计算机专业英语复习资料3
计算机专业英语Unit3
Section 2 Passages
பைடு நூலகம்
Section 3 Skill in Focus
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Section 4 Extended Reading
Unit 3 Operation System
Section 1 Situational Dialogue
System Crash 1、在使用计算机的过程中，你遇到过系统崩溃的情况吗， 简单描述一下。
• • • •
Unit 3 Operation System
Section 2 Passage A： Categories of Operating System
1、你所知道的操作系统有哪些 2、你觉得未来操作系统的发展趋势是什么
Unit 3 Section 2 Passage A
• OS • software • application program • resource • error • batch processing • real-time • multi-tasking • multi-user • distributed • time sharing • desktop
• •
• •
Unit 3 Section 1
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Zhang Ning: Well, there might many causes for system crash. One of them is software. The simplest operation like installing and uninstalling might cause a crash in system. Problems within the system may also do that, so you have to be very careful when deleting DLL files, modifying Windows registry, or upgrading the operating system. Another cause is the hardware problem. Have you tried backing up the files? It would be a great help in system restoration when the problem doesn’t lie in the hardware. Cheng Hong: The service personnel installed a ghost program for me when I bought the computer. Will I lose the data in my hard disk if it is restored? Qian Liang: Not except the data on C: drive, where files on your desktop or in My Documents are stored. You may move them into other locations with a bootable disk or under DOS if there are any. Cheng Hong: There are a lot of learning materials in My Documents and on the desktop. Would you please help me transfer them? It might save me the trouble of calling for customer services, and what’s more important, I’d learn a lot from you. Qian Liang: No problem.
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料1、that the processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system;(p1) 处理器是计算机智能系统2、In 1965,when he first set out what we now call Moore’s Law,Gordon Moore said the number of components that could be packed onto an integrated circuit would double every year or so(later amended to18 months). (P17)在1965年，⼽登穆尔说，可以将很多的零部件装载在⼀个集成电路元件中，这样的话就可以每年都翻倍，这也就是他第⼀次提出摩尔定律（后来修订为18个⽉）3-43、This multicore processor plugs directly into a single socket on the motherboard. (P18)这种多内核处理器直接插⼊主板上的⼀个单⼀的插座。
4、Multicore processors are especially well suited to tasks that have operations that can be divided up into separate thread and run in parallel. (P18)多核处理器特别适合那些可以分成单线程和并⾏运⾏的任务操作。
5、640*480 means that the screen consists of 640 columns by 480 rows of pixels. (P36)640×480表⽰屏幕由640列480⾏的像素组成。
6-76、However, they also are bulky, fragile, and consume a great deal of power. (p37)然⽽，他们也都是笨重的，脆弱的，并且消耗⼤量的电⼒。
计算机专业英语Unit 3
Unit 3Text 11.Match each of the words or phrases with their Chinese meaning.disk 磁盘modem 调制解调器driver 驱动器printer 打印机display 显示器mouse 鼠标keyboard 键盘computer 计算机2.Fill a correct word learned in this text in each of the blanks.(1)The display of the computer is also called______.Screen(2)The function of a ____ is to print the information or data on a piece of paper.printer(3)The keyboard is one of the _____devices.input(4) A modem plays an important role when you want to use the ______.internet3. Translation.(1)我是一个操作员。
I am a computer programmer.(2)什么是电子计算机？What is a electronic computer?(3)我有一个键盘。
I have a keyboard(4)It costs me 4000 Yuan to buy a computer.买一台电脑需要花费我4000元人民币。
(5)I am now finding a file that was deleted by mistake.我正在找一个不小心被我误删的文件。
(6)There was some problems with my mouse. Maybe it’s not clean.我的鼠标器有点问题，也许是它不干净了。
Unit3computers知识点
Unit3computers知识点一、计算机的发展历程计算机的发展可以追溯到古代，当时人们就已经开始使用各种计算工具来解决数学问题。
然而，现代计算机的真正起源可以追溯到 20 世纪。
在20 世纪 40 年代，第一台电子计算机ENIAC 诞生。
它体积庞大，使用了大量的真空管，运算速度相对较慢，但却标志着计算机时代的开始。
随着技术的进步，计算机逐渐变得更小、更快、更强大。
晶体管的发明取代了真空管，大大减小了计算机的体积和能耗。
集成电路的出现进一步推动了计算机的微型化和性能提升。
从大型机到小型机，再到个人电脑的普及，计算机已经成为人们生活和工作中不可或缺的一部分。
