四六级翻译预测2020

预测一：年画
中国人在庆祝传统新年时，有贴年画(New Year pictures)的习俗。

这在宋朝的史料中有所记载。

广大农村尤其流行这个习俗。

在新年来临之际每个家庭都忙于往门、窗户和墙上贴彩色的年画或剪纸(paper-cut)。

传统的年画是用简单清晰的线条和明亮的色彩描绘出繁荣的景象。

年画表达的主题范围很广，但所有年画传递的信息一直都是好运、节日气息或人们希望的其他好事情。

参考翻译:
Chinese people have the custom of sticking up New Year pictures to celebrate the traditional New Year. It can be traced in the historical records of the Song Dynasty. The custom is particularly popular in the vast countryside.
Upon the coming of the New Year, every household will be busy pasting colorful New Year pictures or paper-cuts on their doors, windows and walls. Traditional New Year pictures are characterized by scenes of prosperity depicted in simple, clear lines and brilliant colors.
The themes expressed in New Year pictures cover a wide range, but the messages of all pictures convey are always good luck, festival atmosphere or other nice things in the wish of the people.
难点点拨：
1.中国人在庆祝传统新年时，有贴年画的习俗:本句主语是“中国人”，可用Chinese people来表示。

谓语部分是“有贴年画的习俗”，其中“有…的习俗”可译为have the custom of..., “贴年画”可译为stick up New Year pictures。

2.这在宋朝的史料中有所记栽:该句可译为被动句This canbe traced in the historicalrecords of the Song Dynasty。

其中谓语为be traced，“史料”可译为historical records。

3.在新年来临之际，每个家庭都忙于往门、窗户和墙上贴彩色的年画或剪纸:“在新年来临之际”可译为Upon the coming of the New Year。

“每个家庭”可译为every household。

“忙于..."可译为be busy in doing sth.或be occupied with...。

年画02
年画(New Year painting)是最受中国家庭欢迎的民间手工艺术形式之一。

年画一般在春节时张贴。

因年画在新的一年到来后才会被换，故称“年画”。

年画是中国民间美术中较大的一个艺术门类，它始于古代的“门神画(door-god picture) 据说贴在家门上可以辟邪。

同时，年画还可以美化居家环境，增添节日的喜庆气氛，为家人带来幸福和欢乐，表达了民众向往美好生活的愿望。

参考翻译：
The New Year pictures are one of the most popular folk handcraft arts among Chinese families. Generally, they're posted during the Spring Festival. They will be replaced after another New Year's arrival, hence their name is New Year pictures.
The New Year picture in China is a large category of folk art, originating from the door-god pictures, which is believed to exorcise evil spirits when posted on the door of a house. At the same time, the pictures can beautify people's homes, enhance the festive atmosphere and bring happiness and joy to the family, and express their hopes for a better life.
难点点拨：
1.门神画：door-god picture
2.民间美术：folk art
3.辟邪：exorcise evil spirits
预测二：中国菜
中国菜01
中国菜举世闻名，而菜名更是诙谐有趣，妙趣横生，充满中国人的智慧。

很多菜名用字典雅瑰丽，充满吉祥喜庆之气，诸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龙须”，鸡蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“凤凰”，鸡爪称“凤爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。

不少菜名豪华气派，美不可言，有种汤叫“珍珠玛瑙(agate)翡翠汤”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。

一些含有祝贺或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹笋炒排骨是“步步高升”。

有些菜名采用的是成语，萝卜丝上放根红辣椒表示“踏雪寻梅”。

参考翻译：
Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits/ fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people.
Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”，egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called “white jade” and so on.
Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables.
Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' .
Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is cal led “looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”.
难点点拨：
1吉祥喜庆之气：full of auspicious and festive atmosphere
2.珍珠玛瑙翡翠汤：soup of pearl, agate and jade
3.步步高升：higher and higher
4.踏雪寻梅：looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow
中国菜02
中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。

中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。

每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。

中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。

中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。

中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。

参考翻译:
Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines".Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main
factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on the perfect combination of color, flavor, and taste, and the soul of the dishes in taste. The culture of Chinese cuisine culture is extensive and profound, and Chinese cuisine, one of the Three World Cuisines, enjoys a reputation home and abroad.
难点点拨：
1.第一句话的汉语由两个分句组成，句子较长，在译成英文时，可把它拆分成两句。

“也指发源于中国的烹饪方式”可单独译成一句also refers to cooking styles originating fromChina，这样可以更好的体现两句的并列关系。

