英语复合句之定语从句
英语中的定语从句
英语中的定语从句英语中的定语从句所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
如下是店铺给大家整理的英语中的定语从句，希望对大家有所作用。
英语中的定语从句11. 中英文定语的位置有什么差别？(1) 在中文里定语一般是前置，中国古代汉语中存在定语后置的情况；(2) 英文中一个词修饰另一个词的时候存在前置和后置两种情况，词组和句子修饰一个单词的时候都是后置。
2. 英译汉的主要步骤是什么？英译汉“三部曲”：断句、翻译、重读。
3. 英文中的介词翻译成中文时是什么词性？英文中的介词可以翻译成为中文里的方位副词和动词。
4. 中英文句式有什么差异？中英文的语言顺序：中文：先出主语+废话（包括定语、状语、补语和插入语等）+最重要成分英文：先出主语+最重要成分+废话（包括定语、状语、补语和插入语等）5. 定语从句有几种译法？分别是什么？定语从句的翻译主要有以下三种方法：(1) 前置译法：就是将定语从句完全置于被修饰词之前，在定语从句后面加上一个“的”就可以了。
(2) 后置译法：就是将定语从句完全置于被修饰词之后，但是这点要注意的是需要翻译关系词。
(3) 句首译法：就是将定语从句完全置于整个句子的前面，调整全句语序。
但是，这种翻译方法不是十分常见，因为在刚开始学习笔译的时候，我们不主张改变句子结构，不然很容易引起句子的歧义。
6. 循环套用定语从句是什么？怎么进行翻译？每一个定语从句都是在修饰前一个定语从句中的`最后一个名词，这样就形成了一种循环的状态，我们把这样的定语从句称之为“循环套用”定语从句。
结构如下：中心词+定语1+定语2+定语3+……定语N翻译公式：定语1+定语2≈定语3 就把前两者放在一起翻译定语1≈定语2+定语3 就把后两者放在一起翻译如果三个定语一样长，根据经验判断还是把前两个放在一起翻译。
7. 需要断句的长句和不需要断句的长句分别怎样进行翻译？(1) 第一种，长句不带有很多标点，句子结构比较复杂，要先断句，再翻译，最后就是重读；(2) 第二种，长句带有很多逗号，首先还是先断句，看看有没有什么不明白的地方。
英语中定语从句用法
英语中定语从句用法英语中定语从句用法定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
中定语从句用法在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中，who用作主语，如：This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中，whose用作定语，如：Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意：(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。
如：He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lostmy bag, which I like very much.(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
高考英语容词性从句(定语从句)(复合句考查的重点).doc
[教育资源网] 百万教学资源，完全免费，无须注册，天天更新！形容词性从句（定语从句）（复合句考查的重点）定语从句是主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句，所以又称形容词从句。
根据与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
定语从句主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词；介词＋关系代词以及非限制性定语从句。
具体考点如下：考点一：引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词(as, when, where, why)等。
但是当下列情况出现时，对引导词有特殊要求。
1.指物只能用 that不用which 的情况1).当先行词是不定代词时,如:all, little, much, none, one, everyone, something, anything, everything, nothing 等。
2).当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, 等修饰时。
3).当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
4).在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。
5)当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.6).当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用 that。
Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Brown？7).如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。
We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.8).当先行词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
定语从句
英语基础语法——定语从句■有关定语从句的概念(1)定语从句：就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。
(2)先行词：就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词不仅起连接作用，而且还代表先行词并在定语从句中担任某一句子成分，关系代词作主语、宾语、定语、表语等，关系副词作状语。
如：This is the book that my father bought me yesterday. 这就是我父亲昨天帮我买的那本书。
说明：句中修饰the book的that my father bought me yesterday就是定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的the book这是先行词；代表the book的关系代词that在定语从句中作bought的直接宾语。
The time when he arrives is not known. 他到达的时间还不知道。
说明：句中when he arrives是定语从句，被定语从句修饰的the time是先行词，关系副词when作时间状语。
■关系代词的一般用法先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。
在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。
关系代词作宾语时常被省略。
This is the man who helped me yesterday. 这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。
(作主语)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming. 你要见的老师来了。
(作see的宾语，可以省略)I met a boy whose father was a astronaut. 我认识一位男孩，他的父亲是宇航员。
复合句之定语从句
汉语中定语的概念：
1.在汉语中，定语常由形容词、数量词、名词、代词 充当。也可由其他词或短语充当。定语用来修饰主 语和宾语。
例如：1.(暖和的)阳光照着(平静的)湖水。（形容词作定语）
2.我给大家讲（一个）故事。（数量词作定语） 3.（今天）的报纸看过吗？ （名词作定语） 4.（我们的）历史有（自己的）特点。（代词作定语）
What are you doing？
你在干什么啊？
I’m writing letters. My teacher taught me today! 我在写信,老师今天教我的。
Really？What
are you writing?
