascold-bloodedly as if we could, what advertising in the Britain (4) ______of the sixties really was.We knew that they consumed around $950 million a (5) ______year, or roughly 2 percent of the national income. We knewthat it employed something over 200,000 individuals, themajority of which were paid salaries considerably above the (6) ______national average. And we knew that it was supposedly run inaccordance certain rather vague and often complex rules and (7) ______professional orders.Therefore once we tried finding out exactly what all this (8) ______money went on, what these highly paid individuals did for it(and with it), and how the rules and orders influenced them,a curious thing happened. This strange animal called advertising,so disliked by its supporters and so beloved by its (9) ______defenders, began to disappear. In its place were advertisingmen and advertising agencies—all working in different waysand to different rules and all showed quite startling differences (10) ______of competence, taste and effectiveness.IV. Reading Comprehension (30%)A. Multiple Choice (10%)Passage 1INK-STAINED RICHES:Mencken, the Daddy of Bad-Boy PunditryIn his essay on H.L. Mencken entitled “Saving a Whale,” journalist Murray Kempton points out that “whales are the only mammals that the museums have never managed to stuff and mount in their original skins.” To Kempton, Mencken is a very great whale who, almost 40 years aft er his death, still defies critical taxonomy. That is putting it politely. Mencken in death provokes as much vitriol as he did while living. He has been called a racist, a humanitarian, an arch conservative and a great liberal, and the thorny fact is, he was all those things. Nobody knows what to make of a man who turned his diary into a manure pile of anti-Semitism at the same time he was working diligently to get Jews out of Hitler’s Germany.Biographers have been struggling to take Mencken’s measure since the 1920s. Fred Hobson’s Mencken...is the latest and best attempt. Hobson is the first of Mencken’s biographers to use all the posthumously published diaries, where the “Sage of Baltimore” vented his most odious bigotries and where he most clearly revealed the alienation and loneliness at the heart of his personality. Hobson does not try to resolve the contradictions in Mencken’s personality. Instead, he wisely uses this new material to portray Mencken as a man forever in conflict with himself, the carefree cutup coexisting with the control freak, the comic with the tragedian. Eventually—at least a decade before the 1948 stroke that robbed him of the ability to read or write—Mencken’s darker angels took charge of his soul. In 1942, he wrote, “I have spent all of my 62 years here, but I still find it impossible to fit myself into the accepted patterns of American life and thought. After all these years, I remain a foreigner.”But as Hobson points out, the darkness was there all along, and the miracle is that out of this almost paralyzing bleakness, Mencken was once able to spin exuberant, lacerating prose that is as funny as it is essentially serious. At the peak of his powers, in the ‘20s and early ‘30s, he slaughtered every sacred cow in sight, from Prohibition to fundamentalism. But as hard as he could be on hillbillies and Klansmen, he was even harder on professors: “Of a thousand head of such dull drudges not ten, with their doctors’ dissertations behind them, ever contribute so much as a flyspeck to th e sum of human knowledge.” Coining phrases like “the Bible belt” and aphorisms like “Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want, and deserve to get it good and hard,” Mencken left his indecorous fingerprints all over American though t and speech.As a newspaper columnist, a magazine editor and a book writer, Mencken radically broadened the scope and raised the standards of American journalism. But most important, he proved that an intellectual could thrive in the popular press....M any have imitated Mencken’s style....But the sad fact is, Mencken’s disciples are not Mencken. Flaws and all, he was inimitable. As Hobson says, “He was our nay-saying Whitman, and...he sounded his own barbaric yap over the roofs of the timid and the fea rful, the contented and the smug.” With his cheap cigars and his hick’s haircut, and with his gaudy, orotund prose, he looks and sounds like an old-fashioned vaudevillian.... As nice as it would be to stick this curmudgeonly, politically incorrect relic on a back shelf and forget about him, we need his rancor too much. Better than anyone, he still instructs us on the value of the loyal opposition. At his best, he made his readers think and he kept them honest. No journalist could want a better epitaph.1. Kempton thinks that Mencken was[A] a huge man. [B] beyond reproach. [C] larger than life. [D] hard to classify.2. Hobson’s biography is atypical of previous books abut Mencken because it[A] sues samples of Mencken’s prose.[B] creates a one-sided portrait.[C] glosses over inconsistencies. [D] uses material Mencken never published.3. Mencken is probably best characterized as a/an[A] optimist. [B] pessimist. [C] enthusiast. [D] defeatist.4. According to the author of the passage, Mencken’s prose is[A] pedantic. [B] prosaic. [C] pungent. [D] poetic.5. The reviewer believes that Mencken’s work should be appreciated because[A] it has historic value.[B] it reminds Americans of the importance of dissent.[C] Mencken was an excellent reporter.[D] Mencken cannot be copied.Passage 2THE DEA TH OF A SPOUSEFor much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn’t also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nixon’s wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of a spouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Bickminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?“Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us,” says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, “that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don’t know how to take care of ourselves.” In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who’d never been widowed.Women’s health and res ilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers form the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. “All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened,” says Gerald Davison, professor of psycholog y at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon’s case, Davison speculates, “the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it.” Depression can affect the surviving spouse’s will to live; suicide rates are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Balzer, is higher in older people without a good social-support system, who don’t feel they’re part of a group or a family, that they “fit in” somewhere. And that’s a common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health ha zard, says Blazer. “A person who loses a spouse shows deterioration in normal habits like sleeping and eating,” he says. “They don’t have that other person to orient them, like when do you go to bed, when do you wake up, when do you eat, when do you take your medication, when do you go out to take a walk? Y our pattern is no longer locked into someone else’s pattern, so it deteriorates.”While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year—or even the first week—were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.6. According to researchers, Richard Nixon’s death was[A] caused by his heart problems. [B] indirectly linked to his wife’s death.[C] the inevitable result of old age. [D] an unexplainable accident.7. The research reviewed in the passage suggests that[A] remarried men live healthier lives. [B] unmarried men have the longest life spans.[C] widowers have the shortest life spans. [D] widows are unaffected by their mates’ death.8. One of the results of grief mentioned in the article is[A] loss of friendships. [B] diminished socializing.[C] vulnerability to disease. [D] loss of appetite.9. