成本计划(cost plan)
计划成本(planned cost)
计划成本(planned cost)
企业根据一定期间成本核算和管理的要求,根据计划资料计算的一种预计成本。
如购入原材料的计划成本,产品的计划成本和工程项目的计划成本等。
计划成本的组成项目及其内容、应与实际成本相一致,这样也能便于比较分析。
购入原材料的计划成本是根据各项原材料的进价以及供应地点远近等因素,按组成原材料的实际成本项目计算的。
通过它与实际成本比较,可以提示原材料采购成本的节约超支。
产品的计划成本是根据计划期的原材料、燃料和动力等的消耗定额,工时定额,费用预算等资料,按规定成本项目计算确定的。
它反映了计划期内应达到的平均成本水平,是降低成本的努力目标,通过它与实际成本进行比较,便能了解和掌握企业成本计划的执行情况和完成程序,寻找降低产品成本的途径。
要注意的是,计划成本与定额成本是不同的,前者是按计划期内平均定额水平计算的,而后者则是按现行定额计算的;前者反映平均水平,后者反映当时应达到的水平。
计划成本分配法
计划成本分配法简介计划成本分配法(Plan Cost Allocation Method)是一种用于确定项目成本分摊的方法。
在项目实施过程中,经常需要对各个工作包或活动进行成本的分配,以确定每个工作包或活动的实际成本。
计划成本分配法是一种常用的成本分配方法,能够准确地计算出各个工作包或活动的成本,并提供可靠的参考依据。
原理计划成本分配法是基于项目计划的成本分配方法。
在项目计划中,各个工作包或活动通常会被分配具体的成本预算。
计划成本分配法根据这些成本预算,以及工作包或活动的时限和资源需求等因素,来进行成本的分配。
计划成本分配法的具体步骤如下:1.确定成本预算:通过项目计划确定各个工作包或活动的成本预算。
2.确定成本分摊基准:根据项目计划中的成本预算,确定成本分摊的基准。
通常情况下,成本分摊基准可以是工作包或活动的工期、资源需求或完成情况等。
3.计算成本分摊率:根据成本分摊基准计算出各个工作包或活动的成本分摊率。
成本分摊率是指工作包或活动的成本与对应的成本分摊基准的比率。
4.进行成本分摊:将成本分摊率应用到工作包或活动的成本预算中,计算出每个工作包或活动的实际成本。
优势计划成本分配法具有以下优势:1.简单易懂:计划成本分配法的原理简单直观,易于理解和使用。
2.可靠性高:计划成本分配法是基于项目计划进行成本分摊的,能够准确地反映各个工作包或活动的实际成本。
3.灵活性强:计划成本分配法可以根据项目实际情况进行调整和变更,适应项目的不同需求。
注意事项在使用计划成本分配法时,需要注意以下事项:1.成本预算的准确性:计划成本分配法的准确性取决于项目计划中成本预算的准确性。
因此,在使用计划成本分配法之前,需要对成本预算进行仔细评估和审查。
2.成本分摊基准的选择:计划成本分配法的成本分摊基准可以根据项目的实际情况进行选择,但需要确保选择的基准与项目的目标和要求相一致。
3.工作包或活动的组织结构:在进行成本分配时,需要考虑工作包或活动的组织结构,确保成本能够合理分摊到各个层级。
项目成本计划
项目成本计划项目成本计划是项目管理中至关重要的一部分,它涉及到项目所需的所有成本和预算的规划和控制。
一个完善的项目成本计划可以帮助项目团队有效地管理项目资金,确保项目按时按质完成。
在制定项目成本计划时,需要考虑到项目的所有成本,包括直接成本、间接成本、固定成本和变动成本等,以确保项目的可持续发展。
首先,项目成本计划需要对项目的所有成本进行详细的分析和预测。
这包括项目所需的人力资源成本、物资采购成本、设备租赁成本、运输费用、市场推广费用等各个方面的成本。
只有充分了解项目的成本结构,才能够制定出合理的成本预算,为项目的后续实施提供有力的支持。
其次,项目成本计划需要对成本进行合理的分配和控制。
在分配成本时,需要根据项目的具体情况,合理地分配各项成本,确保每一项成本都得到充分的利用。
同时,在项目实施过程中,需要对成本进行严格的控制,避免出现成本超支的情况,影响项目的顺利进行。
只有通过有效的成本控制,才能够保证项目的可持续发展和盈利能力。
另外,项目成本计划还需要考虑到不同阶段的成本变化。
在项目实施的不同阶段,可能会出现成本的波动,需要及时调整成本计划,确保项目的资金使用得当。
同时,还需要对可能出现的风险进行预测和评估,制定相应的风险应对措施,以保障项目的顺利进行。
最后,项目成本计划还需要考虑到成本效益的问题。
在制定成本计划时,需要综合考虑项目的成本和效益,确保项目的投资能够得到合理的回报。
只有在成本和效益之间取得平衡,才能够保证项目的可持续发展和成功实施。
综上所述,项目成本计划是项目管理中不可或缺的一部分,它涉及到项目的所有成本和预算的规划和控制。
通过合理的成本分析、分配和控制,以及对成本变化和成本效益的考虑,可以帮助项目团队有效地管理项目资金,确保项目按时按质完成。
只有制定出完善的项目成本计划,才能够为项目的顺利实施提供有力的支持。
成本计划(cost plan)
成本计划(cost plan)
,又称成本预算,是指以货币形式反映一定时期内产品生产成本水平的总体安排。
成本计划的编制能够反映企业各部门和产品的成本消耗和变化程度,也是成本控制和考核的依据。
通过成本计划的编制和实施,可以确定企业成本管理的目的和方向,提出科学合理提高成本管理水平的有效措施。
成本计划主要包括以下内容:生产成本计划、产品单位成本计划、所有商品的成本计划、不同产品的制造成本计划、间接成本计划以及降低成本的相关措施
由于企业规模、生产特点和管理要求的不同,成本计划的编制一般可分为三种情况:工厂部门直接编制全厂的成本计划(不考虑车间);首先,部门和车间准备部门成本计划,然后为整个工厂编制成本计划。
部门车间和全厂联合编制成本计划,即重要的成本项目由车间和部门分别列出。
SAP生产订单结算原理
SAP计算产品成本的方法有三种,按期间计算产品成本,按生产订单计算产品成本,按销售订单(sales order)计算成本。
其中,按生产订单计算成本最为常见,很多公司采用,我们也以此为例说明SAP产品计算的流程。
一、SAP产品成本计算与传统成本计算的不同点:1.传统成本计算的方法是月底一次性计算,是一种事后成本计算。
但SAP提供在生产订单创建时就可计算出目标成本。
公司日常业务操作,比如发料,报工(confirmation)等,发生的成本都会同步计入生产订单中,实时性较好,SAP对这成本的同步更新称作Simultaneous Costing。
可以认为,SAP的成本计算具有事前计划、事中统计,事后分析的功能。
2.传统成本计算方法,在发料时,将物料从原材料(Raw Material, RM)科目转到在产品(Work in Process, WIP),收料时再结转到半成品或产成品科目。
SAP不同,SAP 把生产成本的科目视作损益科目,发料时先计入损益,月底再结算。
如果生产订单没有全部完工收货,或技术上做完成处理,成本的余额作为WIP,否则表示生产订单完成,没有WIP, 余额全部结转到差异。
公式如下:WIP = GR of MO – Collected costs of MO注:GR of MO: 生产订单收货(goods receipts of manufacturing order)二、成本计算流程1.产品成本计划( Product cost planning)通过成本计划,计算物料的标准成本,以此作为物料价格和存货计价的依据。
2. 日常操作以及日常操作与成本计算的集成1)生产订单发料(Goods issue to production order )生产订单发料在FI模块中会产生如下凭证:DR: 生产成本-物料消耗科目(P&L)CR: 存货( 如RM)物料消耗科目因为属于损益科目,因此在CO模块中属于初级成本要素(Primary cost element),发料的会计凭证有控制凭证(就是CO模块的凭证),如下所示:DR: 生产成本- 物料消耗科目(生产订单是成本分配对象true cost assignment object)注意这一规律,如果数据从FI传递到CO,则在CO中只存在单边凭证(one-sided entry). CO凭证用KSB5查看。
工程造价专业英语题库1
专业词组:Unit 1governmental agency 政府机构contractor 承包商subcontractor 分包商architect 建筑师insurance company 保险公司surety company 担保公司material dealer 材料供应商construction site 施工现场financial organization 金融机构engineer 工程师labor condition 劳动力状况Unit 2field staff=construction staff 施工人员project manager 项目经理project management 项目管理owner 业主construction manager 施工经理insure prompt payment 确保及时付款initiate and approves changes 提出和批准变更chair job meetings 主持现场会议facilitate inspection and approval 加快验收和批准evaluate claims 评估索赔control temporary facilities 控制临时设施enforce construction schedule 执行施工计划Unit 3involve in litigation 卷入诉讼public work 公共工程contractor’s register 承包商的注册duration of contract 合同工期bonding capacity 担保能力current workload 现有工作量prequalification 资格预审on-site resource survey 现场资源勘查material/labor balance of contract 材料和劳动力平衡interest in project 工程利润Unit 4notice to bidders 投标公告invitation to bidders 招标邀请函bid analysis 标书分析bid bonds 投标保函unforeseen circumstances 未预见情况quality guarantee period 质量保证期prebid meeting 标前会议a certified check 保付支票performance bonds 履约保函the time and place for the receipt of bids 标书接收的地点和时间Unit 5form of tender 投标书written offer 书面报价conditions of contract 合同条件minimum amount 最低限额bill of quantities 工程量清单the tender documents 投标文件instruction to tenders 投标说明time for completion 竣工时间the time allowed for tendering 投标时限Unit 6planning permission 规划许可building regulations approval 建筑业管理许可project quality 工程质量decoration projects estimate 装修工程的造价contract documents 合同文本contract drawings 合同图纸contractor's obligations 承包人义务specified suppliers and subcontractors 指定供应商和分包商start and completion dates 开工和竣工时期interim payment 中期付款defect obligation period 缺陷责任期the quality of work required 工程质量的要求the contractual conditions 合同条款the construction programme 施工计划Unit 7legal framework 法律框架standard forms 标准文本standard clauses 标准条款special clauses 特殊条款the names of the employer 业主姓名quantity surveyor 工料测量师public body 公共机构signature and seal 签名和印章Stamp duty 印花税articles of agreement 协议条款Unit 8bid breakdown or schedule of values 投标明细或价值明细表wastewater treatment plant 污水处理厂underground utility lines 地下管线roads or street improvements 道路改建project estimate 工程造价administration costs and profits 管理费和利润contract administration 合同管理lump sum contract 总价合同unit price contract 单价合同civil engineering 土木工程cost-plus contract 成本加酬金合同incentive contract 激励合同Unit 9floor area 建筑面积sketch plan 初步设计detail design 施工图设计parapet wall 女儿墙post-contract stage 合同运作阶段cost analysis 成本分析similar buildings 类似工程outline plan 规划方案concrete 混凝土cost planning 成本计划cost comparison 成本比较cost checking 成本核查cost monitoring 成本控制Umbrella term 总称Unit 10project planning、design and construction 项目规划、设计和施工temporary facilities 临时设施project budget 项目预算bidding and contract award process 投标和合同授予过程quality control 质量控制progress payment 进度款contract change 合同变更suit the owner's requirement 满足业主要求in the name of the owner 以业主的名义fast tracking 快速路径法,边设计边施工(方法)separate contractor 分包商shop drawing 施工图acceptance testing 验收检验construction supervision 工程监理Unit 11project manager 项目经理on-site management 现场管理project cost and time control 项目成本和时间控制technical complexity 技术复杂性construction methods 施工方法design stage 设计阶段material substitute 材料替代material and equipment suppliers 材料和设备供应商the delivery times of materials and equipment 材料和设备的运输时间total life-cycle cost 全寿命周期成本句子段落翻译:Unit 11.In its specifics ,each structure is tailed to suit its environment ,arranged to perform its own particular function ,and designed to reflect personal tastes and preferences.❖具体地说,每一个建筑物都要适应它周围的环境,发挥它特有的功能,反映设计者的品味和喜好。
会计英语词汇
现金Cash in hand银行存款Cash in bank其他货币资金-外埠存款Other monetary assets - cash in other cities其他货币资金-银行本票Other monetary assets - cashier‘s check其他货币资金-银行汇票Other monetary assets - bank draft其他货币资金-信用卡Other monetary assets - credit cards其他货币资金-信用证保证金Other monetary assets - L/C deposit其他货币资金-存出投资款Other monetary assets - cash for investment短期投资-股票投资Investments - Short term - stocks短期投资-债券投资Investments - Short term - bonds短期投资-基金投资Investments - Short term - funds短期投资-其他投资Investments - Short term - others短期投资跌价准备Provision for short-term investment长期股权投资-股票投资Long term equity investment - stocks长期股权投资-其他股权投资Long term equity investment - others长期债券投资-债券投资Long term securities investemnt - bonds长期债券投资-其他债权投资Long term securities investment - others长期投资减值准备Provision for long-term investment应收票据Notes receivable应收股利Dividends receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收帐款Trade debtors坏帐准备- 应收帐款Provision for doubtful debts - trade debtors预付帐款Prepayment应收补贴款Allowance receivable其他应收款Other debtors坏帐准备- 其他应收款Provision for doubtful debts - other debtors其他流动资产Other current assets物资采购Purchase原材料Raw materials包装物Packing materials低值易耗品Low value consumables材料成本差异Material cost difference自制半成品Self-manufactured goods库存商品Finished goods商品进销差价Difference between purchase & sales of commodities委托加工物资Consigned processiong material委托代销商品Consignment-out受托代销商品Consignment-in分期收款发出商品Goods on