邢帅教育英语四级教程--语法之定语从句

my best friends.
6. The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.
7. It was 11 o’clock when the accident happened last
night.
8. This is the village where I was brought up.
关系代词which和that的区别： A.关系代词必须用that的情形：
This is the best film that I have ever seen. The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher. This is the only ticket that I got yesterday. This is the very book that I’m looking for. Is there anything that I can do for you? All that you have to do is to press the button.
1、引导作用
2、替代作用
3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
关系代词的用法
指 代 That Which Who Whom whose 人；物 物
人 人 人、物
所作成分 主语；宾语
是否可省略 作宾语可省
主语；宾语 作宾语可省 主语；宾语 宾语 定语 作宾语可省 可省 不可省
关系副词的用法
指代
所作成分
3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us
to know the meanings of the words.
4. This is the film which I like best.
5. The boy whose father is a professor is one of
They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them. Summarize:
1. 限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制
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性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。
2.非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。 3.非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。
A you had a few days off? --- Is that the reason_______
A.why B. when C. what D. where
A 2.I’m going to visit the school _________ my mother taught physics ten years ago.
A. which I think is
C. which I think it
B.which I think it is
D. I think which is
B I lived in the country 3.I shall never forget those years ______ with the farmers, __________ has a great effect on my life. (1994 上海)
achieve much.
There’re many plays (that) I’d like to see.
This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was just here.
Yesterday Mr Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou, which is famous for its West Lake.
A.where B. that C. which D. what
C 3.Do you still remember the day ___________ I first came to Beijing?
A. which B. that C. when D. where
• 关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分
同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which； 同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which 主要看： 从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思 不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。
请比较以下句子：
• This is the park that we visited last year.(从句意思不完整需 要加宾语) This is the park where we held a birthday party.（从句完整， 只需加上特定的关系副词） • That’s the date that she won’t forget for ever. That’s the date when we went to the college. • I like the time that we had together. I like the time when we lived together.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
D she 2.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _______ could turn for help. (1992)
A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
shop? Is there anything that you want in this shop? 4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.
He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all. 5.The room in that she lives is a large one.
2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked.
This is the factory in whichmy father once worked. 3.This is the reason whyhe was late.
This is the reason for which he was late.
Summarize:
在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加 上which，在从句中作状语
When=in/at/on/…+which;
Where=in/at/on/…+which;
Why=for /…+which
Practice:
1.---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. (1999)
*关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择
A ① He has three sons, none of _____ is a doctor. B is a ② He has three sons, but none of ____ doctor. D ③ He has three sons, _______ are doctors. ④ He has three sons; ____ C are doctors. A. whom B. them C. they D. who
关系副词： When, where, why等
关系代词和关系副词的作用：
Eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your names here. 2.This is the house where he was born. 3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.
5）先行词既有人又有物时。
B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用which
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
Practice:
B he saw at the 1.They asked him to tell them everything _____ front.
There is no time that we can waste.
The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.
Summarize: 只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
1.定义： 在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的
从句叫定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫 2.先行词： 先行词（antecedent）。
3.关系代词、关系副词： 引导定语从句的词
关系代词： Who, whom, whose, which, that等
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
定义： 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的
修饰成分，否则主句的意思不完整或不成立。 非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步 的说明，去掉之后主句的意思照样完整。
Compare the following sentences: A man who does not try to learn from others can’t
状语
是否可省略
When
Where why
时间
否
地点
原因
状语
状语
否
否
判断下列引导词在句中的用法
指代、所作成分、是否可省略
Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from.
1.This is the best film which I have seen. This is the best film that I have seen. 2.That’s all which want to say.
That’s all that I want to say.
3.Is there anything which you want in this
The room in which she lives is a large one.
关系副词when, where, why的用法
1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together? Do you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together?
B 1.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001)
A.It B. As C. That D. What
Practice:
A 2.He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science. (1998)
1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。
2）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。
3)先行词是不定代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等. 4）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等 修饰。
A 3. I don’t like __________ you speak to her. (1993上海)
A.the way C.the way which B.the way in that D.the way of which
Correct the following sentences: