宾语从句与定语从句
宾语从句和定语从句
宾语从句和定语从句宾语从句和定语从句中,宾语从句,定语从句一直是一个比较难区分的英语语法。
以下是要给大家介绍的宾语从句和定语从句,欢迎各位的参考!宾语从句(一) 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语.宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略.当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态.如:She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班.(从句是一般现在时) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条.(从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山.(从句是现在完成时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态.如:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课.(从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿.(从句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会.(从句是过去进行时) *当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的'时态则用一般现在时.如:The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人.She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她说她父亲比她大二十八岁.He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光传播比声音传播快得多.(二) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同.但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.例如:We don't know whether (if) it is right.我们不知道它是否正确.The question is whether sheshould do that.问题在于她是否应该做那件事.Whether it is true remains a question.是真是假还是个问题.试比较:当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句.例如:I don't know if it is true.我不知道这事是否真实.当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句.例如:I shall go there if I have time.如果我有时间,我将到那儿去.定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等.关系副词有:when,where,why等.关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.1)who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书.3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语) 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语.1)when,where,why关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候.Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?2)that代替关系副词that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.下载全文。
定语从句和宾语从句的区别
定语从句和宾语从句的区别定语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句结构,它们在句子中分别起着修饰名词或代词的作用和充当宾语的作用。
虽然它们的功能相似,但它们在结构和用法上有明显的区别。
本文将详细探讨定语从句和宾语从句的区别。
一、定语从句的特点和用法定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常出现在被修饰的名词或代词之后,并且由关系词(如:who, which, that, whose, whom等)引导。
定语从句可以用来进一步说明或限定名词或代词的性质、状态、特征等。
下面是一些定语从句的示例:1. My sister, who is a doctor, works at the local hospital.2. The book that you lent me is very interesting.3. Do you know the person whose car was stolen?从以上示例可以看出,定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子,这个句子修饰前面的名词或代词。
二、宾语从句的特点和用法宾语从句是用来充当句子的宾语的从句。
它通常出现在动词后面,由连接词(如:that, whether, if等)引导。
宾语从句可以用来回答动词的宾语所指的内容或作为宾语的补充说明。
下面是一些宾语从句的示例:1. He asked me if I could help him.2. I don't know what time he will arrive.3. She told us that she had already finished her homework.从以上示例可以看出,宾语从句不以关系词引导,通常由连接词引导,用来充当动词的宾语。
三、定语从句和宾语从句的区别1. 结构上的区别:定语从句通过关系词引导,后面紧跟着一个完整的句子。
而宾语从句通常由连接词引导,可以是一个从句或一个简单的句子。
宾语从句和定语从句的区别
宾语从句和定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句在句子中起到了不同的作用,它们分别用于修饰名词和充当动词的宾语。
本文将详细介绍宾语从句和定语从句的区别。
一、宾语从句宾语从句是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当动词的宾语。
宾语从句通常由连接词引导,包括that、whether、if、when、where、why等。
宾语从句的位置可以在及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中。
宾语从句可以是陈述句、疑问句或祈使句。
例如:1. I know that he is coming tomorrow.(我知道他明天会来。
)2. Can you tell me where she lives?(你能告诉我她住在哪里吗?)3. He asked me if I had finished my homework.(他问我是否完成了作业。
)宾语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来回答与宾语相关的问题,如“是什么”、“怎样”、“为什么”等。
二、定语从句定语从句也是一个完整的句子,它在句中充当名词的修饰语。
定语从句通常由关系代词引导,包括that、which、who、whom、whose等。
定语从句一般紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。
例如:1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
)2. The boy who is playing piano is my brother.(正在弹钢琴的那个男孩是我弟弟。
)3. This is the city where I was born.(这是我出生的城市。
)定语从句在句子中起到修饰名词的作用,用来对被修饰名词进行补充、说明、限制等。
三、宾语从句与定语从句的区别1. 作用不同:宾语从句用来充当动词的宾语,定语从句用来修饰名词。
2. 位置不同:宾语从句一般位于及物动词、介词后面,或者在一些固定句式中;定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。
定语从句宾语从句区分
定语从句宾语从句区分定语从句宾语从句区分定语从句宾语从句怎么区分呢?两者有什么不同呢?下面是店铺为大家收集整理的定语从句宾语从句相关内容,希望对你有帮助。
定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。
(1)由That引导,(指人或物),先行词是人或物;(2)由Who引导,(指人),先行词是人;(3)由Which引导,(指物),先行词是物;举例说明(1)(2):This is the engineer that/who will give us a talk.特殊情况:引导词只能用That而不用其他。
<1>被序数词或最高级修饰的先行词后边,只能用That;e.g:This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.Xiao Ming is the first forginer that I have know.<2>先行词是不定代词的必须用That;注意:定语从句中的谓语动词形式与先行词的人称和数保持一致。