instalment sales存货跌价准备Provision for obsolete stocks待摊费用Prepaid expenses待处理流动资产损益Unsettled G/L on current assets待处理固定资产损益Unsettled G/L on fixed assets委托贷款-本金Consignment loan - principle委托贷款-利息Consignment loan - interest委托贷款-减值准备Consignment loan - provision固定资产-房屋建筑物Fixed assets - Buildings固定资产-机器设备Fixed assets - Plant and machinery固定资产-电子设备、器具及家具Fixed assets - Electronic Equipment,furniture and fixtures固定资产-运输设备Fixed assets - Automobiles累计折旧Accumulated depreciation固定资产减值准备Impairment of fixed assets工程物资-专用材料Project material - specific materials工程物资-专用设备Project material - specific `equipment工程物资-预付大型设备款Project material - prepaid for equipment工程物资-为生产准备的工具及器具Project material - tools and facilities for production在建工程Construction in progress在建工程减值准备Impairment of construction in progress固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets无形资产-专利权Intangible assets - patent无形资产-非专利技术Intangible assets - industrial property and know-how无形资产-商标权Intangible assets - trademark rights无形资产-土地使用权Intangible assets - land use rights无形资产-商誉Intangible assets - goodwill无形资产减值准备Impairment of intangible assets长期待摊费用Deferred assets未确认融资费用Unrecognized finance fees其他长期资产Other long term assets递延税款借项Deferred assets debits应付票据Notes payable应付帐款Trade creditors预收帐款Advances from customers代销商品款Consignment-in payables其他应交款Other payable to government其他应付款Other creditors应付股利Proposed dividends待转资产价值Donated assets预计负债Accrued liabilities应付短期债券Short-term debentures payable其他流动负债Other current liabilities预提费用Accrued expenses应付工资Payroll payable应付福利费Welfare payable短期借款-抵押借款Bank loans - Short term - pledged短期借款-信用借款Bank loans - Short term - credit短期借款-担保借款Bank loans - Short term - guaranteed一年内到期长期借款Long term loans due within one year一年内到期长期应付款Long term payable due within one year长期借款Bank loans - Long term应付债券-债券面值Bond payable - Par value应付债券-债券溢价Bond payable - Excess应付债券-债券折价Bond payable - Discount应付债券-应计利息Bond payable - Accrued interest长期应付款Long term payable专项应付款Specific payable其他长期负债Other long term liabilities应交税金-所得税Tax payable - income tax应交税金-增值税Tax payable - VAT应交税金-营业税Tax payable - business tax应交税金-消费税Tax payable - consumable tax应交税金-其他Tax payable - others递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit股本Share capital已归还投资Investment returned利润分配-其他转入Profit appropriation - other transfer in利润分配-提取法定盈余公积Profit appropriation - statutory surplus reserve利润分配-提取法定公益金Profit appropriation - statutory welfare reserve利润分配-提取储备基金Profit appropriation - reserve fund利润分配-提取企业发展基金Profit appropriation - enterprise development fund利润分配-提取职工奖励及福利基金Profit appropriation - staff bonus and welfare fund利润分配-利润归还投资Profit appropriation - return investment by profit利润分配-应付优先股股利Profit appropriation - preference shares dividends利润分配-提取任意盈余公积Profit appropriation - other surplus reserve利润分配-应付普通股股利Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends利润分配-转作股本的普通股股利Profit appropriation - ordinary shares dividends converted to shares期初未分配利润Retained earnings,beginning of the year资本公积-股本溢价Capital surplus - share premium资本公积-接受捐赠非现金资产准备Capital surplus - donation reserve资本公积-接受现金捐赠Capital surplus - cash donation资本公积-股权投资准备Capital surplus - investment reserve资本公积-拨款转入Capital surplus - subsidiary资本公积-外币资本折算差额Capital surplus - foreign currency translation资本公积-其他Capital surplus - others盈余公积-法定盈余公积金Surplus reserve - statutory surplus reserve盈余公积-任意盈余公积金Surplus reserve - other surplus reserve盈余公积-法定公益金Surplus reserve - statutory welfare reserve盈余公积-储备基金Surplus reserve - reserve fund盈余公积-企业发展基金Surplus reserve - enterprise development fund盈余公积-利润归还投资Surplus reserve - reture investment by investment主营业务收入Sales主营业务成本Cost of sales主营业务税金及附加Sales tax营业费用Operating expenses管理费用General and administrative expenses财务费用Financial expenses投资收益Investment income其他业务收入Other operating income营业外收入Non-operating income补贴收入Subsidy income其他业务支出Other operating expenses营业外支出Non-operating expenses所得税Income tax直接人工成本差异(direct labor variance)直接材料成本差异(direct material variance)在产品计价(work-in-process costing)联产品成本计算(joint products costing)生产成本汇总程序(accumulation process of procluction cost)制造费用差异(manufacturing expenses variance)实际成本与估计成本(actual cost and estimated cost)工资费用分配(salary costs allocation)成本曲线(cost curve)农业生产成本(agriculture production cost)原始成本和重置成本(original cost and replacement cost)工程施工成本直接成本与间接成本(direct cost and indirect cost)可控成本(controllable cost)制造费用分配(manufacturing expenses allocation)理论成本与应用成本(theory cost and practice cost)辅助生产成本分配(auxiliary production cost allocation)期间,费用成本控制程序(procedure of cost control)成本记录(cost entry,cost recorder cost agenda)成本计算分批法(job costing method)直接人工成本差异(direct labor variance)成本控制方法(cost control method)内河运输成本生产费用要素(elements of production expenses)历史成本与未来成本(historical cost and future cost)可避免成本与不可避免成本(avoidable cost and unavoidable cost)成本计算期(cost period)平均成本与个别成本(avorage cost and individual cost)跨期摊提费用分配(inter-period expenses allocation)计划成本(planned cost)数量差异(quantity variance)燃料费用分配(fuel expenses allocation)定额成本控制制度(norm cost control system)定额管理(management norm)可递延成本与不可递延成本(deferrable cost and undeferrable cost)成本控制标准(standard of cost control)副产品成本计算(by-product costing)责任成本(responsibility cost)生产损失核算(production loss accounting)生产成本(production cost)预计成本(predicted cost)成本结构(cost structure)房地产开发成本主要成本与加工成本(prime costs and processing costs)决策成本(cost of decision making)成本计算品种法(category costing method)在产品成本(work-in-process cost)工厂成本(factory cost)成本考核(cost assess )制造费用(manufactruing expenses)动力费用分配(power expenses allocation)趋势分析法(trend analysis approach)成本计算简单法(simple costing method)责任成本层次(levels of responsibility cost)对比分析法(comparative analysis approach)约当产量比例法(equivalent units method)原始记录(original record)可比产品成本分析(general product cost analysis)成本计算方法(costing method)成本计算对象(costing objective)成本计算单位(costing unit)成本计划完成情况分析成本计划管理体系(planned management system of cost)成本计划(cost plan)成本会计(cost accounting)成本核算原则(principle of costing)成本核算程序(cost accounting qrocedures)成本核算成本(costing account)成本核算(costing)成本归集(cost accumulation)成本管理(cost management)成本分析(cost analysis)成本分配(ocst allocation)成本分类账(cost ledger)成本分类(cost classifiction)成本费用界限成本调整(cost adjustment)成本差异(cost variance)成本报告(costing report)成本(cost)车间成本(workshop cost)厂内经济核算制(internal business accounting system)厂内结算价格(internal settlement prices)产品寿命周期成本(product life cycle cost)产品成本项目(cost items of product)产品成本技术经济分析产品成本计划(the plan of product costs)产品成本(product cost)初级会计汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)汇总记账凭证核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using summary ovchers)工作底稿(working paper)复式记账凭证(mvltiple account titles voucher)复式记账法(Double entry bookkeeping)复合分录(compound entry)划线更正法(correction by drawing a straight ling)汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)会计凭证(accounting documents)会计科目表(chart of accounts)会计科目(account title)红字更正法(correction by using red ink)会计核算形式(bookkeeping procedures)过账(posting)会计致迹╝ccounting entry)会计循环(accounting cycle)会计账簿(Book of accounts)活页式账簿(loose-leaf book)集合分配账户(clearing accounts)计价对比账户(matching accounts)记账方法(bookkeeping methods)记账规则(recording rules)记账凭证(voucher)记账凭证核算形式(Bookkeeping proced ureusing vouchers)记账凭证汇总表核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using categorized account summary)简单分录(simple entry)结算账户(settlement accounts)结账(closing account)结账分录(closing entry)借贷记账法(debit-credit bookkeeping)通用日记账核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using general journal)外来原始凭证(source document from outside)现金日记账(cash journal)虚账户(nominal accounts)序时账簿(book of chronological entry)一次凭证(single-record document)银行存款日记账(deposit journal)永续盘存制(perpetual inventory system)原始凭证(source document)暂记账户(suspense accounts)增减记账法(increase-decrease bookkeeping)债权结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim)债权债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim and debt)债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of debt)账户(account)账户编号(Account number)账户对应关系(debit-credit relationship)账项调整(adjustment of account)专用记账凭证(special-purpose voucher)转回分录(reversing entry)资金来源账户(accounts of sources of funds)资产负债账户(balance sheet accounts)转账凭证(transfer voucher)资金运用账户(accounts of applications of funds)自制原始凭证(internal source document)总分类账簿(general ledger)总分类账户(general account)附加账户(adjunct accounts)付款凭证(payment voucher)分类账簿(ledger)中级会计固定资产(fixed assets)利润总额利益分配(profit distribution)应计费用(accrued expense)商标权(trademarks and tradenames)净利润(net income)应付利润(profit