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新高考高三英语时文阅读精选(含答案解析)

新高考高三英语时文阅读精选（含答案解析）AClimate protection and public health have striking similarities. The benefits of both can be enjoyed by everyone, even by individuals who do not contribute to the collective efforts to address these problems. If climate change slows down, both drivers of gas-guzzlers and electric cars will benefit — although the former did not help in climate efforts. Similarly, if the spread of Coronavirus is halted, individuals who refused to wash their hands, as well as the ones who washed them assiduously, will enjoy the restored normal life.Most countries have gotten their acts together, although behind time, on Coronavirus. Citizens also seem to be following the advice of public health officials. Could then the Coronavirus policy model be applied to climate change? We urge caution because these crises are different, which means that policies that worked well for Coronavirus might not be effective for climate change.Climate change is the defining crisis of our times. Floods, hurricanes, forest fires, and extreme weather events have become more frequent and severe over the years. Although climate change generates passionate discussions in big cities and university campuses, there is inadequate public call for immediate action. Some types of decarbonization policies are certainly in place. However, carbon-intensive lifestyles continue. This policy lethargy (无精打采) and behavioral inertia (惰性) are due to many reasons, including concerted opposition by the fossil fuel industry to deep decarbonization. But there are other reasons as well. Climate change is cumulative and does not have a quick onset. Its effects are not always immediate and visible. Many individuals probably do not see a clear link between their actions and the eventual outcome. This reduces the willingness to alter lifestyles and tolerate personal sacrifices for the collective good.In contrast, Coronavirus is forcing an immediate policy response and behavioral changes. Its causality is clear and its onset quick. Lives are at stake, especially in western countries. The stock markets are tanking, and the economy is heading towards a recession. Politicians recognize that waffling can lead to massive consequences, even in the short-term. Corona-skeptic President Trump has reversed course and declared a national emergency.1. What does the writer think climate protection and public health have in common?A. They can’t be influenced by what people do.B. They only benefit those who contribute to them.C. They usually punish those who do harm to them.D. They offer benefits to everyone whatever people do.2. Which word can take the place of the underlined word “assiduously”?A. Attentively.B. Absolutely.C. Abundantly.D. Alternatively.3. Why are people unwilling to change their carbon-intensive lifestyles?A. Because they think the climate is none of their business.B. Because they think what they do has no effect on the climate.C. Because they can’t see the quick result from what they do to the climate.D. Because they don’t clearly know how their lifestyles influence the climate.4. Which of the following does the author disagree with?A. President Trump had a skeptic attitude to coronavirus at first.B. Compared with climate change, coronavirus has a quick result.C. People are willing to change their lifestyles because of coronavirus.D. Many countries have responded to coronavirus quickly and effectively.BRobots, Not Humans, Are the New Space Explorers “Since the days of Apollo, the greatest adventures in space have been these robots that have gone all over the solar system,” says Emily Lakdawalla, a self-described planetary evangelist①at the Planetary Society.By “these robots,” Lakdawalla means the various robotic probes that have flown past planets, moons and asteroids②— orbiting③some, landing on others.Millions of people around the world have watched with delight as the six-wheeled rovers④have trundled across the Martian surface, snapping pictures and taking selfies.At Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., Matthew Shindell says visitors make a point of coming to the planetary exhibit in a gallery tucked into the west end of the museum.Shindell is the museum’s planetary science curator⑤. A prominent⑥feature of the gallery is a large glass case containing versions⑦of all the rovers that NASA has sent to Mars, from the tiny Sojourner rover that landed in 1997 to the 2,000-pound Curiosity rover that arrived in 2012.“People love to come and see the rovers and really get a sense of what they look like up close and their actual scale,” Shindell says.Mars has a mystique all its own, so perhaps it’s not surprising that people find exploring the red planet enticing. But the New Horizons fly-by of Pluto, the Messengerclose encounter with Mercury, and Juno’s buzzing⑧over Jupiter's poles all have generated great public interest.Elkins-Tanton says she and her team are inviting the public to explore Psyche with them.“We’re going to be sending the images that we get out onto the Internet for everyone in the world to see within a half-hour of our receiving them,”she says. “So everyone in the world is going to see this crazy world at the same time and we can all scratch our heads together.”This idea of sharing the experience of space missions is something NASA has embraced. Lakdawalla says the public has been able to see the passion and commitment of the scientists who work on these robotic explorers.“Now you recognize that robotic exploration is human exploration,” she says. “It's just that the humans are back on Earth and the robots are going where humans can’t currently go.”CIn reaction to the coronavirus pandemic, some schools and education institutions are rushing to move their classes and programs online. It’s not going to go well. It’s already not going well. But in the end, in a year or two maybe, the online education adventure we’re watching may be worth the pain, but not in the way you may imagine.We probably should not look sideways at schools that are trying to keep their programs running by turning to online options. It can easily seem like the best of the bad options. But it started badly. As college Presidents, Boards, Superintendents and others were wrestling with these awful choices, they were flooded with solicitations from profit-seeking companies offering to move them online. It was unseemly — like the fire department calling you in the middle of a house fire to offer assistance, for a reasonable fee.That’s not to say all the companies that sell online education platforms and services are behaving that way. But we can say that many of them viewed this crisis as an outstanding business opportunity. So, just in case any education leaders didn’t know how these companies behaved, more do now. That’s good. It’s a taste that will likely linger. The other thing that’s happening is that, for the schools that are attempting to migrate online, they are learning what that means. Theirteachers and students are too.Conversations are already dripping with regret and shocked awareness of how poor the quality of online education is, how implausible it is to actually make work. On social media, teachers have been surprised by the lack of control, lack of engagement, lack of accountability in virtual classrooms. “Zoom University” has been trending on Twitter. It even has a logo, which is not a compliment.1. What is the real intention for companies to offer online service?A. To make money in the coronavirus pandemic.B. To prepare for the online learning in the future.C. To help students with study in the coronavirus pandemic.D. To help schools move class online in the coronavirus pandemic.2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “implausible”?A. Irresistible.B. Impossible.C. Irregular.D. Immoral.3. What’s the attitude of the author towards “Zoom University”?A. Optimistic.B. Critical.