关系副词定语从句
关系副词定语从句
关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以 下方法判断:
用法
依据
根据从句谓语动 是及物动词,后面若无宾语,用关系
词
代词;是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据关系词在从 把关系词放在定语从句中,若作主语 句中作的成分 或宾语用关系代词;作状语则用关系
副词
This is the factory where he used to work.
5. “介词+whose” 在定语从句中作定语,修 饰其后的名词。
She's the very person in whose bag I found my lost journal. 我正是在她的包中找到了我丢失的日记。
When, where, why 与“介词+关系代词”的替换 1. When相当于“at/in/during/on等+which”
4. “名词(代词、数词)+介词of+关系代词”所引 导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句,该结构 在定语从句中一般作主语。
The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire. 那座大楼曾经修复过,但在大火中,楼顶又被烧 毁了。
误区警示
一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前, 构成“介词+关系代词”结构,但有些含有介词的 短语动词一般不能拆开使用,如look for(寻找), care for(喜欢), hear from(收到……的来信), heart of (听说)等。
Is this the book (which/that) she is looking for? 这是她正在寻找的那本书吗?
关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词引导定语从句关系副词引导定语从句导语:关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
下面我们来看看关系副词引导的定语从句,供您参考和借鉴。
【关系副词引导的定语从句】1)when, where, why关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于 "介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗2)that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和 "介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
【关系副词VS关系代词】先来看一看关系副词和我们熟知的关系代词有关联。
以where为例,首先问大家一个问题,where是什么意思呢?“哪儿!”你肯定会毫不犹豫的给出这个答案,然后躲到电脑后,偷笑栗子问的问题太弱。
其实不然。
我们换个问题“Where are you?”翻译成中文是“你哪儿?”还是“你在哪儿?”我想这次应该大家会毫不犹豫的.选后者吧!没错,where确切翻译应该是“在哪儿”,所以见到“Where did Tom live?”时,我们的答案是“T om lived in Beijing.”而非“Tom lived Beijing.”接下来回到正题,我们通过以下的等式替换来看看关系副词和关系代词的关系吧。
定语从句的关系副词
定语从句的关系副词定语从句是英语中常见的一种句子结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰或限定。
在定语从句中,关系副词担任重要角色,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句的关系副词以及其在句子中的使用。
一、关系副词的定义和分类关系副词,又称为关系副词连词,是连接主句和从句的词语。
关系副词有三个,分别是where、when和why。
它们分别表示地点、时间和原因的关系。
1. where:表示地点的关系。
常用于修饰表示地点的名词或代词。
例句1:This is the house where I was born.(这是我出生的房子。
)例句2:I will never forget the moment where I met you.(我永远不会忘记遇见你的那一刻。
)2. when:表示时间的关系。
常用于修饰表示时间的名词或代词。
例句1:I will always remember the day when we first met.(我会永远记得我们初次见面的那一天。
)例句2:I love the season when flowers bloom.(我喜欢花开的季节。
)3. why:表示原因的关系。
常用于修饰表示原因的名词或代词。
例句1:I don't understand the reason why he left.(我不明白他离开的原因。
)例句2:That's the only explanation why he acted that way.(这是他那样行动的唯一解释。
)二、关系副词的使用关系副词在定语从句中的使用需要注意以下几点:1. 关系副词引导的定语从句在句子中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。
例句1:This is the place where we will hold the party.(这是我们将举办派对的地方。
)(关系副词where在从句中作地点的修饰成分)例句2:That was the reason why she didn't come to the meeting.(那就是她没有参加会议的原因。
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的.定语从句1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which 互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙,英语语法《关系代词引导的定语从句》。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
(which / that在句中作宾语)定语从句引导词的用法1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.(1) Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略.(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?2.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.(6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.注意:1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:look for,look after,take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for.(T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking.(F)2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.(T)(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is verycomfortable.(F)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples,some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all,most of whom are from big cities.3.关系副词引导的定语从句1.when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3.why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意:关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born.。
含关系副词的定语从句
含关系副词的定语从句含关系副词的定语从句1、when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)(1)I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2)The time when we got together finally came.2、where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)(1)Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2)The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3、why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语,此时先行词常为reason。
可变为for which(常考!)why=for which(1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2)I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.【注意】关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1)The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear.(2)From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.(3)Great changes have taken place in thecity in which/where I was born.相关知识一、选准关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的.成分,如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句之关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why 等。
它们和关系代词一样放在先行词的后面起引导作用,同时在定语从句中分别充当时间、地点和原因状语。
1. when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
如:Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗?2. where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
如:Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗?3. why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。
如:I don't know the reason why he didn't tell it to his father。
我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。
4. 由于关系副词在定语从句中相当于“介词+名词”,如:when =on / in / during the day,where= in / at / on the place,why =for the reason ,因此关系副词引导的定语从句可以改写为“介词+which ”引导的定语从句。
如:That is the day when (on which )he did the experiments。
就是他做实验的那一天。
This is the house where (in which )my father used to live。
这就是我父亲以前住过的房子。
That is the reason why (for which )he is leaving very soon。
那就是他为什么要马上离开的原因。
注意:在这种“介词+which ”的结构中,介词的选择取决于which 所指的名词与介词的搭配关系,或者取决于定语从句中动词词组与介词的搭配关系。
定语从句的关系副词
定语从句的关系副词定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,描述并限定其所修饰的名词或代词的性质、特征、状态等。
而关系副词在定语从句中起到连接作用,引导定语从句的引导词。
一、关系副词及其用法关系副词常见的有:when、where和why,它们分别表示时间、地点和原因。
在定语从句中,关系副词作为关系词引导从句,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
1. when当我们在定语从句中修饰表示时间的名词时,可以用关系副词when引导。
示例1:I still remember the day when we first met.译文:我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天。
示例2:Do you remember the moment when you realized you were in love?译文:你还记得你意识到自己爱上了的那一刻吗?2. where当我们在定语从句中修饰表示地点的名词时,可以用关系副词where引导。
示例1:This is the house where I grew up.译文:这是我长大的房子。
示例2:She took me to the park where we used to play.译文:她带我去了我们过去常常玩的那个公园。
3. why当我们在定语从句中修饰表示原因的名词时,可以用关系副词why引导。
示例1:That is the reason why I couldn’t attend the meeting.译文:那就是我不能参加会议的原因。
示例2:Can you explain the reason why you made that decision?译文:你能解释一下你作出那个决定的原因吗?二、关系副词的注意事项1. 注意关系词的位置关系副词在定语从句中作为关系代词引导从句时,要放在名词之后。
示例1:I could never forget the day (when) we won the championship.译文:我永远不会忘记我们赢得冠军的那一天。
定语从句中关系副词的用法
定语从句中关系副词的用法关系副词,是联系先行词和定语从句的词,属于副词。
定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
其句法结构如下:1.表时间的名词 + when + 定语从句when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2.表地点的名词 + where + 定语从句where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.3.表原因的名词reason + why + 定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。
)例句:That is the reason why I did the job.(在现代英语中why 可以省略)上句也可以这样表示:That is the reason I did the job.又如:This was the reason (why )we raised the temperature. 关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单,以下注意点不可忽视:1)“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分,比较下面的几组句子:*I will never forget the day when I first met you on the beach. *I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in Xueyao Middle School.**This is the hospital where my mother works.**This is the hospital which/that we visited the day before yesterday.***The reason why he did not go to school is that he was ill. ***This is the reason which/that he gave his boss in the office .2) “when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词 + which”,介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。
关系副词引导的定语从句详解
关系副词引导的定语从句详解关系副词引导的定语从句详解英语(English)是一种西日耳曼语支,最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。
下面是店铺为大家整理的关系副词引导的定语从句详解,欢迎阅读与收藏。
关系副词引导的定语从句详解篇11、基本用法定语从句除可用关系代词引导外,还可用关系副词when, where与why来引导,它们的区别是:when用于指时间,where用于指地点,why用于指原因。
when, where, why 在定语从句中均用作状语。
如:1980 was the year when he was born. 1980是他的出生年。
This is the town where I was born. 这就是我出生的城市。
These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。
2、先行词问题关系副词when和where的先行词是表示时间(如the day, the days, the time, the year等)和地点(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词,而关系副词why的先行词通常只是whythe reason(s)。