payable)收益债券(income bonds)利息资本化(capitalization of interests)预付账款(advance to supplier)其他应收款(other receivables)现金(cash)公司债券发行(corporate bond floatation)应付工资(wages payable)实收资本(paid-in capital)盈余公积(surplus reserves)股利(dividend)应交税金(taxes payable)负商誉(negative goodwill)费用的确认(recognition of expense)短期投资(temporary investment)专有技术(know-how)专营权(franchises)资本公积(capital reserves)自然资源(natural resources)存货(inventory)偿债基金(sinking fund)长期应付款(long-term payables)长期投资(long-term investments)长期借款(long-term loans)长期负债(long-term liability of long-term debt)财务费用(financing expenses)拨定留存收益(appropriated retained earnings)标准成本法(standard costing)变动成本法(variable costing)版权(copyrights)高级会计期货交易市场(market of futures transaction)期货交易(futures transaction)举债经营融资租赁(leveraged lease)金融工具(financial instruments)企业集团(business qroup)年度报告(annual report)内部往来(transactions between home office and branches)合伙企业(partnership enterprise)合并资产负债表(consolidated balance sheet)合并主体的所得税会计(accounting for income taxes of consolidated entities)(美)合并现金流量表(consolidated statement of cash flow)合并价差(cost-book value differentials)合并会计报表(consolidated financial statements)购买法(purchase methed)企业整体价值(the value of an enterprise as a whole)权益结合法(pooling of interest method)期内所得税分摊(intraperiod tax allocation)(美)期末存货的未实现损益(unrealized profit in ending inventory)公司间的长期资产业务(intercompany transactions in long-term assets)名义货币保全(maintaining capital in units of money)基金论(the fund theory)功能性货币(functional currency)(美)汇兑损益(exchange gains or losses)合并财务状况变动表(consolidated statement of changes in financial poition)换算损益(translation gains or losses)举债经营收购(Leveraged buyouts,简称LBC)(美)母公司持股比例变动(change in ownership percentage held by parent)交互分配法(reciprocal allocation approach)(美)货币项(monetary items)合伙清算(partnership liquidation全面分摊法(comprehensive allocation)固定资产投资方向调节税合并费用(expenses related to combinations)间接标价法(indirect quotation)买入汇率(buying rate)期货合约(futrues contract)混合合并(conglomeration)控投公司(holding company)股票指数期货(stock index futrues)横向销售(crosswise sale)固定汇率(fixed rate)纳税影响法(tax effect method)记账汇率(recording rate)横向合并(horizontal integration)合并前股利(preacquisition dividends)可变现净值(net realizable)企业合并会计(accounting for business combination)平仓盈亏(offset gain and loss)卖出汇率(selling rate)金融期货交易(financial futures transaction)会计利润(accounting income)合并损益表(consolidated income statement)公允价值(fair value)期权(options)间接控股(indirect holding)两笔交易观(two-transaction opinion)破产清算(bankrupcy liquidation)企业合并(business combination)企业论(the enterprise theory)商品寄销(consignment)个人所得税(personal income tax)个人财务报表(personal financial state-ments)(美)改组计划(reorganization plan)(美)改组(reorganization)复杂权益法(complex equity method)附属公司(associated company)负权人偿金(dividend)浮动汇率(floating rate)分支机构会计(accounting for branch)推定赎回损益(constructive gains and losses on bonds)推定赎回(constructive retirement)投机(spculation)贴水(discount)特定物价指数(specific price index)分支机构(branch)分期收款销货(installment sales)分次清算(installment liquidation)分部报告(segmental reporting)房地产收入(real estate revenue)房地产成本(cost of real setate)房地产(real estate)多种汇率法(multiply exchange rate)对境外实体的净投资(net investment in foreign entities)订量单位:(units of measurement)递延法(deffered method)当代理论(contemporary theory)单一汇率法(singal method)退休金(pension plan)退休金会计(accounting for pension plan)(美)退休金给付义务(pension benefit obligations)(美)外币(foreign currency)外币业务(foreign currency transaction)吸收合并(merger)物价变动会计(accounting for price changes)无偿债能力(insolvency)完全合并(full consolidation)物价指数(price index)物价变动(price changes)完全应计法(full accrual method)物价总指数(general price index)外汇期货交易(foreign exchange frtrues transaction)下推会计(push-down accounting)(美)先折算后调整法(translation-remeasurement method)现行成本/稳值货币会计(current cost/general purchasing power accountin)现行成本(crurent cost)现行成本会计(current cost accounting)先调整后折算法(remeasurement-translation method)销售代理处(sales agency)相互持股(mutual holdings)相对账户调节(reconciliation of home office and branch accounts)新合伙人入伙(admission of a new parther)向上销售(upstream sale)衍生金融工具(derivative financial instru-ments)销售式融资租赁(sales-type financing lease)向下销售(downstream sale)消费税(consumer tax)一笔交易观(one-transaction opinion)业主权论(the proprietorship theory)一般物价水准会计(general price level accounting)一般购买力单位(units of general purchasing power)招股说明书(prospectus)中间汇率(middle rate)中期报告(interim reporting)重置成本(replacement cost)转租赁(subleases)准改组(quasi-reorbganization)(美)资本保全(capital maintenance)资本化价值(capitalized value)资本因素(capital factor)资产负债法(asset/libility method)存货转让价格(inventory transfer price)创立合并(consolidation)出租人会计(accounting for leases-lessor)持有(产)损益(holding gains losses)持仓盈亏(opsition gain and loss)承租人会计(accounting for leases-leasee)成本回收法(cost recovery method)纵向合并(Vertical integration)综合变动(general change)子公司权益变动(change in ownership of a subsidiary)子公司(subsidiary company)资源税(resources tax)成本法(cost method)财产信托会计(fiduciary accounting)(美)财产税(property tax)部分分摊法(partial allocation)不合并子公司(unconsolidated subsidiaries)最低退休金负债(minimum liability)(美)租赁(leases)租金(rents)企业会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterprise organization)政府会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterprise organization)事业单位会计(accounting for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定资产(fixed assets for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定基金(fixed funds non-profit organizations)事业单位负债(liabilities for non-profit organizations)事业单位对外投资(outside investments fornon-profit organizations)事业单位财务清算(liquidation of non-profit organization)上缴上级支出(payment to the higher authority)上级补助收入(grant from the higher authority)其他收入(miscellaneous gains)科学事业单位资产(scientific researchinstifutes‘assets)科学事业单位支出(scientific researchinstitutes‘expenditures)科学事业单位预算(scientific researchinstitutes‘budgeting)科学事业单位收入(scientific researchinstitutes‘revenues)科学事业单位结余(scientific research institutes‘surplus)科学事业单位会计制度(accointing regulations for scientific research instifutes)科学事业单位会计报表分析(scientific research institutes-analysis of accounting statements)科学事业单位会计(sicentific research institute accounting)科学事业单位成本费用管理(scientific research institutes-cost maragement)科学事业单位财务制度(financial regulations for scientific research institutes)经营支出(orerating expense )经营收入(operating revenue)基金预算支出(fund budget expenditure)基金预算收入(fund budget revenue)基金预算结余(surplus of fund budget)国家预算(state budget)国家决算(final accounts of state revenue and expenditure)高等学校资产(colleges and universities assets)高等学校支出(colleges and universities expenditures)高等学校预算管理方式(budget management method of colleges and universities)高等学校收入(colleges and universities revenues)专用基金支出(expenditure on special purpose fund)专用基金收入(proceeds from special purpose fund)中华人民共和国预算法(the budget law of the people‘s Republic of China)资金调拨支出(expenditure on allocated and transeferred fund)财政收入(public finance-revemue)财政净资产(public finance-net assets)财政负债(public finance-liabilities)财政补助收入(grant from the state)拨入专款(restricted appropriation)注会师考试《审计》中的128个英文单词1.audit 审计2.attestation 鉴证3.credibility 可信赖程度4.audit of financial statements 财务报表审计5.agreed-upon procedures 执行商定程序6.high levels of assurance 高水平保证pilation 编制8.reliability 可靠性9.relevance 相关性10.professional skepticism 职业谨慎11.objectivity 客观性12. professional competence 专业胜任能力13.Senior/CPA-in-charge 项目经理14.audit engagement letter 业务约定书15.recurring audit 连续审计16.the client 委托人17.change CPA更换注册会计师18.the existing CPA 现任注册会计师19.the successor CPA 后任注册会计师20.the preceding CPA前任注册会计师21.issue the audit report 出具审计报告22.expert 专家23.the board of directors 董事会24.knowledge of the entity‘ s business 了解被审计单位情况25.assess material misstatement risks评估重大错报风险26.detemine the nature,timing and extent of the audit procedures 确定审计程序的性质、时间和范围27.a general knowledge of ——初步了解―――的情况28.a more knowledge of——进一步了解的情况29.the prior year‘s working papers 以前年度工作底稿30.minutes of meeting 会议纪要31.business risks 经营风险32.appropriateness适当性33.accounting estimate 会计估计34.management representations 管理层声明35.going concern assumption 持续经营假设36.audit plan 审计计划37.significant audit areas 重点审计领域38.error 错误39.fraud舞弊40.modified or additional procedures 修改或追加审计程序41.misappropriation of assets 侵占资产42.transactions without substance 虚假交易43.unusual pressures 异常压力44.the suspected noncompliance 涉嫌存在违法行为45.materialiy 重要性46.exceed the materiality level 超过重要性水平47.approach the materiality level 接近重要性水平48.an acceptably low level 可接受水平49.the overall financial statement level and in related account balances and transaction levels 财务报表层和相关账户、交易层50.misstatements or omissions 错报或漏报51.aggregate 总计52.subsequent events 