真的啊？你在写些什么呢？
I don’t know.The teacher haven’t taught me how to read!我不知道。老师还没教我怎么阅读。
作定语
2. which, that ，指物
which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
可省略
This is a truck which / that is made in
China.
作主语
I like the book (which / that) you bought
yesterday.
作宾语
3.只能用that的情况:
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
英语的定语从句总结
英语的定语从句总结英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结，希望对大家有帮助。
英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。
定语从句复合句怎么做
定语从句复合句怎么做定语从句复合句怎么做的复合句一般分为三大类型，名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
定语从句复合句怎么做呢？店铺来帮你看看吧！复合句的介绍复合句分为并列复合句和主从复合句，在英语试题中，复合句占有较大的比例，复习时应该注意：1. 要发散思维，忌单向思维，考各种从属句，常常是不同类型的连接词语正误连缀而至，如果不抓住这一点，不从多方面思考选择，就容易以偏概全，误入歧途;2. 弄清主从复合句中的每一个从属连接词的意思、用法、主句与从句在时态上的呼应、语气、是否需要倒装、固定搭配及逻辑常识等;3. 熟记句型及特殊表达形式;4. 注意各分句之间的特点及区别;5. 注意有些连接词的省略情况及省略后某些语序发生的变化。
总之在做习题时，不能生搬硬套，一成不变，要全方位的思考，摸清出题者的意图，灵活机动，随着不同的语言环境而变化。
复合句的用法(一)名词性从句在整个复合句中起名词作用，充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等的各种从句，统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句主要有以下几种：1.that引导的从句 e.g. It is reported that one third of Guangzhou citizens plan to buy a private car. (据报道，三分之一的广州市民打算购买私家车。
)2. whether/if引导的从句e.g. Whether motorcycles should be banned in Guangzhou has become an issue of controversy.(广州是否禁摩托车成了有争议的。
)3. how/why/when/where引导的从句e.g. This essay aims to explore why so many white collar workers suffer from insomnia.(本文将探讨为这么多白领失眠的原因。
高中英语定语从句详解
定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念：定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。
复合句：The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词关系代词Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.关系词的作用：1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语)常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、whereThe student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
一. 几个关系代词的基本用法：1. 定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.This is the pen which was given by my friend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语This is the pen which my friend gave to me.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语2. 定语从句的关系代词Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl with whom I went there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.3. 定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThis is the teacher whom\who we like best.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl whom\ who I went with there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.I do n’t like the boy to whom you are talking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前. 4. 定语从句的关系代词that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语The animal that \which is lost is a panda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语She is the person that \who we are worried about.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语定语从句的关系副词Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there)介词短语副词这就是我在那儿出生的房子.I was born in.这里作介宾的which和that可以省略I was born in练习：用which ，where填空1 This is the factory they want to visit。
复合句之定语从句
复合句之定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see.The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.The factory which makes computers is far away from here.He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。
英语语法-定语从句精讲
英语语法定语从句精讲在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
一）关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。
它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
A．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
What was the name of the man who lent you the money （定语从句修饰先行词the man B．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。
The people whom/who I work with are all friendly. （定语从句修饰先行词the people）Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. （介词后不用who）C．whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词。
There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget. （定语从句修饰先行词people）D．which1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。
做宾语时常可省略。
English is a language which is easy to learn. （which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）The children like cookies (which) my wife makes. (关系代词which作makes的宾语，可省略) 2．which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于and this。
