2014年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础考研真题

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北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试英语同声传译专业试题

北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语同声传译科目名称：英汉互译（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）一、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In the pre-modern era, political, economic, and social life was governed by a dense web of interlocking relationships inherited from the past and sanctified by religion. Limited personal freedom and material benefits existed alongside a mostly unquestioned social solidarity. Traditional local orders began to erode with the rise of capitalism in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as the increasing prevalence and dominance of market relationships broke down existing hierarchies. The shift produced economic and social dynamism, an increase in material benefits and personal freedoms, and a decrease in communal feeling. As this process continued, the first modern political ideology, classical liberalism, emerged to celebrate and justify it.Liberalism stressed the importance of the rule of law, limited government, and free commercial transactions. It highlighted the manifold rewards of moving to a world dominated by markets rather than traditional communities, a shift the economic historian Karl Polanyi would call “the great transformation.” But along with the gains came losses as well—of a sense of place, of social and psychological stability, of traditional bulwarks against life’s vicissitudes.Left to itself, capitalism produced long-term aggregate benefits along with great volatility and inequality. This combination resulted inwhat Polanyi called a “double movement,” a progressive expansion of both market society and reactions against it. (211）二、将下列短文译为汉语（50分）The European Union was established with a legal treaty and is founded on the principle of the rule of law. This concept centers on a set of rules governing all society's processes and interactions and being above all society's institutions and organizations. The rules or laws set the moral and ethical standards by which the behaviour of members of society and organizations are judged. For the rule of law and thereby civil society to flourish, it requires the citizens of a country to respect and trust legal processes, and the law to be applied in a consistent way to all. This gives people a feeling of inclusiveness and optimism about their future. The European Union's Governance for Equitable Development (GED) project, implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) from 2007 to 2012, has assisted China to benefit from knowledge of Europe’s developed legal system and civil society through technical exchange, research and knowledge sharing.As people’s incomes grow and materi al living standards rise, their expectations about the quality of life, participation in civil society, protection of property and individual rights increase. Meeting these expectations for a better life in a rapidly urbanizing society with a still significant rural population is one of the key challenges facing China today. This is where the GED project has supported China in moving to a more equitable, inclusive and vibrant civil society, based on the rule of law.The project has worked with three key Chinese agencies, the National Peoples’ Congress, the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Civil Affairs on topics ranging from law drafting and court efficiency to registration of civil society organizations. The project has produced remarkable results over five years, leading to an improved environment for civil society to flourish in China, increased citizen participation in law making, reduced barriers to seeking justice, increased transparency and efficiency of selected courts and progress in the consistency of court decisions. (321)三、将下列段落译为英语（25分）当今世界，和平、发展、合作是时代潮流更加强劲，但同时人类社会也面临着前所未有的挑战。

2014年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士英语考研真题,考研参考书,考研招生信息,答案解析