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by[A] being self-reliant. [B] evading intimacy.[C] developing habits. [D] avoiding independence.10. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are[A] unprepared for independence. [B] incapable of cooking.[C] unwilling to talk. [D] dissatisfied with themselves.B. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Your answers should be given in English. Be brief and straight to the point. (20%)The Penalty of DeathH. L. MenckenOf the arguments against capital punishment that issue from uplifters, two are commonly heard most often, to wit:1. That hanging a man (or frying him or gassing him) is a dreadful business, degrading to those who have to do it and revolting to those who have to witness it.2. That it is useless, for it does not deter others from the same crime.The first of these arguments, it seems to me, is plainly too weak to need serious refutation. All it says, in brief, is that the work of the hangman is unpleasant. Granted. But suppose it is? It may be quite necessary to society for all that. There are, indeed, many other jobs that are unpleasant, and yet no one thinks of abolishing them---that of the plumber, that of the soldier, that of the garbage man, that of the priest hearing confessions, that of the sand-hog, and so on. Moreover, what evidence is there that anyactual hangman complains of his work? I have heard none. On the contrary, I have known many who delighted in their ancient art, and practiced it proudly.In the second argument of the abolitionists there is rather more force, but even here, I believe, the ground under them is shaky. Their fundamental error consists in assuming that the whole aim of punishing criminals is to deter other (potential) criminal ---that we hang or electrocute A simply in order to so alarm B that he will not kill C. This, I believe, is an assumption which confuses a part with the whole. Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one. On the contrary, there are at least a half dozen, and some are probably quite as important. At least one of them, practically considered, is more important. Commonly, it is described as revenge, but revenge is really not the word for it. I borrow a better term from the late Aristotle: katharsis. Katharsis, so used, means a salubrious discharge of emotions, a healthy letting off of steam. A school-boy, disliking his teacher, deposits a tack upon the pedagogical chair; the teacher jumps and the boy laughs. This is katharsis. What I contend is that one of the prime objects of all judicial punishments is to afford the same grateful relief (a) to the immediate victims of the criminal punished, and (b) to the general body of moral and timorous men.These persons, and particularly the first group, are concerned only indirectly with deterring other criminals. The thing they crave primarily is the satisfaction of seeing the criminal actually before them suffer as he made them suffer. What they want is the peace of mind that goes with the feeling that accounts are squared. Until they get that satisfaction they are in a state of emotional tension, and hence unhappy. The instant they get it they are comfortable. I do not argue that this yearning is noble; I simply argue that it is almost universal among human beings. In the face of injuries that are unimportant and can be borne without damage it may yield to higher impulses; that is to say, it may yield to what is called Christian charity. But when the injury is serious Christianity is adjourned, and even saints reach for their side-arms. It is plainly asking too much of human nature to expect it to conquer so natural an impulse. A keeps s store and has a bookkeeper, B. B steals $700, employs it is playing at dice or bingo, and is cleaned out. What is A to do? Let B go? If he does so he will be unable to sleep at night. The sense of injury, of injustice, of frustration will haunt him like pruritus. So he turns B over to the police, and they hustle B to prison. Thereafter A can sleep. More, he has pleasant dreams. He pictures B chained to the wall of a dungeon a hundred feet underground, devoured by rats and scorpions. It is so agreeable that it makes him forget his $700. He has got his katharsis.The same thing precisely takes place on a larger scale when there is a crime which destroys a whole community’s sense of security. Every law-abiding citizen feels menaced and frustrated until the criminals have been struck down---until the communal capacity to get even with them, and more than even, has been dramatically demonstrated. Here, manifestly, the business of deterring others is no more than an afterthought. The main thing is to destroy the concrete scoundrels whose act has alarmed everyone, and thus make everyone unhappy. Until they are brought to book that unhappiness continues; when the law has been executed upon them there is a sigh of relief. In other words, there is katharsis.I know of no public demand for the death penalty for ordinary crimes, even for ordinary homicides. Its infliction would shock all men of normal decency of feeling. But for crimes involving the deliberate and inexcusable taking of human life, by men openly defiant of all civilized order---for such crimes it seems to nine men out of ten, a just and proper punishment. Any lesser penalty leaves them feeling that the criminal has got the better of society---that he is free to add insult to injury by laughing. That feeling can be dissipated only by a recourse to katharsis, the invention of the aforesaid Aristotle. It is more effectively and economically achieved, as human nature now is, by wafting the criminal to realms of bliss.The real objection to capital punishment doesn’t lie against the actual extermination of the condemned, but against our brutal American habit of putting it off so long. After all, every one of us must die soon or late, and a murderer, it must be assumed, is one who makes that sad fact the cornerstone of his metaphysic. But it is one thing to die, and quite another thing to lie for long months and even years under the shadow of death. No sane man would choose such a finish. All of us, despite the Prayer Book, long for a swift and unexpected end. Unhappily, a murderer, under the irrational American system, is tortured for what, to him, must seem a whole series of eternities. For months on end he sits in prison while his lawyers carry on their idiotic buffoonery with writs, injunctions, mandamuses, and appeals. In order to get his money (or that of his friends) they have to feed him with hope. Now and then, by the imbecility of a judge or some trick of juristic science, they actually justify it. But let us say that, his money all gone, they finally throw up their hands. Their client is now ready for the rope or the chair. But he must still wait for months before it fetches him.That wait, I believe, is horribly cruel. I have seen more than one man sitting in the death house, and I don’t want to see any more. Worse, it is wholly useless. Why should he wait at all? Why not hang him the day after the last court dissipates his last hope? Why torture him as not even cannibals would torture their victims? The common answer is that he must have time to make his peace with God. But how long does that take? It may be accomplished, I believe, in two hours quite as comfortably as in two years. There are, indeed, no temporal limitations upon God. He could forgive a whole herd of murderers in a millionth of a second. More, it has been done.1. What is the author’s point in this essay? Sum up the author’s argument in 50 words. (4%)2. How does the author put forward his argument? What does he do before he proposes his own idea about the death penalty? (4%)3. What method does the author use to refute the first argument proposed by the uplifters, that the death penalty should be abolished because it is unpleasant? How do you characterize the supporting details the author provides throughout the essay? (4%)4. What is the author’s real objection to the death penalty? Sum up his description of how the death penalty is carried out currently within 50 words. (4%)5. Does the author expect his audience to agree with him? Where in the essay does he indicate his audience may disagree? (4%)V. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, falls asleep. He has no apprehensions; only the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps, and at midnight, or in the early morning, he drops from hisperch—dead.Yesterday he lived and moved, responsive to a thousand external influences, reflecting earth and sky in his small brilliant brain as in a looking-glass; also he had a various language, the inherited knowledge of his race, and the faculty of flight, by means of which he could shoot, meteor-like, across the sky, and pass swiftly from place to place; and with it he was able to drop himself plumb down from the tallest tree-lop, or out of the void air, on to a slender spray, and scarcely cause its leaves to tremble.Now, on this morning, he lies stiff and motionless; so easy and swift is the passage from life to death in wild nature! But he was never miserable.VI. Translate the following passage into English. (15%)我一直以为大学校长是高瞻远瞩、指导学术与教育大方向的决策人，而不是管馒头稀饭的保姆，但这也暂且不提。
高级英语(下)期末复习试题11套含答案(大学期末复习资料)
17. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebearsprescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.18. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at oddsand split asunder.19. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the oceandepths and encourage the arts and commerce.20. I deposited her at the girls’dormitory, where she assured me that she had had aperfectly terrif evening, and I went glumly to my room.21. I hid my exasperation. “Polly, it’s a fallacy. The generalization is reached too hastily.There are too few instances to support such a conclusion.”22. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack.undermined an article of faith: the thingliness of things.25. Barring the catastrophe of nuclear war, it will continue to shape both modern cultureand the consciousness of those who inhabit that culture.26. The craftsman is thus able to learn from his work; and to use and develop hiscapacities and skills in its prosecution.27. Work has become alienated from the working person.28. Most investigations in the field of industrial psychology are concerned with thequestion of how the productivity of the individual worker can be increased, and how he can be made to work with less friction.29. But no; what most excites Europeans is the city’s charged, nervous atmosphere, itsvulgar dynamism.30. It is about constant battles for subway seats, for a cabdriver’s or a clerk’s or awaiter’s attention, fo r a foothold, a chance, a better address, a larger billing.III. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your ANSWER SHEET. TEXT AThirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling abo ut one’s fellow man?“Not so,” say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency.Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma from diabetes? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steampi pes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are faced witha real emergency.Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested”. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them o ff on the “tests”. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room” and the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder.Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were emotional. They sweated. They had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.31. The purpose of this passage is___________.A. to explain why people fail to act in emergenciesB. to explain when people will act in emergenciesC. to explain what people will do in emergenciesD. to explain how people feel in emergencies32. Which of the following is NOT true?A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth hishelp.C. A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies ifhe wants to help.D. A person with a heart attack needs the most.33. The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act inemergencies when_______________.A. they are in pairsB. they are in groupsC. they are aloneD. they are with their friends34. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that___________.A. they are afraid of emergenciesB. they are reluctant to get themselves involvedC. others will act if they themselves hesitateD. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help35. The author suggests that____________.A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to act in emergenciesB. a person must feel guilty if he fails to helpC. people should be responsible for themselves in emergenciesD. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway TEXT BTo Err Is Humanby Lewis ThomasEveryone must have had at least one personal experience with a computer error by this time. Bank balances are suddenly reported to have jumped from $379 into the millions, appeals for charitable contributions are mailed over and over to people with crazy sounding names at your address, department stores send the wrong bills, utility companies write that they’re turning everything off, that sort of thing. If you manage to get in touch with someone and complain, you then get instantaneously typed, guilty letters from the same computer, saying, “Our computer was in error, and an adjustment is being made in your account.”These are supposed to be the sheerest, blindest accidents. Mistakes are not believed to be the normal behavior of a good machine. If things go wrong, it must be a personal, human error, the result of fingering, tampering a button getting stuck, someone hitting the wrong key. The computer, at its normal best, is infallible.I wonder whether this can be true. After all, the whole point of computers is that they represent an extension of the human brain, vastly improved upon but nonetheless human, superhuman maybe. A good computer can think clearly and quickly enough to beat you at chess, and some of them have even been programmed to write obscure verse. They can do anything we can do, and more besides.It is not yet known whether a computer has its own consciousness, and it would be hard to find out about this. When you walk into one of those great halls now built for the huge machines, and standing listening, it is easy to imagine that the faint, distant noises are the sound of thinking, and the turning of the spools gives them the look of wild creatures rolling their eyes in the effort to concentrate, choking with information. But real thinking, and dreaming, are other matters. On the other hand, the evidence of something like an unconscious, equivalent to ours, are all around, in every mail. As extensions of the human brain, they have been constructed the same property of error, spontaneous, uncontrolled, and rich in possibilities.36. The title of the writing “To Err Is Human” implies that ____________.A. making mistakes is confined only to human beings.B. every human being cannot avoid making mistakes.C. all human beings are always making mistakes.D. every human being is born to make bad mistakes.37. The first paragraph implies that _____________.A. computer errors are so obvious that one can hardly prevent them from happening.B. a computer is so capable of making errors that none of them is avoidable.C. computers make such errors as miscalculation and inaccurate reporting.D. computers can’t think so their errors are natural and unavoidable.38. The author uses his hypothesis that “computers represent an extension of the human brain” in order to indicate that ____________.A. human beings are not infallible, nor are computers.B. computers are bound to make as many errors as human beings.C. errors made by computers can be avoided the same as human mistakes can beavoided.D. computers are made by human beings and so are their