(这里所说的数是单数或复数形式要与第几人称一致)宾语从句宾语从句就是陈述句语序,宾语从句就是由直接引语变为间接引语,或由间接引语变为直接引语。
(1)由That引导(在句子中常被省略)例:The boy said to this mother “I want to buy a bag.”这个男孩对他妈妈说,我想买个书包。
(直接引语)The boy told this mother (that) he wanted to a bag.男孩告诉他的妈妈说,他想买个书包。
(间接引语)直接引语变为间接引语时里的动词会有变化,变化方式:直接引语————间接引语一般现在时——一般过去时现在进行时——过去进行时现在完成时——过去完成时一般过去时——过去完成时过去完成时——过去完成时一般将来时——过去将来时二、由If或Whether引导(是不是、是否,If在连接宾语从句时是这个意思;连接条件状语从句时,假如、如果)例:The teacher asked “do you know his name”.(直接引语) The teacher asked me if (或Whether)I knew his name.(间接引语)(注意直接引语变为间接引语动词的时态变化)特殊情况:只能用Whether,而不能用If。
定语从句与宾语从句
定语从句与宾语从句定语从句一、定语从句得基本概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词得从句叫定语从句,被修饰得名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句得有关系代词who,whom,whose, which, that与关系副词where,when,why。
关系代词与关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
例:This is theboy whooftenhelps me、二、关系代词与关系副词得功能关系代词与关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词与定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。
关系代词与关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。
关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语,关系副词可作状语。
1、作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句得谓语动词得人称与数须与先行词一致。
例:I don't likepeople who talk much but do little、2、作宾语例:She is the person that Imetat the school gateyesterday、3、作定语:关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。
例:What'sthename of the young man whosefather isa doctor?4、作状语例:I’llnever forgetthe day whenI first came to Beijing、三、关系代词与关系副词得具体用法1、who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例:The boy who is wearingtheblack jacketisvery clever、2、whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。
例:Doyou know the young man(whom) we met atthe gate?3、whose指人,在定语从句中作定语。
例:The girl whose motheris illis stayingat home today、4、which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。
宾语从句和定语从句区别
宾语从句和定语从句区别宾语从句和定语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句。
它们在句子中的作用和结构有所不同,下面将分别列举宾语从句和定语从句的特点和例句。
一、宾语从句1. 定义:宾语从句是在句子中作为宾语的从句,用来说明主句中的动作或状态。
2. 特点:a. 通常由连接词that引导,也可以由连接词if, whether等引导。
b. 宾语从句可以放在及物动词的宾语位置、介词后面、动词不定式后面等位置。
c. 宾语从句中的谓语动词通常与主句中的动词的时态和语态保持一致。
3. 例句:a. I know that he is a teacher.(我知道他是一名老师。
)b. She asked if I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成了作业。
)c. He told me that he would come tomorrow.(他告诉我他明天会来。
)二、定语从句1. 定义:定语从句是在句子中作为定语的从句,用来修饰名词或代词。
2. 特点:a. 通常由关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that或关系副词when, where, why引导。
b. 定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面,用来给出进一步的描述和限定。
c. 定语从句中的谓语动词通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
3. 例句:a. The person who is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的人是我的老师。
)b. This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这是我从图书馆借来的书。
)c. Do you know the reason why she cried?(你知道她为什么哭吗?)宾语从句和定语从句的区别在于其在句子中的作用和结构。
宾语从句作为宾语,用来说明主句中的动作或状态;而定语从句作为定语,用来修饰名词或代词。
宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析
宾语从句和定语从句的差异分析在英语语法中,宾语从句和定语从句是两种常见的从句结构。
虽然它们都是从句,但它们在句子中的功能和用法有明显区别。
本文将对宾语从句和定语从句的差异进行分析,以便更好地理解和运用这两种从句。
一、宾语从句宾语从句作为一个整体作为主句的宾语,用来说明主句的动作、行为或状态的对象或内容。
宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中也可以使用其他连接词,如“if”、“whether”等。
需要注意的是,如果宾语从句是陈述句,连接词“that”通常可以省略。
1. 语法结构:主句 + 动词 + 宾语从句例句:He said (that) he would come to the party.2. 特点:a. 宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面。
b. 连接词“that”通常可以省略,但在口语中经常省略。
二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明名词或代词的特征、所属关系、状况等。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that等)引导。
1. 语法结构:主句 + 名词 + 定语从句例句:The person who is standing over there is my brother.2. 特点:a. 定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
b. 关系代词在定语从句中作为主语、宾语、定语等,引导定语从句的同时充当一个从句中的成分。
三、差异分析宾语从句和定语从句在功能和用法上存在以下差异:1. 功能:宾语从句作为整体作为主句的宾语,用于说明动作、行为的对象或内容;定语从句用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明其特征、所属关系等。
2. 引导词:宾语从句通常由连接词“that”引导,但在口语中常省略;定语从句则由关系代词(如who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。
3. 位置:宾语从句通常放在动词后面,而不是宾语前面;定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
定语从句宾语从句的区别
定语从句宾语从句的区别定语从句宾语从句是句子结构中常见的两种语法现象,在日常生活中十分普遍。
它们有相似之处,也有显著的区别,这里我们将介绍它们的定义、不同特点,以及应用的方法。
定语从句是一种由状语从句或定语修饰的句子或词语,它们不是独立的句子,但可以改变主句的意思。
它们的特点是,从句中的先行词被定语从句修饰,定语从句的关系词往往需要使用介词,或者是定语从句本身是由介词引起的。
定语从句一般用于在主句中指定出先行词,或更多地解释先行词的含义。
同时,它也可以有效地改变句子的语义,用以补充主句。
