子宫正常超声图像

子宫正常超声图像

子宫纵切面病人取仰卧位，在充盈的膀胱下方可见子宫。子宫呈倒置梨状，略向后仰。其表面大部分覆盖一层腹膜，因而子宫外轮廓很光滑，围绕子宫表面似为一层线样反光强的包膜，此为浆膜层; 其下方为较厚的肌层，中度回声，表现为均质细小密集光点; 子宫的中央部分为宫腔及宫内膜，呈反光较强的线样、条状或梭状回声，此为官腔波。此波所以表现不同是因为它随月经周期而变化。宫腔波在前位子宫容易识别，因为声束垂直于子宫内膜，内膜腔可清晰反映出来。Callen 等证实，正常妇女约90-100%可看到宫腔波。少数后倾后屈子宫腔与声束平行，宫腔波不易被查见。宫腔波可作为识别子宫的重要标志，特别是在盆腔在肿物、有粘连或炎性包块与子宫粘连严重的患者，盆腔正常解剖关系已被打乱。何为肿块，何为子宫，就需依靠宫腔波来判断。一旦识别出宫腔波所在，则肿物与子宫关系即可了然。宫腔波不易查见原因有以下情况:1 、后倾后屈子宫;2 、凡千万宫腔变形的疾病，如多发肌瘤、内膜病变等。如子宫极度偏斜时，则正中纵切在膀胱后方查不到子宫长轴，这时必须移动探头方向寻找。如还有困难时则需应用横切面，从耻骨联合上先找出子宫颈，向上移动探头，寻踪扫查可寻到子宫所在处。有相当一部分正常妇女，子宫常偏向一侧，并不认为是异常。因为子宫的位置常受体位、直肠、膀胱充盈度以及腹压的影响。子宫的大小与形态亦随年龄的增长而不同，其大小可从纵、横、厚、径测知。

子宫的下部分为子宫颈。宫体与宫颈相接处，于子宫前表面可见一轻微角度，此处为子宫峡部，亦为子宫内口所在水平。子宫颈呈圆柱形，纵切面观察，宫颈回声比宫体强，这是因为宫颈结缔组织多，且其外面包裹一层质密坚韧的宫颈筋膜。宫颈管波亦可由超声查见。有时可见梭状宫颈管及其内纵行皱。p the right to recovery of principal and interest and costs; Waiver of recourse against

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子宫横切面子宫最大横切面位于输卵管进入子宫水平。子宫最大横切面呈

角形，前表面平坦，后表面略突。子宫两角部突出如鸟嘴状，包含有阔韧带的

部分，测量子宫横径，用此平面。

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⑵子宫大小的测量

1、子宫的测量方法：子宫的测量通常测量子宫体不包括宫颈，因宫颈易受膀胱、直肠充盈度影响，如直肠窝内有肿物或手术后宫底与腹壁粘连均会将宫颈牵引得又细又长。因此，测量子宫大小仅测量宫体的长、横、厚。｛本版权归河南省

商丘市民权县中医院不孕中心所有｝

子宫体长径为子宫底圆顶部外缘至子宫内口之间距离；子宫体横径为子宫体最大横径，即两鸟嘴开始收缩部位之间的距离；子宫厚度为子宫体的最大前后径。P the right to recovery of prin cipal and in terest and costs; Waiver of

recourse aga inst the party of in dividual credit rights; Behavior of

other claims against the Bank. The Agency shall, in accordance with the

Ban k's records man ageme nt systems requireme nts, regulate the collecti on. safekeeping of personal credit file, pay attention to the following

risks: customers based on in complete in formati on; Review and approval