1/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

第二外国语大学（原题）翻译硕士英语一、完形填空（全文录入，题目省略）：During the first many decades of this nation’s existence,the United States was a wide-open,dynamic country with a rapidly expanding economy.It was also a country that tolerated a large amount of cruelty and pain —poor people living in misery,workers suffering from exploitation.Over the years,Americans decided they wanted a little more safety and security.This is what happens as nations grow wealthier;they use money to buy civilization.Occasionally,our ancestors found themselves in a sweet spot.They could pass legislation that brought security but without a cost to vitality.But adults know that this situation is rare.In the real world,there’s usually a trade-off.The unregulated market wants to direct capital to the productive and the young.Welfare policies usually direct resources to the vulnerable and the elderly.Most social welfare legislation,even successful legislation,siphons money from the former to the latter.Early in this health care reform process,many of us thought we were in that magical sweet spot.We could extend coverage to the uninsured but also improve the system overall to lower costs.2/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2That is,we thought it would be possible to reduce the suffering of the vulnerable while simultaneously squeezing money out of the wasteful system and freeing it up for more productive uses.That’s what the management gurus call a win-win.It hasn’t worked out that way.The bills before Congress would almost certainly ease the anxiety of the uninsured,those who watch with terror as their child or spouse grows ill,who face bankruptcy and ruin.And the bills would probably do it without damaging the care the rest of us receive.In every place where reforms have been tried —from Massachusetts to Switzerland —people come to cherish their new benefits.The new plans become politically untouchable.But,alas,there would be trade-offs.Instead of reducing costs,the bills in Congress would probably raise them.They would mean that more of the nation’s wealth would be siphoned off from productive uses and shifted into a still wasteful health care system.The authors of these bills have tried to foster efficiencies.The Senate bill would initiate several interesting experiments designed to make the system more effective —giving doctors incentives to collaborate,rewarding hospitals that provide quality care at lower cost.It’s possible that some of these experiments will bloom into potent systemic reforms.But the general view among independent health care economists is that these changes will not fundamentally bend the cost curve.The system after reform will look as it does today,only bigger and more expensive.Rather than pushing all of the new costs onto future generations,as past governments have done,the Democrats have admirably agreed to raise taxes.Over the next generation,the tax increases in the various bills could funnel trillions of dollars from the general economy into the medical system.Moreover,the current estimates almost certainly understate the share of the nation’s wealth that will have to be shifted.In these bills,the present Congress pledges that future Congresses will impose painful measures to cut Medicare payments and impose efficiencies.Future Congresses3/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3rarely live up to these pledges.Somebody screams “Rationing!”and there is a bipartisan rush to kill even the most tepid cost-saving measure.After all,if the current Congress,with pride of authorship,couldn’t reduce costs,why should we expect that future Congresses will?The bottom line is that we face a brutal choice.Reform would make us a more decent society,but also a less vibrant one.It would ease the anxiety of millions at the cost of future growth.It would heal a wound in the social fabric while piling another expensive and untouchable promise on top of the many such promises we’ve already made.America would be a less youthful,ragged and unforgiving nation,and a more middle-aged,civilized and sedate one.We all have to decide what we want at this moment in history,vitality or security.We can debate this or that provision,but where we come down will depend on that moral preference.Don’t get stupefied by technical details.This debate is about values.二、阅读理解，回答问题：Obama Loses a RoundWhile the jury is still out on what President Obama’s China visit has achieved for the long term,the president has most decidedly lost the war of symbolism in his first close encounter with China.In status-conscious China,symbolism and protocol play a role that is larger than life.U.S.diplomatic blunders could reinforce Beijing’s mindset that blatant information control works,and that a rising China can trump universal values of open,accountable government.During Mr.Obama’s visit,the Chinese outmaneuvered the Americans in all public events,from the disastrous town hall meeting in Shanghai to the stunted press conference in Beijing.In characteristic manner,the Chinese tried to shut out the public,while the U.S.unwittingly cooperated.The final image of President Obama in China that circulated around the world is telling:A lone man walking up the steep slope of the Great Wall.The picture is in stark contrast to those of other U.S.presidents who had their photographs taken at the Great Wall surrounded by flag-waving4/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 4children or admiring citizens.Maybe Mr.Obama wanted a quiet moment for himself before returning home.But a president’s first visit to the wall is a ritual that needs to be properly framed.Mr.Obama could have waited until the next visit,when he could bring the first lady and the children.Instead,he went ahead by himself to pay tribute to China’s ancient culture.In return,the Chinese offered nothing,no popular receptions,not even the companionship of a senior Chinese leader.The trouble for the U.S.started at the town hall meeting two days earlier —a more scripted event than those organized with students for earlier U.S.presidents.There was no real dialogue,as a programmed audience,most of them Communist League Youth members,asked coached questions.The Chinese also rejected the U.S.request for live national coverage and defaulted on a promise to live-stream the meeting at ,the online version of China’s state-owned news agency.Mr.Obama scored a point when he managed to address the issue of Internet freedom after the U.S.ambassador,Jon Huntsman,fielded him the question from a Chinese netizen submitted online.Meanwhile,Chinese officials garnered from the meeting generous quotes from Mr.Obama affirming China’s achievements and America’s expressions of good will,which were turned into glowing headlines for the Chinese media.In this round of the propaganda skirmish,the U.S.scored one point while China reaped a handful.Mr.Obama was similarly shut out from addressing the public in Beijing.At the Beijing press conference,President Hu Jintao and President Obama read prepared statements and would not take questions from reporters.“This was an historic meeting between the two leaders,and journalists should have had the opportunity to ask questions,to probe beyond the statements,”protested Scott McDonald,the president of China’s Foreign Correspondents Club,but to no avail.In a final dash to break through the information blockade,the Obama team offered an exclusive interview to Southern Weekend,China’s most feisty newspaper,based in Guangzhou.Once again,journalists’questions were programmed and the paper censored.In protest,the paper prominently displayed vast white spaces on the first and second page of the edition that carried the interview.Propaganda officials are investigating this act of defiance.5/11【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 5Only the Obama team knows for sure how they allowed themselves to be outmaneuvered.Unwittingly,the U.S.helped to produce a package of faux public events.Pundits argued that the visitors were not supposed to impose the “American way”on China and that America needs to respect Chinese practices.The argument is both patronizing and condescending.Increasingly,the Chinese public has been clamoring for greater official transparency and accountability,while the Chinese government has been making progress on these fronts.No one in his right mind would ask Mr.Obama to lecture Beijing on human rights.But the Chinese public deserves better accounting,no less than Americans citizens.To their credit,U.S.officials did try to get their message out online.But it was the Chinese bloggers who were most active in challenging official information control.They at least fought the good fight with growing confidence,a fight the Americans seem unable to wage effectively.三、写作。

2014年北外翻硕(笔译)考研真题,北外英语学院介绍,北外考研经验

北京外国语大学英语学院考研介绍一、英院导师介绍英语系陈辉陈兰芳陈亚平程静英戴宁董宜坤窦薇杜学增付美榕耿力平龚雁郭棲庆郭世英郭亚玲何其莘侯毅凌胡丹黄俊贾宁金莉金利民蓝纯李元李朝晖李建军李今朝李莉文李期铿李又文梁昊林岩刘波刘枫刘葵兰陆培敏马海良马丽媛梅仁毅潘志明邱枫邱瑾申昌英沈毅石同云宋颖宋云峰孙有中陶家俊滕继萌王文丽王小梅王小英王元陆王展鹏王镇平魏峥吴一安夏燕夏玉和谢韬谢登攀徐克容闫循华杨莉芳杨立民杨雪燕伊蕊易炎俞露张峰张剑张莲张春波张笑一张在新张中载赵冬钟美荪周炜周杜娟二、英院考研目录考研政治答题顺序及技巧在这最后的时间里，最重要的已经不再是你备考到深夜几点，而是一定要保持“头脑清醒、情绪平稳”，最后的一周，最好不要再熬夜复习了，而是要随着考试的时间把自己的生物钟调整好，保持平稳的心态，以利于在考试答题时达到最佳的精神状态。

同时，在考场上，除了将平时自己掌握的知识内容进行充分发挥外，答题过程中的一些小技巧也是不容忽视的，掌握了这些技巧，在加上平时的知识积累，可以让我们的最后的考试成绩达到推波助澜的作用。

