法律英语 第七课 刑法
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or a bystander, or a police officer. ▪ 手枪意外走火，杀死被抢劫的受害者、旁观者或警
察
▪ A dangerous crime as robbery satisfies the requirement of malice
▪ 抢劫这样的危险犯罪构成恶意的条件
2021/4/2
▪ 在抢劫犯罪或试图逃跑的过程中，一个强盗的 同伙故意杀死人，那么该强盗也属于有恶意。
2021/4/2
法律英语
25
Co-felons guilty of murder 重罪共犯谋杀
▪ In the course of an exchange of shots between robbers and the police, a police officer is accidentally killed by another officer.
2021/4/2
法律英语
7
Words
justifiable 合法的、正当的 justifiable defense justifiable homicide
刑罚名称：
death penalty
death penalty with a reprieve
penalty for life
fixed-term imprisonment
Lesson Seven
Criminal Law
2021/4/2
法律英语
1
Laws are generally found to be nets of such a texture, as the little creep through, the great break through, and the middle-sized are alone entangled in .
2021/4/2
法律英语
19
Malice
▪ Express malice——明示恶意
▪ Implied malice——暗示恶意
A deliberate intention to take
away the life of a fellow creature 故意剥夺他人生命
No considerable provocation 没有出现相当程度的挑衅
manslaughter
非恶意杀人 非预谋杀人
2021/4/2
法律英语
17
The elements of the crimes of murder Courts decisions
Legislatures
Common law
Separate statute
2021/4/2
Criminal code
▪ Felony – murder ：a murder that occurs
while the accused is in the act of committing another felony, such as armed robbery. Felony murder carries a heavier sentence than plain murder.
▪ 在抢劫者与警察的交火过程中，一个警察意 外地被另一个警察打死。
2021/4/2
法律英语
26
每个参与者都有恶意
The dangerousness of the robbery itself
Act as an agent for the others in accomplishing their objective
2021/4/2
法律英语
21
Penalty for murder
▪ Death ▪ 死刑 ▪ Prison terms extending to “life” ▪ 终身监禁 ▪ Prison to a special number of years ▪ 一定年限的监禁
2021/4/2
法律英语
22
(a) Felony – murder 重罪恶意谋杀
29
First degree murder
▪ A “willful, deliberate and premeditated” killing, such as a poisoning or a killing during the commission of a dangerous felony
没有严重过失
2021/4/2
法律英语
16
Criminal homicide——有罪杀人
▪ A killing amounts to a criminal homicide when it done without lawful justification or excuse.
murder
恶意杀人 谋杀
★ 合理辩护理由：未成年；错误；精神不正常；醉酒状态； 被迫行为；正当防卫；紧急避险；警察圈套。
2021/4/2
法律英语
4
Background
★ 美国刑法的具体犯罪可以粗略的分为四个部分： 侵犯人身罪、侵犯财产罪、刑法典中的其他犯罪以及职业性 经济犯罪。
2021/4/2
法律英语
5
Words
crime n. 罪行；罪恶；恶行 criminal n.& adj. 罪犯、犯人； 犯罪的
– William Shensto, British poet
人们通常会发现，法律就是这样的一种 网，触犯法律的人，小的可以穿网而过， 大的可以破网而出，只有中等的才会坠 入网中。
– 英国诗人 申斯通 W
2021/4/2
法律英语
2
▪ It is better to fight for justice than to rail at the ill.
法律英语
24
Baidu Nhomakorabea
Malice
▪ Malice may also be attributed to a robber whose partner in the crime intentionally kills someone during the commission of the crime or the attempted escape.
2021/4/2
法律英语
6
Words
criminal case criminal group criminal procedure at first instance criminal procedure at second instance
commit v 犯（罪）从事 commit armed robbery commit murder commit a new crime
▪ http://www.legal-dictionary.org/
2021/4/2
法律英语
23
▪ Killing during the course of a felony such as robbery. ▪ 在抢劫这样的重罪过程中杀人 ▪ Gun goes off accidentally killing the robbery victim,
a forcible felony ▪ 警察预防暴力性重罪 ▪ To prevent a dangerous felon escaping ▪ 防止危险的重罪犯逃跑
2021/4/2
法律英语
15
Excusable homicide
▪ A person accidentally and without gross negligence causes the death of another individual.
penal servitude
put (sb.) under public surveillance
2021/4/2
法律英语
8
▪ CLICK TO ADD TEXT
2021/4/2
法律英语
9
Background
▪ Model Penal Code
▪ Model Penal Code was created by a group of law professors, judges, and lawyers to offer a comprehensive revision of the criminal law. The Model Penal Code is not law and has no binding effect. It has, however, been the model for many state criminal codes and has been very influential on state and local legislators.
