房地产企业财务风险及其防范

房地产企业财务风险及其防范

摘要

上个世纪九十年代，房屋住宅逐渐商品化，在二十多年的发展后，房地产行业在我国经济发展中充当排头兵的作用，成为我国经济的支柱型产业，发挥了非常大的作用。虽然我国房地产行业的发展十分迅速，是新一代的经济热点，是带动中国GDP增长的核心行业，但同时，投资资金增长的背后也存在很多问题。从房地产行业本身的特点来看，行业具有资金需求量大，使用周期长，财务关系复杂等特点，这使房地产行业相比于其他行业更容易受到财务风险的影响。我国房地产行业环境也并不稳定，宏观调控和金融危机都使得房地产行业所处的环境变得更加复杂和更加充满不确定性。所以房地产企业不能轻视财务风险带来的影响，还要对其合理分析，保障各类风险措施的完整和有效。这也成为了促进房地产行业发展的一个重要的问题。

本文研究的实例是我国一家房地产上市公司——A公司，研究的主要内容是企业的财务风险分析，研究思路按照“资料收集→基本情况分析→财务风险分析→风险因素归纳→提出风险防范建议”展开。研究该课题的过程不仅对本人掌握相应的研究方法大有助益，更产生了许多对房地产行业财务风险情况分析的新思路，在今后的工作生活中具有实用价值。

关键词：财务风险风险分析财务比率模型分析

Abstract

In the nineties of the last century，houses and residence become more and more commercialized.After more than twenty years，with the development of the real estate，it plays a more and more important role in the economy of our country. The real estate is now a hot spot in the new generation of economy,and to promote China's GDP growth in the core industry.Although the development is very rapid,there are also a lot of problems.From the characteristics of the real estate industry itself,it has a large demand for funds, the use of long cycle, complex financial relationships and other characteristics, which makes real estate industry compared to other industries are more vulnerable to the impact of financial

risk.Therefore,our enterprises can not underestimate the impact of financial risks, but should also use rational analysis, to ensure the integrity and effectiveness of various types of risk measures. This has become an important issue to promote the development of the real estate industry.

The example of this paper is a real estate listing Corporation - A company, the main content of the study is the enterprise's financial risk analysis.Research ideas in accordance with the data collection, analysis of the basic situation, financial risk analysis, risk factors, and puts the risk prevention recommendations forward.The subject of the research not only help me to master relevant research methods,but also produced a new train of thought of many of the real estate industry financial risk analysis, and it has practical value in the future work life.

Keywords ：financial risk risk analysis financial ratios analysis model

引言

近十年来，我国综合国力不断提高，国民生产总值增幅保持在高位，经济快速发展，人民生活水平稳步上升，国家越来越重视城市化和工业化发展。房地产行业也迎来了他的春天。作为经济发展的支柱型行业，中国经济得以快速发展，房地产行业功不可没。在房地产行业的带动下，建材、钢铁等行业陆续崛起。随着房地产市场的蓬勃发展，广大的社会资本源源不断的投入房地产行业，但凡事都要未雨绸缪，随着资本的增加，资金链的变长，财务风险的问题在在房地产行业中浮现，在金融危机的催化下，价格过高的问题在我国房地产行业中显现，政府出台了各种政策来给房地产行业“去泡沫”，力争让房地产行业在正轨上发展。房地产上市公司2012年的TOP10报告中指出：“为了使房价达到正常水平，保证调控结果，政府部门将继续加强调控力度。” “第一家在最近一轮政策调控中破产的房地产公司于2012年4月产生，杭州金星房地产公司。杭州楼市的变动被视为全国房地产行业的代表，业内人士纷纷怀疑这是否会引起连锁反应，令房地产行业陷入更加艰难的境地。”