期后事项53.adjust the financial statements 调整财务报表54.perform additional audit procedures 实施追加的审计程序55.audit risk 审计风险56.detection risk 检查风险57.inappropriate audit opinion 不适当的审计意见58.material misstatement 重大的错报59.tolerable misstatement 可容忍错报60.the acceptable level of detection risk 可接受的检查风险61.assessed level of material misstatement risk 重大错报风险的评估水平62.simall business 小规模企业63.accounting system 会计系统64.test of control 控制测试65.walk-through test 穿行测试munication 沟通67.flow chart 流程图68.reperformance of internal control 重新执行69.audit evidence 审计证据70.substantive procedures 实质性程序71.assertions 认定72.esistence 存在73.occurrence 发生pleteness 完整性75.rights and obligations 权利和义务76.valuation and allocation 计价和分摊77.cutoff 截止78.accuracy 准确性79.classification 分类80.inspection 检查81.supervision of counting 监盘82.observation 观察83.confirmation 函证putation 计算85.analytical procedures 分析程序86.vouch 核对87.trace 追查88.audit sampling 审计抽样89.error 误差90.expected error 预期误差91.population 总体92.sampling risk 抽样风险93.non- sampling risk 非抽样风险94.sampling unit 抽样单位95.statistical sampling 统计抽样96.tolerable error 可容忍误差97.the risk of under reliance 信赖不足风险98.the risk of over reliance 信赖过度风险99.the risk of incorrect rejection 误拒风险100. the risk of incorrect acceptance 误受风险101.working trial balance 试算平衡表102.index and cross-referencing 索引和交叉索引103.cash receipt 现金收入104.cash disbursement现金支出105.bank statement 银行对账单106.bank reconciliation 银行存款余额调节表107.balance sheet date 资产负债表日 realizable value 可变现净值109.storeroom 仓库110.sale invoice 销售发票111.price list 价目表112.positive confirmation request 积极式询证函113.negative confirmation request消极式询证函114.purchase requisition 请购单115.receiving report 验收报告116.gross margin 毛利117.manufacturing overhead 制造费用118.material requisition 领料单119.inventory-taking 存货盘点120.bond certificate 债券121.stock certificate 股票122.audit report 审计报告123.entity 被审计单位124.addressee of the audit report 审计报告的收件人125.unqualified opinion 无保留意见126.qualified opinion 保留意见127.disclaimer of opinion 无法表示意见128.adverse opinion否定意见会计英语词汇大全1AAA 美国会计学会2Abacus《算盘》杂志3abacus 算盘考试大论坛4Abandonment废弃,报废;委付5abandonment value 废弃价值6abatement①减免②冲销7ability to service debt 偿债能力8abnormal cost 异常成本9abnormal spoilage 异常损耗10above par 超过票面价值11above the line线上项目12absolute amount 绝对数,绝对金额13absolute endorsement 绝对背书14absolute insolvency 绝对无力偿付15absolute priority 绝对优先求偿权16absolute value 绝对值17absorb 摊配,转并18absorption account 摊配账户,转并账户19absorption costing 摊配成本计算法20abstract 摘要表考试大论坛21abuse 滥用职权22abuse of tax shelter 滥用避税项目23ACCA特许公认会计师公会24accelerated cost recovery system 加速成本收回制度25accelerated depreciation method 加速折旧法,快速折旧法26acceleration clause 加速偿付条款,提前偿付条款27acceptance①承兑②已承兑票据③验收28acceptance bill 承兑票据29acceptance register 承兑票据登记簿30acceptance sampling验收抽样31access time 存取时间32accommodation 融通33accommodation bill 融通票据34accommodation endorsement 融通背书35account①账户,会计科目②账簿,报表③账目,账项④记账36accountability 经营责任,会计责任37accountability unit 责任单位38Accountancy 《会计》杂志39accountancy 会计40accountant 会计员,会计师41accountant general 会计主任,总会计42accounting in charge 主管会计师43accountant,s legal liability 会计师的法律责任44accountant,s report 会计师报告45accountant,s responsibility 会计师职责46account form 账户式,账式47accounting①会计②会计学48accounting assumption 会计假定,会计假设49accounting basis 会计基准,会计基本方法50accounting changes 会计变更51accounting concept 会计概念52accounting control 会计控制53accounting convention 会计常规,会计惯例54accounting corporation 会计公司55accounting cycle 会计循环56accounting data 会计数据57accounting doctrine 会计信条58accounting document 会计凭证59accounting elements 会计要素60accounting entity 会计主体,会计个体61accounting entry 会计分录62accounting equation 会计等式63accounting event 会计事项64accounting exposure 会计暴露,会计暴露风险65accounting firm 会计事务所考试大论坛66Accounting Hall of Fame 会计名人堂67accounting harmonization 会计协调化68accounting identity 会计恒等式69accounting income 会计收益70accounting information 会计信息71accounting information system 会计信息系统72accounting internationalization 会计国际化73accounting journals 会计杂志74accounting legislation 会计法规75accounting manual 会计手册76accounting objective 会计目标77accounting period 会计期78accounting policies 会计政策79accounting postulate 会计假设80accounting practice 会计实务81accounting principle 会计原则82Accounting Principle Board 会计原则委员会83accounting procedures 会计程序84accounting profession 会计职业,会计专业85accounting rate of return 会计收益率86accounting records 会计记录,会计簿籍87Accounting Review 《会计评论》88accounting rules 会计规则89Accounting Series Release 《会计公告文件》90accounting service 会计服务91accounting software 会计软件92accounting standard 会计标准,会计准则93accounting standardization 会计标准化94Accounting Standards Board 会计准则委员会(英) 95Accounting Standards Committee 会计准则委员会(英)96accounting system①会计制度②会计系统97accounting technique 会计技术98accounting theory 会计理论99accounting transaction 会计业务,会计账务100Accounting Trend and Techniques 《会计趋势和会计技术》101accounting unit 会计单位102accounting valuation 会计计价103accounting year 会计年度104accounts 会计账簿,会计报表105account sales 承销清单,承销报告单106accounts payable 应付账款107accounts receivable 应收账款108accounts receivable aging schedule 应收账款账龄分析表109accounts receivable assigned 已转让应收账款110accounts receivable collection period应收账款收款期111accounts receivable discounted 已贴现应收账款112accounts receivable financing 应收账款筹资,应收账款融资113accounts receivable management 应收账款管理114accounts receivable turnover 应收账款周转率,应收账款周转次数115accretion 增殖116accrual basis accounting 应计制会计,权责发生制会计117accrued asset 应计资产118accrued expense 应计费用119accrued liability 应计负债120accrued revenue 应计收入121accumulated depreciation 累计折旧122accumulated dividend 累计股利123accumulated earnings tax 累积盈余税,累积收益税124accumulation 累积,累计125acid test ratio 酸性试验比率126acquired company 被盘购公司,被兼并公司127acquisition 购置,盘购128acquisition accounting 盘购会计129acquisition cost 购置成本130acquisition decision 购置决策131acquisition excess 盘购超支。
项目管理49个过程组
项目管理49个过程组项目管理中有49个过程组,分为5个过程组群和10个知识领域。
以下是这些过程组的列表:1. 启动过程组(Initiating Process Group):- 制定项目章程(Develop Project Charter)- 确定干系人(Identify Stakeholders)2. 计划过程组(Planning Process Group):- 制定项目管理计划(Develop Project Management Plan)- 管理干系人(Manage Stakeholder Engagement)- 制定范围计划(Plan Scope Management)- 收集需求(Collect Requirements)- 定义范围(Define Scope)- 制定工作分解结构(Create Work Breakdown Structure)- 制定进度计划(Develop Schedule)- 制定成本计划(Develop Cost Plan)- 制定质量计划(Develop Quality Plan)- 制定资源计划(Develop Resource Plan)- 制定沟通计划(Develop Communication Plan)- 制定风险管理计划(Develop Risk Management Plan)- 制定采购计划(Develop Procurement Plan)- 制定相关方参与计划(Develop Stakeholder Participation Plan)3. 执行过程组(Executing Process Group):- 指导和管理项目工作(Direct and Manage Project Work) - 实施质量保证(Implement Quality Assurance)- 获取资源(Acquire Resources)- 建设团队(Build Team)- 管理团队(Manage Team)- 分发信息(Distribute Information)- 管理相关方参与(Manage Stakeholder Participation)- 实施风险应对(Implement Risk Responses)- 实施采购(Implement Procurements)4. 监控过程组(Monitoring and Controlling Process Group): - 监控项目工作(Monitor Project Work)- 监控项目范围(Monitor Project Scope)- 验收项目交付物(Validate Project Deliverables)- 控制范围(Control Scope)- 控制进度(Control Schedule)- 控制成本(Control Cost)- 控制质量(Control Quality)- 控制资源(Control Resources)- 监控沟通(Monitor Communication)- 监控风险(Monitor Risks)- 管理采购(Manage Procurements)5. 收尾过程组(Closing Process Group):- 结束项目或阶段(Close Project or Phase)- 确认干系人的满意度(Validate Stakeholder Satisfaction)- 归档项目或阶段信息(Archive Project or Phase Information) - 更新组织过程资产(Update Organizational Process Assets) - 更新项目文件(Update Project Documents)。
成本工作计划
成本工作计划
《成本工作计划的重要性》
成本工作计划是指在企业发展过程中,对成本进行计划、控制和分析的一种计划管理工具。
它在企业的经营管理中起着至关重要的作用,对企业进行成本管控、提高经济效益具有重要意义。
首先,成本工作计划能够有效地控制企业的成本支出。
通过对每个环节的成本进行详细的规划和分析,企业能够及时了解到资源的使用情况,并进行合理的调整和控制。
这样可以避免不必要的浪费,降低企业运营成本,提高经济效益。
其次,成本工作计划能够帮助企业更好地进行经济决策。
经过对成本的分析和规划,企业能够清晰地了解到各项成本的构成和影响因素,进而对企业的经济运作进行优化调整。
这样能够更加有效地利用资源,提高企业的竞争力和盈利能力。
此外,成本工作计划也能够促进企业的持续发展。
定期进行成本工作计划的分析和评估,有助于企业不断优化管理措施,提高资源利用效率,从而推动企业的可持续发展。
总之,成本工作计划在企业的发展过程中扮演着重要的角色。
它能够帮助企业进行成本管控,提高经济效益,促进企业的可持续发展。
因此,企业在日常经营管理中需要重视成本工作计划的制定和执行,以确保企业的健康发展。
会计术语中英文对照