另外,when和where可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句,而why则只用于引导限制性定语从句,不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
3、一点注意注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词 where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。
到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是看它们在定语是用作状语(用关系副词)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系代词)。
如:Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。
(that用作told的宾语)I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you. 我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。
定语从句中的关系副词
定语从句中的关系副词定语从句中的关系副词关系副词,兼有副词与连接词两种作用,在不及物动词的连接中要求用关系副词。
下面是店铺带来的定语从句中的关系副词,希望对你有帮助。
定语从句中的关系副词有三个:when, where和why,它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。
其句法结构如下:1. when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
例句:I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army.2. where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
例句:The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.This is the house where I lived two years ago.关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句。
例如:I will always remember the day when I first visited the Great Wall.He came to Shanghai in 1980, when he was only 12.I don’t know the exact spot where they will meet.Mr Wang will fly to Beijing, where he will stay for three months.有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象,是为了平衡句子的语法需要。
Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used“foreign oil.”.3. why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。
定语从句之关系副词
定语从句之关系副词一、当先行词是时间,在定语从句中做时间状语。
引导词用:when,in which,during which,onwhich,at which.当先行词是地点,在定语从句中做地点状语。
引导词用:where,in which,at which,on which.当先行词是原因,在定语从句中做原因状语。
引导词用:why,for which.当先行词是方式,在定语从句中做方式状语。
引导词用:that,in which,不填。
二、关系副词的功能:Where 用以修饰表地方的名词;when用以修饰表时间的名词;why用以修饰the reason;但how和the way 只能用其中一个三、关系副词的用法1、Where 引导的定语从句只用来修饰表地方的名词。
表大地方(如城市,国家,区域)时,介词要用in;表建筑物(如车站,商店,银行等)时,介词用at ;表内部(在......内)时,介词要用in;表外在(在.....上面)时,介词要用on.因此,关系副词where 可等于in which,on which,at which.例:This is the city where I met you.=This is the city in which I met you(the city是大地点介词用in)I met him at the station,where there were many passengers.= I met him at the station,at which there were many passengers.Do you see the desk where there is a book ?= Do you see the desk on which there is a book ?2. when 引导的定语只能用以修饰表时间的名词。
我们已知表日子时,介词要用on (如onSunday ,on Dec.12);表年,月或一段时间时,介词要用in(如in July, in 2003,in these days);表几时几刻时,介词要用at (如at 8 o`clock).因此,关系副词when 可等于at which、on which、in which.例:That is the year when he graduated.=That is the year in which he graduated .He came on Friday,when it was raining hard.=He came on Friday,on which it was raining hard.2、why只用以修饰the reason,由for which变化而成。
定语从句之关系副词
case, state等在定语从句中做地点状
语时,定语从句用关系副词where引
导。 注意:此时定语从句中不可再出现表 示地点的词。
换成
the
This was a place.
An earthquake happened there.
去掉there
This was the place where an
4)当先行词被序数词修饰时。 That is the last thing that I’d like to do.
5)当先行词为人物共存时。 (俗称:先行 词既有人又有物。) He told me about the persons and things that he met with in Europe. 6)被修饰词为数词时。 Yesterday, I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive.
why = for which
先行词
关系副词
for This is the reason why
he was late.
which
这是他迟到的原因。
练 习
1. This is the reason ____ he was late.
A. that B. which C. why D. when 2. The police couldn’t tell the reason
先行词
关系副词
This is the office where at which he works. 此句可表述为,He works at the office. 从句缺地点状语,at the office 表示地点, 因此用关系副词where,也可用at which, 在这里at which = where
关系副词定语从句课件
练习题二:地点关系副词的定语从句
总结词
掌握地点关系副词where的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境,让学生掌握地点关系副词 where在定语从句中的用法,包括表示地点和位置的描述。
总结词
理解地点关系副词wherever的用法
练习题二:地点关系副词的定语从句
• 详细描述:这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境,让学生理解地 点关系副词wherever在定语从句中的用法,尤其强调表示无论 在哪个地点或位置的条件。
练习题三:原因关系副词的定语从句
总结词
理解原因关系副词now that的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境,让学生理解原因关系副词now that在定语从句中 的用法,强调表示现在已知事实的原因或理由。
练习题四:方式关系副词的定语从句
总结词
掌握方式关系副词as的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境,让学生掌握方式关系 副词as在定语从句中的用法,强调表示按照某种方式或标 准进行描述或比较。
方式关系副词的用法
描述动作的方式
方式关系副词如“how”、“however”等用于描述定 语从句中的动作发生的方式,它们在从句中充当方式状语 。例如,“I don't know how he managed to finish the race.”