例如:我看到一只鸟儿落在树上,它身上有两种颜色。
宾语从句是另一种独立的句子,它后面跟着一个动词或介词。
宾语从句的作用是指定给句子的主语以及动词的行为。
它们的特点是,它们以疑问词或连词作为引导词,而不需要介词来关联它们。
宾语从句一般用于表达主句的被动意思,以及直接或者间接地表达主句的主题。
例如:我不知道他去哪里了。
定语从句和宾语从句有着明显的区别。
定语从句是一种不独立句子,它们用于指定句子中的关键字和改变其句子的意思;而宾语从句是一种独立的句子,它的作用是指定主句的主语以及动词的行为。
在实际应用中,定语从句主要用于描述句子中的关键字,而宾语从句则可以表达主句的被动意思,以及直接或者间接地表达主句的主题。
使用不当则会影响句子的意义,因此应该尽量准确地使用它们。
此外,学习定语从句宾语从句的最佳方法就是多加练习,多思考,尝试将它们应用到自己的句子中去,从而让自己更深入地理解它们的区别。
总之,定语从句宾语从句是句子结构中常见的两种语法现象,它们有着明显的区别,因此既要多练习,也要准确使用它们。
只有通过练习和努力,才能将这两种句子结构的区别学得深入,运用的更熟练。
定语从句和宾语从句
定语从句和宾语从句定语从句和宾语从句定语从句:一、定语从句的引导词1、一共有9个:who, whom , whose, that, which, when,where, why, as与名词从句相比:定从不能由what和how引导;which的含义改变;定从内部的介词可以放引导词前。
2、引导词的功能有哪些?(1)引导定语从句(2)代替先行词在定语从句中充当一个成分。
(先行词在从句中不再出现)二、定语从句的关键1、首先,要能判断出该从句是从句:(1)放句首没有用逗号分开的,一般是主语从句,也有可能是状语从句,但从句结束后若有体现时态变化的动词,则一定是主语从句。
(2)放及物动词后,若及物动词不是被动语态,后面一定是宾语从句;若该及物动词是被动语态,后面一般是主语从句(It+ is + adj/n./done+that/whether/when…)或状语从句。
(3)放be动词后,后面一定是表语从句,但“It is/was + 从句(被强调成分) + that”是强调句(强调句中“非谓语”)。
(4)放名词后,一般是定语从句,但若该名词有“内涵/内容”(fact/truth/news/information/ problem/suggestion),则很可能是同位语从句。
(5)用逗号分开的从句,一般是状语从句或as/which引导的定语从句,也要注意用放在句中用逗号分开的“插入语”(however, for example,believe it or not等)。
2、其次,判断出是定语从句后可以用“三个优先”法做题:(1)优先选择含whose的选项,能与空格后的名词构成“某人的某物”搭配,一般就是答案;(2)优先选择含介词的选项,然后看该介词与从句中的谓语是否能构成符合逻辑的搭配;(3)用逗号分开的定从,优先考虑as和which,若该空能翻译为“一件事”而从句意思是通顺的,则放句首就用as,句末用which(若该空能翻译为“如同”“像…一样”则应用as)3、再次,做定语从句题可以用“三问法”来检测是否出错:(1)先行词本身是否为特殊的词?way+ in which/that/省略指物的不定代词:anything, one, some,many, a lot, all, both, that等 + that指人的不定代词或数词:one, those, anyone, two等 + who既有人又有物: + that“抽象的地点”condition, situation,case, point + where“抽象的时间”one’s stay/visit + when在特定语境中可以作“地点/位置”理解的词:trousers/ sleeves + where(2)先行词前面有无特殊的词?有不定代词修饰:all/every/little/much+ …+ that有最高级/序数词修饰:the best/second … + that有just the/ the very/ the only/ the last等修饰:+ that有who/which疑问词:+ that(避免重复)有the same/ such/ as修饰:一般+ as(注意:①第一个as是否为一个以as结尾的搭配,如regard…as;②区分such…as(定从)与such …that“如此…以至于”)(3)先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分?注意:从句中spend后的“时间”,以及visit后的“地点”,不是状语,而是宾语,应该用不定代词4、只能用that引导定语从句有哪些情况?先行词前为all, everything, nothing,something, anything, little, much等不定代词时;先行词前有:all, every, no, some, any,little, much, few等不定代词修饰时;先行词被序数词修饰时;先行词被形容词最高级修饰时;先行词前only, just, very, last有等修饰时;先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时;主句是以who, which,开头的疑问句或先行词是疑问代词时;在修饰时间、地点等先行词时,只有用that代替when, where等引导词;【例】I'll never forget the Sunday (that) you first arrived.Do you know anywhere (that) I can get a drink ?先行词为reason, way (意为“方法”)时,常用that 代替why,which, in which,也可省略。
定语从句和宾语从句的差异
定语从句和宾语从句的差异定语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句结构。
它们在句子中起到不同的作用,并有着一些差异之处。
本文将对它们的差异进行探讨。
一、定语从句定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的从句结构。
它通常用来对前面的名词或代词进行进一步的解释、补充或限制。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,常见的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,而关系副词有where, when, why等。
定语从句与主句之间存在一定的关系,它们需要通过先行词进行连接。
在定语从句中,关系代词或关系副词既在从句中充当成分,又引导从句与先行词相连接。
定语从句可以用来修饰人、物、地点等,在句子中起到进一步明确、具体化的作用。
例如:1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)2. The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那边的女孩是我妹妹。
)二、宾语从句宾语从句是指充当主句谓语动词的宾语的从句结构。
它通常用来表示某种动作、状态或观点。
宾语从句常由连接词that引导,也可以由whether或if引导。
宾语从句与主句之间的关系相对独立,它们是并列关系,没有依存关系。
在宾语从句中,连接词只是起到连接从句与主句的作用,并不在从句中充当任何成分。
宾语从句通常作为主句中的动词所表示的动作或行为的对象。
例如:1. I know that he is a doctor.(我知道他是个医生。
)2. She asked me if I could help her.(她问我是否能帮助她。
)三、定语从句与宾语从句的差异虽然定语从句和宾语从句都是从句结构,但它们在句子中的作用和使用方式存在一些差异。
1. 作用不同:定语从句一般用来修饰名词或代词,为主句中的名词或代词进一步提供信息;而宾语从句则作为主句中动词的宾语,承担动作或状态的接受者角色。
宾语从句定语从句的区别
宾语从句定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句都是从句的一种,它们一般可以用来解释、描述、说明主句中的信息。
其中,宾语从句是放在主句后面,作主句的宾语;而定语从句是放在主句中某个名词或代词之后,作其修饰语。
一、宾语从句宾语从句(Object Clause)是放在主句后面,作主句的宾语。
宾语从句通常由连接词that,whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, when, where等引导,也有时可以省略。
宾语从句的功能是补充说明主句的内容,它可以是一个疑问句,也可以是一个陈述句,但不能是一个祈使句。
例如:Do you know (that) he is a teacher?I don't understand why he left.二、定语从句定语从句(Adjective Clause)是放在主句中某个名词或代词之后,作其修饰语。
定语从句必须由一些连接词来引导,如:who, which, that, as, when, while, where, why, how等。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,它可以是人,可以是物,也可以是抽象概念。
例如:The man who lives next door is an engineer.The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.三、宾语从句与定语从句的区别1、宾语从句和定语从句都是从句,它们一般可以用来解释、描述、说明主句中的信息,但它们的功能是不同的。
宾语从句是放在主句后面,作主句的宾语;而定语从句是放在主句中某个名词或代词之后,作其修饰语。