errors.39. The rhetoric the author employed in writing the third paragraph, especially thesentence “A good computer can think clearly and quickl y enough to beat you at chess...” is usually referred to in writing as ______________.A. simile.B. personification.C. hyperbole.D. metaphor.40. The author compared the faint and distant sound of the computer to the sound ofthinking and regarded it as the product of _____________.A. dreaming and thinking.B. some property of errors.C. consciousness.D. possibilities.TEXT CI cry easily. I once burst into tears when the curtain came down on the Kirov Ballet’s “Swan Lake”.I still choke up every time I see a film of Roger Bannister breaking the “impossible” four-minute mark for the mile. I figure I am moved by witnessing men and women at their best. But they need not be great men and women, doing great things.I remember the night, some years ago, when my wife and I were going to dinner ata friend’s house in New York city. It was sleeting. As we hurried toward the house, with its welcoming light, I noticed a car pulling out from the curb. Just ahead, another car was waiting to back into the parking space—a rare commodity in crowded Manhattan. But before he could do so another car came up from behind, and sneaked into the spot. That’s dirty pool, I thought.While my wife went ahead into our friend’s house, 1 stepped into the street to give the guilty driver a piece of my mind. A man in work clothes rolled down the window.“Hey,” I said, “this parking space belongs to that guy,” I gestured toward the man ahead, who was looking back angrily. I thought I was being a good Samaritan, I guess--and I remember that the moment I was feeling pretty manly in my new trench coat.“Mind your own business!” the driver told me.“No,” I said. “You don’t understand. That fellow was waiting to back into this space.”Things quickly heated up, until finally he leaped out of the car. My God, he was colossal. He grabbed me and bent me back over the hood of his car as if I was a rag doll. The sleet stung my face. I glanced at the other driver, looking for help, but he gunned his engine and hightailed it out of there.The huge man shook his rock of a fist of me, brushing my lip and cutting the inside of my mouth against my teeth. I tasted blood. I was terrified. He snarled and threatened, and then told me to beat it.Almost in a panic, I scrambled to my friend’s front door. As a former Marine, as a man, I felt utterly humiliated. Seeing that I was shaken, my wife and friends asked me what had happened. All I could bring myself to say was that I had had an argument about a parking space. They had the sensitivity to let it go at that.I sat stunned. Perhaps half an hour later, the doorbell rang. My blood ran cold. For some reason I was sure that the bruiser had returned for me. My hostess got up to answer it, but I stopped her. I felt morally bound to answer it myself.I walked down the hallway with dread. Yet 1 knew I had to face up to my fear. I opened the door. There he stood, towering. Behind him, the sleet came down harder than ever.“I came back to apologize,” he said in a low voice. “When I got home, I said to myself, ‘what right do I have to do that?’ I’m ashamed of myself. All I can tell you is that the Brooklyn Navy Yard is closing. I’ve worked there for years. And today I got laid off. I’m not myself. I hope you’ll accept my apology.”I often remember that big man. 1 think of the effort and courage it took for him to come back to apologize. He was man at last.And I remember that after I closed the door, my eyes blurred, as I stood in the hallway for a few moments alone.41. On what occasion is the author likely to be moved?A. A young person cheated of the best things in life.B. A genius athlete breaks a world record.C. A little girl suffers from an incurable disease.D. When the curtain comes down on a touching play.42. What does “dirty pool” a t the end of the second paragraph mean?A. Improper deed.B. Bribery.C. Unclean place.D. Dirty transaction.43. Why didn’t the writer’s wife and friends ask him what had really happened to him?A. They sensed that something terrible happened, th ey didn’t dare to ask.B. They were afraid that the writer might lose face if they asked.C. They’d like to let it be for it was not their business.D. They tried to calm the writer in this way.TEXT DIn a reaction against a too-rigid, over-refined classical curriculum, some educational philosophers have swung sharply to an espousal of “life experience” as the sole source of learning. Using their narrow interpretation of John Dewey’s theories as a base for support, they conclude that only through “doing”can learning take place. Spouting such phrases as “Teach the child, not the subject,” they demand, without sensing its absurdity, an end to rigorous study as a means of opening the way to learning. While not all adherents to this approach would totally eliminate a study of great books, the influence of this philosophy has been felt in the public school curricula, as evidenced by the gradual subordination of great literature.What is the purpose of literature? Why read, if life alone is to be our teacher? James Joyce states that the artist reveals the human situation by re-creating life out of life. Aristotle states that art presents universal truths because its form is taken from nature. Thus, consciously or otherwise, the great writer reveals the human situation most tellingly, extending our understanding of ourselves and our world.We can soar with the writer to the heights of man’s aspirations, or plummeting w ithhim to tragic despair. The works of Steinbeck, Anderson, and Salinger; the poetry of Whitman, Sandburg, and Frost; the plays of Ibsen, Miller, and O’Neill; all present starkly realistic portrayals of life’s problems. Reality? Yes! But how much wider is the understanding we gain than that attained by viewing life through the keyhole of our single existence.Can we measure the richness gained by the young reader venturing down the Mississippi with Tom and Huck, or cheering Ivanhoe as he battles the Black Knight; the deepening understanding of the mature reader of the tragic South of William Faulkner and Tennessee Williams, of the awesome determination and frailty of Patrick White’s Australian pioneers?This function of literature, the enlarging of our own life sphere, is of itself of major importance. Additionally, however, it has been suggested that solutions of social problems maybe suggested in the study of literature. The overweening ambitions of political leaders--and their sneering contempt for the law--did not appear for the first time in the writings of Bernstein and Woodward; the problems, and the consequent actions, of the guilt ridden did not await the appearance of the bearded psychoanalyst of the twentieth century.Federal Judge Learned Hand has written, “I venture to believe that it is as important to a judge called upon to pass on a question of constitutional law, to have at least a bowing acquaintance with Thucydides, Gibbon, and Carlyle, with Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, and Milton, with Montaigne and Rabelais, with Plato, Bacon, Hume, and Kant, as with the books which have been specifically written on the subject. For in such matters everything turns upon the spirit in which he approaches the questions before him.”But what of our dissenters? Can we overcome the disapproval of their “life experience classroom” theory of learning? We must s tart with the field of agreement--that education should serve to improve the individual and society. We must educate them to the understanding that the voice of human experience should stretch our human faculties, and open us to learning. We must convince them--in their own personal language perhaps--of the “togetherness” of life and art; we must prove to them that far from being separate, literature is that part of life which illuminates life.44. According to the passage, the end goal of great literature is ____________.A. the