考研辅导老师根据多年辅导经历，为大家总结了以下考场经验，供广大考生参考，希望对大家能起到指导作用。

一、答题顺序，掌握“按序做题、先易后难”的原则考研政治一共是三十八题，这三十八题的排列顺序基本上由易到难，分数也是由低分到高分：单项选择题每题1分，这部分考查的大多是记忆的内容；第二部分多项选择题每题2分，除了记忆的知识点，这部分还考查考生理解的能力；最后的分析题是10分每题，也是相对最难的一部分，可以说这部分是记忆、理解和应用能力的综合考查。

一般同学刚刚开始答题的时候进入不了高潮，没有到达“兴奋点”，因此要先做简单的，这三个题型中最简单的就是单项选择题，随着答题时间的推移，就会慢慢进入兴奋点，所以最好是按照题目本身的顺序来做。

但在这里也要说明，由于每个人的情况不同，所以考生也要依据个人的水平，总之就是先做自己有把握的试题。

2014年北京外国语大学德语,法语,俄语,英语翻译硕士考研参考书目,招生人数,复试分数线,考研真题15

育明教育—中国考研专业课第一品牌——北京外国语大学俄语&法语&德语&英语翻译硕士最权威的考研辅导机构2013年育明教育翻译硕士考研辅导喜报·北外翻译硕士百科知识96%命中，作文命中·北航百科知识命中88% ·广外百科知识命中80%·对外经贸大学百科知识命中92%，词条翻译命中80%·北二外词条及文章翻译命中80%，百科知识100%命中·四川外国语大学词条及文章翻译命中78%,百科命中100%·首师大百科知识命中68%，作文命中·外交学院百科与写作，命中78%·北京大学百科与写作命中88%，翻译命中60% 。

梁老师赠言：生命在于奋斗，拼搏就是希望；失败只有一种，那就是放弃努力！育明教育金牌咨询师梁老师建议广大考生，翻译硕士作为专业型硕士从2009年开始招生至今，由于专业型硕士与传统的学术型硕士相比题目要简单些，招生人数更多，此外由于翻译硕士的含金量非常高，所以现在呈现出越来越热门的趋势。

全国绝大部分高校翻译硕士都不出售真题以及指定参考书目。

但是翻译硕士由教育部规定统一的考试题型和考试范围，所以各个高校的翻硕真题题型相似，因此各个高校的翻硕真题对于大家复习就显得非常重要，都很有必要做一做。

通过我对全国高校翻译硕士招生人数以及真题的研究，中国矿业大学（北京）、北京理工大学、北京航空航天大学、北京第二外国语学院、首都师范大学、对外经贸大学、北京科技大学的翻译硕士比较好考，以上学校特别适合跨地区或跨专业或跨学校的翻译硕士考研学员选择。

如果有什么疑问可以通过梁老师的咨询QQ以及咨询热线和我联系，我可以根据各位考生的具体情况给你更加有针对性的咨询解疑。

北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识精编笔记15德国古典哲学自18世纪末的康德哲学起，近代哲学进入了它的晚期。

18世纪末法国大革命时代的历史辩证法和18世纪末到19世纪上半叶自然科学的成就，促使西方近代哲学发展到了自己的最高阶段。

高译教育-北京大学考研真题-英语翻译基础真题2014

2014年北京大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆版英语翻译基础注意事项：1．本试卷共2道大题（共计32个小题），满分150分；2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。

要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。

I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30 scores; 30 minutes)1，房地产市场2，侨务政策3，办实事4，秉公办事5，分包商6，北京通7，从善如流8，留后劲9，常青藤名校10，有线电视11，跑调12，假唱13，选修课14，学术不端行为15，王室效应1.Futurology2.Backboard3.Broad jump4.Virus buster5.Clone6.Good Friday7.Penalty Kick8.DINK9.Cannes Film Festival10.Trench coat11.High fashion12.Diaper diplomacy13.Magical/magic realism14.Security hole15.Black boxII. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. (120 scores; 120 minutes)Text1The accident's power over him was diminishing, he said, as his ventilator sucked and hissed. He no longer snapped awake in the quiet hours, forced to confront, all over again, the fact that he had no sensation from the neck down. He didn't need to turn away when he was driven past the barn where he kept Buck, the thoroughbred horse from which he had been thrown in 1995, breaking his neck. But learning to live with his paralysis wasn't the same as resigning himself to it. "I've still never had a dream that I'm disabled," he said. "Never." He had vowed, controversially, to walk again by the age of 50. At the time, that deadline was three weeks away.Walking by 50 had only ever been a hope, not a prediction, Reeve insisted. But what made the news of his death so acutely disorienting was the fact that, on some level, so many of us thought that, eventually - albeit a few years behind schedule - he might actually do it. Of course, he had always stressed that ordinary disabled people were the real superheroes in response to the inevitable movie-themed questions. But for the rest of us, the personal narrative was too seductive to resist: Superman, brought down to earth, ultimately triumphs again through sheer force of will.Text2更需要我们警惕的是，在“美女经济”这条产业链上，我们的商家有没有为了疯狂逐利，而突破了职业规范和道德底线？我们的媒体有没有蜂拥而上炒作渲染，而忽视了本该有的理性审视和引导？我们的相关部门有没有睁只眼闭只眼，而遗漏了本该有的监管和责任？由此带来的对我们的文化观念和价值观念的侵蚀则是更明显的：“美女经济”的“繁荣”，势必诱导社会公众重美貌而轻视能力的趋势,诱导一些人更加看重走捷径而轻视脚踏实地的奋斗，还会诱导一些企业看重大张旗鼓的宣传推广而轻视产品质量的精益求精，大大看重经济效益而轻视社会效益。

