六年级下册总复习讲义

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六年级下册总复习讲义

一、形容词的比较级用法

(一)形容词的比较级变化规则:

(1)一般的单音节词变化比较级直接加“er”;

如: small—smaller short—shorter tall—taller

(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的单音节形容词变化比较级直接加“r”;

如: nice—nicer large—larger

(3)以重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)结构的形容词变比较级,先双写末尾的辅音

字母再直接加“er”;

如: big—bigger hot—hotter fat—fatter thin—thinner

(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节形容词变比较级,先把末尾的字母“y”变成“i”再加“er”;

如:easy—easier heavy—heavier happy—happier

(5)一般的多音节形容词变比较级时在其前面直接加“more”;

如:interesting—more interesting beautiful—more beautiful

(6)常用的不规则形容词比较级:

如:good—better many/much—more

(二)形容词比较级的用法

公式:A+be+形容词的比较级+than+B (A比B更……)

如:This tree is taller than that one.

ZhangPeng is heavier than John.

Mike is 4cm taller than me.

二、一般过去时的用法:

(一)一般过去时的定义:表示在过去的时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

(二)一般过去时的构成:主语+动词过去式+其它部分

(三)一般过去时的标志性时间状语:yesterday, ago, last night / year / week,如:I went to bookstore yesterday.

T here were many beautifui flowers in the park last year.

(四)一般过去时动词的变化规则:be动词和一般动词

(1)be动词的变化规则:am/is—was are—were

陈述句:肯定句和否定句

A:肯定句构成:主语+be动词过去式(was/were)+其它

如:Lisa was in America last year. Lisa去年在美国。

There were many beautifui flowers in the park last year.去年在这个公园里有很多漂亮

的花。

B:否定句构成:主语be动词过去式(was/were)+not+其它。(自己举例)

一般疑问句:直接将was/were提到句子的开头,句末用问号.(注意:一提二变三问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were;否定回答:No,主语+ was/were+not.

如:Was Lisa in America last year?

Yes, Lisa was./ No, Lisa was not(wasn’t).

Were there many beautiful flowers in the park last year?

Yes,there were./ No, there were not(weren’t).

(2)一般动词的变化规则:

A.一般在动词后直接加-ed;

如: play—played cook—cooked wash—washed watch—watched

B.在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d;

如:like—liked hate — hated love —loved

C.在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed;

如:study—studied.

D.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的的重读闭音节,先双写末尾的辅音字母再加“ed”;

如: stop—stopped plan—planned

E.常用的不规则动词变化规则:(见六年级下册p69)

陈述句:肯定句和否定句

肯定句的构成:主语+动词过去式+其它

如: We played football on Sunday.

I stayed at home and watched TV.

否定句的构成:主语+did+not+动词原形+其它

(要将肯定句变成否定句,要借助于助动词did,将did用于主语后面再加否定词not,后面的动词过去式恢复原形)

如:We did not(didn’t)playfootball on Sunday.

I did not(didn’t)stay at home and watched TV.

疑问句:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它?

(一般过去时的一般疑问句要借助于助动词did,将did提到主语的前面,后面的动词过去式恢复原形,句末用问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+did;否定回答:No,主语+did not(didn’t)如:Did you play football with Zhang peng?

Yes,I did./No, I did not(didn’t).

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?

如:What did you do last weekend?

Where did you go yesterday?

注意:常用的特殊疑问词what(表事情)/where(表地点)/when(表时间)/who(表人物)/why (表原因)/how(表方式方法)

三、一般将来时的用法

(一)一般将来时的定义:表示将要发生的事情或状态。(常和表示将来的时间状语连用在一起)

(二)一般将来时的构成:主语+be动词+going to+动词原形+其它。(注意:be动词是根据句子的主语而变化的)

(三)一般将来时的时间状语:tomorrow/next week/next year/this morning/this evening/tonight

(四)一般将来时的陈述句:肯定句和否定句

(1)肯定句:主语+be动词+going to+动词原形+其它

如: I’m going to draw some pictures.

Mike is going to buy his favourite comic book.

We are going to the cinema this evening.

(2)否定句:主语+ be动词+not+going to+动词原形+其它(自己举例)

(五)一般将来时的一般疑问句: be动词+主语+going to +动词原形+其它?(也就是将be动词提到主语的前面,后面的照写上,句末用问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+be动词;否定回答:No,主语+be动词+not;

如: Is Mike going to buy his favourite comic book?

Yes,he is./ No,he isn’t.

Are you going to draw some pictures?

Yes,I am./No, I ’m not.

(五)一般将来时的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ be动词+主语+going to +动词原形+其它?如: What are you going to do tomorrow?

Where are we going?

When are you going to see a film?

四、动词ing形式的变化规则:

(1)一般情况下直接在动词后面直接加“ing”;

如:do —doing play—playing go—going read—reading

(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的动词要去掉字母“e”再加“ing”;

如:like—liking write—writing make—making dance—dancing

(3)以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,要双写最后一个辅音字母再加“ing”;

如:sit—sitting swim—swimming run—running cut—cutting

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