2、宾语从句通常由连接词that,whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, when, where等引导,也有时可以省略;而定语从句必须由一些连接词来引导,如:who, which, that, as, when, while, where, why, how等。
定语从句与宾语从句
定语从句与宾语从句定语从句一. 定语从句的基本概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词where, when, why.关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份.例:This is the boy who often helps me.二. 关系代词和关系副词的功能关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来.关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分.关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语,关系副词可作状语.1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致.例:I don’t like people who talk much but do little.2. 作宾语例:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.3. 作定语:关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用.例:Wh at’s the name of the young man whose father is a doctor4. 作状语例:I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.三. 关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语.例:The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略.例:Do you know the young man whom we met at the gate3. whose指人,在定语从句中作定语.例:The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语.作宾语时可省略.例:A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.作宾语时可省略.例:Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there6. when指时间,在定语从句中作状语.例:I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.7. where指地点,在定语从句中作状语.例:The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.注意关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面.例:That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.四. 特殊用法1. 只用that不用which 的情况1先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时.例:All that he said is true.2先行词被only, no, any, one of等词修饰时.例:The giant panda is one of the most lovely animals in the world that live in the mountains of China.3先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.例:The desk is the second thing that I have made. .4先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.例:This is the best book that I have read this year.5先行词既包括人又包括物时.例:He talked about the people and the things that he remembered.2. 只用which不用that 的情况1在非限制性定语从中.例:The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.2定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时.例:The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.定语从句练习1. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ he visited five years ago.A. whereB. whoC. that2. The girl ________ is reading is my sisterA. whoB. whomC. which3. They like to live in a house ________ is not very big but bright and comfortable .A. thatB. whoC. what4. When she got home, the first thing ________ she did was to clean the house.A. whichB. whatC. that5. Running man is a very relaxing TV program ________ is hot among the young people.A. whatB. whichC. who6. The photo ________ taken by my brother last week is very nice.A. which wereB. that wereC. which was7. China has the world’s longest high-speed railway ________ we are proud of.A. thatB. whichC. what8. Those people and exciting stories ________ happened in the movie are well worth learning to us.A. whichB. whoC. that9. I don't like those ________ talk much but do little.A. whoB. whoseC. which10. --- Dad, I'm hungry. Do we have anything to eat--- You can have some bread ________ from the supermarket. It's on the table.A. which I am buyingB. that I will buyC. that I bought11. --- What are you going to do this summer vacation--- I'm going to start a club to help students ________ not interested in schoolwork.A. who isB. that isC. who are12. --- Don't eat too much junk food.--- You're right. However, I do like the food ________ tastes good.A. thatB. whatC. when13. --- Hi, Kimmy. Do you know Jam Hsiao--- Sure. He is a popular singer ________ comes from Taiwan.A. whoB. whichC. Whom14. I walked in our garden, ________ Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. whichB. whereC. that15. I can think of many cases 例子 ________ students obviously 明显地 knew a lot of English words andexpressions 表达 but couldn’t write a good essay文章.A. whyB. whichC. where16. --- Why does she always ask you for help--- There is no one else ________, is thereA. who to turn toB. she can turn toC. for whom to turn17. