Genesis2000脚本编写常用命令剖析

1. switch 的用法，注意每一个case 必须要以breaksw 结尾　否则会继续执行下一个case 的命令
(1) 另外，$< 的意思是取得使用者的stand input
(2) echo 若加上-n 的选项，则游标会停留在该行最后
echo -n "Input one color: "
set STOPLIGHT = $<
switch ($STOPLIGHT)
case red:
echo "red"
breaksw
case orange:
echo "orange"
breaksw
case green:
echo "green"
breaksw
default:
echo "you input $STOPLIGHT"
endsw
--------------------------------------------------------------------
2. 利用set 来取得变数，set ABC = "I am ABC"
也可以利用`command` 来取得命令
且外，case 也可以用万用字元* 来代替
set VER = `uname -r`
switch ($VER)
case 5.5:
echo "run the setup of $VER"
breaksw
case 5.3:
echo "run the setup of $VER"
breaksw
case 5.*:
echo "like 5.x"
breaksw
case 4.*:
echo "like 4.x"
breaksw
default:
echo "no idea"
endsw
--------------------------------------------------------------------3. if 的语法，比较数字
set n1 = 1
set n2 = 2
if ($n1 == $n2) then
echo "$n1 Equal $n2"
else
echo "$n1 Not Equal $n2"
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------4. if 的语法，比较字串
set n1 = abcdef
set n2 = abcde
if ($n1 == $n2) then
echo "$n1 Equal $n2"
else
echo "$n1 Not Equal $n2"
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------5. if 的语法，比较相似的字串
set n1 = abcdef
set n2 = abcde
if ($n1 =~ $n2) then
echo "$n1 Like $n2"
else
echo "$n1 Not Like $n2"
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------6. if 的语法，比较数字的大小
set n1 = 1
set n2 = 2
if ($n1 > $n2) then
echo "$n1 > $n2"
else
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------7. 每分钟执行一次的程式
# mm 等于当天时间的【分钟】数
set mm = `date | cut -d' ' -f4 | cut -d: -f2`
if ( -r $0.out ) then
rm $0.out
touch $0.out
else
touch $0.out
endif
while ( $mm <= 16 )
set mm = `date | cut -d' ' -f4 | cut -d: -f2`
echo "$mm now is `date`"
sleep 60
#echo "$mm now is `date`" >> $0.out
end
echo "Over" >> $0.out
--------------------------------------------------------------------8. 一个回圈的范例，并且利用expr 去作加的动作
回圈的语法如下：
foreach number (1 2 3)
echo $number
end
set counter = 0
while ($counter <= 10)
echo "sleeping for 5 seconds"
sleep 5
counter = `expr $counter + 1 `
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------9. 设定一个用当天月份与日期作为档案名称的程式
如今天是10/02 , 则$prefix 会等于该程式+ 1002
set prefix = `basename $0``date '+ %m%d'`
echo $0
echo $prefix
--------------------------------------------------------------------
10. 移除在foreach 回圈内指定的档案内的font 字串
foreach file ([b,e,g,h,s]*.html)
echo -n "Processing $file, remove the line number `grep -n font $file`"
# $log 表示这个$file 有几个font 字串
set log = `grep -c font $file`
if ( $log == '0' ) then
echo ", pass $file"
else
# 先找出该档案的第一次出现font 的行数，如果3，则$cmd = 3d
set cmd = `grep -n font $file | cut -d: -f1 | head -1`d
# 利用sed 去执行删除的动作，并把结果输出到${file}1
sed $cmd $file > ${file}1
# 如果${file}1 没有资料，则passing
if ( -z ${file}1 ) then
echo " , ${file}1 is zero"
else
cp ${file}1 $file
rm {$file}1
echo " , $file remove ok"
endif
endif
end
# 后来看过sed 的更进一步用法，发现先前写的太笨了，试试这个
# sed /font/d $file > ${file}1
# 一次OK, 我真是大笨蛋
--------------------------------------------------------------------
11. 功能：将指定的档案中，出现第一次【回】的那一行，加上<title> xxxx </title>
foreach file (sky*.html)
set filetitle = ftitle
# 主要部份为sed 部份 s/^ *// 表示将该行第一个字元前的空白删除
echo "<title>`grep 回$file | head -1 | sed -e 's/^ *//'`</title>" > $ftitle
# 将刚刚那一行，再插回去
head -1 $file > ${file}head
sed 1d $file > ${file}1
cat $ftitle >> ${file}head
cat ${file}1 >> ${file}head
cp ${file}head $file
rm ${file}1
rm $ftitle
rm ${file}head
echo "$file ok"
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------
12. 一个实际建立一个ftp server 的程式
里面包括许多应用，相当有参考价值
( 未完成)
set path = ( /usr/bin /usr/sbin )
#
set true = `grep -c ftp /etc/passwd`
if ( $true == 0 ) then
echo "no ftp user in your system"
echo -n "do you want to create the ftp user? "
set answer = $<
if ($answer == 'y' || $answer == 'Y') then