04 关系副词定语从 句的练习与解析
练习题一:时间关系副词的定语从句
总结词
理解方式关系副词like的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境,让学生理解方式关系 副词like在定语从句中的用法,尤其强调表示与某个事物 相似的状态或特点。
05 关系副词定语从 句的注意事项
高中英语语语法知识点:关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词when,where,why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词,在从句中作状语。
有时可用"介词+which"结构替换。
☞I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。
2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
☞Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting?这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗?3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如:point,situation,case,stage等,如果引导词在从句中作状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句;如果不作状语,则用关系代词that/which。
☞The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.媒体经常能够帮助解决问题,把注意力吸引到需要帮助的情况。
关系代词和关系副词的选择【易错提醒】当先行词是时间名词时,既可以用when引导定语从句,也可以用that或which引导定语从句,关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。
若关系词在定语从句中充当状语,用when引导;若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。
如:☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语)【易错提醒】1. 当先行词为地点名词时,如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,则用that或which 引导。
高一英语定语从句---关系副词的用法(含例句及解析)
定语从句---关系副词的用法当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做时间、地点、原因状语时,应使用关系副词when, where, why。
关系副词的作用如下:①指代表是时间、地点、原因的先行词。
②在从句中充当句子成分---状语。
③起连接作用,的主句和定语从句连接起来。
一、关系副词引导定语从句。
1.when引导的定语从句。
when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如time,day,week,year等。
eg: We will never forget the day when we flew at an altitude of 6000 meters in the sky.我们永远忘不了在6千米高空飞行的那一天。
误区警示当先行词是时间名词时,定语从句既可用when引导,也可以用that 或which引导,关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。
若关系词在定语从句中作状语,则用when引导; 若关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,则用that或which引导。
eg: Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)Do you still remember the days that /which we spent together on thefarm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that/which做spend的宾语)2.where引导的定语从句where表示地点, 代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如place , factory,house, village等或表示抽象地点的名词,如position, point, case , stage,situation,atmosphere 等。
关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词引导定语从句 TPMK standardization office【 TPMK5AB- TPMK08- TPMK2C- TPMK18】关系副词的意思相当于“介词+which结构”,在定语从句中做状语的成分。
拆分法分析几个句子,如下:1.He will always remember the day when/on which his father returned from America.他将永远记得父亲从美国返回的那一天拆分后:He will always remember the day.His father returned from America on the day..2.This was the time when/at which she left for Beijing.这就是她动身去北京的时间。
拆分后This was the time.She left for beijing at the time.3.I don't know thereason why/for which he didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning.我不知道他为什么没有参加昨天上午的会议。
I don't know the reason.He didn't come to the meeting yesterday morning for the reason.重要提示:在when、where、why 关系副词引导的英语定语从句中,只会出现when、where、why或on which、at which、for which等等,绝对不会出现on when、at where、for why这种情况,因为关系副词引导的定语从句只能起状语作用,既不能做动词的宾语,也不能做介词的宾语。
选出正确的定语从句1、A.The man is said to come from a town where nobody knew.B.The man is said to come from a town which nobody knew.2、A.That is the age in when people live in peace and happiness.B.That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.。
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用法
依据
根据从句谓语动 是及物动词,后面若无宾语,用关系
词
代词;是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据关系词在从 把关系词放在定语从句中,若作主语 句中作的成分 或宾语用关系代词;作状语则用关系 副词
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This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词)
This is the factory that/which I visit last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)
Is this the museum(that/which) you visited a few days ago?
这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子 吗?(that/which作spent的宾语)
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where 表示地点,代替先行词并在定语从
句中作地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地 点的名词,如place, factory, house, village 等。
Finally, we got to a factory, where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.
4
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?
(when在从句中作状语)
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
This is the book about which Tom often talks.
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2. 介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定。
I remember the day on which I settled in China. I remember the days during which I lived here. I remember the month in which I stayed there.
这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。
(定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词 that/which, 不用关系副词where)
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当position, point, case, stage, situation, atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词
时,若定语从句中缺少状语,则用where来引导 定语从句。
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗?(从句缺少地点状语)
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“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中,关系代词只 能用which/whom,不可用that。先行词指物时,用 which;先行词指人时,用whom。
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误区警示
当先行词是时间名词时,既可以用when 引导定 语从句,也可以用that 或which 引导定语从句, 关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关 系词在定语从句中充当状语,则用when 引导; 若关系词在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语,则用 that 或which引导。
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介词选择的三原则:
1. 介词根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定。
This is the book on which I spent 5 yuan.
This is the book for which I paid 5 yuan.
This is the book from which I learnt a lot.
3. 起连接作用
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关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从 句中作时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时 间的名词,如time, day, hour, year等。
We will never fors were held in Beijing. 我们将永远 不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
It's helpful to put children in a situation where
they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放到
一个能够让他们从不同的角度看待自己的环境中, 这对他们有帮助。
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why 表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句
中作原因状语,其先行词一般是reason 这个 词。
I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday.
我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
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误区警示
若替代先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作 状语,而是充当主语或者宾语,则用that/which 引导定语从句。
定语从句——关系副词 的用法
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当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、 地点、原因、方式状语时,应使用关系副词 when, where, why 或“介词+which”。 关系副词的作用如下:
1. 指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词 2. 在从句中充当句子成分——状语,即在从句 中起副词的作用
I won't listen to the reason that/which you have given us.
我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。
(定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用which/that, 不
用why)
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关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以 下方法判断:
最后,我们来到一家工厂,在那里许多高质量 的手机被生产出来。
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误区警示
当先行词为地点名词时,如果关系词在定语从句 中作主语或者宾语,则用that 或which引导定语 从句。
This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.