2014年北京外国语大学611英语能力测试考研真题,参考书,考研经验

北京外国语大学考研育明教育孙老师整理，更多信息可以咨询育明教育孙老师。

（1）一般而言，每篇阅读理解只讲一个主题，阅读时应通过段落主题句把握中心。

（2）考研文章的两类体裁：议论文，重点是作者的观点和态度。

说明文，重点是作者的态度，说明对象及其特点。

（3）阅读时看清文章是由几个自然段构成的，同时还要给文章分段，便于更好的回文章定位。

（4）阅读的重点位置时文章的首段、其余各段的段首段尾句、转折处、条件关系处、因果关系处，快速读过的信息是举例子的内容、引用的内容、类比的内容、具体数字以及冒号后面补充说明的部分。

（5）每个选项都应力争回文中定位，全部题目都能做到正确答案在原文中对应的位置，判断出出题的方式以及错误答案的特征。

（6）文章固定模式：A花开两朵，各表一枝模式：在文章开始提出两个核心概念，随后分段叙述。

关键：两个概念的定义以及他们的区别和联系。

B问题答案型模式：在第一段中出现一个问题，在随后各段提出该问题的答案。

关键：把握其中心往往就是该问题最直接最主要的答案。

C时文特点：耸人听闻，吸引眼球；貌似客观，内涵态度；抛砖引玉，一起争论阅读时文时，把握时文的中心出现在手段的末句，或者二段的首句。

D独句段出现一个句子单独成段，特别是其出现在文章开始或者结尾，一般其表达的是文章的中心思想。

若位于文章中间部分一般是承上启下的作用。

E开门见山文章的写作特点是：直接给出观点，摆出事实论据，进行推理论证，每段都紧扣文章的主题。

F启承传合阅读时要抓住论点，区分论点合论据的关系，因为题目设计往往围绕论点进行，并要注意把握文章首尾的前后呼应关系。

G平铺直叙事实合观点交叉出现，在字里行间达到阐明观点的目的，需要大家综合各段内容，通过分析和归纳判断。

H层层递进一篇文章的整体，或者几个段落论述的问题，由从抽象到具体，从初级到高级，从简单到复杂的过程，且各段从开始都出现递进词，阅读时注意把握这种文章的中心，或几段的核心。

观点必然出现在层层递进各段的最后一段。

2014年北外英语翻译基础考研真题,考研参考书,考研大纲,考研经验

1/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

北京外国语大学（原题）汉语写作和百科知识一、词语解释：鲧弗洛伊德地球日地球村川端康成的三部代表作三一律杜甫的三吏金文欧盟佛教四大名山中国四大发明四大文明古国两河流域古希腊三大悲剧诗人2/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2明清之际三大思想家二、应用文：考察的是广告说明文写作。

