肺炎英文版 (2)ppt课件

● Pneumonia may also be caused by other factors including physical, chemical, allergen.
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Classification
1. Lobar pneumonia: Involvement of an entire lobe . 2. Lobular pneumonia: Involvement of parts of the
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Therapy
• Antibiotics therapy • Support therapy • rapy of complications
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Antibiotics therapy
For patients who are believed to be allergic to penicillin，one may select the first or second generation cephalosporin or advanced macrolide。
Pneumonia
Team
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Contents
31
Anatomy
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Definition
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Epidemiology
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Etiology
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Classification
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Diagnosis
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Therapy
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Anatomy
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Definition
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung. It is often characterized as including inflammation of the parenchyma of the lung and abnormal alveolar filling with fluid.
● The morbidity and mortality of pneumonia are high especially in old people.
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Etiology
● Infectious pneumonia is caused by bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite etc.
• pleural effusion(胸膜渗出物) commonly develop in 10%- 20% patients
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That's all Thank you
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Epidemiology
● Pneumonia is a common illness in all parts of the
world. It is a major cause of death among all age groups .
● Pneumonia occurs more commonly in males than females.
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Lobar pneumonia
Mediastinal window: • location • shape • density
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Bronchopneumonia
Clinical characteristics ●Occurs in the elderly frail and infants and
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Bronchopneumonia
CT:
Under the two lung multiple small patchy shadows vascular enlargement
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Interstitial pneumonia
Clinical characteristics :
●Occurs more at pediatric. ●Symptoms: short of breath, cynaosis, cough. ●Inflammation can cause lymphangitis and along
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Support therapy
Bed rest Monitoring vital signs and urine output Administering an occasional analgesic Replacing fluids
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Therapy of complications
• Empyema develops in appoximately 5% of patients
2. Symptoms 3.Signs 4. Blood test 5. Radiologic 6.A definitive diagnosis requires demonstration of
pneumonia in sputum examination,blood and lung tissue.
● Major symptoms coughing up rusty sputum.
●The same lung breath sounds decreased and a audible wet rale.
●The total number of white blood cells and neutrophile increased significantly.
the lymphatics extension lymph node phlogistic.
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Interstitial pneumonia
X-ray:
• lung's field • hilar shadow • lung marking • Mesh and small
patchy shadows
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Lobar pneumonia
X-ray: right lung middle lobe exudation
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Lobar pneumonia
left lung inferior lobe exudation
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Lobar pneumonia
CT: right lung air branchogram
young children. ●High fever, cough, chest pain, dyspnea,
cough sticks. ●Sign:fine crackles.
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Bronchopneumonia
X-ray:
lung's field lung marking hilar shadow
lobe only, segmental or of alveoli contiguous to bronchi (bronchopneumonia). 3. Interstitial pneumonia
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Lobar pneumonia
Clinical manifestation
●Have a fever suddenly, chills, chest pain.
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Interstitial pneumonia
CT:
Bronchial blood vessel bundle enlargement Ground glass shadow Higher density shadow
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Diagnosis
1·Preceding history of common cold or other URI