高中英语语法：定语从句知识点
高中英语语法：定语从句知识点在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that 和关系副词when、where、why等。
一、关系代词和关系副词的功能关系代词和关系副词功能有三个：1）用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
2）关系代词和关系副词可作定语从句的一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语；关系副词可作状语。
3）关系代词和关系副词在从句中代替在他前面的先行词。
1、作主语关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数应与先行词一致。
All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需要的是大量的油。
（引导词that在句中作主语）The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. 昨天到我班来访的外国人来自加拿大。
（引导词who在句中作主语）2、作宾语在定语从句里作宾语的关系代词在口语中常被省去The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。
（引导词that，可省略）The fish (which) we bought wes not fresh. 我们买的鱼不新鲜。
（引导词which，可省略）3、作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。
This is the boy whose mother is our Chinese teacher. 这就是那个男孩，他母亲是我们的语文老师。
注意：关系代词whose在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语时，可以跟介词放在主语和从句之间。
The boss in whose company Mr. Kang worked called at the hospital. 老板到医院拜访了康先生，康先生在他的公司里工作。
英语定语从句
定语从句一、概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫“先行词”。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词分为：关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词有：who, that,whom, whose, which等；在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等；常见的关系副词有：where,when,why等；在从句中作状语。
三、关系代词的用法所作成分：先行词：人；先行词：物主语：Who,that ；Which,that宾语：Who,that.whom ；Which,that定语：whose ；whose总结：1.当先行词是人时：关系代词who和that既可以作主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略；2.其中whom只作宾语；3.当先行词是物时：关系代词which和that既可以作主语，又可以作宾语，而且作宾语时可以省略；4.whose 既可以指人，也可以指物；that既可以指人，也可以指物。
Eg：01.Do you know the girl who/that often comes here?（作主语）02.The girl who/that/whom I spoke to is my daughter.（作宾语）03.The building which/that stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主语）04.The book which/that you bought for me is very interesting.（作宾语）05.whose既可以指人，也可以指物；在从句中作定语，形式为“whose+名词”表所属关系，即谁的、、、、、、。
Do you know the singer whose name is Wang feng?I live in a house whose windows face south.四、介词+which /whom引导的定语从句（1）当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that（指物）；who/that/whom（指人）作从句中介词的宾语，关系代词可以省略。
英语复合句之定语从句
英语复合句之定语从句复合句（Complex Sentence）分为并列复合句和主从或从属复合句，并列复合句是有并列连词：and、or、but连接；从属复合句由一个主句（Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
用疑问词作引导词，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。
从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。
所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（connective）引导。
根据引导从句为主不同，大致可分为：名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句）、定语从句、状语从句等。
定语从句:定语从句在句中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。
被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。
引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
关系副词有：when, where, why。
注意：关系副词里面没有how。
如果要修饰方式，用that或in which引导，或者不用引导词：I don’t like the way (不用引导词.that, in which) he eyed me.我不喜欢他看我的那个样子。
1）定语从句关系代词：who（关系代词who在从句中主要作主语，在非正式语体里who还可以作从句中的宾语）He is the man who wants to see you.2）定语从句关系代词：whom（whom在从句中作宾语）He is the man（whom）I saw in the park yesterday.3）定语从句关系代词：whose（用来指人或物，只能用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green. （of which the cover/the cover of which）4）定语从句关系代词：which（1）which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时在非正式语体中可以省略。
定语从句
1.I don’t like the man__always speaks ill of others. 2.A dictionary is a book__gives the meaning of words. 3.This is the story __he read last night. 4.The student__I praised works very hard. 5.The girl__hair is yellow is my classmate. 6.The book__cover is old is very interesting. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句，此处指介词+which/whom,先行词为 which, whom 物which,先行词为人whom This is the house (in which Lu Xun once lived). There is a big window in my room (through which I can see the railway station). I will never forget the day( on which I won the first prize). The man (with whom I talked )is a professor. 如果将介词置于定语从句后，which可由that代替，也可省略，whom 可由who(非正式英语)/that代替，也可省略，即： This is the house (which/that/…… Lu Xun once lived in). The man (whom/who/that/…… I talked with) is a professor.