如今，我们拥有超级计算机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑和智能手机等各种各样的计算设备。
二、计算机的组成部分计算机主要由硬件和软件两大部分组成。
硬件包括中央处理器（CPU）、内存、硬盘、显卡、声卡、主板、电源等组件。
CPU 是计算机的核心，负责执行各种计算和控制任务。
内存用于暂时存储正在运行的程序和数据，其速度较快，但容量相对较小。
硬盘则用于长期存储大量的数据和程序，容量较大但速度相对较慢。
显卡负责处理图像和视频的显示输出，声卡用于处理声音的输入和输出。
主板将各个硬件组件连接在一起，使它们能够协同工作。
电源则为整个计算机系统提供电力支持。
软件分为系统软件和应用软件。
系统软件如操作系统（Windows、Mac OS、Linux 等），负责管理计算机的硬件资源和提供基本的服务。
应用软件则是为了满足用户的各种具体需求而开发的，如办公软件（Word、Excel、PowerPoint）、图形设计软件（Photoshop、Illustrator）、游戏软件等。
三、计算机的工作原理计算机的工作原理基于二进制。
所有的数据和指令都以二进制的形式存储和处理。
当我们输入指令或数据时，计算机将其转换为二进制编码，并通过电路传输到 CPU 进行处理。
CPU 根据预先设定的程序和算法，对这些二进制数据进行运算和逻辑操作，然后将结果输出。
计算机专业英语 Unit 3 Operating System
contiguous memory free up memory
magnetic disk optical media non-volatile storage
连续内存 释放内存
磁盘 光盘 非易失性存储
New Words and Useful Expressions
access time network adapter peripheral device circuit board chain of command 存取时间 网络适配器 外设 电路板 命令串
Real-time operating system (RTOS)
Real-time operating systems are used to control machinery, scientific instruments and industrial systems. Little user-interface capability, and no end-user utilities, since the system will be a "sealed box" when delivered for use. A very important part of an RTOS is managing the resources of the computer so that a particular operation executes in precisely the same amount of time, every time it occurs.
Specific Operating System
There are hundreds of other operating systems available for special-purpose applications, including specializations for mainframes, robotics, manufacturing, real-time control systems and so on.
计算机专业英语第三章
计算机专业英语
》》
UNIT THREE
keep track of 明了 free adj.自由的，免费的，空闲的 multiprogramming 多道程序 allocate vt.分派，分配 reclaim vt.要求归还，收回 no longer 不再 terminate v.停止，结束，终止
n.资源，财力，办法，智谋
计算机专业英语
》》
UNIT THREE
Memory Management Functions Keep track of the memory. What parts are in use and by whom? What parts are free? If multiprogramming, decide which process gets memory, when it gets it and how much. Allocate the memory, and reclaim the memory when the process no longer needs it or has been terminated.
计算机专业英语
》》
UNIT THREE
4. A user communicates with the operating system through . a. instructions c. hardware b. a program d. a command language 5. The operating system is loaded by . a. the command processor b. a boot c. the program loader d. an interrupt
计算机专业英语复习资料
Computer software system计算机软件系统Operating system操作系统Three dimensional三维Disk operating system磁盘操作系统Network operating system网络操作系统Office software办公软件Reading software阅读软件Typewriting software打字软件Antivirus software杀毒软件Download software下载软件Graphic design software图形设计软件Chatting software聊天软件Arithmetic logic unit算术逻辑单元Central processing unit中央处理器floppy disk软盘mobile hard disk移动硬盘electronic form电子表格word processing system文字处理系统device management设备管理software management软件管理file management文件管理job processing作业处理work book工作簿work sheet工作表web-camera摄像头graphical interface图形界面graphical browser图形浏览器graphical design图形设计windows operating system窗口操作系统management information system管理信息系统panda joss stick熊猫烧香hard disk硬盘mobile disk移动磁盘ROM read only memory只读存储器CPU central processing unit中央处理器USB universal serial通用串行总线PC personal computer个人计算机CD compact disk光盘3D three dimensional三维DOS disk operating system磁盘操作系统OS operating system操作系统WC water closet厕所BC Before Christ公元前ALU arithmetic logic unit运算逻辑单元RAM random access memory随机存储器DVD digital video disk数字视频磁盘VCD video compact disk视频光盘IT information technology信息技术IBM international business machines国际商用机MSN Microsoft network 微软提供的网络在线服务MOS multitask operating system多任务操作系统IS international standard国际标准EC electronic commerce电子商务CAD computer aided design计算机辅助设计An integrated computer has two parts。
计算机专业英语03 Computer system
译文：在个人计算机系统中，常用的（术语和提示信息）
•Bluetooth：蓝牙（Figure 3-4），频率为 2.45GHz的通用无线电通信接口，通过一个特 殊的网络可以在各种便携设备之间建立起无 线连接并进行短程通信。
It is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results[1] （Figure 3-2）.
