国际植物新品种保护联盟茶树新品种特异性、

中国农业科学 2008,41(8):2400-2406

Scientia Agricultura Sinica doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.08.025

收稿日期：2007-07-17；接受日期：2007-10-23

基金项目：农业部“948”项目“植物新品种DUS 测试技术与标准的引进”（2004-Z30） 作者简介：陈 亮（1967-），男，浙江缙云人，研究员，博士，研究方向为茶树种质资源、遗传育种与分子生物学。Tel/Fax ：0571- 86652835；E-mail ：

liangchen@

国际植物新品种保护联盟茶树新品种特异性、

一致性、稳定性测试指南的制订

陈 亮1，虞富莲1，姚明哲1，吕 波2，杨 坤2，堵苑苑2

（1中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 国家茶树改良中心，杭州310008；2农业部植物新品种测试中心，北京100026）

摘要：植物新品种特异性（distinctness ）、一致性（uniformity ）和稳定性（stability ）（简称DUS ）测试是新品种保护的技术基础和授权的科学依据。DUS 测试指南既是指导测试机构开展DUS 测试工作的技术手册，同时还是审批机关审查新品种DUS 的技术标准。茶树是原产中国的一种重要的木本经济植物。国际植物新品种保护联盟（UPOV ）茶树新品种DUS 测试指南是中国为UPOV 制订的第一个DUS 测试指南。本文详细地论述了UPOV 茶树DUS 测试指南的适用对象、测试性状的选择与确定、性状分级与标准品种的选用、茶树DUS 判定标准，并提出了开展茶树新品种保护的设想。UPOV 茶树DUS 测试指南的制订对促进中国植物新品种保护事业的发展，提高中国在国际植物新品种保护领域的地位等均有积极意义。

关键词：国际植物新品种保护联盟；植物新品种保护；茶树

Preparation of the UPOV Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability ——Tea Plant

CHEN Liang 1, YU Fu-lian 1, YAO Ming-zhe 1, LÜ Bo 2, Y ANG Kun 2, DU Yuan-yuan 2

(1National Center for Tea Improvement , Tea Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008;

2

DUS Testing Center for PVP , Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100026)

Abstract: Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS for short) testing is the technical base of Plant Variety Protection (PVP) and the sci entific basis for the approval of Plant Breeder‟s Rights (PBR). DUS Test Guidelines are not only the technical manuals for the DUS testing authorities to conduct the testing, but also the technical standards for the competent authorities to examine the DUS of new varieties of plants. Tea plant, which is originated from China, is a very important woody cash species in the world. UPOV (International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) DUS Test Guidelines for tea plant is the first DUS Test Guidelines prepared by China for the UPOV . In this paper, the subject, selection and adoption of characteristics, states of expression and selection of example varieties, assessment of DUS of the UPOV Test Guidelines for tea plant were elucidated in detail. Finally, proposals for PVP of tea plant in China was also proposed. The preparation of UPOV DUS Test Guidelines for tea plant will have important significance both for promoting the development of PVP and increasing the status of international PVP fields for China.

Key words: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV); Plant variety protection (PVP); Tea

plant [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]

0 引言

茶树是原产中国云南的一种重要木本经济植物，

在中国有4 000多年的栽培历史。茶叶是世界主要产茶国茶区农民的重要经济来源之一。在肯尼亚，茶叶每年贡献26%的出口换汇和4%的GDP [1]；而在斯里