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.4. The purpose of this passage is to show that_______.A. the coronavirus influences education very seriouslyB. schools have to offer online education because of the coronavirusC. online education should be cancelled because of its poor qualityD. online education is poor since companies just want to make moneyDWith Cats or Dogs Can ‘Significantly’ Reduce StressCollege is stressful. Students have classes, papers, and exams. But they also often have work, bills to pay, and so many other pressures common in modern life.Many universities have instituted “Pet Your Stress Away” programs, where students can come in and interact with cats and/or dogs to help alleviate①some of the strain.Scientists at Washington State University have recently demonstrated that, in addition to improving students’ moods, these programs can actually get “under the skin” and have stress-relieving physiological benefits.“Just 10 minutes can have a significant impact,” said Patricia Pendry, an associate professorin WSU’s Department of Human Development. “Students in our study that interacted with cats and dogs had a significant reduction in cortisol②, a major stress hormone.”Pendry published these findings with WSU graduate student Jaymie Vandagriff last month in AERA Open, an open access journal published by the American Educational Research Association.This is the first study that has demonstrated reductions in students’ cortisol levels during a real‑life intervention rather than in a laboratory setting.The study involved 249 college students randomly③divided into four groups. The first group received hands on interaction in small groups with cats and dogs for 10 minutes. They could pet, play with, and generally hang out with the animals as they wanted.To compare effects of different exposures to animals, the second group observed other people petting animals while they waited in line for their turn. The third group watched a slide-show of the same animals available during the intervention④, while the fourth group was “waitlisted”. Those students waited for their turn quietly for 10 minutes without their phones, reading materials, or other stimuli, but were told they would experience animal interaction soon.Several salivary cortisol samples were collected from each participant, starting in the morning when they woke up. Once all the data was crunched⑤from the various samples, the students who interacted directly with the pets showed significantly less cortisol in their saliva⑥after the interaction. These results were found even while considering that some students may have had very high or low levels to begin with.“We already knew that students enjoy interacting with animals, and that it helps them experience more positive emotions,” Pendry said. “What we wanted to learn was whether this exposure would help students reduce their stress in a less subjective way. And it did, which is exciting because the reduction of stress hormones may, over time, have significant benefits for physical and mental health.”Now Pendry and her team are continuing this work by examining the impact of a four-week-long animal-assisted stress prevention program. Preliminary results are very positive, with a followup study showing that the findings of the recently published work hold up. They hope to publish the final results of that work in the near future.EThese days many workers feel pushed, filed, indexed and numbered. When they apply for a job, they may be assessed by artificial intelligence, which parses resumes for key words without which an applicant’s odds of an interview lengthen. Based on works like “Evidence-Based Recruiting” by Atta Tarki, who claims that scores in general-mental-ability tests have a strong 65% correlation with job performance, firms may ask candidates to take an intelligence test.When they get a job, employees find the indexing and numbering continues. Workers at warehouses have to pick a certain number of items per hour; those at call-centers are assessed by software that monitors their hourly number of calls, and the amount of time spent on each one. Fall behind the target and you may feel unable to take a break. When their task is completed, employees are often rated again, this time by the customers.Manufacturing workers have long faced these kind of numerical targets, as well as the need to clock in and out of work. The big change is that similar metrics and rating systems are spreading to more and more parts of the economy. Academics get rated by students; nurses may be judged on a “behaviorally anchored rating scale” which assesses how much empathy they showed to patients.Ratings are at the heart of the gig economy, where workers are connected with employers and customers via the internet. Just as TripAdvisor ratings allow holidaymakers to assess hotels, Uber drivers get a score out of five.Such systems are understandable in parts of the economy where output is difficult to measure precisely. But they can be arbitrary. People might give an Uber driver a poor rating because they are in a bad mood or because they encountered unexpected traffic disruption.Gianpiero Petriglieri of the INSEAD business school says that, since firms no longer offer jobs for life, everyone is an independent worker whether they like it or not. The key passage in your CV may not be the universities you attended, but your rating in categories like teamwork, innovation and adaptability.1. Why are employees asked to have a test?A. Its result has relation with their working performance.B. Boss wants to get an understanding of their personality further.C. Its result shows if they can bear the pressure of assessment.D. It is a part of recruiting process.2. Which industry uses the numerical rating system earlier than other industries?A. Service industry.B. Education industry.C. Manufacture industry.D. Agriculture industry.3. What does Gianpiero Petriglieri mean in the last paragraph?A. Employees are interrelated since they work in the same company.B. People should focus on their education background in the resumes.C. Rating system might be misused in some occasions.D. Your performance in rating system should be highlighted.4. Where is this article mostly likely from?A. A newspaper.B. A novel.C. A science fiction.D. A research paper.A【答案】1-4 DACD【解析】本文是说明文。