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ________ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of whichB. during whichC. from which18. Alec asked the policeman ________ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with himB. whoC. with whom19. The sun heats the earth, ________ makes it possible to grow crops.A. whichB. thatC. where20. Is this the factory ________ you visited last weekA. whereB. whichC. when宾语从句一. 宾语从句的分类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语.根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类.1. 由that引导的宾语从句.连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中常常省略.例:He knew that he should work hard.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等和连接副词when, where, why, how等引导的宾语从句.这些连接代词和连接副词起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义.例:I wonder where he got so much money.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句.If和whether起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if.例:He asked me whether if I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”.特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构.例:Can you tell me how I can get to zoo注意:陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述句语序.例:She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”She said she would leave a message on the desk.“Where are the tickets”I asked him.I asked him where the tickets were.三. 宾语从句的时态宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,这就是时态呼应.如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时.例:Please tell us where he is.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.注意:当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时.例:The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.四. 宾语从句和状语从句的区别例:1I will go out tomorrow if it is fine.2I don’t know if the train has arrived.句1中if引导的是状语从句.这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句.整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去.句2中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语.整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达.判断方法:1. 可以从整个句式看.状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面个别除外,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后.2. 从引导词看.if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether, 词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”.when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”.3. 从时态看.if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化.if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来.宾语从句练习1. --- I’m afraid I can’t remember ________.--- In Beijing, I think.A. where did I first meet youB. where I first met youC. when I first met you2. --- Can you find out our city ________ a lot in the last few years--- Yes. The road is wider and the buildings are taller.A. has changedB. changesC. changed3. --- Do you know ________ Jenny comes to school every day--- Of course I do. She rides her bike.A. whetherB. whenC. how4. --- Are you sure you have to It’s been very late.--- I don’t know ________ I can do it if not now.A.whereB. howC. when5. --- Amy, do you know if Daniel ________ to the farm with us tomorrow if it ________--- Sorry, I’ve no idea.A. will go; will rainB. will go; rainsC. goes; will rain6. I don’t know if he ________ to the party. I will let you know if he ________.A. will come; comesB. will come; will comeC. comes; comes7. --- Could you tell me ________--- By searching the Internet.A. how you got the informationB. when you got the informationC. how did you get the information8. --- Are you clear about the trip next Saturday--- One more thing. I want to know ________.A. that Mr. Yang will goB. if Mr. Yang will go or notC. whether Mr. Yang will go9. Do you know ________ tomorrowA. when did she comeB. when will she comeC.when she will come10. Could you tell me ________A. what she had done with the newspaperB. which is the way to the nearest hospitalC. which gate I should go11. --- Could you tell me ________ tomorrow morning--- Well, it will start at 9 : 00 o'clock.A. when the meeting will startB. where the meeting startsC. when the meeting would start12. You can’t imagine想象 ________ when they received their medals at the Olympics.A. how were they excitedB. how excited they wereC. how they were excited13. --- Excuse me, could you tell me ________--- In five minutes.A. how soon will the film beginB. how soon the film will beginC. how long the film has been on14. --- Do you know ________--- For a month.A. how long will she be awayB. how long she will be awayC. how often will she go there15. I don’t know if his uncle ________. I think he ________ if it doesn’t rain.A. will come; comesB. will come; will comeC. comes; comes参考答案:定语从句:1-5 CAACB 6-10 CACAC 11-15 CAABC 16-20 BACAB宾语从句:1-5 BACCB 6-10 AACCB 11-15 ABBBB。