比较 1.I will never forget the day__ we worked together. I will never forget the day__ we spent together. 2.The house __he lives needs repairing. The house__we bought last week is very big. 3.The reason__he was late for school was that he was injured in the traffic accident on his way to school. The reason __he explained at the meeting was that he had to look after her mother in hospital. 限制性定语从句：是主句不可或缺的一部分，若去掉，句意不清。 非限制性定语从句：对主句附加说明，若去掉，句意仍清，且多用 逗号与主句隔开。 非限制性定语从句不能用that 引导。 比较 1.This is the house which we bought last month. The house，which we bought last month，is very nice.
易错点01 定语从句(解析版)
2024年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破易错点01 定语从句定语从句概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。
定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.↓ ↓ ↓先行词引导词从句（定语从句）关系词的选用关系代词指代在定从中所作成分例句which物主语宾语Lucy likes music which is gentle.that人、物主语宾语Lucy likes music that is gentle.The girl that has long hair is his sister.who人主语宾语The girl who has long hair is his sister.whom人宾语He is the student that/who/whom I like best.whose人的、物的定语I like those books whose topics are about history.注意：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。
The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。
1．（2023·西藏·统考中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present.A．which B．who C．what D．where【答案】B【详解】句意：苏炳添是目前中国跑得最快的运动员。
复合句之定语从句1(关系代词)---2021年高考一轮复习英语句法(含解析)
2021年高考一轮复习英语句法复合句之定语从句1（关系代词）1.The reason_________he explained at the meeting didn't sound reasonable.A.whyB.for thatC.for whichD.which2.This is the school_________he used to study English in.A.whereB.in whichC.thatD.when3.Biologists suggest that as climate change progresses, some insects may become trapped —like fish out of water — in habitats _____ can no longer support them.A.thatB.whereC.whenD.who4.Here are some of the people ________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.A.whenB.whoseC.whomD.that5.China is widely known for its ancient civilization ________ has continued all the way through into modern times.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.which6.I can’t help but remember the precious child ______ smile has brought me countless hours of joy throughout the years.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.of which7.The longest walk _______ I took was about 20 miles.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.where8.I have found the book ______ will help me a lot.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.why9.A harvester is a machine _____we harvest crops or a person_______is harvesting.A.which; whoB.that; thatC.with which; whoD./; that10.Since parents advise children on so many things, they will probably be the first people _____ advice their children seek.A.thatB.whenC.whoD.whose11.I will never forget the days _______we spent and the place _______ we stayed.A.which; whichB.when; whereC.when: whichD.which; where12.Is this the reason _______he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A.／B.whatC.howD.why13.The digital age enables us to find people share our interests.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.where14.We should respect the people ________ devote themselves to fighting against COVID-19.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose15.Mount Tai is such an attractive place _________ almost everyone prefers to appreciate.A.asB.whichC.thatD.what16.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A.whereB.to whichC.whichD.in which17.— Did you ask the guard _______ happened?— Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A.what; thatB.what; whatC.which; whichD.that; that18.Which one of the following sentences is the compound sentence(并列句)?A.The man he mentioned was my classmate.B.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.C.Because the weather is so bad, we have to stay at home.D.Mr. Li was ill, so I was taking his class instead.19.To help friends, you should help others the way _______ you have been helped.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.whyst term our maths teacher set so difficult a problem in the exam ______ none of us could work out.A.asB.thatC.forD.and21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.A.howB.thatC.whatD.which22.There are many people __________ on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.that23.This is the most exciting film __________ I have ever seen.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose24.All the scenes and people _____were recorded on mobile phones or digital cameras are well connected.A./B.whichC.whoD.that25.Everyone in the world has a dream, a passion in their life _____ urges them to move forward.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.in which26.Friends love to get together and talk about the days they spent together.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.what27.I saw a man shouting at a driver ______ car was blocking the street.