选择自己最熟悉的一件商品，以商家身份对其进行介绍。

三、作文题目：以“每天的太阳都是新的”为题，结合变化，从个人和社会角度进行分析。

不少于800字。

提高暑假复习效率的三个万能定律一、鲶鱼效应：一个"竞争"的复习环境很久以前，挪威人从深海捕捞的沙丁鱼，总是还没到达海岸都已经口吐白沫。

然而，有一3/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：3条渔船却总能带着活鱼上岸。

这是为什么呢？后来，人们才发现原来那条渔船在沙丁鱼槽里放进了鲶鱼。

鲶鱼是沙丁鱼的天敌，鲶鱼不断地追逐沙丁鱼，沙丁鱼拼命游动，激发了其内部的活力，从而活了下来。

这就是"鲶鱼效应"。

"鲶鱼效应"告诉我们：竞争可以激发人们内在的活力。

对于考研的人来说，一个人闷头复习，经常会出现疲倦、无聊等反应。

而这对于复习来说，都是致命的大敌，将会严重影响复习的效率。

那么如果刺激自己，激活自己的内在活力呢？让我们在复习当中引进一条"鲶鱼"吧。

我们复习时，可以找一个复习伙伴。

当然，这个伙伴最好是学习比较努力、学习成绩和自己差不多或者比自己略好的人。

2014年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年北京外国语大学357英语翻译基础真题及详解I. Translate the following terms into Chinese (15 points, 1 point each):1. UNDP【答案】联合国开发计划署（United Nations Development Programme）2. OECD countries【答案】经济合作与发展组织（Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development）成员国3. bailout loans【答案】紧急援助贷款；救济融资；拯救性贷款4. EBITA【答案】息税摊销前利润（Earnings before Interest, T axes and Amortization）5. venture capital【答案】风险投资；风险资本6. telepresence【答案】思科网真；远程监控；远端临场；远程呈现7. carbon footprint【答案】碳足迹；碳排放量8. forensic medicine【答案】法医学9. key encryption technology 【答案】密钥加密技术10. United Arab Emirates 【答案】阿拉伯联合酋长国11. extradition treaty【答案】引渡条约12. seismic monitoring【答案】地震监测13. procrastination【答案】拖延（症）14. flip phone【答案】翻盖式移动电话15. Mack Daddy【答案】万人迷II. Translate the following terms into English (15 points; 1 point each): 1. 大部制【答案】Giant department; Super-Ministry System2. 石油输出国组织【答案】Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)3. 生物圈【答案】biosphere; ecosphere4. 涨停板【答案】raising limit5. 浮动汇率【答案】floating exchange rate6. 计划免疫【答案】planned immunity; planned immunization7. 学生减负【答案】to reduce study load; alleviate the burden on students8. 通识教育【答案】liberal education; general education9. B超【答案】B-mode ultrasonography; B-ultrasound10. 自媒体【答案】we-media; self-media11. 土地承载能力【答案】land carrying capacity; land bearing capacity12. 小产权房【答案】limited property house; houses with limited property rights13. 土豪【答案】Tu-hao; upstart; local tyrant14. 胶原蛋白【答案】collagen15. 经济适用男【答案】budget husband; economical and applicable manIII. Translate the following terms into English (15 points; 1 point each):1. Never before had the world such a tremendous scientific-technical potential, such a capacity to generate wealth and well-being. Authentic technological wonders that have made any place in the world to be always close with regard to distances and communications have not been capable of bringing well-being for everybody, but only for a meager 15% living in the countries of the North. The abysm between North and South is now so huge, that the unsustainability of the current economic order and the blindness of the people who try to justify continuing to enjoy opulence and waste, are evident.The great possibilities that a globalization of solidarity and true cooperation could bring to all people in the world through the scientific-technical wonders, have been reduced by the neo-liberal model to this grotesque caricature full of exploitation and social injustice. We were asked to be ultraliberal in trade and to lift any barrier, which may obstruct the imports coming from the North, but the oral champions of free trade actually are the champions in the praxis of protectionism.The North spends one billion dollars a day in practicing what has been banned from doing, that is, subsidizing inefficient products. Today, vis-a-vis the obvious failure of neoliberalism and the great threat that the International Economic Order represents for the South, it is necessary to retake the Spirit of the South by forming an alliance among ourselves.【参考译文】世界从未像现在这样具有如此惊人的科技潜力和创造财富与幸福的能力。

2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科历年考研真题解析考研参考书

北京外国语大学2014年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：翻译硕士科目名称：汉语写作与百科知识(考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）一百科知识：解释出现在下列短文中划线的名词。

共25个名词，每个名词2分，共50分。

1.五行是中国古代的一种物质观，认为大自然由五种要素所构成，随着这五个要素的盛衰，而使得大自然产生变化，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。