阅读理解(任务型阅读)带解析(2018年中考英语试题分类汇编第三期)

阅读理解（任务型阅读）带解析（2018年中考英语试题分类汇编第三期）阅读理解（任务型阅读）1.【2018年浙江省金华】阅读下面短文，根据文中信息完成一张海报。

每空限填三词Doing "Clean "ExerciseWhen you go for a run outside, chances are that you'll find litter all around you. Do you just go past it, or do you stop and pick it up? If you choose the second, you're part of the latest popular sport in the West: plogging. The word “logging”is the Swedish phrase“plocka upp”（pick up）and the English word ”Jogging”(running slowly)put together.What a plogger needs is a rubbish bag and a pair of gloves to protect your hands. While collecting rubbish, loggers learn to classify (分类)and deal with it correctly, too.Plogging seems simple but it does a lot of good to both the environment and your health. It can not only make the world greener, but also get you full body exercise, For example, a 30-minute logging burns around 288 calories（卡路里），compared to 235 calories burnedfrom just jogging.So next time you go out jogging, why not carry a rubbish bag and collect some litter along the way? Your body and the environment will thank you.Let’s go___56___!The latest popular sport!Just need___57___and a pair of gloves!Correctly classify and ____58____ the rubbish!It's simple but helpful to ___59___ and your body! Make the world ___60___ and yourself a lot healthier! Join us now! The world says THANK YOU!【答案】56. plogging/doing clean exercise57. a rubbish bag58. deal with59. the environment60. greener/more beautiful【解析】文章介绍了一种新型的健身跑步方式。

新高考英语时文阅读高三专版(含答案解析与原文翻译)

新高考英语时文阅读高三专版（含答案解析与原文翻译）AI was already a hand washer. And since the spread of coronavirus, it’s been kicked into overdrive. I don’t consider myself panicked about COVID-19, although I’d be lying if I said I wasn’t concerned. I live in an enormous city, packed with people, including countless travelers, and I understand how easily a contagious virus spreads. And hand washing may help us to keep it like that. The hard part has to do with the duration. “Scrub your hands for 20 seconds,”the CDC website warns. “Need a timer? Hum the ‘Happy Birthday’song from beginning to end twice.”The turning point came with a slight, unconscious tweak on the lyrics. After a few days, I added three words to the routine: “And many more.”That’s the way we do “Happy Birthday”in my family. These days, of course, those habitual words have particular resonance. What I am doing, after all, when I add “and many more”is making a plea: Let us stay safe and alive. “Its meaning,”writes Rodriguez, “is something like I pray it may be so.”I am an adult, aware of random chance and uncertainty. I’ve come to recognize that insecurity, chaos even, is the way of the world. In the face of an epidemic stretching toward a pandemic, I have one eye on living as if there will be no exceptional disruptions, and the other on preparing for catastrophe. What I’m saying is that I do not generally rely on magical thinking.Now I am consciously singing “and many more”when I fulfill the CDC’s instructions about how to wash my hands. I offer it to you as well, this coping mechanism, this precaution, this projection of a happy ending, which is, of course, a whisper of faith, not in divine intervention (神的干预) but in our ability to care for one another and ourselves.1. What is the attitude of the author toward the COVID-19?A. Panic.B. Concerned.C. Happy.D. Pessimistic.2. How long does it take to sing the ‘Happy Birthday’song once?A. 10s.B. 20s.C. 30s.D. 40s.3. What is the meaning of the added “and many more”these days?A. The author wants to sing the song in a creative way.B. The author blesses herself happy birthday.C. The author is to pray to be safe and live well.D. The author is showing off her great voice.4. Which of the following can be used to describe the author?A. Being full of magical thinking.B. Being ignorant.C. Being insightful and optimistic.D. Being a good singer.【答案】BACC【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己独特的洗手方法，以及疫情期间的感想，并鼓励人们也采用同样的方式洗手。

新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：阅读理解应用文(解析版)

1.What is an advantage of MacBike?
A.It gives children a discount.B.It of offers many types of bikes.
C.It organizes free cБайду номын сангаасcle tours.D.It has over 2,500 rental shops.
2.（2023年新高考II卷A篇）
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.