recounting of dramatic and exciting stories, and the creation of charactersB. to create anew a synthesis of life that illuminates the human conditionC. the teaching of morality and ethical behaviorD. to portray life’s problem45. In the author’s opinion, as seen in this passage, one outcome of the influence of the “life experience” adherents has been ______.A. the gradual subordination of the study of great literature in the schoolsB. a narrowed interpretation of the theories of John DeweyC. a sharp swing over to “learning through doing”D. an end to rigorous study as a way of learning46. As the author sees it, one of the most important gains from the study of great literature is _____________.A. enrichment of our understanding of the pastB. broadening of our approaches to social problemsC. that it gives us a bowing acquaintance with great figures of the pastD. that it provides us with vicarious experiences which provide a much broaderexperience than we can get from experiences of simply our own lives alone47. The author’s purpose in this passage is to ______.A. list those writers who make up the backbone of a great literature curriculumB. compare the young reader’s experience with literature to that of the maturereadersC. plead for the retention of great literature as a fundamental part of the curriculumD. advocate the adoption of the “life experience” approach to teachingTEXT EI will now teach, offering my way of life to whomsoever desires to commit suicide by the scheme which has enabled me to beat the doctor and the hangman for seventy years. Some of the details may sound untrue, but they are not. I am not here to deceive; I am here to teach.We have no permanent habits until we are forty. Then they begin to harden, presently they petrify, then business begins. Since forty I have been regular about going to bed and getting up and that is one of the main things. I have made it a rule to go to bed when I had to. This has resulted in an unswerving regularity of irregularity. It has saved me sound, but it would injure another person.In the matter of diet—which is another main thing—I have been persistently strict in sticking to the things which didn’t agree with me until one or the other of us got the best of it. Until lately I got the best of it myself. But last spring I stopped frolicking with mince pie after midnight, up to then I had always believed I wasn’t loaded. For thirty years I have taken coffee and bread at eight in the morning, and no bite nor sup until seven-thirty in the evening. Eleven hours. That is all right for me, and is wholesome, because I have never had a headache in my life, but headachy people would not reach seventy comfortably by that road, and they would be foolish to try it. And I wish to urge upon you this—which I think is wisdom—that if you find you can’t make seventy by any but an uncomfortable road, don’t you go. When they take off the Pullman and retire you to the rancid smoker, put on your things, count your checks and get out at the first way station where there’s a cemetery.I have made it a rule never to smoke more than one cigar at a time. I have no other restriction as regards smoking. I do not know just when I began to smoke; I only know that it was in my father’s lifetime, and that I was discreet. He passed from his life early in 1847, when I was a shade past eleven; ever since then I have smoked publicly. As an example to others, and not that I care for moderation myself, it has always been my rule never to smoke when asleep, and never to refrain when awake. It is a good rule, I mean, for me; but some of you know quite well that it wouldn’t answer for everybody that’s trying to get to be seventy.I smoke in bed until I have to go to sleep; I wake up in the night, sometimes once, sometimes twice, sometimes three times, and I never waste any of these opportunities to smoke. This habit is so old and dear and precious to me that I would feel as you, sir,would feel if you should lose the only moral you’ve got--meaning the chairman--if you’ve got one; I am making no charges. I will grant, here, that I have stopped smoking now and then, for a few months at a time, but it was not on principle, it was only to show off; it was to pulverize those critics who said I was a slave to my habits and couldn’t break my bonds.48. The best title for this passage would be__________.A. How to Get to SeventyB. How to Tell a Funny StoryC. Smoking and AgingD. My Funny Life49. In Para. 4, the author portrays himself as__________.A. a heavy smokerB. an austere personC. a rule followerD. a forgetful person50. Although the author says “I am here to teach,” his purpose is really____________.A. to deceiveB. to jokeC. to persuadeD. to smokeIV. Proofreading & Error Correction (10%)Proofread and correct the given passage on ANSWER SHEET as instructed.V. EC Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.On any person who desires such queer prizes, New York will bestow the gift of loneliness and the gift of privacy. It is this largess that accounts for the presence within the city’s walls of a considerable section of the population; for the residents of Manhattan are to a large extent strangers who have pulled up stakes somewhere and come to town, seeking sanctuary of fulfillment or some greater or lesser grail. The capacity to make such dubious gifts is a mysterious quality of New York. It can destroy an individual, or it can fulfill him, depending a good deal on luck. No one should come to New York to live unless he is willing to be lucky.VI. CE Translation (10%)Directions: Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.大多数英国酒吧都没有酒保，你得到吧台去买酒。
高级英语(上)试卷A试题含答案
绍兴文理学院元培学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(上)》试卷(A)（考试形式：闭卷）I. Vocabulary Selection (15%)In this part, there are 15 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer.1．Due to the fact that universities can not enroll all the candidates, ______ to university is competitive.A．admission B．affidavit C．admiration D．allegiance2．The World Cup has been the ______ of this month's events; a large number of soccer fans around the world focus their attention on the little “ball”.A．twilight B．realms C．highlights D．headlines3．They ______ to hear that their football team won a great victory over the opponent team.A．relieved B．released C．rejoiced D．rescued4．Each individual expresses his opinion in the group by where he stands when a lot of people ______ together in a chat.A．squeeze B．stick C．pad D．cluster5．When she called me a thief, I decided to sue her for ______ .A．ridicule B．scandal C．slander D．encumber6．George W. Bush said Saddam Hussein is ______ and must be disarmed immediately.A．pugnacious B．proverbial C．magnanimous D．malleable7．They tell the people in their community not to store apples in the refrigerator because fresh fruit like apples is ______ .A．perishable B．vanishing C．exquisite D．fickle8．The spokesman said he believed the attack was in ______ for the death of the bombing.A．requital B．rhetoric C．retrospect D．retaliation9．The President is certain to know the result of this vote as a (n) ______ for further economic decision-making.A．mandate B．aviation C．pretext D．rampage10．The villagers were ______ by the news of the criminal's release from the prison.A．indignant B．puzzled C．overjoyed D．elusive11．If it goes on to ______ its responsibilities, then the British government must act immediately in its place.A．discipline B．abdicate C．bash D．challenge12．The sentry guard dived into his ______ and closely observed the stranger towards him.A．fortress B．exodus C．foxhole D．eviction 13．An overwhelming richness of vegetation may have caused the level of oxygen, to rise above today's ______, with a corresponding depletion of carbon dioxide.A．concentration B．saturation C．satiation D．plenitude14．The psychology therapist's job is to help people "re-author" stories that aren't doing them ______ .A. justB. justiceC. justiceshipsD. justification15．