This section will explain why a computer is a system and how a computer system is organized[2].
Vocabulary and Keywords（生词 和关键词）
definition [ defi'ni ən] n. 定义，解说，精
确度，（轮廓、影像等的）清晰度
构词法：define v. 定义→ definition accurate ['ækjurət] adj. 正确的，精确的 symbol ['simbəl] n. 符号，记号 manipulate [mə'nipjuleit] v.（熟练地）操作，
When you turn the machine off, the content immediately vanishs.
(4) Output Devices
Like input devices, output devices are instruments of interpretation and communication between humans and computer systems[4].
计算机专业英语复习资料整理
英译汉汉译英翻译&简答1）The motherboard is the communications web for the entire computer system.译:主板是整个计算机系统的沟通网。
2）The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brain” of the computer.译:中央处理单元，即CPU，是计算机的“大脑”3）CPU consists of two function al units: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit.译:CPU有两个功能单元：控制单元和算术-逻辑单元。
4）A computer is a fast and accurate system that is organized to accept, store and process data, and produce results under the direction of a stored program.5）译:计算机是快速而精准的系统，它用来接收、存储和处理数据，并在已存储的程序的指引下输出结果。
6）When people use the term “memory” in reference to computers, they are almost always referring to the computer’s main memory (or primary memory) called random access memory or RAM, which is comprised of chips attached to the motherboard.译:当人们谈及计算机用到“内存”这个术语时，他们几乎总是在指被称为随机存储器RAM的计算机的主存储器，它是由固定在主板上的芯片构成的。
计算机专业英语3
Unit 3 Computer Language andProgrammingSection AProgrammingLanguageI. IntroductionProgramming languages, in computer science, are the artificial languages used to write a sequence of instructions (a computer program) that can be run by a computer. Similar to natural languages, such as English, programming languages have a vocabulary, grammar, and syntax. However, natural languages are not suited for programming computers because they are ambiguous, meaning that their vocabulary and grammatical structure may be interpreted in multiple ways. The languages used to program computers must have simple logical structures, and the rules for their grammar, spelling, and punctuation must be precise.Programming languages vary greatly in their sophistication and in their degree of versatility. Some programming languages are written to address（处理）a particular kind of computing problem or for use on a particular model of computer system. For instance, programming languages such as FORTRAN1 and COBOL2 were written to solve certain general types of programming problems—FORTRAN for scientific applications, and COBOL for business applications. Although these languages were design to address specific categories of computer problems, they are highly portable(可移植), meaning that they may be used to program many types of computers. Other languages, such as machine languages, are designed to be used by one specific model of computer system, or even by one specific computer in certain research applications. The most commonly used programming languagesare highly portable and can be used to effectively solve diverse types of computing problems. Languages like C , PASCAL and BASIC fall into(属于) this category.II. Language TypesProgramming languages can be classified as either low-level languages or high-level languages. Low-level programming languages, or machine languages, are the most basic type of programming languages and can be understood directly by a computer. Machine languages differ depending on the manufacturer and model of computer. High-level languages are programming languages that must first be translated into a machine language before they can be understood and processed by a computer. Examples of high-level languages are C, C++6, PASCAL, and FORTRAN. Assembly languages are intermediatelanguages that are very close to machine languages and do not have the level of linguistic sophistication ex h ibited by other high-level languages, but must still be translated into machine language.1. Machine LanguagesIn machine languages, instructions are written as sequences of 1s and 0s, called bits, that a computer can understand directly. Aninstruction in machine language generally tells the computer four things: (1) where to find one or two numbers or simple pieces of data in the main computer memory (Random Access Memory, or RAM), (2) a simple operation to perform, such as adding the two numbers together, (3) where in the main memory to put the result of this simple operation, and (4) where to find the next instruction to perform. While all executable programs are eventually read by the computer in machine language,they are not all programmed in machine language. It is extremely difficult to program directly in machine language because the instructions are sequences of 1s and 0s. A typical instruction in a machine language might read 10010 1100 1011 and mean add the contents of storage register A to the contents of storage register B.2. High-Level LanguagesHigh-level languages are relatively sophisticated sets of statements utilizing words and syntax from human language. They are more similar to normal human languages than assembly or machine languages and are therefore easier to use for writing complicated programs. These