成本会计直接人工成本差异(direct labor variance)直接材料成本差异(direct material variance)在产品计价(work-in-process costing)联产品成本计算(joint products costing)生产成本汇总程序(accumulation process of procluction cost)制造费用差异(manufacturing expenses variance)实际成本与估计成本(actual cost and estimated cost)工资费用分配(salary costs allocation)成本曲线(cost curve)农业生产成本(agriculture production cost)原始成本和重置成本(original cost and replacement cost)工程施工成本直接成本与间接成本(direct cost and indirect cost)可控成本(controllable cost)制造费用分配(manufacturing expenses allocation)理论成本与应用成本(theory cost and practice cost)辅助生产成本分配(auxiliary production cost allocation)期间,费用成本控制程序(procedure of cost control)成本记录(cost entry, cost recorder cost agenda)成本计算分批法(job costing method)成本计算分步法直接人工成本差异(direct labor variance)成本控制方法(cost control method)内河运输成本生产费用要素(elements of production expenses)历史成本与未来成本(historical cost and future cost)可避免成本与不可避免成本(avoidable cost and unavoidable cost)成本计算期(cost period)平均成本与个别成本(avorage cost and individual cost)跨期摊提费用分配(inter-period expenses allocation)计划成本(planned cost)数量差异(quantity variance)燃料费用分配(fuel expenses allocation)定额成本控制制度(norm cost control system)定额管理(management norm)可递延成本与不可递延成本(deferrable cost and undeferrable cost)成本控制标准(standard of cost control)副产品成本计算(by-product costing)责任成本(responsibility cost)生产损失核算(production loss accounting)生产成本(production cost)预计成本(predicted cost)成本结构(cost structure)房地产开发成本主要成本与加工成本(prime costs and processing costs)决策成本(cost of decision making)成本计算品种法(category costing method)在产品成本(work-in-process cost)工厂成本(factory cost)成本考核(cost assess )制造费用(manufactruing expenses)动力费用分配(power expenses allocation)趋势分析法(trend analysis approach)成本计算简单法(simple costing method)责任成本层次(levels of responsibility cost)对比分析法(comparative analysis approach)约当产量比例法(equivalent units method)原始记录(original record)可比产品成本分析(general product cost analysis)成本计算方法(costing method)成本计算对象(costing objective)成本计算单位(costing unit)成本计划完成情况分析成本计划管理体系(planned management system of cost)成本计划(cost plan)成本会计(cost accounting)成本核算原则(principle of costing)成本核算程序(cost accounting qrocedures)成本核算成本(costing account)成本核算(costing)成本归集(cost accumulation)成本管理(cost management)成本分析(cost analysis)成本分配(ocst allocation)成本分类账(cost ledger)成本分类(cost classifiction)成本费用界限成本调整(cost adjustment)成本差异(cost variance)成本报告(costing report)成本(cost)车间成本(workshop cost)厂内经济核算制(internal business accounting system)厂内结算价格(internal settlement prices)产品寿命周期成本(product life cycle cost)产品成本项目(cost items of product)产品成本技术经济分析产品成本计划(the plan of product costs)产品成本(product cost)初级会计汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)汇总记账凭证核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using summary ovchers)工作底稿(working paper)复式记账凭证(mvltiple account titles voucher)复式记账法(Double entry bookkeeping)复合分录(compound entry)划线更正法(correction by drawing a straight ling)汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)会计凭证(accounting documents)会计科目表(chart of accounts)会计科目(account title)红字更正法(correction by using red ink)会计核算形式(bookkeeping procedures)过账(posting)会计分录(accounting entry)会计循环(accounting cycle)会计账簿(Book of accounts)活页式账簿(loose-leaf book)集合分配账户(clearing accounts)计价对比账户(matching accounts)记账方法(bookkeeping methods)记账规则(recording rules)记账凭证(voucher)记账凭证核算形式(Bookkeeping proced ureusing vouchers)记账凭证汇总表核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using categorized account summary)简单分录(simple entry)结算账户(settlement accounts)结账(closing account)结账分录(closing entry)借贷记账法(debit-credit bookkeeping)通用日记账核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using general journal)外来原始凭证(source document from outside)现金日记账(cash journal)虚账户(nominal accounts)序时账簿(book of chronological entry)一次凭证(single-record document)银行存款日记账(deposit journal)永续盘存制(perpetual inventory system)原始凭证(source document)暂记账户(suspense accounts)增减记账法(increase-decrease bookkeeping)债权结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim)债权债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim and debt)债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of debt)账户(account)账户编号(Account number)账户对应关系(debit-credit relationship)账项调整(adjustment of account)专用记账凭证(special-purpose voucher)转回分录(reversing entry)资金来源账户(accounts of sources of funds)资产负债账户(balance sheet accounts)转账凭证(transfer voucher)资金运用账户(accounts of applications of funds)自制原始凭证(internal source document)总分类账簿(general ledger)总分类账户(general account)附加账户(adjunct accounts)付款凭证(payment voucher)分类账簿(ledger)中级会计固定资产(fixed assets)利润总额利益分配(profit distribution)应计费用(accrued expense)商标权(trademarks and tradenames)全部履行法净利润(net income)应付利润(profit payable)未分配利润收益债券(income bonds)货币资金利息资本化(capitalization of interests)公益金工程物资预付账款(advance to supplier)其他应收款(other receivables)现金(cash)预收账款公司债券发行(corporate bond floatation)应付工资(wages payable)实收资本(paid-in capital)盈余公积(surplus reserves)管理费用土地使用权股利(dividend)应交税金(taxes payable)流动资金负商誉(negative goodwill)费用的确认(recognition of expense)短期投资(temporary investment)专项资产【旧】专有技术(know-how)专营权(franchises)资本公积(capital reserves)资产负债表法资金占用和资金来源[旧]自然资源(natural resources)存货(inventory)车间经费【旧】偿债基金(sinking fund)长期应付款(long-term payables)长期投资(long-term investments)长期借款(long-term loans)长期负债(long-term liability of long-term debt)财务费用(financing expenses)拨定留存收益(appropriated retained earnings)标准成本法(standard costing)变动成本法(variable costing)比例履行法包装物版权(copyrights)高级会计期货交易市场(market of futures transaction)期货交易(futures transaction)举债经营融资租赁(leveraged lease)金融工具(financial instruments)企业集团(business qroup)年度报告(annual report)内部往来(transactions between home office and branches)合伙企业(partnership enterprise)合并资产负债表(consolidated balance sheet)合并主体的所得税会计(accounting for income taxes of consolidated entities)(美)合并现金流量表(consolidated statement of cash flow)合并价差(cost-book value differentials)合并会计报表(consolidated financial statements)购买法(purchase methed)企业整体价值(the value of an enterprise as a whole)权益结合法(pooling of interest method)期内所得税分摊(intraperiod tax allocation)(美)期末存货的未实现损益(unrealized profit in ending inventory)公司间的长期资产业务(intercompany transactions in long-term assets)名义货币保全(maintaining capital in units of money)基金论(the fund theory)功能性货币(functional currency)(美)汇兑损益(exchange gains or losses)合并财务状况变动表(consolidated statement of changes in financial poition)合并财务状况变动表(consolidated statement of changes in financial poition)换算损益(translation gains or losses)举债经营收购(Leveraged buyouts,简称LBC)(美)母公司持股比例变动(change in ownership percentage held by parent)交互分配法(reciprocal allocation approach)(美)货币项(monetary items)合伙清算(partnership liquidation全面分摊法(comprehensive allocation)固定资产投资方向调节税合并费用(expenses related to combinations)间接标价法(indirect quotation)买入汇率(buying rate)期货合约(futrues contract)混合合并(conglomeration)控投公司(holding company)股票指数期货(stock index futrues)横向销售(crosswise sale)固定汇率(fixed rate)纳税影响法(tax effect method)记账汇率(recording rate)横向合并(horizontal integration)合并前股利(preacquisition dividends)可变现净值(net realizable)企业合并会计(accounting for business combination)平仓盈亏(offset gain and loss)卖出汇率(selling rate)金融期货交易(financial futures transaction)会计利润(accounting income)合并损益表(consolidated income statement)公允价值(fair value)期权(options)间接控股(indirect holding)两笔交易观(two-transaction opinion)破产清算(bankrupcy liquidation)企业合并(business combination)企业论(the enterprise theory)商品寄销(consignment)个人所得税(personal income tax)个人财务报表(personal financial state-ments)(美)改组计划(reorganization plan)(美)改组(reorganization)复杂权益法(complex equity method)附属公司(associated company)负权人偿金(dividend)浮动汇率(floating rate)分支机构会计(accounting for branch)推定赎回损益(constructive gains and losses on bonds)推定赎回(constructive retirement)投机(spculation)贴水(discount)特定物价指数(specific price index)分支机构(branch)分期收款销货(installment sales)分次清算(installment liquidation)分部报告(segmental reporting)房地产收入(real estate revenue)房地产成本(cost of real setate)房地产(real estate)多种汇率法(multiply exchange rate)对境外实体的净投资(net investment in foreign entities)订量单位:(units of measurement)递延法(deffered method)当代理论(contemporary theory)单一汇率法(singal method)退休金(pension plan)退休金会计(accounting for pension plan)(美)退休金给付义务(pension benefit obligations)(美)外币(foreign currency)外币业务(foreign currency transaction)吸收合并(merger)物价变动会计(accounting for price changes)无偿债能力(insolvency)完全合并(full consolidation)物价指数(price index)物价变动(price changes)完全应计法(full accrual method)物价总指数(general price index)外汇期货交易(foreign exchange frtrues transaction)下推会计(push-down accounting)(美)先折算后调整法(translation-remeasurement method)现行成本/稳值货币会计(current cost/general purchasing power accountin)现行成本(crurent cost)现行成本会计(current cost accounting)先调整后折算法(remeasurement-translation method)销售代理处(sales agency)相互持股(mutual holdings)相对账户调节(reconciliation of home office and branch accounts)新合伙人入伙(admission of a new parther)向上销售(upstream sale)衍生金融工具(derivative financial instru-ments)销售式融资租赁(sales-type financing lease)向下销售(downstream sale)消费税(consumer tax)一笔交易观(one-transaction opinion)业主权论(the proprietorship theory)一般物价水准会计(general price level accounting)一般购买力单位(units of general purchasing power)招股说明书(prospectus)中间汇率(middle rate)中期报告(interim reporting)重置成本(replacement cost)转租赁(subleases)准改组(quasi-reorbganization)(美)资本保全(capital maintenance)资本化价值(capitalized value)资本因素(capital factor)资产负债法(asset/libility method)存货转让价格(inventory transfer price)创立合并(consolidation)出租人会计(accounting