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who28.This is one of the largest factories been rebuilt since last year.A.which haveB.that haveC.which hasD.that has29.The police asked the witnesses to tell them all ______ they saw when the accident happened.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what30.Is this secondary school ______ we visited last month?A.the oneB.in whichC.whatD.that31.Our country is accelerating the construction of Xiong'an New District,_______will be a green, low-carbon, open, innovative and highly-competitive city.A.oneB.one thatC.thatD.what32.Which of the following sentences is correct?A.If you start to feel nervous or stressful, do not reach for a cigarette.B.Don’t choose a day that you know it is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam.C.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.D.Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HV/AIDS risks to get the virus.33.Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things ______ upset us.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.as34.The people who _____Net worms are those _____are addicted to the Internet.A.referred to as; whoB.are called; whomC.are known as; whoD.are known for; whom35.The building, from ______top visitors can enjoy a good view of Sanya, attracts hundreds of tourists every day.A.whichB.whoseC.itsD.where36.The students ________ don’t exercise much or ________ diet is rich in fat will gain weight.A.that…whomB.who…whoseC.who…whichD.whose…that37.Those are the most wonderful books ________ they have ever read.A.whichB.whereC.in whichD.that38.That is the reason ________ for his being late in class yesterday.A.what he explainedB.he explainedC.how he explainedD.why he explained39.They talked about their classmates and things_______ they still remembered in the middle school.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which40.According to her, the reason she was late for school was she had been stuck in traffic. However, we didn't actually believe the explanation she gave.A.why, because, /B.why, that, /C.that, that, thatD.that, because, that41.He would never forget the time they first met. It was five years ago he was introduced to the whole class as a new student. Since then the good time they spent together have always stayed in his heart.A.when, when, /B.that, that, /C.that, when, whenD.when, that, when42.Most live in poor countries, but there are also some boys and girls cannot go to school in rich countries.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.who43.It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.A.who, whereB.that, howC.who, thatD.that, which44.Is this museum ________ your friends ________ yesterday?A.that; referred toB.which; was referred toC.where; referred toD.the one; referred to45.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.A.whichB.thatC.all whatD.all that答案与解析1.D【详解】考查定语从句。
高中英语语法 定语从句
英语语法定语从句基础知识学习定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名次或代词即现行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：which、that、who、whom 、whose 关系副词有：when 、where、why 定语从句的引导词既起引导从句的作用，同时又担任从句的主语、宾语、定语（whose）、和状语，在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可以省略，在非限制性定从中不可省。
考点一、由which、that引导的定从，在从句中作主语、宾语，指物The building which/that stands near the river is our school.I lost the book (which/that)you gave me.考点二、由who、whom、that、whose在从句中主语、宾语、定语This is the man who/that helped me.I don’t know the man (who/whom/that)you talked with.Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.the roof of which has fallen in.of which the roof has fallen in.考点三、使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1. 关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+ which结构：when = on (in, at, during…) + which where = in (at, on…) + which why = for whichI was in Beijing on the day when (= on which) he arrived.The office where (= in which) he works is on the third floor.This is the chief reason why (= for which) we did it.2. 当先行词是表时间和表地点的词时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which 或that; 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when 或where，I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated.I’ll neve r forget the days which / that we spent together last summer.His father works in a factory where radio parts are made.His father works in a factory which / that makes radio parts.3. when 和where 既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
10复合句之三定语从句-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车