programming languages allow larger and more complicated programs to be developed faster. However, high-level languages must be translated into machine language by another program called acompiler before a computer can understand them. For this reason, programs written in a high-level language may take longer to execute and use up(用完) more memory than programs writtenin an assembly language.3. Assembly LanguagesComputer programmers use assembly languages to make machine-language programs easier to write. In an assembly language, each statement corresponds roughly to one machine language instruction. An assembly language statement is composed with the aid of（借助于，帮助）easy to remember commands. The command to add the contents of storage register A to the contents of storage register B might be written ADD B, A in a typical assembly language statement. Assembly languages share certain features with machine languages. For instance, it is possible to manipulatespecific bits in both assembly and machine languages. Programmers use assembly languages when it is important to minimize the time it takes to run a program, because the translation from assembly language to machine language is relatively simple. Assembly languages are also used when some part of the computer has to be controlled directly, such as individual dots on a monitor or the flow of individual characters to a printer.III. Classification of High-Level LanguagesHigh-level languages are commonly classified as procedure-oriented, functional, object-oriented, or logic languages. The most common high-level languages today are procedure-oriented languages. In languages, one or more related blocks of statements that perform some complete function are grouped together into a program module, orprocedure, and given a name such as "procedure A." If the same sequence of operations is needed elsewhere in the program, a simple statement can be used to refer back to the procedure. In essence, a procedure is just a mini-program. A large program can be constructed by grouping together procedures that perform different tasks. Procedural languages allow programs to be shorter and easier for the computer to read, but they require the programmer to design each procedure to be general enough to be use in different situations.Functional languages treat procedures like mathematical function and allow them to be processed like any other data in a program. This allows a much higher and more rigorous level of program construction, Functional languages also allow variables—symbols for data that can be specified and changed by the user as theprogram is running—to be given values only once. This simplifies programming by reducing the need to be concerned with the exact order of statement execution, since a variable does not have to be redeclared, or restated, each time it is used in a program statement. Many of the ideas from functional languages have become key| parts of many modem procedural languages.Object-oriented languages are outgrowths of functional languages. In object-oriented languages, the code used to write the program and the data processed by the program are grouped together into units called objects, Objects are further grouped into classes, which define the attributes objects must have. A simple example of a class is the class Book. Objects within this class might be Novel and Short Story. Objects also have certain functions associated with them, calledmethods. The computer accesses an object through the use of one of the object's methods. The method performs some action to the data in the object and returns this value to the computer. Classes of objects can also be further grouped into hierarchies, in which objects of one class can inherit methods from another class. The structure provided in object-oriented languages makes them very useful for complicated programming tasks.Logic languages use logic as their mathematical base. A logic program consists of sets of facts and if-then rules, which specify how one set of facts may be deduced from（推断）others, for example: If the statement X is true, then the statement Y is false.In the execution of such a program, an input statement can be logically deduced from other statements in the program. Many artificial intelligence programs arewritten in such languages.IV. Language Structure and Components Programming languages use specific types of statements, or instructions, to provide functional structure to the program.A statement in a program is a basic sentence that expresses a simple idea—its purpose is to give the computer a basic instruction. Statements define the types of data allowed, how data are to be manipulated, and the ways that procedures and functions work. Programmers use statements to manipulate common components of programming languages, such as variables and macros(mini-programs within a program). Statements known as data declarations give names and properties to elements of a program called variables. Variables can be assigned different values within the program. The properties variables can have are called types, and they includesuch things as what