2.第二句话由三个分句组成。

翻译时将“中国菜流派众多”译为主句，“历史悠久”用with a history of...来表达，“主要代表菜系有…”则用非限制性定语从句表示。

这样可以使译文结构紧凑，句式多样。

3.第三句中的“风格各异”可以用be distinctive from表达，比用have different styles 更地道。

4.在“中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳”中，“色、香、味俱佳”的英文翻译并没有逐字的对应，因而增译了combination，把汉语中暗含的意思完整地表达出来。

中国菜03
中国是一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。

地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。

最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系，这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。

中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。

参考译文：
China is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.
难点点拨：
幅员辽阔a vast territory
资源丰富abundant resources
历史悠久time-honored
民族、多民族ethnics/multi-ethnics
独特的 unique
丰富菜肴abundant dishes
地域菜系Regional cuisines
地理环境geographical environment
气候climate
文化传统cultural tradition
民族风俗folk customs
经过悠久历史的发展after long-history evolution
成形take shape
最有影响力的the most influential
最具代表性的the most representative
菜系XX Cuisines
多种多样的烹饪方法diversified cooking skills
以……方法区分的 be characterized by
各有长处each has its strong points/ each has its own advantages
预测三：京剧
京剧01
京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。

作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装（costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。

不同的服装类型反映不同的人物身份特征。

富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。

脸谱是京剧中塑造人物形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。

脸谱的颜色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。

比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。

参考翻译：
Beijing Opera is the quintessence of the Chinese culture. As a traditional art form, its costume and facial mask are more popular with people. Different style of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters. There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles, while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental. Facial masks can reflect images of different characters. Using different colors is an important way to portray a character in facial mask. People can tell from the color of the mask whether he is a hero or a villain. In general, white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.
难点点拨：
1.国粹：the quintessence of the Chinese culture
2.被人喜爱：be popular with sb
3.绿林好汉：rebellious fighters
4.正直不阿：righteousness
京剧02
京剧是世界上最古老的戏剧艺术形式之一。

从唐代起，京剧的表演者被称为“梨园弟子(the artical performer)"。

在清代，它在老百姓中也开始流行。

表演是在茶馆、饭馆，甚至是在临时搭建的舞台上进行的。

每个演员的脸上画着夸张的图案，代表每个人物的性格、角色和命运。

这种技艺可能源于古代的宗教和舞蹈。

熟悉京剧的观众可以通过观察人物的脸部描绘和服装来了解故事。

参考翻译:
Beijing opera is one of the oldest opera art forms in the world. Since the Tang Dynasty, performers of Beijing opera were referred to as "the artical performers".During the Qing Dynasty, it became fashionable among ordinary people. Performances were watched in tearooms, restaurants, and even on makeshift stages.Exaggerated designs are painted on performer's face to symbolize character's personality, role, and fate. This technique may originated from ancient religions and dance. Audiences who are familiar with the opera can know the story by observing the characters' facial
paintings as well as their costumes.
难点点拨：
1.每个演员的脸上画着夸张的图案，代表每个人物的性格、角色和命运：“夸张的图案”可译为exaggerated designs, exaggerated意为"夸张的，夸大的。

“代表”可译为symbolize或represent等。

2.这种技艺可能源于古代的宗教和舞蹈：“源于”可译为originate from,或derive from, originate意为“创始，起源"，名词形式为origin，意思是“起源、发源”。

预测四：昆曲/黄梅戏
昆曲01
昆曲(Kunqu Opera)源于江苏昆山地区，至今已有600多年的历史，它是中国戏曲最古老的存在形式之一。

昆曲有一个完整的表演体系并且有自己独特的腔调。

昆曲在明朝初期得到发展。

从16到18世纪，它一直主宰着中国戏曲。

此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式。

今天，昆曲依然在中国的一些大城市被进行表演，受到了许多人的喜爱。

参考翻译:
Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan , Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete system of acting characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming Dynasty, Kunqu Opera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th century. In addition, Kunqu Opera has influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Opera is still played in some major cities of China and enjoys popularity among many people.
难点点拨：
1.至今已有600多年的历史:“已有600多年的历史”可译为with a history of more than 600 years,其中with ahistory of意表示“有...的历史”，more than表示“多于，超过”。

2.昆曲在明朝初期得到发展:“发展”可译为develop,常用的短语有develop into, 意为“发展成为”。

“明朝初期”可译为the early Ming Dynasty,而“明朝末期”可译为the late MingDynasty。

3.此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式:“此外”可译为in addition。

“影响”可译为influence，也可译为have the influence of。

黄梅戏02
黄梅戏(Huangmei Opera)源于湖北省黄梅县的采茶歌曲，连同京剧、越剧(Yue Opera)、评剧(Ping Opera)和豫剧(Yu Opera)是中国的五大戏曲。