for leases-lessor)持有(产)损益(holding gains losses)持仓盈亏(opsition gain and loss)承租人会计(accounting for leases-leasee)成本回收法(cost recovery method)纵向合并(Vertical integration)综合变动(general change)子公司权益变动(change in ownership of a subsidiary)子公司(subsidiary company)资源税(resources tax)成本法(cost method)财产信托会计(fiduciary accounting)(美)财产税(property tax)部分分摊法(partial allocation)不合并子公司(unconsolidated subsidiaries)最低退休金负债(minimum liability)(美)租赁(leases)租金(rents)企业会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterprise organization)政府会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterprise organization)事业单位会计(accounting for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定资产(fixed assets for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定基金(fixed funds non-profit organizations)事业单位负债(liabilities for non-profit organizations)事业单位对外投资(outside investments for non-profit organizations)事业单位财务清算(liquidation of non-profit organization)上缴上级支出(payment to the higher authority)上级补助收入(grant from the higher authority)其他收入(miscellaneous gains)科学事业单位资产(scientific research instifutes’assets)科学事业单位支出(scientific research institutes’expenditures)科学事业单位预算(scientific research institutes’budgeting)科学事业单位收入(scientific research institutes’revenues)科学事业单位结余(scientific research institutes’surplus)科学事业单位会计制度(accointing regulations for scientific research instifutes)科学事业单位会计报表分析(scientific research institutes-analysis of accounting statements)科学事业单位会计(sicentific research institute accounting)科学事业单位成本费用管理(scientific research institutes-cost maragement)科学事业单位财务制度(financial regulations for scientific research institutes)经营支出(orerating expense )经营收入(operating revenue)基金预算支出(fund budget expenditure)基金预算收入(fund budget revenue)基金预算结余(surplus of fund budget)国家预算(state budget)国家决算(final accounts of state revenue and expenditure)高等学校资产(colleges and universities assets)高等学校支出(colleges and universities expenditures)高等学校预算管理方式(budget management method of colleges and universities)高等学校收入(colleges and universities revenues)专用基金支出(expenditure on special purpose fund)专用基金收入(proceeds from special purpose fund)专用基金结余(surplus of special purpose funds)中华人民共和国预算法(the budget law of the people’s Republic of China)资金调拨支出(expenditure on allocated and transeferred fund)财政收入(public finance-revemue)财政净资产(public finance-net assets)财政负债(public finance-liabilities)财政补助收入(grant from the state)拨入专款(restricted appropriation)dsa管理会计政治风险(political risk)再开票中心(reinvoicing center)现代管理会计专门方法(special methods of modern management accounting)现代管理会计(modern management accounting)提前与延期支付(Leads and Lags)特许权使用管理费(fees and royalties)跨国资本成本的计算(the cost of capital for foreign lnuertments)跨国运转资本会计(multinational working capital management)跨国经营企业业绩评价(multinational performance evaluation)经济风险管理(managing economic exposure )交易风险管理(managing transaction exposure)换算风险管理(managing translation exposure)国际投资决策会计(foreign project appraisal)国际管理会计(international management)国际存货管理(international inventory management)股利转移(dividend kemittances)公司内部贷款(intercompany loans)冻结资金转移(repatriating blocked funds)冻结资金保值(maintaining the value of blocked funds)调整后的净现值(adjusted net present value)。
成本 工作计划
成本工作计划
《成本工作计划》
在任何企业中,成本是一个至关重要的因素。
有效的成本控制和管理可以直接影响到企业的盈利能力和竞争力。
为了更好地控制成本,制定一份全面的成本工作计划至关重要。
首先,成本工作计划需要对企业的各个方面进行全面的分析和评估。
这包括生产过程中的原材料成本、人工成本、设备成本等,以及销售、市场推广、管理等方面的成本。
只有了解了各个方面的成本情况,企业才能有针对性地进行管理和控制。
其次,成本工作计划需要制定详细的成本控制措施。
这包括优化生产流程,提高效率,降低原材料浪费,节约能源等方面的措施。
同时,还需要从销售策略、成本核算、人力资源管理等方面入手,找到成本降低的有效途径。
另外,成本工作计划还需要设定明确的目标和指标。
这些目标和指标要具有可衡量性和可检验性,可以帮助企业及时了解成本控制的效果,及时调整计划。
最后,成本工作计划需要明确责任人和执行时间表。
只有有明确的责任人,才能保障计划的顺利实施。
同时,设定合理的时间表,也可以避免计划拖延或失效。
综上所述,《成本工作计划》是企业成本管理的重要工具,是
企业经营的基础。
只有不断完善和执行该计划,企业才能更好地控制成本,提高盈利能力,保持竞争力。
道路工程专业词汇英语翻译
道路工程专业词汇英语翻译桥梁 bridge公路干道 highway工程工程学 engineering公路工程 highway engineering路基 roadbase路面 pavement构造物建造构成制造 construct施工(名) construction试验室 laboratory现场检测 field test(名)试验检验(不)进行试验 experiment 试验检测测量 test质量上流社会的 quality合格,取得资格 qualify材料 material沥青柏油以沥青铺(一般指沥青路)asphalt 沥青(指原材料) bitumen沥青的 bituminous沥青混合料 bituminous mixture混凝土 concrete钢筋混凝土 rc (reinforced concrete)信誉信用贷款 credit进度快慢 tempo计划 plan评定 evaluation检查(名)检验 inspection标准水准规格标准的合格的 standard技术性的工业的 technical技术技巧技术的工艺的专门的 technic水泥 cement碎石路碎石路 macadam砂砾碎石砂砾层 gravel钢筋 reinforcing steel bar或reinfored steel 石石头石场石的石制的 stone检查员 inspector测量(名) measuring测量(及)检测(及)勘测测绘(名)survey 设备仪器装置 device申请 application铺路工人 paver经理 manager加强 reinforce(被加强的 reinforced )sign 签字署名通知list 表名册目录列举tabulation 制表列表表格mapping 绘图制图camera 照相机photo 照片给。
拍照拍照lime 石灰petrol 汽油diesel-oil 柴油planer 计划者planed 有计划的根据计划的pile 柱桩把桩打入用桩支撑weld 焊接焊牢焊接点welder 焊接者焊工laborer 劳动者劳工辅助工manpower 人力劳动力人力资源雇佣使用利用 employ职业租用受雇 employment项目条款 item关税税款税 impostresign 放弃辞去辞职document 公文文件证件time limit from project 工期weighbridge 地磅台秤transbit 经纬仪mention 提到说起表扬career 职业经历skill 技术技能trade 行业商业owe 欠债organization 组织机构团体traffic 交通交往通行交易买卖spend 预算花钱浪费interest 股息股份兴趣cost 费用成本花费wage 薪水报酬earning 工资收入利润cash 现金现款把...兑现tax 税负担向...纳税deficit 赤字不足额业主owner(北美用)、employer(英语国用)发展商(房屋等业主)client 或 developer承包商contractor总承包商prime contractor或general contractor 分承包商nominated contractor专业承包商specialist contractor咨询公司consulting firm 或 consultants 咨询工程师consulting engineer建筑师architect建筑工程经理constraction manager项目经理program manager材料供应商supplier建筑经济学contraction economics亚洲开发银行asian development bank 世界银行集团 world bank group学会 institute协会association组织结构organizational styucture基础设施infrastructure环境environment质量管理体系qulity management system 质量方针quality policy质量目标 quality objective职能,函数,职务function计量的metrological鉴定qualification评审review效率efficiency验证verification顾客,消费者customer过程process产品product项目,预计的,计划的project程序procedure特性characteristic记录record检验inspection文件document信息information能力capabitily 满意satisfaction投标邀请书invitation for bids公开招标unlimited competitive open biding 投标者须知instruction to bidders银行保函bank guarantee担保公司security company支付保函 payment guarantee资质说明statement of qualification单位成本 cost per unit成本计划cost plan成本价 price cost业主要求client´s requirements投标书tender 或 bid 或 proposal合同条件condition of contract合同协议书 agreement图纸drawings工程量表bill of quantities投标保证bid security保价offer开标tender 或 bid评标bid evaluation施工项目work items总价合同lump sum contract专题报告subjective report审核audit 审核员auditor测量控制measurement control测量设备measureing equipment技术专家technical expert 习惯,惯例custom选择selection确定,决定definition合格conformity不合格nonconformity缺陷defect预防措施preventive action 纠正措施corrective action 返工rework降级regrade返修repair报废serap让步concession放行release。
成本计划的内容
成本计划的内容成本计划。
成本计划是指企业在实施项目或生产经营过程中,为了合理控制和预测成本而制定的一项计划。
它是企业经营管理中非常重要的一环,对企业的经营效益和长远发展具有重要的影响。
一个合理的成本计划可以帮助企业有效地控制成本,提高经营效益,增强企业的竞争力。
首先,成本计划应该包括成本的分类和预算。
在制定成本计划时,首先需要对成本进行合理的分类,将成本按照其性质和用途进行分类,以便更好地进行成本控制和管理。
然后,根据企业的经营规模和经营特点,制定相应的成本预算,包括生产成本、销售成本、管理成本等各个方面的成本预算。
其次,成本计划还应包括成本控制的具体措施和方法。
成本控制是成本计划的重要内容,它包括了对成本的实际发生情况进行监控和调整。
在制定成本计划时,需要明确成本控制的具体措施和方法,包括成本的监控频率、成本控制的责任人、成本控制的具体方法等,以便在实际操作中更好地进行成本控制。
另外,成本计划还应包括成本的分析和评估。
在实施成本计划的过程中,需要对成本的实际发生情况进行定期的分析和评估,及时发现成本偏差和问题,并采取相应的措施加以解决。
通过成本的分析和评估,可以及时调整成本计划,保证企业的成本控制和管理工作能够顺利进行。
最后,成本计划还应包括成本的核算和考核。
在实施成本计划的过程中,需要对成本的实际发生情况进行核算和考核,对成本控制和管理的效果进行评价。
通过成本的核算和考核,可以及时发现成本控制和管理的问题,为下一阶段的成本计划制定提供参考依据。
综上所述,成本计划是企业经营管理中非常重要的一环,它对企业的经营效益和长远发展具有重要的影响。
一个合理的成本计划可以帮助企业有效地控制成本,提高经营效益,增强企业的竞争力。
因此,企业在制定成本计划时,需要充分考虑成本的分类和预算、成本控制的具体措施和方法、成本的分析和评估、成本的核算和考核等各个方面的内容,以便更好地进行成本控制和管理,实现企业的可持续发展。
主送论文
工程项目成本管理方法的分析研究上海现代建设咨询有限公司沈浩摘要本文主要分析工程项目成本管理的内容及基本步骤;国际上工程项目成本管理的共同特征,成本管理的技术与工具,并对发达国家和地区的项目成本管理特点进行介绍;就国内外工程项目成本管理进行对比分析,并提出提升国内工程项目成本管理水平的建议。
关键词:成本管理、国外先进技术与工具、国际惯例一、工程项目成本管理概述1.1工程项目成本管理的内容工程项目成本管理是指在项目实施过程中,为确保项目在批准的成本预算内尽可能好地完成,而对所需的各个过程进行的组织、计划、控制和协调等活动。
根据国际上的惯例,工程项目成本管理,是从可行性研究阶段的工程成本预测开始,到工程实际成本的确定和经济后评价为止的成本管理,涵盖整个建设期间,即全过程的成本管理。
目前,国际上工程项目实施过程中,一般由业主委托专业组织进行成本管理,包括工程咨询公司、成本管理公司、工料测量师和管理总承包单位等;也有企业自行组织成本管理。
由于工程项目从立项到建成投产分为不同的阶段,而且通常情况下各阶段工作的委托形式也不同,因此成本管理的目标和内容亦不一致:(1)工程项目成本管理应考虑项目全过程的管理,决策和设计阶段虽然费用少,但对成本的影响起着决定性作用。
此外,同一个工程项目有若干个可实施的投资方案,这就需进行投资效果比较,以选择最优方案。
(2)工程项目成本管理应考虑项目的全寿命周期成本(Life Cycle Cost),即不局限于建设成本,还应考虑运营成本。
通常对于确定的功能需要,建设质量标准高,则建设成本增加,运营成本一般会降低;反之,如果建设成本低,运营成本就会提高。
(3)工程项目成本管理应努力实现项目建设成本最小化与项目盈利最大化的统一。
盈利最大化是整个项目(包括生产运行期)的效益角度分析的。
(4)工程项目成本管理应根据工程实施过程中所需的资金计划,提出经济可行的融资方案。
1.2工程项目成本管理的基本步骤国际建筑市场上,欧美等国长期占有相当大的市场份额,因此这些国家工程项目管理的做法在国际上影响较大,这些国家的管理手段和先进理念值得我们借鉴和学习,归纳国际上常用的工程项目成本管理的基本步骤大致所示:(1)资源规划(Resource Planning);资源规划的过程即回答项目诸项活动何时需要投入何种以及多少资源等问题的过程。
成本计划一般包括的内容