possible values might be saved in the variables, how much numerical accuracy is to be used in the values, and how one variable may represent a collection of simpler values in an organized fashion, such as a table or array. In many programming languages, a key data type is a pointer. Variables that are pointers do not themselves have values; instead, they have information that the computer can use to locate some other variable—that is, they point to another variable.An expression is a piece of a statement that describes a series of computations to be performed on some of the program's variables, such as X+Y/Z, in which the variables are X, Y, and Z and the computations are addition and division. An assignment statement assigns a variable a value derived from(得自) some expression, while conditional statements specifyexpressions to be tested and then used to select which other statements should be executed next.Procedure and function statements define certain blocks of code as procedures or functions that can then be returned to later in the program. These statements also define the kinds of variables and parameters the programmer can choose and the type of value that the code will return when an expression accesses the procedure or function. Many programming languages also permit minitranslation programs called macros. Macros translate segments of code that have been written in a language structure defined by the programmer into statements that the programming language understands.V. HistoryProgramming languages date back almost to the invention of the digital computer in the 1940s. The first assemblylanguages emerged in the late 1950s with the introduction of commercial computers. The first procedural languages were developed in the late 1950s to early1960s;FORTRAN, created by John Backus, and then COBOL, created by Grace Hopper. The first functional language was LISP, written by John McCarthy in the late 1950s. Although heavily updated, all three languages are still widely used today.In the late 1960s, the firstobject-oriented languages, such as SIMULA, emerged. Logic languages became well known in the mid 1970s with the introduction of PROLOG , a language used to program artificial intelligence software. During the 1970s, procedural languages continued to develop with ALGOL, BASIC, PASCAL, C, and Ada. SMALLTALK was a highly influential object-oriented language that led to the merging of object-oriented and procedurallanguages in C++ and more recently in JAVA . Although pure logic languages have declined in popularity, variations have become vitally important in the form of relational languages for modem databases, such as SQL.。
计算机英语考试复习资料
计算机英语考试复习资料1．artificial intelligence 人工智能2．paper—tape reader 纸空阅读机3．optical computer 光学计算机4．neural network 神经网络5．instruction set 指令集6．parallel processing 平行处理7．difference engine 差分机8．versatile logical element 通用逻辑器件9．silicon substrate 硅基10．vacuum tube 真空管（电子管）11．the storage and handling of data 数据的存储与处理12．very large—scale integrated circuit 超大规模集成电路13．central processing unit 中央处理器14．personal computer 个人计算机15．analogue computer 模拟计算机16．digital computer 数字计算机17 .general-purpose computer 通用计算机18．processor chip 处理器芯片19．operating instructions 操作指令20．input device 输入设备1．function key 功能键2．voice recognition module 语音识别模块3．touch—sensitive region 触感区，触摸区4．address bus 地址总线5．flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪6．dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机（针式打印机）7．parallel connection 并行连接8．cathode ray tube 阴极射线管9．video game 电子游戏（港台亦称电玩）10．audio signal 音频信号11．operating system 操作系统12．LCD （liquid crystal display）液晶显示（器）13．inkjet printer 喷墨打印机14．data bus 数据总线15．serial connection 串行连接16．volatile memory 易失性存储器17 。
计算机专业英语第3章
What is the Operating System?
Notes: “Secondly, providing a user interface, for instance, a window-like graphic user interface, in order for the users to interact with application programs and hardware devices，” 这一部分中, for instance, a window-like graphic user interface 举例了视窗用户 界面，用户界面的功能是使用户能够同应用程序及硬件设备交互作用。 Ⅰ．Choose the best answer to each question with the information from the passage. 1．Why is the operating system very important system software? A．The operating system enables the user to edit files, draw graphics, surf the Internet and do every thing possible with a computer. B．The operating system can be installed in the computer system unit to assist the management of the system. C．The operating system makes it possible for the computer to function normally and operate software applications. D．The operating system is designed to drive different hardware essentials to work properly.
计算机专业英语-计算机网络基础-Chapter 3 Foundation of Computer Network(计算机网络基础)
on, it can access data from the File Server, and 需文件后就可以在工作站上运行。
operates on the workstation with the documents 网卡（network interface card: NIC）
needed.
是服务器与工作站之间的接口。
BNC joint, terminator, and cables etc.
服务器（ file server ）是整个网络的
File Server is the soul of a whole network, so it 灵魂，所以它必须是最好的。网络上所
must be the best. All the input and output of data 有数据的进出都须通过服务器来控制。
configurations or Network are star, bus, ring, 星形、总线形、环形和树形。
and tree.
