Book 8_U2_重点词汇讲解

重点词汇讲解

1.universal adj. 共通的、广泛的、全球的、公认的；普遍的、一般的；

●There was universal agreement as to who should become chairman.

谁该当主席，大家的意见是一致的。

●This is a subject of universal interest.

这是一个普遍关心的问题。

●Football is a universal game.

足球是一项全球化的体育运动。

2.witness vt. 亲眼目睹

●Did you really witness the accident that happened near our school?

你真的亲眼目睹了发生在我们学校附近的那场事故？

●Several journalists witnessed the incident in which eight people were injured.

几名记者目睹了那场事故，事故中八人受伤。

witness n. 目击者；证人

●Mr. Green was asked to act as a witness to the agreement between his two friends.

格林先生被叫去在他的两位朋友达成的协议上签名作证。

●He will appear as a witness for the defendant.

他将作为被告的证人出庭。

阅读下列各句，辨别witness的词性和含义。

1) Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident. （n. 目击者）

2) His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment. （n. 为……提供证据)

3) Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility. （vt. 见证）

4) She witnessed to having seen the man enter the building. （vi. 作证说）

3.cast vt. 分派某人扮演角色；为……选演员；（其过去式和过去分词均为cast）

●The director cast me as a mad scientist.

导演分派我演一个发狂的科学家。

●John was cast as Hamlet and Mary as Ophelia in the film.

在这部戏中，约翰扮演哈姆雷特，马莉扮演奥菲利亚。

阅读下列各句，辨别cast的词性和含义。

1) The fishermen cast their nets into the sea. （vt. 抛、撒）

2) To cast aside the salesgirl’s doubts, he emptied all his pockets. （vt. 打消）

3) She cast a glance in his direction. （vt. 把……投向）

4) We were cast away on an island without food or water. （vt. 使漂流）

5) Now that the warmer weather has come, we cast off our winter clothing.

（vt. 脱掉、不再穿）

6) The film has a strong cast that includes several famous names. （n. 演员阵容）

4.set vt. 以……为背景；发生在……

●The book is set in 17th century Spain.

这本书以十七世纪的西班牙为背景。

●The play is set in Venice.

这部剧发生在威尼斯。

阅读下列各句，辨别set的含义。

1) Could you please help me set the table? （摆放）

2) I opened the cage and set the birds free. （使处于……状态）

3) Your remarks set me thinking. （使开始）

4) She set the alarm for 6:30 a.m. （调整好）

5) He set a new land speed record. （创设）

6) In winter, the sun set early in the west. （落、下沉）

7) We set about clearing up the mess. （开始做……）

8) She sets aside a little money each week. （节省）

9) They set off/set out in search of the lost child. （出发）

10) The bomb could be set off by the slightest vibration. （使爆炸）

5.potential adj. 将来有可能成为……，潜在的

●He is seen as a potential leader of our political party.

他将来有可能成为我们政党的领袖。

●Always on the lookout for the potential dangers.

时刻警惕潜在的危险。

阅读下列各句，注意potential的词性变化和含义。

1) He has acting potential, but he needs training. （n. 潜力）

2) She is potentially our best tennis player, but she needs to practice much harder.

（adv. 有可能成为……）

3) Such a forceful person may have great potentialities for either good or evil.

（n. 潜在可能性）

6.imagine vt. 想像；设想、认为

●You can imagine my surprise when they told me the news.

你能想像得出他们在把那则消息告诉我时我是多么的惊讶。

●You can imagine how surprised I was.

你能想像得出我是多么的惊讶。

●Try to imagine that you are all alone on a desert island.

试想一下你孤身一人在一个荒岛上。

●It’s hard to imagine living in a place where there are no cars.

生活在一个没有汽车的地方是不可思议的。

●Can you imagine George cooking the dinner?

你能想像乔治烧饭吗？

●She imagines that people don’t like her, but they do.

她认为人们都不喜欢她，但他们是喜欢她的。

7.否定词never/no/not/nothing等与比较级连用，往往表达最高级含义。

●世上没有比那些书更有价值的东西了。

Nothing in the world is more valuable than those books.

=Those books are the most valuable in the world.

●He said he had never watched a more exciting game before.

=He said the game was the most exciting one he had ever watched.