Alfreds Tennyson, British writer
▪ 与其责骂罪恶，不如伸张正义。
英国作家 丁尼生 A
2021/4/2
法律英语
3
Background
★ 美国刑法的主要渊源是：联邦宪法、源于英国并且在各州 得到不同发展的关于惩罚犯罪的普通法、州刑法和联邦刑 法。但是刑法主要还是属于各州的司法管辖权范围。
▪ http://www.legal-definitions.com/model-penal-
code.htm
2021/4/2
法律英语
10
刑法的三个主要问题
➢ Crime—felony; misdemeanor
▪ Punishment – guidelines for sentencing (量 刑指南)
crime against humanity
crime by taking advantage of credit cards/duty
crime concerning securities/VAT invoices
crime of auditors providing falsified certification crime of homicide
▪ Not all homicides are criminal. ▪ Justifiable homicide
——正当杀人 ▪ Excusable homicide
——可宽恕的杀人
2021/4/2
法律英语
14
Justifiable homicide
▪ Self-defense ▪ 正当防卫 ▪ Police officer ……to prevent the commission of
▪ Criminal liability
Capital punishment
DEATH PENALTY
2021/4/2
法律英语
11
2021/4/2
法律英语
12
Insanity defense 精神不正常辩护
Ronald Reagan
J20o21h/4/2n Hinckley
法律英语
13
TEXT Homicide
▪ Varying penalties for murder
First degree murder
punishable by death or long imprisonment
Second degree murder
punishable with a lesser penalty
2021/4/2
法律英语
2021/4/2
法律英语
27
Death penalty 死刑
▪ 在一些废除了死刑的州，考虑到只要 有杀人的结果，对抢劫的处罚就应该 重得多，因此，立法机关规定，对杀 人抢劫的处罚比无致命抢劫的处罚多 15年以上。
2021/4/2
法律英语
28
(b) Degrees of murder 恶意杀人罪的等级
法律英语
18
1. Murder
▪ Killing a human being with “malice” 恶意、 预谋杀人
California Penal Code
SECTION 187-199 ：Murder is the unlawful killing of a human being, or a fetus, with malice aforethought.
An abandoned and malignant heart
2021/4/2
冷酷邪法恶律英语的心
20
Express malice vs. Implied malice
Push another off the side of a mountain
Fire a rifle at a moving passenger train
▪ 有意的、故意的、有预谋的杀人，比如投毒， 或者在危险的重罪发生过程中杀人。
2021/4/2
法律英语
30
Common law
察
▪ A dangerous crime as robbery satisfies the requirement of malice
▪ 抢劫这样的危险犯罪构成恶意的条件
2021/4/2
▪ 在抢劫犯罪或试图逃跑的过程中，一个强盗的 同伙故意杀死人，那么该强盗也属于有恶意。
2021/4/2
法律英语
25
Co-felons guilty of murder 重罪共犯谋杀
▪ In the course of an exchange of shots between robbers and the police, a police officer is accidentally killed by another officer.
2021/4/2
法律英语
7
Words
justifiable 合法的、正当的 justifiable defense justifiable homicide
刑罚名称：
death penalty
death penalty with a reprieve
penalty for life
fixed-term imprisonment
Lesson Seven
Criminal Law
2021/4/2
法律英语
1
Laws are generally found to be nets of such a texture, as the little creep through, the great break through, and the middle-sized are alone entangled in .
2021/4/2
法律英语
19
Malice
▪ Express malice——明示恶意
▪ Implied malice——暗示恶意
A deliberate intention to take
away the life of a fellow creature 故意剥夺他人生命
No considerable provocation 没有出现相当程度的挑衅
manslaughter
非恶意杀人 非预谋杀人
2021/4/2
法律英语
17
The elements of the crimes of murder Courts decisions
Legislatures
Common law
Separate statute
2021/4/2
Criminal code
▪ Felony – murder ：a murder that occurs
while the accused is in the act of committing another felony, such as armed robbery. Felony murder carries a heavier sentence than plain murder.
▪ 在抢劫者与警察的交火过程中，一个警察意 外地被另一个警察打死。
2021/4/2
法律英语
26
每个参与者都有恶意
The dangerousness of the robbery itself
Act as an agent for the others in accomplishing their objective
2021/4/2
法律英语
21
Penalty for murder
▪ Death ▪ 死刑 ▪ Prison terms extending to “life” ▪ 终身监禁 ▪ Prison to a special number of years ▪ 一定年限的监禁
2021/4/2
法律英语
22
(a) Felony – murder 重罪恶意谋杀
29
First degree murder
▪ A “willful, deliberate and premeditated” killing, such as a poisoning or a killing during the commission of a dangerous felony
没有严重过失
2021/4/2
法律英语
16
Criminal homicide——有罪杀人
▪ A killing amounts to a criminal homicide when it done without lawful justification or excuse.