星形网络
Star Network
星形网络由一台中央处理器、
A star network contains a central unit, a 多台个人计算机、终端或外围设
wonderful business tools for producing data, 算机在处理数据、电子表格、图形以
spreadsheets, graphics, and other types of 及其他类型的信息方面是理想的办公
information, but do not allow you to quickly 设备，但却不支持快速（用户输出的）
Ø 教学提示：
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计算机专业英语Unit 3
Part 1 Listening & Speaking
1. Listen to the following passage and fill in the blanks w ith the words in the box.
Loห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ic programming
imperative functional programming
areplace取代reconfigure重新配置tedious单调乏味transfer转移wizard向导desktop桌面display显示dialup拨号method方法floppydisk软盘removablemedia可移动媒介items项目3
Unit 3 Programming Languages
Replace 取代 Reconfigure 重新配置 Tedious 单调乏味 Transfer 转移 Wizard向导 Desktop桌面 Display显示 Dial-up拨号 Method方法 Floppy disk软盘 Removable media 可移动媒介 Items项目
A: Tony, I just bought a new laptop to replace my old one. But it is tedious to reconfigure the computer. How can I transfer files and settings from the old computer to the new one? B: You can do this by using the “Files and Settings Transfer Wizard” in Windows XP. You can use this wizard to transfer desktop settings, display settings, dial-up connections, and other types of settings. You can find it by clicking Accessories, System Tools. A: Can you tell me more about it ?
计算机专业英语词汇大全3篇
计算机专业英语词汇大全第一篇：计算机硬件与维护计算机硬件部分1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) - 中央处理器2. Random Access Memory (RAM) - 随机存取存储器3. Read Only Memory (ROM) - 只读存储器4. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - 硬盘驱动器5. Solid State Drive (SSD) - 固态硬盘6. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - 电源供应器7. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) - 图形处理器8. Network Interface Controller (NIC) - 网络接口控制器9. Sound Card - 声卡10. Motherboard - 主板11. Expansion Card - 扩展卡12. Monitor - 显示器13. Keyboard - 键盘14. Mouse - 鼠标计算机维护1. Backup - 备份2. Restore - 恢复3. Clean up registry - 清理注册表4. Defragment - 磁盘碎片整理5. Install drivers - 安装驱动程序6. Update drivers - 更新驱动程序7. Uninstall programs - 卸载程序8. Scan for viruses - 扫描病毒9. Remove malware - 移除恶意软件10. Check hard drive for errors - 检查硬盘错误11. Check system for errors - 检查系统错误第二篇：计算机网络与安全计算机网络1. Router - 路由器2. Switch - 交换机3. Modem - 调制解调器4. Wireless Access Point (WAP) - 无线接入点5. Network Interface Card (NIC) - 网络接口卡6. Server - 服务器7. Client - 客户端8. Internet Protocol (IP) - 网际协议9. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - 传输控制协议10. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - 用户数据报协议11. Domain Name System (DNS) - 域名系统12. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) - 动态主机配置协议13. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - 简单网络管理协议计算机安全1. Firewall - 防火墙2. Anti-virus software - 杀毒软件3. Anti-malware software - 反恶意软件软件4. Virtual Private Network (VPN) - 虚拟专用网络5. Intrusion Detection System (IDS) - 入侵检测系统6. Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) - 入侵防范系统7. Two-factor authentication - 双因素认证8. Encryption - 加密9. Decryption - 解密10. Authentication - 认证11. Authorization - 授权12. Access control - 访问控制第三篇：计算机软件与开发计算机软件1. Operating System (OS) - 操作系统2. Application software - 应用软件3. System software - 系统软件4. Utility software - 工具软件5. Programming language - 编程语言6. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) - 集成开发环境7. Web browser - 网络浏览器8. Email client - 电子邮件客户端9. Media player - 媒体播放器10. Database - 数据库11. Content Management System (CMS) - 内容管理系统12. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) - 客户关系管理系统软件开发1. Analysis - 分析2. Design - 设计3. Implementation - 实现4. Testing - 测试5. Debugging - 调试6. Integration - 集成7. Maintenance - 维护8. Agile development - 敏捷开发9. Waterfall development - 瀑布开发10. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) - 面向对象编程11. Model-View-Controller (MVC) - 模型-视图-控制器12. Version Control - 版本控制总的来说，计算机专业英语词汇涉及到计算机硬件、计算机网络、计算机软件以及软件开发等多方面内容，能够掌握这些词汇对于计算机专业的学习和工作都十分有帮助。
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料
应用技术学院-计算机专业英语复习资料专业英语复习资料一、请写出以下单词的中文意思。
1、floppy disk软盘2、printer打印机3、optical disk光盘4、formatting toolbar 格式工具条5、formula方程式6、relational database关系数据库7、antivirus program抗病毒程序8、fragmented破碎9、user interface用户界面10、bus line总线11、smart card智能卡12、motherboard主板13、digital camera数码相机14、fax machine传真机15、ink-jet printer喷墨打印机16、access time访问时间17、direct access直接存取18、Bluetooth蓝牙19、digital signal数字签名20、protocols协议21、operating system 操作系统22．requirements analysis 需求分析23．network security 网络安全24．data structure 数据结构25．decision support system 决策支持系统26．software crisis 软件危机27．computer virus 电脑病毒28．email attachment 电邮附件29．central processing unit ( CPU )中央处理单元30．ink-jet printer 喷墨打印机31. multimedia 多媒体32. software life cycle软件生命周期33. structured programming 结构化程序34. functional testing 功能测试35. word processor 文字处理36. code windows 代码窗口37. firewall 防火墙38. LAN local area network局域网39. hacker 黑客40. switch 开关41．数据库管理系统database management system42．传输控制协议transmission control protocol43．多文档界面multiple document interface 44．面向对象编程Object-oriented programming 45．只读存储器read-only memory46．数字视频光盘Digital Video Disc47．计算机辅助设计computer aided design48．结构化查询语言Structured Query Language49．通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus50．企业之间的电子商务交易方式EDi二、单项选择题。