新高考英语时文阅读高三专版（含答案解析及全文翻译）

新高考英语时文阅读高三专版（含答案解析及全文翻译）新高考英语时文阅读高三专版（含答案解析及全文翻译）AThe life of FM-2030, a transhumanist (超人文主义者) who believed humans will be able toend natural death in the future using technology, is explored in a new documentary. The film, titled‘2030’, was released late last month and is available across multiple streaming platforms. It was made by British filmmaker Johnny Boston who interviewed a range of FM-2030’s acquaintances and scientific experts.Transhumanists believe humans can and should use emerging future technology to greatly enhance their natural abilities. These technologies could include robotics, AI, gene therapy preventing the ageing process. This could radically change what it means to be a member of our species.FM-2030 was born in Brussels in 1930 named Fereidoun M. Esfandiary. The son of an Iranian diplomat, he later changed his legal name to mark his belief that by 2030 we will be ageless and everyone will have an excellent chance to live forever.FM-2030 wrote a number of books around life extension and transhumanist topics, and is widely regarded as one of the founding fathers of the modern transhumanist movement. After his death in 2000, FM-2030’s body was placed in cryonic suspension in Arizona.Mr Boston commented: “I met FM-2030 and that was his legal name when I was about 11 or 12 years old. He’d come to London with his partner at the time and they stayed with us. This was in the early 80s when he had these really off the wall ideas that we were going to live on indefinitely and that there wasgoing to be a much more progressive politics. He talked about we were going to communicate brain to brain. There was going to be a machine that you could put in various characteristics and it was going to print stuff.”Mr Boston went on to produce a number of videos outlining FM-2030’s ideas. He did a seriesof films called the future of democracy that came out of talks that FM had don e. He said,“FM really talks about what the future holds in terms of how we govern ourselves. He thinks we’ve got to useAI.”1. What will happen in the future according to transhumanists?A. Humans will die in a natural state.B. Humans’life span will remai n limited.C. Humans will not need language any longer.D. Humans’abilities will be largely improved by technologies.2. Why did Fereidoun M. Esfandiary change his name to FM-2030?A. Because his father forced him to do so.B. Because he didn’t like his fo rmer name at all.C. Because he wanted to flag his transhumanist faith.D. Because he thought human would end natural death in 2030.3. What does the underlined phrase “off the wall”in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Dull.B.Ambiguous.C. Ridiculous.D. Upset.4. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. The Uncertain Future.B. The Film Called 2030.C. The Ideas of Transhumanists.D. FM-2030—ATranshumanist【答案】1~4 DCCD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了FM-2030 的一生以及他的超人类主义理念。

2024年高考新课标I卷命题特点分析及文学类文本阅读解析

2024高考语文新课标I卷命题特点分析一、教考衔接加强，回归教材强化教考衔接，不仅在考查内容层面与课程标准、统编教材紧密衔接，更在能力、素养层面深度契合，引导一线依标教学，用好教材，夯实学生知识基础，提高学生能力素养。

“回归教材”的表现，即体现统编语文教材和试卷的关系，试卷中至少有10处左右和教材显性或隐性的对应关联，可以看到教材的因素。

①显性的，如文言文第11题，与教材中《老子》《孔雀东南飞》《爱莲说》《项脊轩志》相联系。

②隐性的，如古代诗歌阅读中，选的是宋代刘克庄的《宿千岁庵听泉》，是古诗中描写声音的佳作，不仅能够考查考生对古诗词的鉴赏能力、文化理解能力，从“兰亭帖”“湍流”等词中也能看到试题与教材的勾连--考查学生能否由试题给出的诗句联想到《兰亭集序》，联想到《琵琶行》。