The dream quickly gave way to a cold number: the house they wanted ______ $52,000 more than their budget.A．cost B．took C．spent D．requiredII. Paraphrase (20%)Directions: Explain in English the meaning of the underlined words or expressions in each sentence.1. Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or stereotypically female jobs.2. When students participate in classroom discussion, they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning.3. Boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention-a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil.4. They give no sign that the possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.5. The tiger is said to have emerged, but presently crept back again, as if too much bewildered by his new responsibilities.6. It alone prevents the hardest and the most repulsive walks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein.7. It is not surprising that they need some stimulus to use the foreign language for natural purposes.8. The relationship is a formal and formalized one for which conventionalities suffice.9. This confident attitude is very fragile and can be stifled quite early.10. He supposed that nobody could ever countenance waging war again.11. In such a perverse state of affairs, affairs of state tend to undergo some rather bizarre reversals.12. An author is evading his responsibilities, if he is not intelligible.13. I suggest in return that this attitude betrays either laziness or affectation. It is the abdication of authorship.14. He is not fetching up thoughts that lie too deep for tears.15. Power, travel, external security, free time, and other blessings are potentially available to the affluent.16. Religious groups and those who elevate the status of poverty as they equate money with evil exhort us to live simply.17. Psychologists generally agree that they set the stage for schizophrenia.18. He had rushed them along to secure such openings about the deck as had not been already battened down earlier in the evening.19. Such is the prestige, the privilege, and the burden of command.20. It unveiled the black figures of men caught on the bridge, heads forward, as if petrified in the act of butting.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.The term “formal learning” is used in this paper to refer to all learningwhich takes place in the classroom, without regard to such learning is (1)______ performed by conservative or progressive ideologies. “In formal learning”,on the other hand, is used to referring to learning which takes place outside (2)______the classroom.These definitions provide the essential, though by all means sole, (3)______ difference between the two modes of learning. Formal learning is separatedfrom daily life and, indeed, as Scribner and Cole (1973:553) have observed,may actually “promote ways of learning and thing which often run counter on (4)______those nurtured in practical daily life.” A characteristic feature of formallearning is the centrality of activities which are not closely paralleled byactivities outside the classroom. The classroom can prepare for, draw, and (5)______imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classroom, but it cannot, by itsnature, consist of these challenges.In doing this, language plays a crucial role as the major channel forinformation exchange. “Success” in the classroom requires a student tomaster this abstract signal. As Berstein noted, the language of the classroom (6)______is more similar to the language used by middle-class families than that used byworking-class families. Middle class children thus find it easier to acquire thelanguage of the classroom than their working-class peers.Informal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to conduct this role. (7)______Informal learning is acquired as natural part of a child's socialization. Adultsor older children who are proficient at the skill or activity provide—sometimes (8)______ unintentionally—target models of behavior in the course of everyday activity.Informal learning, however, can take place at any time and is not subject by (9) ______the limitations imposed by institutional timetabling. (10)______IV. Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions: In this section there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1The dream of lost innocence recovered in a golden future always haunts the imagination of colonial pioneers. Its premise is myopia: F. Scott Fitzgerald conjured “a fresh, green breast of the new world” for his Dutch sailors, a story that began without Indians. Golda Meir infamously insisted that there was no such thing as Palestinians. Breaking new ground on a distant shore is easier if no one is there when you arrive. Plan B allows that the natives are happy to see the newcomers. But soon enough it all turns nasty and ends in tears.“A Strange Death,”Hillel Halkin's beautifully written and wisely confused account of the local history of the town he lives in, Zichron Yaakov, takes us back to the earliest days of Jewish settlement in Ottoman Palestine. His ostensible subjects are members of the Nili spy ring operated out of Zichron daring World War Ⅰby local pioneers on behalf of the British, its ramifications among the local populace and the betrayals and revenge that floated in its wake. He is deeply seduced, however, by the lovely ambiguities of the past as they arise in relationships between Arabs and Jews at a time when both groups were under Turkish rule. Yes, there is murder just around the corner (Jews were hacked to pieces in Hebron and Arabs massacred in Deir Yessin) but in 1916 a man could still be known by the horse he rode from village to village rather than the tank he roiled through in.The spy ring (“Nili”is a Hebrew acronym that translates as “the strength of Israel will not lie”), which functioned less than a year from the winter of 1916 through the fail of 1917, was the brainchild of Aaron Aaronsohn and Avshalom Feinberg, two Palestine-born Zionists convinced that a British victory over the Turks would help pave the way to a Jewish state. Aaronsohn was a charismatic figure with an international reputation as a botanist (he discovered triticum dioccoides, the wild ancestor of cultivated wheat). Feinberg, a local farmer, was a swashbuckler, a superior shot and impressive horseman. Aaronsohn brought two of his sisters into the ring: Rivka, who was engaged to Feinberg, and the beautiful and spirited Sarah. At 24, Sarah had abandoned her Turkish Jewish husband in Constantinople and had witnessed, on her journey to Palestine, the Turks' genocidal assault on the Armenians. The network was augmented by Yosef Lishansky, a maverick adventurer and a tough guy, and a few more trusted relatives of the two leaders.The likelihood of the spies living to comb gray hair wasn't enhanced by the anxieties of some Jews. After a successful run passing information on Turkish troop positions to a British freighter waiting offshore came the inevitable capture, torture and interrogation of an operative, Naaman Belkind, and soon enough the jig was up. In October 1917, the Turks cordoned off Zichron. Aaronsohn was luckily in Cairo at the time. Lishansky escaped only to be caught after three weeks, and hanged by the Turks. Sarah was captured and marched through town. Four Jewish women abused, excoriated and perhaps assaulted her, but whether they acted out of animosity or an instinct for self-preservation has never been clear. After being tortured by Turkish soldiers Sarah escaped to her own home long enough to retrieve a hidden gun and shoot herself.Nothing is at it was, and perhaps it never was as Halkin supposed. In an empty house he finds a discarded, anonymous book, “Sarah, Flame of the Nili.” A little research reveals that the hagiography was written by Alexander Aaronsohn, Sarah's younger brother, who, Halkin also finds out, had a penchant for pubescent girls well beyond his own adolescence. The countryside was thinly populated and the grassgrew high; there are secrets in