《故都的秋》英文翻译赏析
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本文以郁达夫的《故都的秋》 (Autumn in Peiping)一文的第一、 二段为例,并以张培基和王椒升的 译文为蓝本(张培基的译文下称译 文1,王椒升的译文下称译文2), 探讨主题及主题倾向关联性语境融 合对翻译实践的制约。
社会背景
《故都的秋》一文写于1934年,当时中国处于 国民党统治之下。1931年9月18日后,由于白色 恐怖的威胁,郁达夫避居杭州,写了大量的 寄情山水,排遣郁闷的散文。《故都的秋》 便是再次饱尝了故都的秋“味”写下的优美 散文。
savor:准确表达了细细品尝某样东西(文中指“秋”)的味道
The trouble of: trouble一词太过消极,作者并没有将旅行视为trouble。 Make light of :despise , set sth. down, 表示对于千里的行程作者并不在 乎,只要能看到北之秋,再远的行程作者都可以不顾。从“不过想”来 看,作者很潇洒愉悦的面对迢迢千里,用make light of 更能表达作 者感情。
melancholy更能让人忧郁,心生悲凄。此处作者说北之秋来的悲凉,暗 藏着自己内心深处的思想愁绪,用melancholy最为恰当。
我的不远千里,要从杭州赶上青岛,更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由,也不 过想饱尝一尝这“秋”,这故都的秋味。 译文1: To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of traveling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping. 译文2: It was for not other purpose than to savour this autumn to the full, the taste of autumn in the old capital, that I went to the trouble of journeying a thousand li, from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Beijing. 译文3: I made light of travelling a thousand li from Hangzhou to Qingdao and from Qingdao to Beijing for no special purpose other than to taste autumn to the fullest, the autumn in the old capital city.
如何具体化?
可是啊,北国的秋,Biblioteka Baidu特别地来得清,来得静 ,来得悲凉。
清 静 秋高气爽 静谧宁静
悲凉
悲哀凄凉
这三个词在作者所处的特定年代下,即白色恐怖四 处横行的年代,清静、安宁是作者期盼向往的,翻 译时所选词汇应与社会文化语境相符
可是啊,北国的秋,却特别地来得清,来得静,来得悲凉。
译文1:In north China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy. 译文2:But autumn in the North is especially clear, especially serene, especially pathetic in its coolness. 译文3:However, the autumn in northern China is exceptionally clear, calm and solitary.
总是好的: 虽然不及北平的秋天好,但总是有可取之处。主题倾向“北平的秋 更特别,更让人眷恋”译为:always has something to recommend itself .更好。
可是啊,北国的秋,却特别地来得清,来得静 ,来得悲凉。 北国的秋的特色 清、静、悲凉 本语篇的主题性关联线索词 翻译的难点
秋天,无论在什么地方的秋天,总是好的;
译文1:Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. 译文2:Autumn is always pleasant no matter where it is. pleasant: enjoyable , nice or attractive. 译文3:Autumn is always beautiful no matter where it is.
故都的秋
秋天,无论在什么地方的秋天,总是好的;可是啊,
北国的秋,却特别地来得清,来得静,来得悲凉。 我的不远千里,要从杭州赶上青岛,更要从青岛赶 上北平来的理由,也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”,这 故都的秋味。 江南,秋当然也是有的;但草木凋得慢,空气来得 润,天的颜色显得淡,并且又时常多雨而少风;一 个人夹在苏州上海杭州,或厦门香港广州的市民中 间,浑浑沌沌地过去,只能感到一点点清凉,秋的 味,秋的色,秋的意境与姿态,总看不饱,尝不透, 赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花,也并不是美酒,那 一种半开、半醉的状态,在领略秋的过程上,是不 合适的。
serene:可以让人体会到作者当时内心渴望幽静,免受干扰, 内心安宁的心情
悲凉: Melancholy : an intense feeling of sadness which lasts for a long time and which strongly affects your behavior and attitudes. Pathetic : if you describe a person or animal as pathetic ,you mean that they are sad and weak or helpless , and they make you feel very sorry for them. Solitary: (a) alone, without companions (b) fond of being alone, used to being alone.
“千里”系虚数,无须将该词翻成“a thousand li” For not other purpose \for no special purpose 更接近“不过想”的意 义,相比之下to就显得有些单薄,不能深入地表达作者品秋的心愿。
尝: enjoy: get pleasure from … savor:enjoy the taste or flavor of sth., esp. by eating or drinking it slowly taste: be able to perceive (flavors),test the flavor of sth
清: clear :bright, luminous; cloudless; free from mist, haze, or dust limpid :marked by transparency; clear and simple in style; absolutely serene and untroubled limpid:更能表达出“清”字在此处传达的意境
静: serene: 1. a : clear and free of storms or unpleasant change安详的 b : shining bright and steady 平静晴朗的 2. marked by or suggestive of utter calm and unruffled repose or quietude安静的,祥和的 calm: n.steadiness of mind under stress作为名词,表示头脑的冷静 理智