murder
恶意杀人 谋杀
★ 合理辩护理由：未成年；错误；精神不正常；醉酒状态； 被迫行为；正当防卫；紧急避险；警察圈套。
2021/4/2
法律英语
4
Background
★ 美国刑法的具体犯罪可以粗略的分为四个部分： 侵犯人身罪、侵犯财产罪、刑法典中的其他犯罪以及职业性 经济犯罪。
2021/4/2
法律英语
5
Words
crime n. 罪行；罪恶；恶行 criminal n.& adj. 罪犯、犯人； 犯罪的
– William Shensto, British poet
人们通常会发现，法律就是这样的一种 网，触犯法律的人，小的可以穿网而过， 大的可以破网而出，只有中等的才会坠 入网中。
– 英国诗人 申斯通 W
2021/4/2
法律英语
2
▪ It is better to fight for justice than to rail at the ill.
法律英语
24
Baidu Nhomakorabea
Malice
▪ Malice may also be attributed to a robber whose partner in the crime intentionally kills someone during the commission of the crime or the attempted escape.
2021/4/2
法律英语
6
Words
criminal case criminal group criminal procedure at first instance criminal procedure at second instance
commit v 犯（罪）从事 commit armed robbery commit murder commit a new crime
▪ http://www.legal-dictionary.org/
2021/4/2
法律英语
23
▪ Killing during the course of a felony such as robbery. ▪ 在抢劫这样的重罪过程中杀人 ▪ Gun goes off accidentally killing the robbery victim,
a forcible felony ▪ 警察预防暴力性重罪 ▪ To prevent a dangerous felon escaping ▪ 防止危险的重罪犯逃跑
2021/4/2
法律英语
15
Excusable homicide
▪ A person accidentally and without gross negligence causes the death of another individual.
penal servitude
put (sb.) under public surveillance
2021/4/2
法律英语
8
▪ CLICK TO ADD TEXT
2021/4/2
法律英语
9
Background
▪ Model Penal Code
▪ Model Penal Code was created by a group of law professors, judges, and lawyers to offer a comprehensive revision of the criminal law. The Model Penal Code is not law and has no binding effect. It has, however, been the model for many state criminal codes and has been very influential on state and local legislators.
Alfreds Tennyson, British writer
▪ 与其责骂罪恶，不如伸张正义。
英国作家 丁尼生 A
2021/4/2
法律英语
3
Background
★ 美国刑法的主要渊源是：联邦宪法、源于英国并且在各州 得到不同发展的关于惩罚犯罪的普通法、州刑法和联邦刑 法。但是刑法主要还是属于各州的司法管辖权范围。
▪ http://www.legal-definitions.com/model-penal-
code.htm
2021/4/2
法律英语
10
刑法的三个主要问题
➢ Crime—felony; misdemeanor
▪ Punishment – guidelines for sentencing (量 刑指南)
crime against humanity
crime by taking advantage of credit cards/duty
crime concerning securities/VAT invoices
crime of auditors providing falsified certification crime of homicide
▪ Not all homicides are criminal. ▪ Justifiable homicide
——正当杀人 ▪ Excusable homicide
——可宽恕的杀人
2021/4/2
法律英语
14
Justifiable homicide
▪ Self-defense ▪ 正当防卫 ▪ Police officer ……to prevent the commission of
▪ Criminal liability
Capital punishment
DEATH PENALTY
2021/4/2
法律英语
11
2021/4/2
法律英语
12
Insanity defense 精神不正常辩护
Ronald Reagan
J20o21h/4/2n Hinckley
法律英语
13
TEXT Homicide
▪ Varying penalties for murder
First degree murder
punishable by death or long imprisonment
Second degree murder
punishable with a lesser penalty
2021/4/2
法律英语
2021/4/2
法律英语
27
Death penalty 死刑
▪ 在一些废除了死刑的州，考虑到只要 有杀人的结果，对抢劫的处罚就应该 重得多，因此，立法机关规定，对杀 人抢劫的处罚比无致命抢劫的处罚多 15年以上。
2021/4/2
法律英语
28
(b) Degrees of murder 恶意杀人罪的等级
法律英语
18
1. Murder
▪ Killing a human being with “malice” 恶意、 预谋杀人
California Penal Code
SECTION 187-199 ：Murder is the unlawful killing of a human being, or a fetus, with malice aforethought.
An abandoned and malignant heart
2021/4/2
冷酷邪法恶律英语的心
20
Express malice vs. Implied malice
Push another off the side of a mountain
Fire a rifle at a moving passenger train
▪ 有意的、故意的、有预谋的杀人，比如投毒， 或者在危险的重罪发生过程中杀人。
2021/4/2
法律英语
30
Common law