宾语从句和定语从句的区别
宾语从句和定语从句的区别
宾语从句和定语从句的区别:宾语从句:只有主语+谓语动词,缺少宾语,整个从句充当句子宾语,(从句前面是一个动词)。
定语从句是:主谓宾完整,整个从句作为定语补充说明宾语这个先行词,(从句前面是一个名词)。
定语从句结构
定语从句公式
定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句
先行词
指被定语从句修饰的名词、代词。
一般先行词出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词
关系词常有3个作用:
①连接作用,连接主句和定语从句。
②指代先行词。
③在定语从句中担当成分。
宾语从句时态
主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
主句是一般过去时,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实真理时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound. 00001.。
定语从句和宾语从句的用法归纳总结
定语从句和宾语从句的用法归纳总结大家好,今天咱们聊聊定语从句和宾语从句,这两个语法点可是英语中的“硬骨头”,但一旦搞清楚了,就能让你说话写作时更加得心应手。
我们一步步来捋一捋这两个从句的用法,保证让你理解得明明白白。
1. 定语从句定语从句就像是我们用来描述某个名词的小短语,它的主要作用就是给名词“增光添彩”。
简单来说,定语从句就相当于在原来的名词旁边加了一个“说明书”。
1.1 定语从句的基本结构定语从句通常由“关系代词”引导,比如“who”,“whom”,“whose”,“which”,“that”等等。
这些关系代词就像是桥梁,把主句和从句连接起来。
关系代词“who”:用来指人。
例如:*The girl who is sitting over there is my cousin.*(那个坐在那边的女孩是我的表妹。
)这里的“who is sitting over there”就是定语从句,它描述了“the girl”。
关系代词“which”:用来指物。
例如:*I read the book which you gave me.*(我读了你给我的那本书。
)这里的“which you gave me”是定语从句,修饰了“the book”。
关系代词“whose”:用来表示“谁的”。
例如:*The man whose car was stolen is very upset.*(那个车被偷了的男人很沮丧。
)这里的“whose car was stolen”是定语从句,它告诉我们那个男人和车之间的关系。
1.2 定语从句的用法要点限制性定语从句:这种从句对名词的描述非常重要,不可缺少。
例如:*The book that she recommended is fantastic.*(她推荐的那本书太棒了。
)这里的“that she recommended”是不可或缺的,省略了就失去了书的具体信息。
非限制性定语从句:这种从句只是补充信息,能省略。
宾语从句和定语从句(共13张PPT)
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语法互动(十三)┃宾语从句和定语从句
3.语序 (1)陈述句改为宾语从句时,语序不变。 He is a good child. The teacher said. →The teacher said (that) he was a good child.老师说他是个好孩子。 (2)一般疑问句和特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时,语序改为陈述语序。 Does he work hard?I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard .我想知道他工作是否努力。 ______________ When did he leave?I don't know. →I don't know when he left.我不 知道他是什么时候离开的。 [提醒] 宾语从句与简单句的转换 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句常可以转换为“特殊疑问词+to do”结构 的简单句。 I don't know what I should say. to say →I don't know what__________ . 我不知道要说什么。
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语法互动(十三)┃宾语从句和定语从句
定语从句 考点一 关系代词的基本用法
引导定语从句的关系代词有who(whose, whom), which, that。 关系代词的基本用法:
作主语 指人 指物 who/that which/that
作宾语 who/whom/that which/that
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语法互动(十三)┃宾语从句和定语从句
(3)先行词被all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等不定代词修饰时。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。 (4)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same 等修饰时。 The white flower is the only one that I really like. 这朵白花是我唯一真正喜欢的。 that This is the very book ________ I want to read. 这就是我想看的那本书。 (5)当主句是以who或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who is the man that is standing over there? 站在那边的那个人是谁? Which of us that know something about physics doesn't know this?在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个? (6)先行词既有人又有物时。 that We talked about the persons and things ________ we could remember.我们谈论了我们所能记得的人和事。
宾语从句与定语从句的区别及例句
宾语从句与定语从句的区别及例句宾语从句和定语从句是英语中常见的两种从句,它们都是由一个主句和一个从句构成的复合句。
它们的区别主要有以下几个方面:一、功能上的区别•宾语从句相当于名词,用作主句中的宾语,跟在及物动词或介词后面。
•定语从句相当于形容词,用作主句中的定语,修饰先行词,跟在名词或代词后面。
例如:• I know that you are busy. (宾语从句,作know的宾语)• This is the book that I bought yesterday. (定语从句,修饰book)二、结构上的区别•宾语从句由连词、连接代词或连接副词引导,如that, whether, if, who, what, which, when, where, how, why等。
•定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,如that, who, whom, which, whose, when, where, why等。
例如:• He asked me if I liked the movie. (宾语从句,由if引导)• The man who lives next door is a doctor. (定语从句,由who引导)三、位置上的区别•宾语从句通常紧跟在主句的动词或介词后面,不能移动位置。
•定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后面,有时可以移动位置或省略关系词。
例如:• She told me what she had seen. (宾语从句,不能移动位置)• The girl (who/that) you met yesterday is my sister. (定语从句,可以省略关系代词who/that)四、特殊情况•有些情况下,宾语从句和定语从句可能使用相同的引导词,如that, which等。
此时需要根据上述的功能、结构和位置来判断是哪种从句。
•有些情况下,为了避免重复或突出强调,可以用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放在主句后面。
宾语从句与定语从句的区别
宾语从句与定语从句的区别宾语从句和定语从句是英语语法中两种常见的从句结构,它们在句子中分别充当宾语和定语的功能。
尽管它们在形式上可能相似,但宾语从句和定语从句之间存在一些重要的区别。
本文将详细探讨宾语从句和定语从句的区别,并举例说明其用法。
一、定义与功能1. 宾语从句:宾语从句是一个完整的句子,作为主句中的宾语。
它通常回答了主句中的动词所指的具体内容或问题。