它强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。

2.李时珍在继承和总结以前本草学成就的基础上,结合自己长期学习、采访所积累的丰富的药学知识，经过实践和钻研，历时数十年编成这部巨著。

书中考证了过去本草学中的若千错误，综合了大量科学资料，提出了较科学的药物分类方法，融入了先进的生物进化思想，并反映了丰富的临床实践。

’3.对元白的评价，历来有抑有扬。

抑之者始自杜牧，指元白诗为“淫言媒语”、“纤艳不逞”（《唐故平卢军节度巡官陇西李府君墓志铭》)。

扬之者始自张为，列白为“广大教化主”，元为“入室”（《诗人主客图》）。

其后，明代王世贞、王世懋、清代王夫之、王士稹均贬抑元白。

宋代叶梦得、明代贺贻孙、清代尤侗、翁方纲则褒扬元白。

4.《汉书》尤以史料丰富、闻见博洽著称，“整齐一代之书，文赡事详，要非后世史官所能及”。

《汉书》在史学史上有重要的价值和地位。

《汉书》的语言庄严工整，多用排偶、古字古词，遣辞造句典雅远奥，与《史记》平畅的口语化文字形成了鲜明对照。

5.唐朝建立后，《水经注》成为国家藏书,《旧唐书•经籍志》与《新唐书•艺文志》均著录为四十卷。

唐后经五代至北宋初，《水经注》的钞本仍为足本，被作为历代国家藏书代代相传。

6.伊斯兰教是世界三大宗教之一，伊斯兰教世界的国家遍布亚、非两个大洲，总体算来也有大约五十个。

此外，在各大洲很多国家里都有信仰伊斯兰教的人民。

这些国家包括诸如英、美、俄、法、德等一些西方国家。

7.中国的造纸技术也传播到了中亚一些国家，并从此通过贸易传播到印度。

2014年北京外国语大学英语学院812英汉互译(笔译)真题及详解【圣才出品】

2014年北京外国语大学英语学院812英汉互译（笔译）真题及详解I. Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the answer sheet. (50 points)If you’ve been attentive to the growing series of posts here under the banner of the American Futures project, you know that Deb and Jim Fallows have been examining small, resilient American cities that are home to intriguing innovations and entrepreneurship. A few days ago, as part of the project’s recent focus on Burlington, Vermont, I took a look at two of the three great colleges there. Now let’s look in on the third, Champlain College. You’ll see why this one fits the project’s ongoing “American ingenuity” theme.If you could design your ideal college from scratch, what would it look like? Mine would look something like the following. Students would acquire training that makes them immediately employable. They’d take courses in the liberal arts that would sharpen their skills in writing, analysis, and reasoning. And they’d graduate with some real-li fe knowledge, such as how to interview for a job. There’d be no tenure for faculty, but instructors would be made to feel they’re valued members of the enterprise. And administrators would constantly ask themselves “how can we prepare students for what the world needs of them?”While you’re busy designing your version of the ideal, I can take a nap or go fishing, because somebody has already built mine: Champlain College. It is doing everything I’ve described and, in the process, is gaining the attention of thehigher world. The words I’ve heard used to describe Champlain include innovative, nimble, adaptable. A professor from nearby St. Michael’s College told me, with unabashed admiration, “Champlain is always asking itself ‘What works’?”Founded in 1878 and long known as the Burlington Business College, Champlain assumed its current name in 1958, when it had only 60 students in various associate’s degree programs. Starting bachelor’s degree programs in 1991, the college now enrolls 2000 undergraduates—an enrollment cap it committed to several years ago in an agreement with the student-rich city of Burlington. When it launched its bachelor’s programs, this college long known for training secretaries and accountants, began to reinvent itself, earning respect for its enterprising spirit.The dominant ethos of Champlain—that “what works?” mentality—intensified when David Finney arrived from NYU in 2005 to become president. Finney quickly instituted what he calls a “three-dimensional education” program, an undergraduate curriculum consi sting of interdisciplinary liberal-arts courses, a life-skills program, and training for a career.Believing that “American higher education has really lost its way with general-education courses,” Finney told me that when he arrived in his new job, he dec ided to spend all of his “honeymoon capital” as new president to replace the “hodge-podge of courses” that formed the liberal-arts core. He assembled a faculty task force to design a revised core aiming to build habits of mind students will need “not just as they’re leaving here,” Finney says, “but over theirlifetime.”A painstaking process of reinvention led to new core courses designed to help students develop global awareness and strengthen their analytical and reasoning abilities, critical reading skills, and writing proficiency. These courses have no tests. The work is heavily oriented toward writing. Classes consist mainly of discussion and project teamwork rather than lectures. Students and faculty are active learners together.A second component of Champlain’s undergraduate education comes through its required “Life Experience and Action Dimension” program, which has two parts: (1) some real-world education, emphasizing financial literacy and sophistication (developing a budget, making sense of credit cards, understanding how employee benefits work and why they’re important, etc.) and job skills (marketing oneself, negotiating business contracts, and developing skills in interviewing, networking, etc.); and (2) a community-service element that puts st udents to work helping Burlington’s needy and simultaneously broadening cultural awareness and a sense of engaged citizenship. (from “What Would an Ideal College Look Like? A Lot Like This”)【参考译文】如果你一直在关注以“美国未来”计划为旗号的一系列跟帖，你应该会知道，得布和吉姆·法洛斯正在美国寻找适应力强的小城市，它们要能够孕育有趣的创新发明。

2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题,真题解析,考研参考书,考研经验,考研笔记、参考书

初试注意五大要点：
1，要有一个安静的环境。不论在学校还是自己的家里什么的，要尽量给自己一个安静的环境。就这么一次尝试，要珍惜这次机会。 2，心态要宁静。谈恋爱的，互相鼓励最好，生气闹别扭要不得。一气好几天都浪费过去了。和同学老师家长都要和和气气的。一来考研就是你自己的事情，对别人不是什么天大的事情，别要求大家都那么担待你。二来自己也要清楚，考研的事情，心浮气躁无益于事，你急不急，它都在那里，每天都收获知识就行，别把自己所学的都暗暗换算成分数。 3，学习中回顾复习的功课要做到家。这可以说是最重要的一条啦。我们做过多少笔记，曾经有接触过多少新的知识，但是很多重要的东西因为我们不去时常翻阅被遗忘了。复习不浪费时间，是在为我们争取时间。涉猎众多，最后留下的才是自己的啊。大家都明白的。所以克服我们那种奇怪的心理，回头去看看自己以前的笔记吧。 4，在北方，考研学习的最好时间就是初夏啦，4、5、6 月，天气不冷不热的，教室里的温度刚刚好，最适合刻苦学习，所以一定要珍惜这段时间。到了冬天供暖未来之前，天气那么冷，大家去教室学习的一定要穿厚点。不要怕丑，都要往厚里穿才行。 5，最后再说说初试以前用不用看文学的书。我的意见是要看的。以我个人为例，5、6、7、8 月份我基本就是看了看文学和法语。英美的小说，中文的英文的能找到买到的我都看了一遍，有的喜欢的就老是看。英美诗歌就放在床边翻看。这就是为了自己别对文学太生疏，也是调剂下心情。
英语翻译基础考研大纲
一．考试目的
《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入 MTI 学习阶段的水平。
二、考试性质及范围：本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范