考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接 ❖ 考点归纳1. 关系代词: that (人、物), which (物), who (人), whom (人), whose (人、物), as关系副词: where, when, why先行词: 名词、代词定语从句的解题思路: 将先行词还原至定语从句中2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句:⑴ 一般情况下，非限制性定语从句可用who, whom, which, whose, where, when 引导，不用that,why 引导，且引导词不能省略；非限制性定语从句中的which 可指代整个分句，也可只是前面句子的一部分⑵ 特殊情况下只能用非限制性定语从句，①先行词为独一无二的事物(如Paris)；②定语从句修饰的是主句的整个或一部分；③特殊结构(如the largest of which)3. 只能用that 而非which:⑴ 先行词为不定代词，如Everything that we need is here. ⑵ 先行词被某些词修饰，如①all, any, no, little 等限定词；②形容词最高级；③序数词；④the only/ the very⑶ 先行词既包含人又包含物⑷ 主句为wh 开头的特殊疑问句或先行词为疑问代词 ⑸ 先行词还原时为定语从句中的表语，如He is not the man that he used to be. 4. 关系副词只在定语从句中(状语从句中成立吗?)有如下等同关系: (注意介词)where = prep . (e.g. in, on) + which其先行词可为place, room, house, etc. when = prep . (e.g. at, on) + which其先行词可为time, day, morning, etc. why = for which 其先行词只能为reason5. prep . + whom / which / whose + (n .) 结构:当关系代词作介词补足成分时，介词一般前置，此时只能用whom 指人，which 指物 第10讲： 复合句——定语从句1 anyone / those / he + who (主谓一致)e.g. James Russell is a man for whom I have the greatest respect.但一些固定的动词短语，如take care of, listen to等在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词拆开e.g. This is the old man whom he has been taking care of.若介词后置，可用who / that指人，that指物，间或省去e.g. They are the boys (who) / (that) I went to school with.e.g. Do you know the man in whose honor a party was held yesterday?e.g. I bought 6 books, two of which are for him. = I bought 6 books, and two of them are for him.cf. You may find fault in what he said.A turtle differs from all other reptiles in that it has its body encased in a protective shell.6.as的用法，如:the same… as … / such… as … / as we all know / As is known to all (非限制性定语从句位于主句之前)等；试比较the same … that … / such … that …7.充当定语从句宾语的关系代词(或that充当补语)通常可以省略(prep. +关系代词时可省略吗?)8.way的用法:I don’t like the way (in which / that) he speaks.注意不能用how引导以the way为先行词的定语从句，如不可说*That is the way how he spoke.但可改说That is how he spoke.9.one 与the one 的用法10.注意在限制性定语从句中，为避免关系词所指对象的歧义，对关系词的选择必须审慎，如There’s only one student in the school that I wanted to see.此处的关系代词that到底指代的是student还是school不明确，故改用who / whom，指明先行词为student11.双重定语从句，如She’s the only girl I know who can play the guitar.I know修饰the only girl，而who 引导的定语从句修饰the only girl I know2注意此类定语从句一般只能省略第一个从句中作宾语的关系词，如The best play ( ) Shakespeare wrote, but which I haven’t read, is probably King Lear .12.定语从句的“插入”与“割裂”现象，如I have gone to the Disneyland which you know I have been dreaming of.Gone are the days when we lived a sad life.13.比较、注意:a. Tom won the first prize, which pleases us. Tom won the first prize, and this pleases us.b. I will do all that I can to help you. ⇔ I will do what I can to help you.c. That’s the fact that we have won the match. ⇔ That’s the fact that / which we have found.d. It was in the first book shop where you bought it yesterday. (that I bought it)e. The meeting which will be held is important. ⇔ The meeting to be held is important.f. The meeting which is being held is important. ⇔ The meeting being held is important.g. The meeting which was held is important. ⇔ The meeting held is important.h. The watch (that) I had had repaired was out of order again yesterday.i. Never let those who are too weak carry such a heavy box.j. It’s the first time that I have visited Beijing.k. He spent as much as he could buying me a book.l. “Those who were able took advantage of the opportunities for success and happiness that presented themselves.” (Half a Day, by Naguib Mahfous) Can you break the long sentence intoa few sense groups (意群) and explain the meaning of it?❖考前巩固I. bine the two sentences by using relative clause(定语从句). The beginnings are given.1.○1A big tree stands in front of the house. ○2Do you remember the house?Do you remember ___________________________________________________2.○1The boss had heard about the accident. ○2Mr. Wang worked in the boss’s department.The boss ___________________________________________________________3.○1I learned most from Mrs. Brown. ○2The teacher was Mrs. Brown.The teacher _________________________________________________________4.○1I have great respect for my teacher. ○2I wonder if you have met her.Have you met _______________________________________________________5.○1You sent me a present. ○2Thank you very much for it.Thank you very much ________________________________________________6.○1I was sitting in a chair. ○2It suddenly collapsed.The chair __________________________________________________________7.○1She said that the men were thieves. ○2This turned out to be true.She said ___________________________________________________________ II. Fill in the blanks by using that, which, who , whom or “/(which means nothing is needed)”.Name ALL the possible answers.1.The first thing __________ you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day __________ is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family __________ had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house __________ we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man __________ I talked with just now?III. Fill in a relative word best suited to the context.1.Song birds are birds _____ sing.2.You ’re the only person _____ can help me.3.Is there anything _____ I can do for you?34.The monument is all _____ remains of the ancient city.5.The book _____ you are speaking of is unavailable.6.I know someone else _____ father