例如:He asked if I could help him.(他问我是否可以帮助他。
)I don't know what time the train arrives.(我不知道火车什么时候到达。
)2. 定语从句:定语从句是一个修饰名词或代词的句子,对其进行限定或具体化。
它通常回答了对名词或代词的描述或说明。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)The boy who won the singing competition is my friend.(赢得唱歌比赛的男孩是我的朋友。
)二、位置和引导词1. 宾语从句:宾语从句通常位于主句的动词后面,并由连接词引导。
常见的引导词包括whether/if、that、who、whom、whose、which、what等等。
例如:I asked whether he was coming to the party.(我问他是否会来参加派对。
)She doesn't know what she should do next.(她不知道接下来应该做什么。
)2. 定语从句:定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,并由连接词引导。
常见的引导词包括that、who、whom、whose、which、where等等。
例如:The man who is talking to Mary is my uncle.(和玛丽说话的那个男人是我叔叔。
定语从句和宾语从句
定语从句宾语从句一、掌握宾语从句的概念1.在复合句中作主句及物动词的宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
它一般是由从属连词,连接代词或连接副词来引导。
它可以作动词,介词或某些形容词的宾语。
例如:Hesaidthatheknewyou.他说他认识你。
HeaskedmewhyIhadcomehere.他问我为什么来这里。
Iaskedhimwhathewanted.我问他要什么。
Couldyoutellmeif/whethertheyareallLeaguemembers?你是否能告诉我他们都是团员吗?I’minterestedinwhathehassaid.我对他说的话很感兴趣。
二、注意宾语从句的时态若主句为一般现在时,宾语从句的时态可根据情况使用任意时态.如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态,宾语从句的时态就比较复杂。
在这种复合句中,宾语从句的时态可以有:1例如:Ithoughthewasold.我认为他老了。
Hewantedtoknowwhoshewaswaitingfor.他想知道她在等谁。
2例如:Hesaidthathefinishedreadingthebook.3例如:Shesaidthatshewasgoingtobuyanewbikenextweek.她说她下个星期要去买一辆新自行车。
Iwasn’tsureifitwouldrain.我没有把握是否会下雨。
4)从句表示普通真理时,其谓语动词用一般现在时。
例如:Theteachertoldusthemoontravelsroundtheearth.?Sheaskedwhenshecouldleave.??1.?用that且通常可以省略。
如:Wethink(that)hewillhelpus.?注意:在某些例如:?2.?用?if?或?whether?引导。
if?和?whether?引导宾语从句,不充当句子成分,但有词义,表示“是否”。
如:Idon’tknowif[whether]hewillcome.?我不知道他是否会来。
定语从句和宾语从句怎么区分
定语从句和宾语从句怎么区分?怎么用?最近很多读者在我们英语周报学习交流群内提问有关定语从句和宾语从句的问题,这是目前大家英语学习中的重点、难点,也是考试中常见的考点之一,掌握它们的用法非常重要.下面小编就帮大家梳理、总结一下定语从句和宾语从句的区别及具体用法,希望能对大家的英语学习起到帮助作用,好了,一起来学习吧!定语从句在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫“先行词"。
引导定语从句的词叫关系代词或关系副词。
下面我们结合例句来看一下由that, which, who和whom引导的定语从句。
1。
关系代词that引导的定语从句。
that在从句中作主语或宾语,可以指人,也可以指物。
如:A plane is a machine that can fly。
(作主语,指物)That’s is the best hotel that I know. (作宾语,指物)Who is the man that is reading a book over there?(作主语,指人)The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. (作宾语,指人)2。
关系代词which引导的定语从句。
which在从句中作主语或宾语,只可以指物。
如:They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语,指物)The fish which we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语,指物)3. 关系代词who和whom引导的定语从句。
who和whom只可以指人,分别在从句中作主语或宾语,口语中通常用who代替whom。
如:The boy who broke the window is called Tom. (作主语,指人)The person to whom you talked just now is Mr Smith。
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宾语从句与定语从句Exercises for Objective Clause ( 宾语从句练习)Part 1.引导词的选择1. You’ll have to decide ___car we’ll use, yours or mine.A.which B.what C.whose D.whether2. You’ll have to decide ___car we’ll use, the old one or the new one.A.which B.what C.whose D.whether3. You’ll have to decide ___we’ll use the new car for.A.which B.what C.whose D.whether4. You’ll have to decide ___we’ll use the new car.A.which B.what C.whose D.whether5.I believe ______ what he said is true.A.that B.whether C.if D.X6.Make sure ______ the door is locked before you leave the lab.A.that B.if C.whether D.when7.I wonder _____ it is true or not.A.that B.whether C.if D.X8. She do esn’t know _____ she should stay at home.A. whatB. whereC. whetherD. that9. Do you know _____he didn't finish his work for?A.how B.why C.when D.what10. He asked me ____ to build this factory.A. how long it was takenB. how long it had takenC. how much time did it takeD. how much time it was takenPart 2.从句的谓语动词的形式1. After a careful examination, Doctor Johnson asked me what _____for breakfast. A.had I had B.have I had C.I had had D.I have had2. The voyage proved that the earth _____ .A. was round B.is round C.has been round D.had been round3. Our teacher suggested he _____ his homework before class.A.hand in B.handed in C.hands in D.hands on4. The teacher demanded that we _____ home before handing in the exercise books. A.should go B.didn’t go C.not go D.don’t go5. I insisted that Tom _____ the work at once.A.does B.will do C.do D.did6. ---My father will be here tomorrow. ---Oh, I thought that he _____ today. A.was coming B.is coming C.will come D.comes7. Have you decided _____Canada?A.when will you leave B.when you will leaveC.when are you leaving D.you are leaving when8. I really don't know when she ____ . If she ____ ,I will tell you at once.A. will come, will comeB. comes, comesC. will come, comesD. comes, will come9. Could you tell me _____ ?A. that he saidB. where does he liveC. how old are youD. when she will arrive10. He said he _____ if he had time.A. will comeB. would comeC. was comingD. is comingPart 3.