国外先进的射孔技术(2013年英文版)

Quality in Depth
Pump Down Perforation Service
泵送射孔
Quality in Depth
Pump Down Perforation Service
泵送射孔
Tools configured as follows: 泵送射孔下井仪器串的配置：
Cable Head 电缆头（无需安装弱点） ART 可编址释放下井仪 （电子弱点） ACT 可编址张力 AGC 可编址深度校准用伽马仪和磁定位（射孔 专用） 如果配接爬行器，还需要VPM电压保护下井仪 VSS 电压传感下井仪（射孔后下部的短路不影 响上部仪器的工作） SAT 减震（根据爆炸威力决定减震的个数）） GUN 射孔枪（需要带有纵向和径向导向轮以减 少或降低定向射孔作业的上下和旋转运动产生的 摩擦力） Plug Setting Composite plug 坐封工具 (买方公司提供) 复合桥塞(买方公司提供)
Quality in Depth
ACT 可编址电缆头张力下井仪
• Addressable Cable Head Tension – Applications: • 可编制电缆头张力下井仪—应用
• • • • • •
Pump-down operations; 泵送射孔作业 Deviated wells; 大斜度井射孔作业 Deployment on CT 连续油管输送的射孔作业
Quality in Depth
Early Adopters 提前采纳新技术的公司
• Schlumberger – 斯伦贝谢 • Orientat百度文库d Perforating System – Europe; 在欧洲，定向射孔 • Standardising worldwide on BDS for large diameter gun deployment; 大尺寸射孔枪在全球进行BDS标准化
Quality in Depth
Operational Complexity 作业的复杂性
Engineer has to make too many changes! 以上过程中，工程师需要多次变换系统
In a simple two zone operation there are at least EIGHT changes between surface systems; 仅仅两个层位，至少需要变换8次地面系统 • Enormous potential for human error and equipment damage! • 犯错机率和设备损坏率极高 • A single integrated system is required which provides all these control and safety functions in one set of surface equipment with a consistent interface. • 所以需要开发一套集成的系统，能够提供射孔作业所需的所有功能
Quality in Depth
VSS
电压传感下井仪
• Voltage Sensing Switch – Applications: • 电压传感下井仪—应用:
VSS prevents the short from reaching the lower head of other tools in the same tools string, so communications & power are not lost.
• TENSION = 20,000LBS • COMPRESSION = 2,000 LBS
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Quality in Depth
AGC
可编址伽马磁定位
• Addressable Gamma-CCL – Applications: • 可编址伽马磁定位下井仪—应用
• • • •
All perforating operations for depth control; 射孔作业的校深 Eliminates separate logging system; 不再使用额外的测井系统
Quality in Depth
ART
可编址释放下井仪
• Addressable Release Tool – Applications: • 可编址释放下井仪—应用
• All ballistics operations for stuck string, swollen gun, partially set packer; • 所有的射孔作业，涨枪，枪串遇卡，坐封不彻底.
射孔抢串的端到端的控制 • End-to-end control of the ballistics string; 从电缆头到雷管 • From the cable head to the detonator interface; 单一，集成的用户界面 • Single, integrated user interface; • Robust and reliable telemetry for standard and H2S cables; • 常规与H2S电缆可靠的遥测 • Fully automated power supply control incorporating firing head power 全自动供电（适合各种雷管） (Configurable for each detonator type); 多种安全考虑 • Multiple redundant safety systems; 符合API RP-67 • Compliance with API RP-67; • Comprehensive range of down-hole tools and detonator compatibility. • 兼容各种射孔下井仪和雷管
• Halliburton – 哈利伯顿 • Gun Brake System - Far East; 在远东，射孔枪锚定系统 • Addressable Release Tools – Worldwide; 全球采用可编制释放下井仪 • Orientated Perforating System (w/Gyro) – Middle East; 在中东采用高鼎的旋转式定向射孔 • Baker Hughes – 贝克休斯 • Adopted BDS as their standard ballistics platform worldwide 全球采用BDS作为射孔平台 • Agreed to standardise on SFS. 同意使用高鼎SFS选发射孔
Guardian
Integrated Ballistics Delivery System - ‘IBDS’
集成射孔枪输送系统
‘The Biggest Advance In Perforating Since The Shaped Charge…..’ ‘射孔弹发明以来射孔技术的大飞跃’
Stephen George 史蒂芬 乔治 Sales Engineer Fan Chunsheng 范春生 高鼎公司中国区经理 China Area Sales Manager
• Three/four down-hole equipment suppliers; 三四家器材供应商 • Three/four sets of surface equipment;三四套地面设备 • Multiple opportunities for human or equipment failures.认为错误和设备 损坏几率大
Quality in Depth
The 21st Century Solution! 21世纪的解决方案
Guardian’s Ballistics Delivery System 英国高鼎公司的BDS射孔枪输送系统
• • A single integrated control system with engineered-in safety for all equipment in a electric-line deployed perforating string; 单一的集成控制系统，电缆挂接的射孔枪串的所有设备带有嵌入式 安全设计。 ‘From the Cable-Head to the Detonator – and everything in between’ ‘从电缆头到雷管 ‘ • • Dramatically simplifies set-up and operation while adding additional levels of safety; 戏剧性地简化了配置和作业，同时又增加了安全级别
Quality in Depth
20th Century Technology 以前射孔技术
Historical Perspective to Perforating (the old fashioned way!)
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Multiple vendors / multiple systems: 多个供应商的器材 • Correlation/Logging – GR/CCL/CHT; 校深/测井-GR/CCL/缆头电压 • Orientation/Anchoring/Safety/Release; 定方位/锚定/安全/释放 • Perforate/Selective Firing/Downhole Switch;射孔/选发/井下开关 • Tractor Power System; 爬行器电源控制
Quality in Depth
Early Adopters 提前采纳新技术公司
• Sheng Li – 中国胜利测井 • Orientated Perforating System; 定向射孔 • Pump Down Service 泵送射孔
• Changqing –中国长庆测井 • Orientated Perforating System; 定向射孔 • Pump Down Service 泵送射孔
VSS电压传感开关下井仪起到电气隔离作用，当射孔作业时，射孔枪 起爆后会引起电缆短路，射孔枪之上的下井仪就会因为短路而不能 工作，VSS的使用就能使其他下井仪继续工作，不受短路影响
Quality in Depth
Integrated System Design Philosophy 以前射孔系统
Quality in Depth
Multi-Purpose Panel – MPP-C 多用途面板
MPP-C makes it all possible… MPP-C 面板使之成为可能…
• BDS Control Panel (Bi-directional telemetry/data acquisition); 首先它是一块BDS 控制面板(双向遥测/数据采集) • Perforating Panel;其次又是一块射孔面板 • Incorporating Safety Switch, Dual Perforating Controls and Countdown to Perforating Depth; • 整合了安全开关，双射孔控制，倒计数射孔深度 • Gamma-Ray and CCL Real time logging 伽马 磁定位实时测井 • Selective Firing System 多级射孔系统 • Independently Assessed to API RP-67; 符合API RP-67 • Computer-controlled Power Supply (Configurable for each detonator type). 计算机控制的供电系统（适合各种雷管）
Quality in Depth
Integrated System Design Philosophy 集成射孔系统的设计理念
Quality in Depth
Integrated System Design Philosophy集成射孔系统的设计理念
What would an integrated system require?什么是集成系统？