计算机专业英语期末考复习资料(推荐文档)
考试范围：Unit 1，Unit2, Unit3.3,3.4,3.5, Unit 4.1, 课后练习，以及翻译练习一，单选15题（30%）范围：1.ENIAC were called ____A__,and typically cost more than a million dollarsA. mainframesB. PCC. minicomputerD. Microcomputerputers are _____D___devices that can follow ________ to accept input, process that input, and procedure information.A. electric, wordsB. electrical, instructuresC. electronic, wordsD. electronic instructions3.___D__ printer uses heat element to produce images on heat-sensitive paper.A. Dot-MatrixB.Ink-JetC. LaserD.Thermal4.____A__ directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the ALU.A. Control unitB.CPUC. MotherboardD.Memory5._____B__ is short for characters per second.A. MIPS（每秒钟百万条指令）B.CPS（中央处理系统）C. CPUD.OS6._____A___ operating system is the most widely used operating system.A. WindowsB.UnixC. LinuxD.Mac7.DOS means_____C___.A. 光盘操作系统B. 软盘操作系统C．磁盘操作系统 D. 硬盘操作系统8.Software Crisis means_____D___.A. 软件开发B. 软件需求C．硬件危机 D. 软件危机9.下面哪个单词的含义是“封装”____B____.A. inheritance (继承)B. encapsulationC. polymorphism （多态性）D. prototype （原型;样机;样品）10.____B___is just a particular type of computer system.A. BrowserB.JavaC. PlatformD.Virtual machine （虚拟机）11. B is used to communicate with another computer over telephonelines.A. keyboardB. modemC. mouseD. printer12. C is a device that enables the computer to handle sounds.A. network cardB. video cardC. sound cardD. monitor13. A is a word processing tool that helps you to create qualitydocuments.A. Word 2003B. Outlook 2003C. Access 2003D. Excel 200314. B is the latest（最新）desktop version of the Windows operatingsystem from Microsoft.A. Windows NTB. Windows 7C. Windows VistaD. WindowsXP15.Which one is not a computer languages? AA. PowerpointB. PASCALC. JavaD. C++16.The heart of a computer system is _ A___A.CPUB. hard diskC. memoryD. main board17.A virus（病毒）is a A.A. programB. computerC. bad manD. beast18.The basic hardware（基本硬件）components of a personal computerconsist of the D .A. keyboard and mouseB. storage devices（存储设备）and displayC. CPUD. all of above19.The central processing unit (CPU) has two parts:A .A. control unit（控制单元）and ALU（算术逻辑单元）B. ALU and registerC. register（注册）and control unitD. ALU and memory20.The more popular operating system is B operating system.A. MS DOSB. WindowsC. UNIXD. Linux21.The desirable features（特点）of the software produced by object-oriented designs（面向对象设计）are the following aspects expect D .A. minimal coupling(最小的耦合)B. functional cohesion(函数内聚)C. information hiding(信息隐藏)D. hierarchical date base(层次数据库)22.Which one of the following descriptions（描述）is not true aboutsoftware crisis? CA. Software is hard to estimate and scheduled.（软件难以评估和使用）B. Software becomes increasingly expensive.（软件变得越来越昂贵）C. Software is almost impossible to identify.（软件是几乎不可能确定）D. Software is almost impossible to manage. （软件是几乎是不可能的管理）23.In computer science, AI is the abbreviation（简称）of theB .A. Adequate IntakeB. Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）C. Analogy InputD. Appreciative Inquiry24 C are the only languages understood by computers.A. High-level languagesB. Assembly languages（汇编语言）C. Machine languages（机器语言）D. Object-oriented programming languages25.The biggest in size, the most expensive in price than any other is classified（分类）and known as A .A. Super ComputersB. MainframesC. MinicomputersD.Portable Computers二，判断10题（10%）范围：以课后练习为主三，阅读理解4篇20题（40%）P16 4,5,6段P37 倒1 P57 倒数2段（java）P67 1，3，5，6段1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help usresolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。
计算机专业英语(数据库3)
• Word-building ： 动词+ment后缀=名词 develop发展，开发（动词） development 开发（名词） require需要（动词） requirement 需求（名词） manage管理（动词） management 管理（名词）
Unit Three Database
Passage Three Oracle Database
• Sentences ：
PL/SQL enables you to declare constants and variables define procedures and functions, use collections and object types, trap runtime errors, and create functions, packages, procedures and triggers that can be stored on the database for reuse by applications that are authored in any of the Oracle programmatic interfaces.
