六年级下册总复习讲义
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六年级下册总复习讲义
一、形容词的比较级用法
(一)形容词的比较级变化规则:
(1)一般的单音节词变化比较级直接加“er”;
如: small—smaller short—shorter tall—taller
(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的单音节形容词变化比较级直接加“r”;
如: nice—nicer large—larger
(3)以重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)结构的形容词变比较级,先双写末尾的辅音
字母再直接加“er”;
如: big—bigger hot—hotter fat—fatter thin—thinner
(4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节形容词变比较级,先把末尾的字母“y”变成“i”再加“er”;
如:easy—easier heavy—heavier happy—happier
(5)一般的多音节形容词变比较级时在其前面直接加“more”;
如:interesting—more interesting beautiful—more beautiful
(6)常用的不规则形容词比较级:
如:good—better many/much—more
(二)形容词比较级的用法
公式:A+be+形容词的比较级+than+B (A比B更……)
如:This tree is taller than that one.
ZhangPeng is heavier than John.
Mike is 4cm taller than me.
二、一般过去时的用法:
(一)一般过去时的定义:表示在过去的时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
(二)一般过去时的构成:主语+动词过去式+其它部分
(三)一般过去时的标志性时间状语:yesterday, ago, last night / year / week,如:I went to bookstore yesterday.
T here were many beautifui flowers in the park last year.
(四)一般过去时动词的变化规则:be动词和一般动词
(1)be动词的变化规则:am/is—was are—were
陈述句:肯定句和否定句
A:肯定句构成:主语+be动词过去式(was/were)+其它
如:Lisa was in America last year. Lisa去年在美国。
There were many beautifui flowers in the park last year.去年在这个公园里有很多漂亮
的花。
B:否定句构成:主语be动词过去式(was/were)+not+其它。(自己举例)
一般疑问句:直接将was/were提到句子的开头,句末用问号.(注意:一提二变三问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+was/were;否定回答:No,主语+ was/were+not.
如:Was Lisa in America last year?
Yes, Lisa was./ No, Lisa was not(wasn’t).
Were there many beautiful flowers in the park last year?
Yes,there were./ No, there were not(weren’t).
(2)一般动词的变化规则:
A.一般在动词后直接加-ed;
如: play—played cook—cooked wash—washed watch—watched
B.在以字母e结尾的动词后,只加-d;
如:like—liked hate — hated love —loved
C.在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后,则改y为i,再加—ed;
如:study—studied.
D.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的的重读闭音节,先双写末尾的辅音字母再加“ed”;
如: stop—stopped plan—planned
E.常用的不规则动词变化规则:(见六年级下册p69)
陈述句:肯定句和否定句
肯定句的构成:主语+动词过去式+其它
如: We played football on Sunday.
I stayed at home and watched TV.
否定句的构成:主语+did+not+动词原形+其它
(要将肯定句变成否定句,要借助于助动词did,将did用于主语后面再加否定词not,后面的动词过去式恢复原形)
如:We did not(didn’t)playfootball on Sunday.
I did not(didn’t)stay at home and watched TV.
疑问句:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它?
(一般过去时的一般疑问句要借助于助动词did,将did提到主语的前面,后面的动词过去式恢复原形,句末用问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+did;否定回答:No,主语+did not(didn’t)如:Did you play football with Zhang peng?
Yes,I did./No, I did not(didn’t).
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?
如:What did you do last weekend?
Where did you go yesterday?
注意:常用的特殊疑问词what(表事情)/where(表地点)/when(表时间)/who(表人物)/why (表原因)/how(表方式方法)
三、一般将来时的用法
(一)一般将来时的定义:表示将要发生的事情或状态。(常和表示将来的时间状语连用在一起)
(二)一般将来时的构成:主语+be动词+going to+动词原形+其它。(注意:be动词是根据句子的主语而变化的)
(三)一般将来时的时间状语:tomorrow/next week/next year/this morning/this evening/tonight
(四)一般将来时的陈述句:肯定句和否定句
(1)肯定句:主语+be动词+going to+动词原形+其它
如: I’m going to draw some pictures.
Mike is going to buy his favourite comic book.
We are going to the cinema this evening.
(2)否定句:主语+ be动词+not+going to+动词原形+其它(自己举例)
(五)一般将来时的一般疑问句: be动词+主语+going to +动词原形+其它?(也就是将be动词提到主语的前面,后面的照写上,句末用问号),肯定回答:Yes,主语+be动词;否定回答:No,主语+be动词+not;
如: Is Mike going to buy his favourite comic book?
Yes,he is./ No,he isn’t.
Are you going to draw some pictures?
Yes,I am./No, I ’m not.
(五)一般将来时的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ be动词+主语+going to +动词原形+其它?如: What are you going to do tomorrow?
Where are we going?
When are you going to see a film?
四、动词ing形式的变化规则:
(1)一般情况下直接在动词后面直接加“ing”;
如:do —doing play—playing go—going read—reading
(2)以不发音字母“e”结尾的动词要去掉字母“e”再加“ing”;
如:like—liking write—writing make—making dance—dancing
(3)以元音字母加辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,要双写最后一个辅音字母再加“ing”;
如:sit—sitting swim—swimming run—running cut—cutting