语义与词义的关系

Theme: On relationship between meaning and context

语义和语境的关系

Abstract

Context is a popular research subject in modern linguistics. On the basis of the study of precursors about context, the thesis reviews and discusses a series of questions about the definition, classification, constitution of context and its important function in word meaning.Due to the close relationship between context and language and the great influence of context on word meaning, we should use their close relationship to develop our ability to infer word meaning from context, which would be helpful to vocabulary learning.

【Key words】Context ；Word Meaning ；V ocabulary Learning ；

摘要语境是现代语言学中的一个热门的研究课题。论文是在前人对语境问题研究的基础上,对语境的定义、分类、构成要素及语境在词语意义中的作用等一系列问题进行了回顾与探讨,并将语境分为语言语境和非语言语境两大类。笔者认为由于语境对词语意义有着重要的影响和制约作用，建议利用语境推测词义来帮助词汇在语境中理解和学习。

关键词:语境词义词汇学习

Introduce

Word meaning is closely related to context. The relationship between word meaning and context plays an important role in learning vocabulary. In this paper, I will first give a brief introduction to word meaning and context, then explain the type of word meaning and context, next analyse the impact of context on word meaning and finally focus on the application to the language learning.

1.The Definition and Significance of the Context:

Context is of paramount importance for the understanding of word-meaning because the meaning is influenced immediately by the linguistic environment,and in many cases by the whole speech situation as well. Without context,there is no way to determine the meaning that the speaker intends to convey,whereas with context and the context there is generally no danger of misinterpretation,for meaning lives in context and the context throws light on meaning.

2.Types of Word Meaning and Context

2.1M ain Types of Word Meaning

The main types of word meaning include：Grammatical meaning、Denotative meaning、Connotative meaning、Social or stylistic meaning、Affective meaning and Reflected meaning.Word meaning depends on context. Different contexts give words different meanings. Therefore we shall pay close attention to the specific context.

2.2Two Types of Context

Generally speaking, there are two types of context: linguistic and non- linguistic (extra- linguistic) context, therefore the meanings of words, especially those of polygamous words may be viewed as determined either by linguistic contexts or non- linguistic contexts.

2. 2.1L inguistic context

The four types of linguistic context are the phonological, lexical, grammatical, and verbal context in its broad sense.

(1) Phonological context:refers to intonation, stress, pause, transition or rhythm which is used to determine different meanings. For example, a sick nurse, if both“sick”and“nurse”are stressed, it means a nurse who is sick. I f only“sick”is stressed, it implies a nurse who looks after the sick. (2) lexical context: refers to the lexical items combined with a given polysemous word.It is