专题十二 动词的时态和语态

CONTENTS
目 录
考点精讲 易错盘点
综合提升
考点精讲
考点 1 动词的时态
• 1. 一般现在时(8年7考，完形B,0～3分) • ★构成 • ①主语＋am/is/are＋表语 • ②主语＋动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式 • ★标志性时间状语
• often, usually, sometimes, once a week, on Mondays, every day/week/month/year等。
在的状态。
next month.
表示位置移动的动词，如 We __a_r_e_l_e_a_v_in_g___
come, go, leave, arrive,
start等，可以用现在进行 (leave) for Beijing this
时表将来。
Friday.
注意 be going to和will的区别 ①be going to do表示打算、按计划做某事，will do 表示未事先思考或未计划而临时作出的决定。如： I am going to visit my grandparents. 我打算去看望我 的爷爷奶奶。 I'll answer the door. 我去开门。
• —Sorry, Mum can't come to the phone now. She ______ a shower.
• AC. has B. had • C. is having D. was having
• 15. (2014江西)—You're in a hurry. Where are you going?
• 2. 一般过去时(8年6考，单项填空、完形B,1～2 分)
• ★构成 • ①主语＋was/were＋表语 • ②主语＋动词的过去式 • ★标志性时间状语
• just now, yesterday, last week, in 2018, in the past, a few days ago等。
• 3. —It's said that drinking coffeeA______ cancer. Do I have to give it up?
• —Relax! Not everything on WeChat is true.
• A. causes B. has caused • C. caused D. had caused
• 7. (2019武C汉)He______his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris.
• A. has met B. had met • C. met D. wouldDmeet • 8. —I still don't know what ______ while I was
的时间状语从句和if, unless等引导 的条件状语从句中，主句用一般 将来时，从句用一般现在时。(主 将从现)
She will stay at
home if it ___r_ai_n_s____(rain)
tomorrow.
如果主句是祈使句，从句 用一般现在时。（主祈从 现）
Turn off the lights before you leave home.
• 6. (2012江西)—Hello, Mum. Are you still on
B
Lushan Mountain? • —Oh, no. We are back home. We ______ a
really good journey. • A. have B. had • C. are having D. will have
表示过去某个时刻或某一段时间 内正在进行的动作
then, at that time/moment, at
9 o‘clock yesterday morning , when ,while 引导的从句，all day ,the whole morning 等。
现在 主语+have/has done 完成时
中，主句用现在完成时，从 句用一般过去时。
worked in our school since she _c_a_m__e_____(come) to
China.
• 4. (2017江西)I've just returned from myDtrip to London. I ______many interesting places there.
• 12. —Honey, where are you?
• —I ______. Just let me put on my shoes.
• A. come
B. came
• C. am coming D. have come
• 4. 现在进行时(8年5考，单项填空，0～1分)
• ★构成 • 主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词 • ★标志性时间状语
always等频度副词连用)。 child.
thought 有些发生的时间没有清楚表 I __________(think)
明，但实际上是在过源自文库发生 about visiting my sister, but
的。
I have changed my mind.
在since引导的时间状语从句 Our English teacher has
用法
例子
表示过去某一时间发生的动 I got up at eight o'clock
作或存在的状态。
yesterday morning.
表示过去的习惯性动作或经 I often __p_la_y_e_d____(play) in
常发生的动作(常与often, that park when I was a
• 13. (2019江西)—Hurry up! • —One moment. I __B____ my e－mails and
then I'm ready to go. • A. read B. am reading • C. was reading D. have read • 14. (2016江西)—May I speak to Mrs. Black?
• A. keeps B. will keep • C. has kept DD. kept • 2. (2019南充)—Daddy, when will we go out to
fly a kite? • —As soon as the rain ______.
• A. is stopping B. stopped • C. will stop D. stops
用法
表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存 在的状态，常与频度副词连用。
例子
Jim goes to school on foot every day.
表示客观真理、客观存在、自然 The sun _____is_____
现象及俗语等。
(be) much bigger
than the earth.
在when, as soon as, before等引导
• 11. (2015江西)—Do you have any plans for tonigDht?
• —Yes, I ______ at the new Italian restaurant in town.
• A. eat
• B. have eaten
• C. ate • DC. am going to eat
②be going to do表示客观迹象表明要发生的事， will do表明说话者的主观意识。如：
Look at the clouds. It's going to rain. 看这些云。马 上要下雨了。
I hope it will rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨。
• 9. (2019江西)—I've never seen Mr. Taylor before. • —Don't worAry. I______him to you before the
• now(right now), at the moment, these days 等，还有些句子含有Look! /Listen！等提示 词。
用法 表示说话瞬间正在发生的动 作。 表示现阶段或当前一段时间 内正在进行的动作。
例子
Tom is doing his homework now. I am reading this book these days.
过去 主语+had+ done 完成时
表示动作发生在过去，侧重于该 动作对现在造成的影响。表示动 作发生在过去，持续到现在，也 许还会持续下去。常和“for＋ 时间段”或“since＋时间点/句 子”连用。
already, just, ever, never,
before, so far, yet,lately
recently, in the past few years, for, since，in/over/during the past 5 years等。
表示在过去时间或者过去动作之 By last year, by the end of last
前已经发生或完成的事情
year. before 2019 (从句）
meeting. • A. will introduce • B. introduced • C. have introCduced • D. had introduced • 10. (2018江西)We ______ a party for Kate. It's
supposed to be a surprise. • A. were having B. had • C. will have D. have had
• ①主语＋be going to＋动词原形 • ②主语＋will/shall＋动词原形(注意shall只用
于第一人称I和we) • ★标志性时间状语 • soon, tomorrow, next week, in the future, in＋
时间段等。
用法
例子
表示将来发生的动作或存 We will come to visit you
表示计划或安排好的将要 发生的动作。常见动词
The train____a_rr_iv_e_s________
有：come, go, leave, arrive, (arrive) at six. Please be
open, begin, start 等。
patient.
• 1. (2019武汉)She's brought you some eggAs. As you know, she ______ chickens.
• A. visit B. will visit • C. am visiting D. visited • 5. (2013D江西)—Have you had your breakfast
yet? • —Yes. Mom ______it for me.
• A. was cooking B. is cooking • C. will cook D. cooked
away from home. • —You'll know it all some day, I believe.
• A. had happened B. would happen • C. has happened D. happened
• 3. 一般将来时(5年2考，单项填空，0～1分)
• ★构成
2020 全新版
专题十二 动词的时态和语态
[必考点：4～6分，单项填空、完形B]
名称
一般 将来时
结构 主语+will do
用法
标志词
表示将来发生的动作或存在的状 soon, tomorrow, next week, in
态。
the future, in＋时间段等。
一般 主语+ did 过去时 主语+ (was/were)
表示过去某一时间发生的动作或 just now, yesterday, last week,
存在的状态。表示过去的习惯性 in 2018, in the past, a few
动作或经常发生的动作(常与 often, always等频度副词连用)。
days
ago等。
过去 进行时
主语+was/were doing