考研英语一2014年text1唐迟

唐迟是一位我国著名的语言学家和翻译家，他曾任教于北京外国语大学，专注于汉英翻译领域。

2014年考研英语一的text1就是以唐迟的一篇文章作为阅读材料，文章主要讲述了唐迟在著名翻译著作《汉英翻译教程》中对翻译的看法和理念。

文章以唐迟在《汉英翻译教程》中提出的翻译理念为主线，通过对唐迟的观点和论述进行解读和分析，旨在帮助考生更好地理解和掌握翻译理论和技巧。

以下将从几个方面对该文章进行分析和解读。

1.翻译的本质唐迟认为，翻译不仅仅是简单的语言转换，更是一种文化的传递和交流。

在他看来，翻译是一种“跨文化传播”活动，需要翻译者具备良好的语言能力和深厚的文化素养。

他强调翻译是一门综合性学科，需要全面发挥翻译者的语言、文化、逻辑和感知能力。

2.翻译的技巧唐迟在其著作中提到了许多翻译的技巧和方法，例如“意译”、“音译”、“转译”等，以及“信”、“达”、“美”、“俭”等四条翻译原则。

他倡导翻译要做到信、达两全，既忠实于原文，又通顺易懂。

他还强调了在翻译过程中要注意语言的自然流畅和美感，避免生硬和生僻的译文。

3.翻译的挑战唐迟指出，翻译是一项极具挑战性的工作，翻译者需要在保持原意的基础上，尽量做到语言的优美和流畅。

他认为，翻译者需要具备高度的责任感和敬业精神，不断提高自身的语言水平和文化修养，以应对日益复杂的翻译任务。

4.翻译的未来在文章的结尾，唐迟展望了翻译的未来发展方向。

他认为随着全球化的深入发展，翻译将会变得越来越重要，翻译行业也将迎来更广阔的发展空间。

他呼吁翻译者要不断学习和进步，紧跟时代的步伐，不断提高自身的翻译水平和专业素养。

在文章中，唐迟的观点和见解都得到了充分的阐释和论证，对于理解翻译的本质和技巧有着十分重要的意义。

通过对其翻译理念的学习和理解，有助于提高考生的翻译能力，为考研英语一的备考打下扎实的基础。

2014年考研英语一text1所选的唐迟文章，通过对翻译理论和实践的深入探讨，使读者对翻译有了更加深刻的认识和理解。

《英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题详解-第1章《英语翻译基础》考试指导【圣才出品】

第1章《英语翻译基础》考试指导全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试总共有四门考试科目：《政治理论》，总分100分；《翻译硕士英语》，总分100分；《英语翻译基础》总分150分；《汉语写作和百科知识》，总分150分。

《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，重点考察考生的英汉互译专业技能和潜质。

本章通过对《英语翻译基础》考试大纲的解读以及对《英语翻译基础》试题的分析，引导考生了解宏观备考方向，并为考生提供具体可行的备考方法，使考生成功迈出《英语翻译基础》备考之旅的第一步。

1.1 《英语翻译基础》大纲解读全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会根据《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》以及培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才的教育目标，制定了全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲，其中，《英语翻译基础》考试大纲具体内容如下：一、考试目的《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MIT学习阶段的水平。

二、考试性质及范围本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。

考试的范围包括MTI 考生入学应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英汉两种语言转换的基本技能。

三、考试基本要求1．具备一定中外文化，以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

2．具备扎实的英汉两种语言的基本功。

3．具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。

四、考试形式本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法，强调考生的英汉/汉英转换能力。

试题分类参见“考试内容一览表”。

五、考试内容：本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和英汉互译。

总分150分。

I．词语翻译1．考试要求要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。

2．题型要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。

汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。

北鼎教育-北京外国语大学2014考研真题英语基础测试（技能）2014真题模拟题..