这样的试题设计能够引导一线重视语文课文，打破刷题的怪圈，促使老师真正重视手头的教材使用，而不是去猜题押题刷题。

☞这就要求学生一定要重视教材本身的研读掌握，语文教材是学习与备考的第一基础。

学习与备考首先不能背离课程标准与统编教材，要学会深挖教材。

二、跨学科素材与强烈的语文学科特色毫无疑问，这些年来高考语文在阅读理解命题方面，阅读材料体现出跨学科的综合性，这也将是以后命题仍贯彻的基本特点。

新课标Ⅰ卷信息类文本阅读“论持久战”相关材料属于马克思主义哲学学科；作文题与科技有关。

这是中学教育对学生广泛的、跨学科阅读要求的体现。

但，万变不离其宗，素材本身只是命题思路与学科考察能力的载体，语文考试根本上还是服从和服务于语文学科能力的，即试卷考点设计、学生答题运用的能力依然是语文学科的，是语文课程标准所要求的能力范畴。

强调文本细读，学生需要对文本信息进行准确筛选和把握，提升了阅读的精准性要求，这要求学生在学习了和备考训练中，要克服当下碎片化阅读和粗略阅读的习惯。

语言文字运用试题的命制方式灵活多样，强化了知识运用的考查，落实了语言建构与运用核心素养的要求。

2022年新高考II卷阅读理解详解译文

2022年新高考II卷阅读理解译文详解第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AChildren's Discovery MuseumGeneral Information about Group PlayPricingGroup Play $7/personScholarshipsWe offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices （发票）must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.Group SizeWe require one chaperone（监护人）per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options.HoursThe Museum is open daily from 9：30 am to 4：30 pm.Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.Registration PolicyRegistration must be made at least two weeks in advance.Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.Guidelines●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.21. What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship?A. Prepay the admission fees.B. Use the Museum's transportation.C. Take a survey after the visit.D. Schedule their visit on weekdays.22. How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.23. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?A. Using the computer.B. Talking with each other.C. Touching the exhibits.D. Exploring the place alone.BWe journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don't even realize it's new. For them, it's just normal.This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children's book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures—a perfect match for his age.Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes（戳）the page with his finger.What's up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It's an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, Like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I'm not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I've even built websites.There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn't stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star—two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.24. What do the underlined words "hit home for me" mean in paragraph 2?A. Provided shelter for me.B. Became very clear to me.C. Took the pressure off me.D. Worked quite well on me.25. Why did the kid poke the storybook?A. He took it for a tablet computer.B. He disliked the colorful pictures.C. He was angry with his grandpa.D. He wanted to read it by himself.26. What does the author think of himself?A. Socially ambitious.B. Physically attractive.C. Financially independent.D. Digitally competent.27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist?A. He lacks experience in his job.B. He seldom appears on television.C. He manages a video department.D. He often interviews internet stars.COver the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately.""Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws."We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone."28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US?A. Ineffective.B. Unnecessary.C. Inconsistent.D. Unfair.29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out?A. Where a driver came from.B. Whether a driver used their phone.C. How fast a driver was going.D. When a driver arrived at the scene.30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to?A. Advice.B. Data.C. Tests.D. Laws.31. What is a suitable title for the text?A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You StartB. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the TextalyzerC. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by DriversD. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The TextalyzerDAs we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner."Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic（无氧）exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health."We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump（泵送）a lot more blood during exercise." But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn't change, he says."The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility," Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all."Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?A. The right way of exercising.B. The causes of a heart attack.C. The difficulty of keeping fit.D. The aging process of the heart.33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?A. Diet plan.B. Professional background.C. Exercise type.D. Previous physical condition.34. What does Levine's research find?A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?A. Making use of the findings.B. Interviewing the study participants.C. Conducting further research.D. Clarifying the purpose of the study.A篇【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章提供了关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息。

2024年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编：专题06 阅读理解记叙文(解析版) (全国通用)

专题06 阅读理解记叙文养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

2024年高考真题Passage1【新课标Ⅰ卷】“I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine.Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.”24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him?A. He’s odd.B. He’s strict.C. He’s brave.D. He’s rude.25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets?A. He was trained in it at university.B. He was inspired by another veterinarian.C. He benefited from it as a patient.D. He wanted to save money for pet owners.26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment.B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work.C. Examples of rare animal diseases.D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine.27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association?A. To prove Farber’s point.B. To emphasize its importance.C. To praise veterinarians.D. To advocate animal protection.【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A【导语】本文是记叙文。

专题31新定义与阅读理解创新型问题-备战2023年中考数学必刷真题考点分类专练(全国通用)

备战2023年中考数学必刷真题考点分类专练（全国通用）专题31新定义与阅读理解创新型问题一．选择题（共3小题）1．（2022•娄底）若10x＝N，则称x是以10为底N的对数．记作：x＝lgN．例如：102＝100，则2＝lg100；100＝1，则0＝lg1．对数运算满足：当M＞0，N＞0时，lgM+lgN＝lg（MN）．例如：lg3+lg5＝lg15，则（lg5）2+lg5×lg2+lg2的值为（）A．5B．2C．1D．02．（2022•重庆）在多项式x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n中任意加括号，加括号后仍只有减法运算，然后按给出的运算顺序重新运算，称此为“加算操作”．例如：（x﹣y）﹣（z﹣m﹣n）＝x﹣y﹣z+m+n，x﹣y﹣（z﹣m）﹣n ＝x﹣y﹣z+m﹣n，…．下列说法：①至少存在一种“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式相等；②不存在任何“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式之和为0；③所有可能的“加算操作”共有8种不同运算结果．其中正确的个数是（）A．0B．1C．2D．33．（2022•常德）我们发现：＝3，＝3，＝3，…，＝3，一般地，对于正整数a，b，如果满足＝a时，称（a，b）为一组完美方根数对．如上面（3，6）是一组完美方根数对，则下面4个结论：①（4，12）是完美方根数对；②（9，91）是完美方根数对；③若（a，380）是完美方根数对，则a＝20；④若（x，y）是完美方根数对，则点P（x，y）在抛物线y＝x2﹣x上，其中正确的结论有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个二．填空题（共1小题）4．（2022•内江）对于非零实数a，b，规定a⊕b＝﹣．若（2x﹣1）⊕2＝1，则x的值为．三．解答题（共23小题）5．（2022•遵义）新定义：我们把抛物线y＝ax2+bx+c（其中ab≠0）与抛物线y＝bx2+ax+c称为“关联抛物线”．例如：抛物线y＝2x2+3x+1的“关联抛物线”为：y＝3x2+2x+1．已知抛物线C1：y＝4ax2+ax+4a﹣3（a≠0）的“关联抛物线”为C2．（1）写出C2的解析式（用含a的式子表示）及顶点坐标；（2）若a＞0，过x轴上一点P，作x轴的垂线分别交抛物线C1，C2于点M，N．①当MN＝6a时，求点P的坐标；②当a﹣4≤x≤a﹣2时，C2的最大值与最小值的差为2a，求a的值．6．（2022•长沙）若关于x的函数y，当t﹣≤x≤t+时，函数y的最大值为M，最小值为N，令函数h＝，我们不妨把函数h称之为函数y的“共同体函数”．（1）①若函数y＝4044x，当t＝1时，求函数y的“共同体函数”h的值；②若函数y＝kx+b（k≠0，k，b为常数），求函数y的“共同体函数”h的解析式；（2）若函数y＝（x≥1），求函数y的“共同体函数”h的最大值；（3）若函数y＝﹣x2+4x+k，是否存在实数k，使得函数y的最大值等于函数y的“共同体函数“h的最小值．若存在，求出k的值；若不存在，请说明理由．7．（2022•重庆）对于一个各数位上的数字均不为0的三位自然数N，若N能被它的各数位上的数字之和m 整除，则称N是m的“和倍数”．例如：∵247÷（2+4+7）＝247÷13＝19，∴247是13的“和倍数”．又如：∵214÷（2+1+4）＝214÷7＝30……4，∴214不是“和倍数”．（1）判断357，441是否是“和倍数”？说明理由；（2）三位数A是12的“和倍数”，a，b，c分别是数A其中一个数位上的数字，且a＞b＞c．在a，b，c中任选两个组成两位数，其中最大的两位数记为F（A），最小的两位数记为G（A），若为整数，求出满足条件的所有数A．8．（2022•常州）第十四届国际数学教育大会（ICME﹣14）会徽的主题图案有着丰富的数学元素，展现了我国古代数学的文化魅力，其右下方的“卦”是用我国古代的计数符号写出的八进制数3745．八进制是以8作为进位基数的数字系统，有0～7共8个基本数字．八进制数3745换算成十进制数是3×83+7×82+4×81+5×80＝2021，表示ICME﹣14的举办年份．（1）八进制数3746换算成十进制数是；（2）小华设计了一个n进制数143，换算成十进制数是120，求n的值．9．（2022•盐城）【发现问题】小明在练习簿的横线上取点O为圆心，相邻横线的间距为半径画圆，然后半径依次增加一个间距画同心圆，描出了同心圆与横线的一些交点，如图1所示，他发现这些点的位置有一定的规律．【提出问题】小明通过观察，提出猜想：按此步骤继续画圆描点，所描的点都在某二次函数图象上．