Zichron. At the end of the book, the town has health food stores, gift and antique shops and ice cream parlors. But it has lost its soul.A riot of names in "A Strange Death" sometimes threatens to overwhelm the reader -- as if Haikin wants to honor every inhabitant. The poet Stanley Kunitz once heard a voice telling him to “live in the layers.” Halkin's book lives wonderfully in the layers but the layers, of course -- a millennium or two of who did what to whom and when -- disturb everybody in his part of the world.1. In the beginning of the passage, the author tells us that ______.A. the colonists were always welcomed by the natives.B. the colonization will never be with a happy ending.C. the colonists hoped that there were always people on the new continents.D. the colonists hoped that they may perform ethnic cleansing on the new continents.2. Concerning the main characters, which statement is true?A. Aaronsohn and Sarah are relatives.B. The spy ring stands by the Turkish side.C. Sarah is captured at the end of the novel.D. Lishansky is caught and hanged by the British army.3. This book is ______.A. a spy story.B. with a happy ending.C. a story of a group of suppressed people.D. a story about a poor women.4. What is the main problem that puzzles the readers of the novel?A. Dull story.B. Complex relationship.C. Names.D. Sad ending.Passage 2One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic church and other ancient institutions, it is asking-still in private rather than in public whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admission, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990's. Should Harvard-or any other university-be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Yard.Walter Lip Mann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, defined the issue several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work.” He said, “they must be independent and they must be disinterested... They are places to which men can turn for judgments which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interest, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgment is impaired...”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation's ideals and actions together.Harvard's men of today seem more trebled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems but they are struggling with privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990's.5. According to the passage, universities like Harvard should ______.A. fight against militarism.B. take an active part in solving society's evils.C. support old and established institutions.D. involve themselves in politics.6. It can be inferred from the passage that in life's goal people of Harvard are becoming ______.A. less sure about it.B. more sure about it.C. less interested in it.D. more hopeful of it.7. The “paradoxes” in the passage mean ______.A. unusual situations.B. difficult puzzles.C. abnormal conditions.D. self-contradictions.8. In the author's opinion, the debate at Harvard ______.A. is a symbol of the general bewilderment.B. will soon be over.C. will influence the future life in America.D. is interesting to Harvard men and their friends.Passage 3In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon adsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules whichpromote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzaia, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Provinces had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of banning or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.9. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency to ______.A. take in the recently wealthyB. retreat within themselvesC. produce publications on mannersD. change the laws of etiquette10. Which of the following is NOT an element of the code of etiquette?A. Respect for ageB. Formal complimentsC. Proper introductions at social functionsD. Eating with a fork father than fingers11. According to the writer which of the following is put of chivalry? A knight should ______.A. inspire his lady to perform valiant deedsB. perform deeds which would inspire romantic songsC. express his love for his lady from a distanceD. regard his lady as strong and independent12. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of which country?A. EgyptB. 18th century FranceC. Renaissance ItalyD. EnglandPassage 4IBM has just announced the invention of the PAN—Personal Area Network—a set of devices that use humans as conductors to relay detailed textual information from one person to another, simply by touch. It is a relatively small conceptual step from the PAN processor that relays a written message through one's body by a shake of the hand to a microcell sensory transmission system that relays ideas and sensations directly to and from the most powerful processor in the world, the human brain.Within a few decades, PAN-type research will transform the Internet into the Life Net, a comprehensive sensory environment for human habitation. Our minds will be afforded wireless direct sensory interfacing with other people and various databases. A dramatically enhanced version of what we now call virtual reality will become as common as air conditioning. Telephones, TVs, PCs, and other media will be replaced by wireless sensory feeds from and to communal microcells.People return to the Internet each day not from addiction, but because they can craft a new identity for themselves—any identity they choose. Or they can participate in experiences that are otherwise beyond their reach. Consider the impact of a technology affording a lifestyle in which you can go wherever you want to go and be whoever you want to be.Today's office and service workers have diminished physical capabilities, but are better educated. The Life Net will accelerate this trend. The need to survive while spending weeks, months, or years on the Net would be drastically reduced.Resource depletion resulting from overpopulation will cease to be a major issue when we are subsisting on 600 calories a day in a sensory reality where we can eat all we want. Our mansions will be built in our minds, and our future Ferrairs will be driven along the roads of our collective imaginations. Our minds will work and play in ways now beyond our conception.Time constraints dissolve when we can communicate effortlessly anywhere in the world. Humans will require less sleep, since we will need only the time to file and store the information that our brains have collected, and not to rest physical bodies. The physical body will deteriorate to a state where a return to robust health would take months—if possible at ail.These technologies will be inexpensive. Life Net participation will consume far fewer resources than an automobile, and reduce our housing and other needs. This will help the Life Net expand into ThirdWorld countries. The equipment required for the microcellular sensory transmission technology will be modular, redundant, and like that for the Internet, incrementally inexpensive. Countries with overcrowding and famine would embrace the Life Net. Their resources would be extended, and planners would likely program the system to minimize the population's reproductive drive.People will still have jobs. There will be lots of work to do. People will want to consume the newest experiential sensations. Some food will need to be prepared, and equipment manufactured. Government will be divided into Geographical, Physical and Communicative. The responsibilities of the geographic governments will be to defend land masses and keep order in the physical world as much as they do today. The responsibilities of the communicative governments will be to administer, regulate and defend cyberspace.The communicative government will also be responsible for maintaining the input-output microcells. Various online services are already functioning as a form of communicative government today—with their monthly fees as taxes. As they mature, these communicative governments will develop better defenses against cyberspace terrorism, which may come from large and potentially violent anti-technology cults.Some people will have to remain physically active and strong, because of the nature of their labor. Tools and equipment will always break down and need repair, and some operations and experiments will require a hands-on approach. Manufacturers, natural resource harvesters and explorers of all sorts are likely to be visitors to the Life Net, rather than residents.Manufacturing will be dramatically reduced, because few people will need cars, clothing, physical tools, or countless other physical objects. Natural resource harvesters will work in every field from farming to mining. Yet as with manufacturing, the need for harvesting will decrease.Fifty years from now, reality will consist of some wonderful things, some beautiful things, and some deeply frightening things.13．