从句的语序1. He was anxious to know ____ .A.what is the matter B.what was the matterC.what the matter is D.what the matter was2. He asked _____ .A.what was wrong with me B.what was wrong with youC.what’s wrong with me D.what wrong was with me3. Can you imagine _____ then?A.how I was happy B.how happy I wasC.how was I happy D.how happy was I4. _____ , he failed.A.However he tried hard B.However hard tried heC.Hard however he tried D.However hard he tried5. There isn’t any difference between the two. I really don’t know _____ .A.where to choose B.to choose wheatC.which to choose D.to choose which6. I ’m so sorry. I didn’t realize how _____ .A.you were tired B.tired were you C.were you tired D.tired you were7. I wonder _____ on sale.A.how much cost those shoes B.how much do these shoes costC.how much are these shoes costing D.how much these shoes cost8. Has he told you _____ ?A.when they are to hold the meeting B.when are they to hold the meetingC.when will they hold the meeting D.when are they going to hold the meeting9. They want to know _____ to help us.A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they10. Mother asked his son what _____ for lunch at school.A.did he had B.does he had C.he has D.he hadExercises for Attributive Clause (定语从句练习)Exercise 1.1. I have a friend _______ brother is a tennis player.A. whoB. whoseC. whomD. which2. All the people ________ work on a newspaper must be able to work fast.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. when3. Corn is a useful plant _______ can be eaten by both people and animals.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. who4. The boy lived in a lonely village _______ there were no school.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. who5. During the hurricane, one of the tree’s branches broke the bed ________ the girl had been sleeping.A. thatB. whichC. with whomD. in which6. John is the young man ________ came here to help us.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. when7. He didn’t work hard, ________ leads to his failure in the exam.A. itB. whatC. whichD. that8. The houses _______ were destroyed in the flood have been rebuilt.A. whatB. whereC. whoD. which9. Those _______ would like to go will get a ticket each.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. what10. This is the most interesting film ________ I have seen.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whoExercise 2.1. A child _______ parents are busy fighting against SARS is being looked after by his neighbours.A. whichB. hisC. whoseD. who2. Tom failed in the maths, ________ made him sad.A. itB. thatC. whichD. B and C3. I’ll never forget the days ________ I stayed in your beautiful country.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which4. Could you tell me where to get the book ________ I need?A. /B. whatC. whomD. who5. The days _______ we spent in Beijing are not easily forgotten.A. thatB. whenC. whoD. whom6. We should learn from those ________ are always read to help others.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. whose7. What do you think of the people and the things ________ you saw in the countryside?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. what8. I still remember the day ________ I met our foreign teacher for the first time.A. on whichB. whichC. thatD. on it9. This is the person _________ I am thinking.A. /B. whomC. of whomD. of that10. You may take anything ________ you like here.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. of whichExercise3.1. The result of the experiment was very good, ________ we had expected.A. when B .that C. which D. what2. All _______ is needed is a supply of oil.A. all the thingB. thatC. whatD. which3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ were reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose4. The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in the faraway village. A. until B. that C. where D. when5. ______ is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ThatB. ItC. WhichD. As。