英译汉否定句的英译课件

她觉得她再也不能忍受她丈夫的侮辱。 She doesn’t feel that she can stand her husband’s insult any longer. 我们相信他们是不会反对你的建议的。 I don’t believe that they will oppose your proposal.
汉语否定谓语，英译时否定主语
物质必须运动，否则就没有做功。 Matter must move, or no work is done. 如果没有太阳，什么都不能生存。 Without the sun, nothing could live.
这里周围，无论是苍蝇还是蚊子，一只也找不 到。 Not a fly nor a mosquito was found around here. 在这些电路中没有发现任何缺陷。 No defects have been found in these circuits.
Gases cannot be quickly compressed without generating heat. 气体迅速压缩就一定会产生热量。
The flowing of electricity through a wire is not unlike that of water through a pipe. 电流通过导线就像水流过管子一样。
含否定意义的动词
动词(词组) : 英语中有不少动词或动词词组, 形式 肯定,却暗含否定概念, 所以汉译时用反译法译成 否定句。常见的有: fail, forbid, forget, deny, hesitate, lack, wonder, miss, lose, neglect, ignore, escape, resist, decline, doubt, reject, deprive, refrain, free/keep/save/protect/prevent/stop/ persuade ⋯ from
这头大象不像一堵墙，不像长矛，不像 蛇，不像树也不像扇子。 The elephant isn’t like a wall or a spear, or a snake, or a tree, neither is he like a fan.
解放前，他是个赶大车的，连自己的生活 都难以维持，更不用说养家了。 Before liberation he was a cart-driver who could hardly keep body and soul together, let alone support his family.
谓语否定转移至状语否定 中国在任何时间和任何情况下都不会首先使用 核武器。 At no time and under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
状语否定转移至谓语 有时孩子们下棋并不全是为了娱乐。 Sometimes the children don’t play chess for amusement. 在含目的状语的否定句中，有时not 并不否 定其后的动词，而是否定句中的目的状 语。
这项任务根本不容易 The task was anything but easy.
4) 主语+ be+ the last+ 名词+ 不定式/定语从句 此结构是一种强有力的否定方式, 意思为“决 不至于⋯⋯, 最不(可能) ⋯⋯的”。 我怎么也没料到会在这地方见到你。 This is the last place where I expected to meet you.
那时，我们连电脑都没有，更不用说电子邮件 和因特网了。 At that time we didn’t have computers, to say nothing of e-mail and internet.
双重否定句
巧妇难为无米之炊。 You can’t make something out of nothing. 我们学校几乎没有学生不会说英语。 Few students in our college cannot speak English.
并不是每个人都会喜欢它。 Everybody wouldn’t like it= Not everybody would like it 并非每种疾病都用同样的方法治疗。 Every disease is not cured in the same way.
并非两个建议都被委员会所采纳。 Not both suggestions are accepted by the committee. 不是所有关于她的情况我都知道。 I don’t know everything about her.
对于会议的结果, 我们是有准备的。 We are not unprepared for the outcome of the conference. 必要时我们定会帮助你。 We shall not fail to help you when necessary.
汉语肯定形式译成英语否定形式
这些细菌要再温度达到一百摄氏度时才会死 亡。 These bacteria will not die until the temperature reaches 100℃. 所有机器在运转时都要损失能量。 There is no machine but will lose energy when in motion.
5)在“否定词十but”的结构中, but 当作关系代 词用, 相当于“which/who/that… not⋯”, 具有 否定含义, 也构成双重否定句。
差小多每个星期她都要给父母信。 Scarcely a week passes but she writes to her parents.
6) nothing (nobody, now here, none) ⋯ so ⋯but⋯无论⋯⋯只要⋯⋯就(便) ⋯⋯; 无论多么困难的事, 只要实践便会变得容 易。 There is no thing so difficult but it becomes easy by practice.
2) more than+ 含有can 的从句这种结构表面是 超出限度, 实际上是一种力所不能及的否定, 译为“不能”。
那地方景色之美非笔墨所能形容。 The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.
3) be + anything but+ 名词/形容词该结构是一 种语气很强的否定表达方式, 译为“根本不 是”、“一点也不”。
他所做的事没有达到要求。 What he has done falls short of the requirements.
含否定意义的形容词 形容词(词组) : 英语中有不少形容词(词 组) , 肯定的形式暗含着否定概念, 汉译时 用反译法译成否定句。常见的有absent (from) , empty of, free, far from , ignorant of, innocent, different (from) , least, lost, reluctant, short of, vacant, hard, devoid of, other than, foreign to 等。
汉语双重否定英译双重否定
没有足够的加速度，地球卫星是不能进入太 空的。 The earth satellite would not get into space without enough acceleration. 没有科学技术知识要建设社会主义是不可能 的。 Without knowledge of science and technology it is impossible to build socialism.
公共场合请勿吐痰。 Please refrain from spitting in the public places.
下雨了，他没法出去。 Rain prevented him from going out.
欺骗与他的本质格格不入。 Deception is foreign to his nature.
There is nothing unexpected. 一切都在预料中。 The errors are too obvious for us not to see them. 那些错误太明显，我们一眼就看出来了。
He was glad because he wouldn’t have to send me away without buying anything. 他总算能买点什么让我带走，这令他很高 兴。
那部车无法爬上那个山坡。 The car failed to climb the hill. 他们不准这陌生人进入室内。 They excluded the stranger from entering the room. 你没有射中靶子。 You have just missed the target.
在否定句中用连词and 连接两个状语、表语、 定语、宾语等时, 也表示部分否定, 否定and 之后的部分。 He is not a bright and diligent boy. 他并不是个既聪明又勤奋的孩子。(聪明但并 不勤奋)
延续否定
从前线回来的人说起白求恩，没有一个不佩服，没 有一个不为他的精神所感动。 No one who returned from the front failed to express admiration for Bethune whenever his name was mentioned, and none remained unmoved by his action.
我全然不知道下一步该怎么办。 I am quite at a loss what to do next. 他对所有的警告充耳不闻。 He turns a deaf ear to all warnings.
对他计划将公司出售一事，我们一直蒙在鼓里 We were kept completely in the dark about his plan to sell the company.
部分否定
用否定词not 来否定表示全部概念的词, 如: both, all, every (everything, everybody, everywhere) 等。这些词都是表示“所有、每一 个、两者都”等概念的, 如果用not 否定这些词 就使句子产生了部分否定之义, 表示“不都 ⋯⋯”,“并非⋯⋯都”等
否定句翻译
全部否定
否定句含believe, consider, expect, fancy, fear, hope, feel, imagine, suppose, think, trust 等表 心理活动的动词时, not 通常否定该动词后 面的内容
科学家们认为, 计算机不可能在所有领域 中都代替人。 Scientists do not believe that computers can replace man in every field.
他是个寡言少语的人。 He is a man of few words. 这地方没有天花和瘟疫。 The place is safe from smallpox and plague.
他不懂拉丁文。 He is quite ignorant of Latin.
Fra Baidu bibliotek
一些固定句型结构: 1) 形容词(副词) 的比较 级+ than to do 结构在某些条件下蕴含着一 种因果关系。当比较级表示原因, than 后的 不定式表示结果则含有强烈的否定意思。 你英语掌握得这么好, 不该犯这样的错误 You have a better command of English than to make such mistakes.