它最初是以一种简单的载歌载舞的戏剧形式出现的。

后来，随着饱受洪水灾害的灾民，黄梅戏传到了安徽省安庆市。

它吸收了徽剧和当地歌舞的元素，发展到了今天的形式。

黄梅戏以一种淸新的风格反映了普通居民的生活，受到了群众的喜爱。

参考翻译：
Huangmei Opera was originated from tea picking songs in Huangmei county, Hubei province. It is one of the Five Operas in China together with BeijingOpera, Yue Opera, Ping Opera and Yu Opera. It first appeared as a simple drama of song and dance. Later, it was spread to Anqing, Anhui by immigrating victims of floods. Absorbing elements of Anhui Opera and local songs and dances, Huangmei Opera was developed to the present form. It enjoys great popularity among the masses by reflecting the life of ordinary people in a fresh style.
难点点拨：
1.黄梅戏源于湖北省黄梅共的采茶歌曲，连同京剧、越剧、评剧和豫剧是中国的五大戏曲:后半句可以理解为“黄梅戏是中国五大戏曲之一”，即Huangmei Opera isone of the Five Operas in China。

再翻译句子的剩余部分连同京剧、越剧、评剧和豫剧”时，可将其着作是句子的状语，译为together with Beijing Opera, Yue Opera, Ping Opera and Yu Opera。

2.它最初是以一种简单的载歌载舞的戏剧形式出现的:“简单的载歌载舞的戏剧形式”可译为a simple drama of song and dance。

3.后来，随着饱受洪水灾害的灾民，黄梅戏传到了安徽省安庆市:该句可译为被动句，其中主干则是it was spread to...by immigrating victims of floods.
预测五：年糕
年糕(Chinese New Year Cake)是中国人的传统食品，距今已有两千年的历史。

早期被用来祭奠灶神(the Kitchen God)，其后渐渐成为一种春节特色食品。

年糕主要是用糯米粉(glutinous rice flour)制作而成，有黄、白两色，象征金、银。

在汉语中，“粘”与“年”同音，而“糕”与“高”同音，所以年糕寓意人们的生活水平一年比一年提高。

年糕营养丰富，不但吃起来香甜可口，而且还有健身祛病的作用。

中国地域广、各地的风俗习惯不同，因而年糕的种类也多种多样。

参考翻译:
Chinese New Year Cake is a traditional food for Chinese people with a history of 2,000 years. In early times, it was used as an offering to the Kitchen God and gradually evolved into a kind of food typical in the Spring Festival. Chinese New Year Cake is made of glutinous rice flour, with yellow or white as its color, symbolizing gold and silver. In Chinese, "sticky" is identical in sound to "year" and "cake" to "high", so Chinese New Year Cake also implies that people’s standard of living would be improved year by year. Chinese New Year Cake, containing lots of nutrition, not only tastes sweet and delicious but also benefits people health and wards off diseases. China is vast in territory and its customs vary from place to place, thus the types of Chinese New Year Cake are also various.
预测六：汤圆
汤圆(sweet soup ball)是中国的一种传统食物。

它最初在隋朝被称为元宵(Yuanxiao)，曾被用来指代元宵节(the Lantern Festival)，元宵节是一个以吃汤圆或元宵的形式来庆祝的节日。

汤圆至今已经有700多年的历史了。

这种深受人们喜爱的食物最早出现在宁波。

随着不断的发展和完善，逐渐形成了这种有着特殊味道，由糯米(glutinous rice)做皮、猪油(lard)做馅儿的宁波汤圆。

参考翻译:
Sweet soup ball is a kind of traditional food in China.Originally named Yuanxiao in the Sui Dynasty，it was ever used to refer to the Lantern Festival，a day celebrated by eating sweet soup balls and rice glue balls.Sweet soup ball now has a history of over 700 years.This food，much favored by people，first appeared in Ningbo.Through its continuous development and improvement,the unique flavor of Ningbo sweet soup balls made of glutinous rice with lard stuffing has gradually come into being.
预测七：红楼梦
《红楼梦》(A Dream of Red Mansions)是曹雪芹在18世纪中期的作品。

它不仅是一部中国小说的巨作，同时也是世界文学的瑰宝。

曹雪芹出生于一个由极富没落到极贫的贵族权势家族。

基于他对生活的理解、进步的思想、认真的写作态度和高超的写作技能，他才能创作出《红楼梦》。

这本书描述了一个封建大家庭的生活及其没落，小说中所写的家庭既是现实的反映，又是曹雪芹自己家庭的小说化或者“梦”般的写照。

参考翻译:
A Dream of Red Mansions was written by Cao Xueqin in the middle of the 18th century.It is not only a great Chinese novel but also a gem of world literature.Cao Xueqin was born into a noble and powerful family which declined from extreme prosperity to poverty.Based on his own understanding of life, his progressive ideas,serious writing attitude and excellent writing skill, he was able to create A Dream of Red Mansions.The book describes the life and declining fortunes of a large feudal family, which is both a realistic reflection and a fictional or "dream” version of Cao's own family.
预测八：西游记
《西游记》是吴承恩写的一部神话小说(mythological novel)，讲述的是唐僧在三个徒弟孙悟空、猪八戒和沙僧的保护下去西天取经(to find the Buddhist scripture )的故事。