works here.7.Can you suggest a time _____ it will be convenient to meet?8.I know a wood _____ you can find wild strawberries.9.Let ABC be a triangle _____ sides are of unequal length.10.We had a meeting the purpose of _____ was pletely unclear.11.I passed him a large glass of whisky, _____ he drank immediately.12.The way _____ you’re doing it is pletely crazy.13.Anne White, from _____ you received the invitation, lives next door to me.14.He is the man _____ I collaborated with in writing the book.15.Atlas (in Greek mythology ) was a kneeling man on _____ shoulder the world rested.16.He’s the best man _____ I can find _____ can mend it within an hour.17.Are you the lady _____ asked for soap?18.All _____ glitters is not gold.19.In the battle _____ the stream and the rock pete, the stream always wins, not through strength but byperseverance.20.We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of _____ is pletely waterproof.IV. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.1949年是新中国诞生的一年。
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英语复合句之定语从句英语复合句之定语从句引导语：定语从句呢？接下来是店铺为你带来收集整理的文章，欢迎阅读！一、定义定语从句是指在句中做定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。
当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。
二、定语从句的结构定语从句一般位于先行词的后面，定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which，that, as和关系副词when, where, why 等引导。
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
(1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中做主语和宾语。
例如：·Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中做主语)·He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中做宾语)(2)whose 用作关系词表示所属格，也可看作是关系形容词，因为它后面必须接一个名词连用。
不能单独使用。
例如：·They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可做主语、宾语等。
作宾语时常可省略。
例如：·A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)(二)关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
(1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。
例如：·There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
·Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。
·Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?(2)that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。
例如：·His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
·He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
(三)限制性和非限制性定语从句(1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
例如：·This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
(限制性)·The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。
(非限制性)(2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的'定语从句通常是非限制性的。
例如：·Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
·My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
·This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
(3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
例如：·He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
·Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
(四)介词+关系词(1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。
(2)that前不能有介词。
(3)某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。
例如：·This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。
↑·This is the house where I lived two years ago.·Do you remember t he day on which you joined our club?还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?↑·Do you remember the day when you joined our club?(五)as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。
As一般放在句首，which在句中。
例如：·As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。
·The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。
【特别提示】 as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以做主语和宾语。
但不同之处主要有两点：a)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
b)as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中做主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。
三、翻译方法定语从语从句有以下五种翻译方法：前置法：这是定语从句的翻译中较常见的一种，即把定语从句的内容翻译成“…………的”，放在被修饰词的前面。
这种方法的使用有一个原则即是定语从句内容简短，翻译符合汉语表达习惯。
后置法：与前置法不同，后置法就是把定语从句的翻译放在被修饰词之后，这样做的目的在于使译文符合汉语的表达习惯。
在此，定语从句的后置翻译分为三类：由which引导定语从句时一般翻译为“这”;另一些引导词则在翻译时重复先行词，即被修饰词;还有一些引导词在翻译时可以省略不译。
融合法：在限制性定语从句中，由于定语从句与主句关系紧密，所以定语从句往往翻译成句子的谓语部分，主语即是定语从句的先行词。
这里讲的融合法即是将定语从句与主句融合为一个简单句的方法。
这种用法往往用在“there be”结构带有定语从句的句型中。
状译法：的定语从句中有一类在形式上是主句的定语从句，而其所起的作用却相当于主句的状语，修饰主句的谓语或者全句。
这种状语功能常常包括原因、结果、目的、条件、让步等，所以我们在翻译时需要弄清主句和定语从句之间的逻辑关系，从而是译文通顺合理，符合汉语表达习惯。
【真题例句】Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.【解析】句子可拆分为：Behaviorists suggest //that the child //who is raised in an environment //where there are many stimuli// which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses// will experience greater intellectual development.is raised是从属连词who从句的动词;are是where从句的动词;develop是which从句的动词;由于跟在从属连词后的动词不可能是主句的谓语动词，所以前面提到的三个动词全都不是主句的谓语动词。
这时，句子里还有两个动词：suggest和will experience;经过分析，will experience前有从属连词that，所以也只是从句的动词。
可以得出：本句的谓语动词是suggest。
本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...;that引导suggest 的宾语从句，动词是will experience;who引导修饰child的定语从句，动词为is raised;where引导修饰environment的定语从句，动词为are;which引导修饰stimuli的定语从句，动词为develop。
【英语复合句之定语从句】。