]典型定语从句易错题详解

典型定语从句易错题详解

■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was

B. it was

C. which were

D. them were

【易错】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is

B. it is

C. which are

D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants w here we can have Chinese food.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

■A man with a blee ding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ___ ___ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

【易错】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

【易错】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every mo nth.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。

再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选B，第(2)题选D：

(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increa sing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is in creasing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

■ David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

【易错】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词a s 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like

B. that