What can we infer from the passage?A．Tools and equipment will never break down in future.B．There will be no physical jobs.C．Science will not exist in the future world.D．Science and technology will be more useful for human beings in future.14．What's the passage mainly about?A．Invention of the PAN. B．Virtual reality in future.C．Vision of the future. D．The fate of Internet.15．The tone of the author is ______ .A．imaginary B．humorous C．ironic D．pessimisticV. General Knowledge (10%)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. The capital of Ireland is ___________.A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. BelfastD. Dublin2. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by ___________.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Abraham LincolnC. George WashingtonD. Benjamin Franklin3. The real center of power in the British Parliament is ___________.A. the CrownB. the House of CommonsC. the House of LordsD. the Cabinet4. The head of State of New Zealand is ____________.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Governor-GeneralC. the British MonarchD. the Ombudsman5. Robert Burns was a(n) __________ poet.A. ScottishB. IrishC. AustralianD. Canadian6. Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse are novels of “stream of consciousness”written by _____________.A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. William FaulknerD. Henry James7. Which of the following writers is NOT a naturalist?A. Stephen CraneB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Mark Twain8. ___________ is the study of speech sounds in a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to rules governing pronunciation.A. PhoneticsB. LexicographyC. PhonologyD. Morphology9. The relation between “write” and “right” is called __________.A. hyponymyB. homonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy10. Transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is ___________’s great contribution to the development of linguistics.A. SaussureB. HallidayC. BloomfieldD. ChomskyVI. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song.I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is mom welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.。
苏州科技大学《高级英语AⅢ》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷
站名： 年级专业： 姓名： 学号：凡年级专业、姓名、学号错写、漏写或字迹不清者，成绩按零分记。
…………………………密………………………………封………………………………线…………………………苏州科技大学《高级英语AⅢ》2023-2024学年第一学期期末试卷1、This film is very with young people, which tells a really romantic story. A ．familiar B ．popular C ．similar D ．particular2、To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people ______ the idea. A ．supported B ．supporting C ．to support D ．having supported3、Peterson, a great archaeologist, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe that the ministry was ________ this problem, but we feel that we can't wait any longer.” A ．looking out B ．bringing out C ．carrying out D ．sorting out4、_____ to manage time wisely, and you can make the most out of each day. A ．Learning B ．To learn C ．Learned D ．Learn5、 public bicycles with a mobile app is more convenient for users. A ．To unlock B ．Unlock C ．Unlocked D ．Unlocking6、—Jack has been out of consciousness since the accident.Will he come to himself ，doctor? —It’s going to be tough but we antic ipate that he will . A ．put through B ．pull through C ．put over D ．pull over7、Due to the reform and opening-up, our living conditions, undoubtedly, have improved ________ over the past decades.A ．consideratelyB ．approximatelyC ．appropriatelyD ．considerably8、__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake. A ．Did I persuade B ．If I persuadeC ．If I should persuadeD ．Had I persuaded9、Mary felt from the outside world, since she lacked an Internet connection and couldn’t receive any e-mail. A ．cut down B ．cut in C ．cut offD ．cut out10、So far, more than 1300 hotels in Europe, Africa, Middle East region have committed to _________ in the event, with many more ________ to join the effort. A ．participating; expectingB ．participate; to expectC ．participating; expectedD ．participate; to be expected第二部分 阅读理解（满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
高级英语期末试题及答案
高级英语期末试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. Choose the best word to fill in the blank.（每题1分，共5分）(1) The _______ of the old building was so beautiful that it attracted many tourists.A. architectureB. architectC. architecturesD. architectingAnswer: A(2) She was _______ to find her favorite book in the library.A. delightedB. delightC. delightingD. delightfulAnswer: A(3) The _______ of the company is to provide high-quality products to customers.A. purposeB. proposeC. proposalD. proposementAnswer: A(4) He _______ his opinion on the matter during the meeting.A. voicedB. noisedC. voiceddD. noisingAnswer: A(5) The _______ of the river is a popular spot for fishing.A. banksB. bankC. bankingD. bankedAnswer: A2. Rewrite the following sentences using the correct grammatical structure.（每题2分，共10分）(1) She is not only a talented musician but also a successful entrepreneur.- She is a talented musician and also a successful entrepreneur.(2) The book was so interesting that I read it in one sitting.- I read the book in one sitting because it was so interesting.(3) He has been working on this project since last year. - This project has been ongoing since last year.(4) Despite the heavy rain, they continued their journey. - They continued their journey despite the heavy rain.(5) The company has made a significant progress this year. - Significant progress has been made by the company this year.二、阅读理解（共30分）1. Read the following passage and answer the questions.（每题2分，共10分）Passage: [Passage content not provided](1) What is the main idea of the passage?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](2) According to the passage, what were the consequences of the event described?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](3) What does the author suggest about the future of the subject discussed?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](4) What is one example given in the passage to illustratea point?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content](5) How does the author develop the argument in the passage?Answer: [Answer based on the passage content]2. Choose the best title for the passage.（每题5分，共10分）(1) [Passage content not provided]A. Title Option 1B. Title Option 2C. Title Option 3D. Title Option 4Answer: [Choose the most appropriate title](2) [Passage content not provided]A. Title Option 1B. Title Option 2C. Title Option 3D. Title Option 4Answer: [Choose the most appropriate title]三、完形填空（共20分）1. Read the following passage and choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentences.（每空1分，共20分）Passage: [Passage content not provided][Provide the passage with blanks and the corresponding options for each blank]Answer: [Provide the correct word for each blank]四、翻译（共20分）1. Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.（每题5分，共10分）(1) The rapid development of technology has changed our lives in many ways.Answer: 技术快速发展在很多方面改变了我们的生活。