成本计划一般包括的内容英文回答:A cost plan, also known as a cost estimate or cost budget, is a comprehensive document that outlines the anticipated costs associated with a project or undertaking. It is a critical tool for project managers, contractors, and stakeholders as it provides a detailed breakdown of the expenses involved and serves as a baseline for financial planning and control.Cost plans typically include the following key components:Project scope: A clear definition of the project's objectives, deliverables, and boundaries.Work breakdown structure (WBS): A hierarchical breakdown of the project into smaller, manageable tasks.Resource requirements: An identification of the personnel, equipment, materials, and other resources required to complete the project.Cost estimates: Detailed estimates of the costs associated with each task, including labor, materials, equipment, and indirect expenses.Contingency fund: A reserve set aside to cover unforeseen or unexpected costs.Assumptions and constraints: A list of the assumptions and constraints that have been considered in developing the cost plan.Approval and sign-off: The approval and sign-off of the cost plan by authorized individuals.中文回答:成本计划通常包括以下内容:项目范围,项目目标、可交付成果和边界的明确定义。
会计术语中英文对照
会计术语中英文对照跨期摊提费用分配(inter-period expenses allocation)计划成本(planned cost)数量差异(quantity variance)燃料费用分配(fuel expenses allocation)定额成本控制制度(norm cost control system)定额管理(management norm)可递延成本与不可递延成本(deferrable cost and undeferrable cost)成本控制标准(standard of cost control)副产品成本计算(by-product costing)责任成本(responsibility cost)生产损失核算(production loss accounting)生产成本(production cost)预计成本(predicted cost)成本结构(cost structure)房地产开发成本主要成本与加工成本(prime costs and processing costs)决策成本(cost of decision making)成本计算品种法(category costing method)在产品成本(work-in-process cost)工厂成本(factory cost)成本考核(cost assess )制造费用(manufactruing expenses)动力费用分配(power expenses allocation)趋势分析法(trend analysis approach)成本计算简单法(simple costing method)责任成本层次(levels of responsibility cost)对比分析法(comparative analysis approach)约当产量比例法(equivalent units method)原始记录(original record)可比产品成本分析(general product cost analysis)成本计算方法(costing method)成本计算对象(costing objective)成本计算单位(costing unit)成本计划完成情况分析成本计划管理体系(planned management system of cost)成本计划(cost plan)成本会计(cost accounting)成本核算原则(principle of costing)成本核算程序(cost accounting qrocedures)成本核算成本(costing account)成本核算(costing)成本归集(cost accumulation)成本管理(cost management)成本分析(cost analysis)成本分配(ocst allocation)成本分类账(cost ledger)成本分类(cost classifiction)成本费用界限成本调整(cost adjustment)成本差异(cost variance)成本报告(costing report)成本(cost)车间成本(workshop cost)厂内经济核算制(internal business accounting system)厂内结算价格(internal settlement prices)产品寿命周期成本(product life cycle cost)产品成本项目(cost items of product)产品成本技术经济分析产品成本计划(the plan of product costs)产品成本(product cost)初级会计汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)汇总记账凭证核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using summary ovchers)工作底稿(working paper)复式记账凭证(mvltiple account titles voucher)复式记账法(Double entry bookkeeping)复合分录(compound entry)划线更正法(correction by drawing a straight ling)汇总原始凭证(cumulative source document)会计凭证(accounting documents)会计科目表(chart of accounts)会计科目(account title)红字更正法(correction by using red ink)会计核算形式(bookkeeping procedures)过账(posting)会计分录(accounting entry)会计循环(accounting cycle)会计账簿(Book of accounts)活页式账簿(loose-leaf book)集合分配账户(clearing accounts)计价对比账户(matching accounts)记账方法(bookkeeping methods)记账规则(recording rules)记账凭证(voucher)记账凭证核算形式(Bookkeeping proced ureusing vouchers)记账凭证汇总表核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using categorized account summary)简单分录(simple entry)结算账户(settlement accounts)结账(closing account)结账分录(closing entry)借贷记账法(debit-credit bookkeeping)通用日记账核算形式(bookkeeping procedure using general journal)外来原始凭证(source document from outside)现金日记账(cash journal)虚账户(nominal accounts)序时账簿(book of chronological entry)一次凭证(single-record document)银行存款日记账(deposit journal)永续盘存制(perpetual inventory system)原始凭证(source document)暂记账户(suspense accounts)增减记账法(increase-decrease bookkeeping)债权结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim)债权债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of claim and debt)债务结算账户(accounts for settlement of debt)账户(account)账户编号(Account number)账户对应关系(debit-credit relationship)账项调整(adjustment of account)专用记账凭证(special-purpose voucher)转回分录(reversing entry)资金来源账户(accounts of sources of funds)资产负债账户(balance sheet accounts)转账凭证(transfer voucher)资金运用账户(accounts of applications of funds)自制原始凭证(internal source document)总分类账簿(general ledger)总分类账户(general account)附加账户(adjunct accounts)付款凭证(payment voucher)分类账簿(ledger)中级会计固定资产(fixed assets)利润总额利益分配(profit distribution)应计费用(accrued expense)商标权(trademarks and tradenames)全部履行法净利润(net income)应付利润(profit payable)未分配利润收益债券(income bonds)货币资金利息资本化(capitalization of interests)公益金工程物资预付账款(advance to supplier)其他应收款(other receivables)现金(cash)预收账款公司债券发行(corporate bond floatation)应付工资(wages payable)实收资本(paid-in capital)盈余公积(surplus reserves)管理费用土地使用权股利(dividend)应交税金(taxes payable)流动资金负商誉(negative goodwill)费用的确认(recognition of expense)短期投资(temporary investment)专项资产【旧】专有技术(know-how)专营权(franchises)资本公积(capital reserves)资产负债表法资金占用和资金来源[旧]自然资源(natural resources)存货(inventory)车间经费【旧】偿债基金(sinking fund)长期应付款(long-term payables)长期投资(long-term investments)长期借款(long-term loans)长期负债(long-term liability of long-term debt)财务费用(financing expenses)拨定留存收益(appropriated retained earnings)标准成本法(standard costing)变动成本法(variable costing)比例履行法包装物版权(copyrights)高级会计期货交易市场(market of futures transaction)期货交易(futures transaction)举债经营融资租赁(leveraged lease)金融工具(financial instruments)企业集团(business qroup)年度报告(annual report)内部往来(transactions between home office and branches)合伙企业(partnership enterprise)合并资产负债表(consolidated balance sheet)合并主体的所得税会计(accounting for income taxes of consolidated entities)(美)合并现金流量表(consolidated statement of cash flow)合并价差(cost-book value differentials)合并会计报表(consolidated financial statements)购买法(purchase methed)企业整体价值(the value of an enterprise as a whole)权益结合法(pooling of interest method)期内所得税分摊(intraperiod tax allocation)(美)期末存货的未实现损益(unrealized profit in ending inventory)公司间的长期资产业务(intercompanytransactions in long-term assets)名义货币保全(maintaining capital in units of money)基金论(the fund theory)功能性货币(functional currency)(美)汇兑损益(exchange gains or losses)合并财务状况变动表(consolidated statement of changes in financial poition)合并财务状况变动表(consolidated statement of changes in financial poition)换算损益(translation gains or losses)举债经营收购(Leveraged buyouts,简称LBC)(美)母公司持股比例变动(change in ownership percentage held by parent)交互分配法(reciprocal allocation approach)(美)货币项(monetary items)合伙清算(partnership liquidation全面分摊法(comprehensive allocation)固定资产投资方向调节税合并费用(expenses related to combinations)间接标价法(indirect quotation)买入汇率(buying rate)期货合约(futrues contract)混合合并(conglomeration)控投公司(holding company)股票指数期货(stock index futrues)横向销售(crosswise sale)固定汇率(fixed rate)纳税影响法(tax effect method)记账汇率(recording rate)横向合并(horizontal integration)合并前股利(preacquisition dividends)可变现净值(net realizable)企业合并会计(accounting for business combination)平仓盈亏(offset gain and loss)卖出汇率(selling rate)金融期货交易(financial futures transaction)会计利润(accounting income)合并损益表(consolidated income statement)公允价值(fair value)期权(options)间接控股(indirect holding)两笔交易观(two-transaction opinion)破产清算(bankrupcy liquidation)企业合并(business combination)企业论(the enterprise theory)商品寄销(consignment)个人所得税(personal income tax)个人财务报表(personal financial state-ments)(美)改组计划(reorganization plan)(美)改组(reorganization)复杂权益法(complex equity method)附属公司(associated company)负权人偿金(dividend)浮动汇率(floating rate)分支机构会计(accounting for branch)推定赎回损益(constructive gains and losses on bonds)推定赎回(constructive retirement)投机(spculation)贴水(discount)特定物价指数(specific price index)分支机构(branch)分期收款销货(installment sales)分次清算(installment liquidation)分部报告(segmental reporting)房地产收入(real estate revenue)房地产成本(cost of real setate)房地产(real estate)多种汇率法(multiply exchange rate)对境外实体的净投资(net investment in foreign entities)订量单位:(units of measurement)递延法(deffered method)当代理论(contemporary theory)单一汇率法(singal method)退休金(pension plan)退休金会计(accounting for pension plan)(美)退休金给付义务(pension benefit obligations)(美)外币(foreign currency)外币业务(foreign currency transaction)吸收合并(merger)物价变动会计(accounting for price changes)无偿债能力(insolvency)完全合并(full consolidation)物价指数(price index)物价变动(price changes)完全应计法(full accrual method)物价总指数(general price index)外汇期货交易(foreign exchange frtrues transaction)下推会计(push-down accounting)(美)先折算后调整法(translation-remeasurement method)现行成本/稳值货币会计(current cost/general purchasing power