【分析问题】小明利用已学知识和经验，以圆心O为原点，过点O的横线所在直线为x轴，过点O且垂直于横线的直线为y轴，相邻横线的间距为一个单位长度，建立平面直角坐标系，如图2所示．当所描的点在半径为5的同心圆上时，其坐标为．【解决问题】请帮助小明验证他的猜想是否成立．【深度思考】小明继续思考：设点P（0，m），m为正整数，以OP为直径画⊙M，是否存在所描的点在⊙M上．若存在，求m的值；若不存在，说明理由．10．（2022•遂宁）在平面直角坐标系中，如果一个点的横坐标与纵坐标互为相反数，则称该点为“黎点”．例如（﹣1，1），（2022，﹣2022）都是“黎点”．（1）求双曲线y＝上的“黎点”；（2）若抛物线y＝ax2﹣7x+c（a、c为常数）上有且只有一个“黎点”，当a＞1时，求c的取值范围．11．（2022•兰州）在平面直角坐标系中，P（a，b）是第一象限内一点，给出如下定义：k1＝和k2＝两个值中的最大值叫做点P的“倾斜系数”k．（1）求点P（6，2）的“倾斜系数”k的值；（2）①若点P（a，b）的“倾斜系数”k＝2，请写出a和b的数量关系，并说明理由；②若点P（a，b）的“倾斜系数”k＝2，且a+b＝3，求OP的长；（3）如图，边长为2的正方形ABCD沿直线AC：y＝x运动，P（a，b）是正方形ABCD上任意一点，且点P的“倾斜系数”k＜，请直接写出a的取值范围．12．（2022•北京）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，已知点M（a，b），N．对于点P给出如下定义：将点P向右（a≥0）或向左（a＜0）平移|a|个单位长度，再向上（b≥0）或向下（b＜0）平移|b|个单位长度，得到点P′，点P′关于点N的对称点为Q，称点Q为点P的“对应点”．（1）如图，点M（1，1），点N在线段OM的延长线上．若点P（﹣2，0），点Q为点P的“对应点”．①在图中画出点Q；②连接PQ，交线段ON于点T，求证：NT＝OM；（2）⊙O的半径为1，M是⊙O上一点，点N在线段OM上，且ON＝t（＜t＜1），若P为⊙O外一点，点Q为点P的“对应点”，连接PQ．当点M在⊙O上运动时，直接写出PQ长的最大值与最小值的差（用含t的式子表示）．13．（2022•青岛）【图形定义】有一条高线相等的两个三角形称为等高三角形、例如：如图①，在△ABC和△A'B'C'中，AD，A'D'分别是BC和B'C'边上的高线，且AD＝A'D'、则△ABC 和△A'B'C'是等高三角形．【性质探究】如图①，用S△ABC，S△A'B'C′分别表示△ABC和△A′B′C′的面积，则S△ABC＝BC•AD，S△A'B'C′＝B′C′•A′D′，∵AD＝A′D′∴S△ABC：S△A'B'C′＝BC：B'C'．【性质应用】（1）如图②，D是△ABC的边BC上的一点．若BD＝3，DC＝4，则S△ABD：S△ADC＝；（2）如图③，在△ABC中，D，E分别是BC和AB边上的点．若BE：AB＝1：2，CD：BC＝1：3，S△ABC＝1，则S△BEC＝，S△CDE＝；（3）如图③，在△ABC中，D，E分别是BC和AB边上的点．若BE：AB＝1：m，CD：BC＝1：n，S△ABC＝a，则S△CDE＝．14．（2022•常州）在四边形ABCD中，O是边BC上的一点．若△OAB≌△OCD，则点O叫做该四边形的“等形点”．（1）正方形“等形点”（填“存在”或“不存在”）；（2）如图，在四边形ABCD中，边BC上的点O是四边形ABCD的“等形点”．已知CD＝4，OA＝5，BC＝12，连接AC，求AC的长；（3）在四边形EFGH中，EH∥FG．若边FG上的点O是四边形EFGH的“等形点”，求的值．15．（2022•青海）两个顶角相等的等腰三角形，如果具有公共的顶角的顶点，并把它们的底角顶点连接起来，则形成一组全等的三角形，把具有这个规律的图形称为“手拉手”图形．（1）问题发现：如图1，若△ABC和△ADE是顶角相等的等腰三角形，BC，DE分别是底边．求证：BD＝CE；（2）解决问题：如图2，若△ACB和△DCE均为等腰直角三角形，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝90°，点A，D，E在同一条直线上，CM为△DCE中DE边上的高，连接BE，请判断∠AEB的度数及线段CM，AE，BE之间的数量关系并说明理由．16．（2022•嘉兴）小东在做九上课本123页习题：“1：也是一个很有趣的比．已知线段AB（如图1），用直尺和圆规作AB上的一点P，使AP：AB＝1：．”小东的作法是：如图2，以AB为斜边作等腰直角三角形ABC，再以点A为圆心，AC长为半径作弧，交线段AB于点P，点P即为所求作的点．小东称点P为线段AB的“趣点”．（1）你赞同他的作法吗？