北京外国语大学研究生入学考试试题基础英语测试（技能）第三套模拟题Part I GRAMMAR(30Points)A、Correct ErrorsThe passage contains ten errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum of one error.In each case,only ONE word is involved.You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word,underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word,mark the position of the missing word with a∧and write the word which you believe is missing in the blank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word,cross the unnecessary word with a slash／and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk____1____ pregnancies,according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking____2____ University.The report indicates that5.6million infant deaths and2,000,000maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children____3____within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their____4____ families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the9.8million infant and370.000maternaldeaths in developing countries,excluded China,estimated for this year by____5____the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably.China was excluded because very few births occur in the high____6____risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of____7____maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of____8_____ pregnancy;pregnancies before the mother is18year old;those after the____9____mother is35years old;pregnancies after four births;and those lesser than____10____two years apart.PartⅡReading Comprehension(60Points)A．Multiple ChoicesPASSAGE1Five years after California started cracking down on junk food in school cafeterias,a new report shows that high school students there consume fewer calories and less fat and sugar at school than students in other states.The findings suggest that state policies can be successful to some extent in influencing the eating habits of teenagers.The study found that California high school students consumed on average nearly160calories fewer per day than students in other states,the equivalent of cutting out a small bag of potato chips.That difference came largely from reduced calorie consumption atschool,and there was no evidence that students were compensating for their limited access to junk food at school by eating more at home.While a hundred calories here or there may not sound like much,childhood obesity rates have more than tripled in the United States in the last four decades,and many researchers say that most children and adolescents could avoid signiﬁcant long-term weight gain by cutting out just 100to200extra calories a day.“I would deﬁnitely say that158calories is signiﬁcant,”said Daniel R.Taber,an author of the study and a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Illinois at Chicago.“When you combine this study with other studies on California law,the body of evidence suggests the schools in California really have made healthier changes by getting rid of things like sweets and candy bars.”California is one of several states that have sought to reduce childhood obesity by targeting junk food in schools.A decade ago it became theﬁrst state to ban the sale of soft drinks in grade schools,and it later enacted a similar ban in high schools.Since2007,the state has also enforced nutrition standards for“competitive foods”in schools,the snacks and foods that are not included in meal plans but that students can get on school grounds—from vending machines,for example.California law limits the amount of fat,sugar and calories that can be found in these foods.To study the effect of this policy,the researchers examined data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on the eating habits of high school students in California,comparing it with data on students from14states that did not have nutrition standards for vending machine snacks and other foods sold outside of school lunches and other meal plans.Over all,680students were included in the study,which wasﬁnanced by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and published in Archives of Pediatrics&Adolescent Medicine.California students had the lowest daily intake of calories,fat and,especially,added sugars.And it seemed clear that their eating behaviors at school played a large role.California students got a lower proportion of their daily calories from school foods than students in other states:about21.5percent,compared with28.4percent among students elsewhere.The reductions in fat,sugar and calorie consumption among Hispanic students“are particularly encouraging given the high prevalence of youth obesity among Hispanic individuals in California and the United States over all,”the authors wrote.“It is also encouraging in light of research that documented the high presence of convenience stores,mobile food vendors and other food outlets surrounding schools in Hispanic communities.”Still,California’s students had not suddenly become health nuts.They were still eating junk food—just slightly less of it than their peers in other states.And their vitamin and mineral intake was similar to that of students in other parts of the country.“Students may not be buying as many candy bars at school,but that doesn’t mean that they’re necessarily eating salads instead,”Dr.Taber said,noting that schools still offer items like baked chips and desserts that comply with the regulations but offer little in the way of nutrition.He said that schools could take an additional step by replacing some of the junk food being ﬁltered out with healthy options like fruits,vegetables and whole grains.Iowa,for example,began requiring in2010that at least half of the foods available outside meal plans contain whole grains. Other than that,no state has laws that require whole,unprocessed or fresh foods to be available outside of school lunches for high school students.School initiatives could also focus on students’eating behaviors at home,Dr.Taber said.“Wehave to recognize that school-based laws have a limited scope because students only consume about25percent of their calories at school,”he said.“No one sector or environment is going to be the magical cure.Obesity is a very complex problem with many answers,so we really need to target different aspects of students’environments.”1.The reason why California has banned school junk food is______.A.that high school students have been spending too much money on itB.that other states have banned itC.that childhood obesity has become more and more seriousD.that the state wants to raise its public image2.Which is TRUE about California according to the passage?A.California is the only state that cares about childhood obesity in the United States.B.California began the ban with forbidding the sale of drinks in high schools.C.No snacks can be found in Californian schools.D.Nutrition standards for those foods in vending machine snacks have been enforced in Californian schools.3.Concerning food outlets,______is not mentioned in the passage.A.online shopsB.vending machinesC.convenience storesD.mobile food vendors4.By“health nuts”,the writer means______.A.foods that are healthyB.people who are healthyC.people who are enthusiastic about healthD.foods such as nuts5.Dr.Taber believes that obesity problem______.A.can be solved by school-based lawsB.is too complex to deal withC.is a long way to goD.results from students’bad eating habitsPASSAGE2In some countries where racial prejudice is acute,violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences,that it is not even questioned.There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force;there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging.Important people on both sides,who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men,get up and calmly argue in favor of violence–as if it were a legitimate solution,like any other.What is really frightening,what really fills you with despair,is the realization that when it comes to the crunch,we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint,but our instincts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race,that tedious documentation of violence,has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror,the bloodshed,the suffering mean nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herderto get a hearing.They are despised,mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use,if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos,at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all,we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake.In a well-directed effort,it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme.The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutions are everywhere apparent in the world around us.Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible,providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races,we must appreciate each other's problems.And to do this,we must learn about them:it is a simple exercise in communication,in exchanging information.“Talk,talk,talk,”the advocates of violence say,“all you ever do is talk,and we are none the wiser.”It's rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge.After listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk,he was none the wiser.“Possible,my lord,”the barrister replied,“none the wiser,but surely far better informed.”Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom:the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.Questions1.What is the best title for this passage?[A]Advocating Violence.[B]Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.[C]Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.[D]The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2.Recorded history has taught us[A]violence never solves anything.[B]nothing.[C]the bloodshed means nothing.[D]everything.3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men[A]can't get a hearing.[B]are looked down upon.[C]are persecuted.[D]Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4.“He was none the wiser”means[A]he was not at all wise in listening.[B]He was not at all wiser than nothing before.[C]He gains nothing after listening.[D]He makes no sense of the argument.5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is[A]law enforcement.[B]knowledge.[C]nonviolence.[D]Mopping up the violent mess.B．True Or FalseRead the following passage carefully and then decide whether the statements which follow are T or F.Intellectual property in ChinaSomething strange is happening in China.For decades American politicians and businessmen have made it a ritual to bash China over theft of intellectual property(IP).But now Gary Locke, America’s ambassador to China,has proclaimed that“for every foreign company calling for stronger IP protection,there are really more Chinese companies calling for the same。

2014年北京语言大学翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书,考研.

1/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。

北京语言大学（回忆）翻译硕士英语一、单选20个二、阅读4篇前两篇各有5个选择题后两篇是根据文章回答问题，共5个问题三、写作题目方向是“What qualities should a competent person possess？”英语翻译基础一、词语翻译：BP EU WHO WWF2/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2DNAMalthusian theory DPRK FIFAGoldman Sachs 南水北调拳头产品经济适用房红色旅游区孟子穆斯林入乡随俗破釜沉舟水浒二、英译汉：是关于环境会议讨论的文章，呼吁发达国家应当对不发达国家与岛国承担起更多责任而不是推卸责任。

三、汉译英：关于世博会的文章，世博会是一次空前的盛会。

介绍鳞次栉比风格独特的世博建筑和眼花缭乱的各国展品，包括希腊的雅典娜雕塑，春秋战国时期的铜车马和法国绘画大师的杰作。

汉语写作与百科知识一、名词解释：科学发展观3/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 3十二五通货膨胀宏观经济阿姆斯特丹斯宾诺莎犹太教自然权利秦观七夕节轴心时代纵横家二、应用文：写一篇450字的邀请函，邀请各界专家学者来北京XX 大学参加美国诗人XX 的研讨会，安排住在大学招待所，交通住宿费用自负，联系张XX，欢迎各界专家学者光临。

三、大作文：《孟子离娄下》中的《齐人有一妻一妾》，写一篇800字的记叙文或者议论文。

原文：齐人有一妻一妾而处室（1）者，其良人（2）出，则必餍（3）酒肉而后反（4）。

2014年北京外国语大学英语翻译基础考研真题

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《英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题详解-第1章 《英语翻译基础》考试指导【圣才出品】

北鼎教育-北京外国语大学2014考研真题英语基础测试（技能）2014真题模拟题..

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《英语翻译基础》考研真题与典型题详解-第1章《英语翻译基础》考试指导【圣才出品】