accountin)现行成本(crurent cost)现行成本会计(current cost accounting)先调整后折算法(remeasurement-translation method)销售代理处(sales agency)相互持股(mutual holdings)相对账户调节(reconciliation of home office and branch accounts)新合伙人入伙(admission of a new parther)向上销售(upstream sale)衍生金融工具(derivative financial instru-ments)销售式融资租赁(sales-type financing lease)向下销售(downstream sale)消费税(consumer tax)一笔交易观(one-transaction opinion)业主权论(the proprietorship theory)一般物价水准会计(general price level accounting)一般购买力单位(units of general purchasing power)招股说明书(prospectus)中间汇率(middle rate)中期报告(interim reporting)重置成本(replacement cost)转租赁(subleases)准改组(quasi-reorbganization)(美)资本保全(capital maintenance)资本化价值(capitalized value)资本因素(capital factor)资产负债法(asset/libility method)存货转让价格(inventory transfer price)创立合并(consolidation)出租人会计(accounting for leases-lessor)持有(产)损益(holding gains losses)持仓盈亏(opsition gain and loss)承租人会计(accounting for leases-leasee)成本回收法(cost recovery method)纵向合并(Vertical integration)综合变动(general change)子公司权益变动(change in ownership of a subsidiary)子公司(subsidiary company)资源税(resources tax)成本法(cost method)财产信托会计(fiduciary accounting)(美)财产税(property tax)部分分摊法(partial allocation)不合并子公司(unconsolidated subsidiaries)最低退休金负债(minimum liability)(美)租赁(leases)租金(rents)企业会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterprise organization)政府会计企业财务(business finance)期权市场(option market)期货市场(future market)可转让定期存单市场(negotiable CDmarket)货币市场(money market)黄金市场(gold market)国有独资公司股份有限公司(company limited by shares)股份两合公司(limited pactnership)公司(company)二级市场(security secondary market)独资企业(sole proprietorship)店头市场(over-the -counter-market)承兑市场(acceptance market)拆借市场(lending market)财务制度(financial regulations)财务政策(financial policy)财务预测(financial forecast)财务控制(financial control)金融市场(financial market)财务决策(financial decision)财务监督(financial cupervision)财务计划(financial planning)财务活动(financial activities)财务管理组织(organization of financial management)一级市场(security primary market)无限责任公司(company of unlimited liability)外汇市场(foreign exchange market)贴现市场(dixcount market)企业组织形式(forms of enterpriseorganization)事业单位会计(accounting for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定资产(fixed assets for non-profit organizations)事业单位固定基金(fixed funds non-profit organizations)事业单位负债(liabilities for non-profit organizations)事业单位对外投资(outside investments for non-profit organizations)事业单位财务清算(liquidation of non-profit organization)上缴上级支出(payment to the higher authority)上级补助收入(grant from the higher authority)其他收入(miscellaneous gains)科学事业单位资产(scientific research instifutes’assets)科学事业单位支出(scientific research institutes’expenditures)科学事业单位预算(scientific research in stitutes’budgeting)科学事业单位收入(scientific research institutes’revenues)科学事业单位结余(scientific research institutes’surplus)科学事业单位会计制度(accointing regulations for scientific research instifutes)科学事业单位会计报表分析(scientific research institutes-analysis of accounting statements)科学事业单位会计(sicentific research institute accounting)科学事业单位成本费用管理(scientific research institutes-cost maragement)科学事业单位财务制度(financial regulations for scientific research institutes)经营支出(orerating expense )经营收入(operating revenue)基金预算支出(fund budget expenditure)基金预算收入(fund budget revenue)基金预算结余(surplus of fund budget)国家预算(state budget)国家决算(final accounts of state revenue and expenditure)高等学校资产(colleges and universities assets)高等学校支出(colleges and universities expenditures)高等学校预算管理方式(budget management method of colleges and universities)高等学校收入(colleges and universities revenues)专用基金支出(expenditure on special purpose fund)专用基金收入(proceeds from special purpose fund)专用基金结余(surplus of special purpose funds)中华人民共和国预算法(the budget law of the people’s Republic of China)资金调拨支出(expenditure on allocated and transeferred fund)财政收入(public finance-revemue)财政净资产(public finance-net assets)财政负债(public finance-liabilities)财政补助收入(grant from the state)拨入专款(restricted appropriation)dsa管理会计政治风险(political risk)再开票中心(reinvoicing center)现代管理会计专门方法(special methods of modern management accounting)现代管理会计(modern management accounting)提前与延期支付(Leads and Lags)特许权使用管理费(fees and royalties)跨国资本成本的计算(the cost of capital for foreign lnuertments)跨国运转资本会计(multinational working capital management)跨国经营企业业绩评价(multinational performance evaluation)经济风险管理(managing economic exposure )交易风险管理(managing transaction exposure)换算风险管理(managing translation exposure)国际投资决策会计(foreign project appraisal)国际管理会计(international management)国际存货管理(international inventory management)股利转移(dividend kemittances)公司内部贷款(intercompany loans)冻结资金转移(repatriating blocked funds)冻结资金保值(maintaining the value of blocked funds)调整后的净现值(adjusted net present value)。
(财务会计)会计术语中英文对照
成本核算程序(cost accounting qrocedures)
成本核算成本(costing account)
成本核算(costing)
成本归集(cost accumulation)
成本管理(cost management)
成本分析(cost analysis)
成本结构(cost structure)
房地产开发成本
主要成本与加工成本(prime costs and processing costs)
决策成本(cost of decision making)
成本计算品种法(category costing method)
在产品成本(work-in-process cost)
公益金
工程物资
预付账款(advance to supplier)
其他应收款(other receivables)
现金(cash)
预收账款
公司债券发行(corporate bond floatation)
应付工资(wages payable)
实收资本(paid-in capital)
盈余公积(surplus reserves)
成本分配(ocst allocation)
成本分类账(cost ledger)
成本分类(cost classifiction)
成本费用界限
成本调整(cost adjustment)
成本差异(cost variance)
成本报告(costing report)
成本(cost)
车间成本(workshop cost)
复式记账凭证(mvltiple account titles voucher)
成本会计-成本预测、成本计划和成本决策
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二、成本决策的基本程序
(1)确定成本决策目标 (2)收集资料 (3)拟定可行性方案,进行方案评价 (4)做出成本决策
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三、成本决策方法
1、差量分析法 2、量本利分析法 3、决策表法 4、决策树法 举例见教材P349-358
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第三节 成本决策
一、成本决策概述 1、概念
成本决策是为了实现既定目标,在充 分占有必要的信息资料的基础上,借助于 成本预测的结果,比较各种备选方案,从 中优选的过程。
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2、成本决策的作用
(1)成本决策是建立现代企业制度的客观要 求
(2)成本决策是提高企业经济效益的重要途 径
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三、成本计划的编制方法
1、集中编制成本计划的方式 (1)单位产品成本计划的编制 (2)全部产品成本计划的编制 (3)生产费用预算的编制
举例见教材P337-341
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2、分级核算成本计划的编制
(1)辅助生产车间费用计划的编制 (2)基本生产车间成本计划的编制 (3)全厂商品产品成本计划的编制
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第二节 成本计划
一、成本计划概述 1、概念
成本计划是以成本预测为基础,根据 目标成本,以货币形式预先规定企业在计 划期内产品生产耗费和各种产品的成本水 平,以及为保证成本计划实现而采取的主 要措施和方案。
成本计划评审法的应用例题及解析
成本计划评审法的应用例题及解析英文回答:Cost plan review is a method used in project management to evaluate the cost estimates and budgets of a project. It involves a comprehensive examination of the project's cost plan to ensure that it is accurate, realistic, and aligned with the project objectives. This review is typically conducted by a group of experts, including project managers, financial analysts, and other stakeholders.One example of the application of cost plan review isin the construction industry. Let's say I am a project manager overseeing the construction of a new office building. Before the project begins, I develop a cost plan that includes estimates for materials, labor, equipment,and other expenses. However, before finalizing the plan, I schedule a cost plan review with a team of experts.During the review, the team carefully examines eachcost estimate in the plan. They analyze the accuracy of the estimates by comparing them to historical data from similar projects. They also consider any potential risks or uncertainties that may affect the cost estimates. For example, they may take into account the possibility of price fluctuations in construction materials or changes in labor costs.The team also evaluates the overall budget of the project. They assess whether the budget is realistic and sufficient to cover all the project's expenses. If any discrepancies or concerns are identified, they discuss possible solutions and make recommendations for adjustments to the cost plan.After the review, I take the team's feedback into consideration and make any necessary revisions to the cost plan. This ensures that the cost estimates and budget are accurate and realistic, reducing the likelihood of cost overruns or financial issues during the project.中文回答:成本计划评审法是项目管理中一种评估项目成本估算和预算的方法。
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成本计划(cost plan)
也叫成本预算,它是指以货币形式反映一定时期内生产成本水平的总体安排。
成本计划的编制可以反映企业各部门和产品的成本消耗和变化程度,也是成本控制和考核的依据。
通过成本计划的编制和实施,可以确定企业成本管理的目的和方向,提出科学合理提高成本管理水平的有效措施。
成本计划主要包括以下内容:生产成本计划、产品单位成本计划、所有商品的成本计划、不同产品的制造成本计划、间接成本计划以及降低成本的相关措施由于企业规模、生产特点和管理要求的不同,成本计划的编制一般可分为三种情况:工厂部门直接编制全厂的成本计划(不考虑车间);首先,部门和车间准备部门成本计划,然后为整个工厂编制成本计划。
部门车间和全厂联合编制成本计划,即重要的成本项目由车间和部门分别列出。