Unit Three Database
Passage Three Oracle Database
• Sentences ： There are two broad families of computer languages: declarative languages that describe what should be done, and imperative languages that describe how things should be done.
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四、choose the best answer according to the passage B.(根据下文的内容选择正确的答案。) （15分 每题 3分）
Passage B
A. calculate B. program C. add D. subtract
2. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of for a computer to follow.
1. Home pages for a Web user or a Web site developer have the same meanings.（ F ）
2. The home page displayed on a Web browser is usually preset by the browser manufacturer.（ T ）
3. The home page for a Web user can be reset to any Web site you prefer.（ T ）
4. You have to enter or select Web addresses every time with a blank space on your Web browser.（ T ）
5. Which of the following is not the stages of programming?
A. Write a program. B. Debug the program.
C. Print the program. D. Compile the program.
For a Web site developer, a home page is the first page presented when a user selects a site on the World Wide Web. The usual address for a Web site is the home page address, although you can enter the address (Uniform Resource Locator) of any page and have that page sent to you.
4. In order to solve a computational problem, you can let a person or a to do it.
A. machine B. computer C. keyboard D. mouse
Programming is sometimes contrasted with coding. Coding generally refers to the writing of programs for given program specification, while programming includes the task of preparing the program specification as well as that of writing the program. The text of a program is sometimes referred to as code, and lines of program text are referred to as lines of code, especially in the case of machine-language programs. The term coder is used to describe a person engaged exclusively in implementing program specifications prepared by others.
得分
一、Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.(写出下列词组汉语思) (10分 每题1分)
1.bandwidth：带宽
2.browser：浏览器
mand button：命令按钮
4.Control Panel：控制面板
What's actually involved in programming - the actual process of writing programs? Here's a quick overview of the process:
Write a program. · Compile the program. · Run the program. · Debug the program.
4.WWW： d. 数字视频光盘
5.DBMS：. e .互联网服务提供商
6.BIOS： f . 中央处理单元
1.HTTP： a . 数据库管理系统
2.ISP ： b. 应用程序设计接口
3.SQL ： c . 基本输入/输出系统
10.CPU ： j .万维网
三、Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A（根据下文的内容判断下列句子的正误）（15分 每题3分）
7.API ： g . 结构化查询语言8.DVD：. h .直接存储器存取9.DMA ： i .超文本传输协议
A. steps B. process C. lines D. graphics
3. The term coder is used to describe .
A. machine B. computer C. keyboard D. person
Passage A:
For a Web user, the home page is the first Web page that is displayed after starting a Web browser like Netscape's Navigator or Microsoft's Internet Explorer. The browser is usually preset so that the home page is the first page of the browser manufacturer. However, you can set it to open to any Web site. For example, you can specify that or be your home page. You can also specify that there be no home page (a blank space will be displayed) in which case you choose the first page from your bookmark list or enter a Web address.
5.data structure：数据结构
6.fiber-optic table：光纤
7.hardcopy：硬拷
8．hypermedia：超媒体
9．information superhighway：信息高速公路
10.high-level language：高级语言
二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar meaning in the right column.(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。) （10分 每题1分）
信息工程学院 学院 计算机专业英语 课程期末 考试试卷A
专业 年级 姓名 分数
题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 总分
· Repeat the whole process until the program is finished.
1．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to .
In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer . If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program. The task of developing programs for the solution of computational problems is referred to as programming. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow. In general, this process will help us resolve a problem, which is either too tedious or difficult to work out otherwise . So programming is breaking a task down into small steps.