一路上，唐僧经常被妖怪(demon )捉走，性命垂危，因为它们相信吃了他的肉就可以长生不老，因而他的三个徒弟总要一次又一次地解救他。

在历经了九九81难之后，他们终于取得了真经，修炼成佛。

1986年，这部小说被改编为电视剧，受到了广大观众的喜爱。

参考翻译:
Journey to the West is a mythological novel written by Wu Cheng'en which tells a story about Tangseng—the Master, who went to the West to find the Buddhist scripture under the protection of his three disciples- Monkey King, Pigsy and Sandy. During the journey, Tangseng is often captured and has his life threatened, because the demons who capture him believe that if they eat Tangseng they can attain immortality. As a result, his three disciples always have to save him time and again. After
experiencing 81 difficulties, the four obtain the true scripture and become Buddha. In 1986，the novel was adapted into a TV series, which was very popular among the massive audience.
预测九：旗袍
旗袍(cheongsam)是独具中国特色的女性服饰，在高端时尚的国际世界中日益流行。

它上身容易，穿着舒适，而且特别适合中国女性的身材。

旗袍衣领髙，领部闭合，根据季节和品味不同，旗袍有短袖、中袖和长袖可供选择。

旗袍右侧系扣，胸部宽松，腰部合身。

它的好处在于可以使用多种材质，并以不同长度制作，因此在休闲和正式场合都可穿着。

无论身处何种场合，旗袍都给人带来一种简洁而安静的魅力，显得优雅而整洁。

参考翻译:
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world of high fashion.Easy to slip on and comfortable to wear, the cheongsam fits well the female Chinese figure.Its neck is high，collar closed, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, depending on seasons and tastes.The dress is buttoned on the right side, with a loose chest and a fitting waist.The beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, it can be worn either on casual or formal occasions.In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.
预测十：唐装
唐朝是中国古代最繁荣、兴旺、灿烂、光荣的时期。

因此，中国人穿的传统服装就被称为“唐装(Tang suit)”。

实际上，“唐装”并不是唐朝的服装。

它的起源可以追溯到清朝，由马褂(Chinese jacket)演变而来。

唐装的颜色多种多样，最常见的是红色、深蓝色、金色和黑色。

唐装上一种常见的设计是使用汉字来表达好运和祝福。

今天，仍然有很多人会在传统的节日里穿唐装。

参考翻译:
The Tang Dynasty was the most thriving, prosperous, splendid and glorious period in ancient China.As a result, the traditional clothing worn by the Chinese is called “Tang suit”.Actually, "Tang suit” is not the clothing of the Tang Dynasty.Its origin can be
traced back to the Qing Dynasty, evolving from Chinese jacket.Tang suit is made in different colors, the most common are red, dark blue, gold and black.One common design is the usage of Chinese characters to convey good luck and wishes.Today,there are still many people who would wear Tang suit during traditional festivals.
预测十一：汉服
根据《中国古代服饰辞典》，“汉服”（“Hanfu”）一词的意思是“汉民族传统服饰”。

这是一个将汉族服饰与少数民族服饰区分开来的概念。

“汉服”一词虽然在古代并不常用，但在中国汉、唐、宋、明、民国时期的一些史料中被记载了下来。

汉服蕴含着中国人追求美好的生活哲学，深刻反映了中国传统思想在服饰文化上的体现。

近些年，汉服在中国的年轻人中再次流行起来。

每逢传统佳节，汉服爱好者们都会自发举办活动，以此唤回人们对优秀传统文化的认识。

参考译文：
According to The Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Clothing, “Hanfu” means “the traditional clothing of the Han nationality”. It is a concept to distinguish the dress of the Han people from that of ethnic minorities. The term of “Hanfu”, s eldom used in ancient times, can be found in some historical records from the Han, Tang, Song, Ming dynasties and the Republican era of China. Hanfu implies the Chinese philosophy of pursuing a better life, which deeply reflects the influence of Chinese traditional thoughts on dress culture. In recent years, Hanfu has revived among the youth in China. Every traditional festival, enthusiasts for Hanfu will spontaneously hold some activities, in order to arouse people’s awareness of the splendid traditional culture.。