set maxid = `sort /etc/passwd | tail -1 | cut -d: -f3`
echo $maxid
set newid = `expr $maxid + 1`
echo $newid
echo "/usr/sbin/useradd -d /home1/ftp -u $newid -s /etc/false ftp"
endif
else
echo "Good. Your system already has the ftp user. "
set ftphome = `grep ftp: /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6`
echo $ftphome
endif
if ( -z $ftphome ) then
echo "ftphome must be non-null"
exit 2
endif
if ( $ftphome == "/usr" || $ftphome == "/" ) then
echo "ftphome can't be / or /usr"
exit 2
endif
# create the ftp home directory
if ( ! -d $ftphome ) then
echo "mkdir $ftphome"
endif
echo "Setting up the ftphome for SunOS `uname -r`"
if ( ! -d $ftphome ) then
echo "mkdir -p $ftphome/usr/bin"
endif
cp /bin/ls $ftphome/usr/bin
chmod 111 $ftphome/usr/bin/ls
chown root $ftphome/usr/bin
chmod 555 $ftphome/usr/bin
if ( -r $ftphome/bin ) then
mv -f $ftphome/bin $ftphome/Obin
endif
ln -s usr/bin $ftphome
--------------------------------------------------------------------13. 取得该使用者的UID
if ( $#argv == 0 ) then
echo "$0 usage: $1 username"
exit 2
endif
set uid = `grep $1 /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f3`
echo $uid
--------------------------------------------------------------------14. 将指定档案内的html 取代成htm
foreach file ( *.html )
echo "Processing $file ..."
sed s/html/htm/ $file > ${file}1
cp ${file}1 $f
ile
rm ${file}1
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------
15. 一个简简单单的范例，看看就好
#!/bin/csh -f
echo .................
echo WELCOME to \* TAPE COPY \*
echo .................
echo Enter your name:
# $< can read from stand input
set name = $<
echo " "
echo Hi $name \!
set D = `date`
echo Today\'s date is $D[1] $D[2] $D[3]
if ($D[1] == Mon) then
echo -------------------------------------------------------------
echo Today is $D[1]day $name, it\'s time to copy your directorys\! echo -------------------------------------------------------------
else
echo -------------------------------------------------------------
echo Today is $D[1]day $name, no tape copies today\!
echo -------------------------------------------------------------
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------
16. 一个finger 的程式
set FINGER = "/usr/ucb/finger"
if ( -x $FINGER ) then
if ( $#argv == 0 ) then
cat << TAG
---------------------------------
Hahahah ....
---------------------------------
TAG
else
$FINGER "$*"
endif
else
echo "Cannot find finger on this system."
endif
--------------------------------------------------------------------
17. 取得变数的方法
set W = `who -r`
echo $W[9]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
18. 更改档案名称，将*.html --> *.htm
# rename *.html to *.htm
echo -n "This will change *.html to *.htm. Can I continue ? (y/n) : " set input = $<
if ( $input != "y" && $input != "Y" ) then
echo "Ok. Quit..."
exit 2
endif
foreach file ( *.html )
echo "Processing $file to `basename $file .html`.htm "
mv $file `basename $file .html`.htm
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------
19. 更改档案名称，将*.htm --> *.html
echo -n "This will change *.htm to *.html. Can I continue ? (y/n) : " set input = $<
if ( $input != "y" && $input != "Y" ) then
echo "Ok. Quit..."
exit 2
endif
# rename *.htm to *.html
foreach file ( *.htm )
echo "Processing $file to `basename $file .htm`.html " mv $file `basename $file .htm`.html
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------20. 将大写的档名改成小写的档名
tr string1 string2 会将standard input 的字串，所对应到的string1, 都以string2 取代
foreach file ( * )
mv $file `echo $file | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'`
end
--------------------------------------------------------------------21. 将小写的档名改成大写的档名
foreach file (*)
mv $file `echo $file | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`
end
</P< p>。