请说明理由．（2）小东在此基础上进行了如下操作和探究：连结CP，点D为线段AC上的动点，点E在AB的上方，构造△DPE，使得△DPE∽△CPB．①如图3，当点D运动到点A时，求∠CPE的度数．②如图4，DE分别交CP，CB于点M，N，当点D为线段AC的“趣点”时（CD＜AD），猜想：点N是否为线段ME的“趣点”？并说明理由．17．（2022•兰州）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，AC＝3cm，BC＝4cm，M为AB边上一动点，BN ⊥CM，垂足为N．设A，M两点间的距离为xcm（0≤x≤5），B，N两点间的距离为ycm（当点M和B 点重合时，B，N两点间的距离为0）．小明根据学习函数的经验，对因变量y随自变量x的变化而变化的规律进行了探究．下面是小明的探究过程，请补充完整．（1）列表：下表的已知数据是根据A，M两点间的距离x进行取点、画图、测量，分别得到了y与x的几组对应值：x/cm00.51 1.5 1.82 2.53 3.54 4.55y/cm4 3.96 3.79 3.47a 2.99 2.40 1.79 1.230.740.330请你通过计算，补全表格：a＝；（2）描点、连线：在平面直角坐标系中，描出表中各组数值所对应的点（x，y），并画出函数y关于x 的图象；（3）探究性质：随着自变量x的不断增大，函数y的变化趋势：；（4）解决问题：当BN＝2AM时，AM的长度大约是cm．（结果保留两位小数）18．（2022•深圳）二次函数y＝2x2，先向上平移6个单位，再向右平移3个单位，用光滑的曲线画在平面直角坐标系上．y＝2x2y＝2（x﹣3）2+6（0，0）（3，m）（1，2）（4，8）（2，8）（5，14）（﹣1，2）（2，8）（﹣2，8）（1，14）（1）m的值为；（2）在坐标系中画出平移后的图象并写出y＝﹣x2+5与y＝x2的交点坐标；（3）点P（x1，y1），Q（x2，y2）在新的函数图象上，且P，Q两点均在对称轴同一侧，若y1＞y2，则x1x2．（填不等号）19．（2022•潍坊）某市在盐碱地种植海水稻获得突破性进展，小亮和小莹到海水稻种植基地调研．小莹根据水稻年产量数据，分别在直角坐标系中描出表示2017﹣2021年①号田和②号田年产量情况的点（记2017年为第1年度，横轴表示年度，纵轴表示年产量），如图．小亮认为，可以从y＝kx+b（k＞0），y＝（m＞0），y＝﹣0.1x2+ax+c中选择适当的函数模型，模拟①号田和②号田的年产量变化趋势．（1）小莹认为不能选y＝（m＞0）．你认同吗？请说明理由；（2）请从小亮提供的函数模型中，选择适当的模型分别模拟①号田和②号田的年产量变化趋势，并求出函数表达式；（3）根据（2）中你选择的函数模型，请预测①号田和②号田总年产量在哪一年最大？最大是多少？20．（2022•潍坊）为落实“双减”，老师布置了一项这样的课后作业：二次函数的图象经过点（﹣1，﹣1），且不经过第一象限，写出满足这些条件的一个函数表达式．【观察发现】请完成作业，并在直角坐标系中画出大致图象．【思考交流】小亮说：“满足条件的函数图象的对称轴一定在y轴的左侧．”小莹说：“满足条件的函数图象一定在x轴的下方．”你认同他们的说法吗？若不认同，请举例说明．【概括表达】小博士认为这个作业的答案太多，老师不方便批阅，于是探究了二次函数y＝ax2+bx+c的图象与系数a，b，c的关系，得出了提高老师作业批阅效率的方法．请你探究这个方法，写出探究过程．21．（2022•临沂）杠杆原理在生活中被广泛应用（杠杆原理：阻力×阻力臂＝动力×动力臂），小明利用这一原理制作了一个称量物体质量的简易“秤”（如图1）．制作方法如下：第一步：在一根匀质细木杆上标上均匀的刻度（单位长度1cm），确定支点O，并用细麻绳固定，在支点O左侧2cm的A处固定一个金属吊钩，作为秤钩；第二步：取一个质量为0.5kg的金属物体作为秤砣．（1）图1中，把重物挂在秤钩上，秤砣挂在支点O右侧的B处，秤杆平衡，就能称得重物的质量．当重物的质量变化时，OB的长度随之变化．设重物的质量为xkg，OB的长为ycm．写出y关于x的函数解析式；若0＜y＜48，求x的取值范围．（2）调换秤砣与重物的位置，把秤砣挂在秤钩上，重物挂在支点O右侧的B处，使秤杆平衡，如图2．设重物的质量为xkg，OB的长为ycm，写出y关于x的函数解析式，完成下表，画出该函数的图象．x/kg……0.250.5124……y/cm…………22．（2022•赤峰）阅读下列材料定义运算：min|a，b|，当a≥b时，min|a，b|＝b；当a＜b时，min|a，b|＝a．例如：min|﹣1，3|＝﹣1；min|﹣1，﹣2|＝﹣2．完成下列任务（1）①min|（﹣3）0，2|＝；②min|﹣，﹣4|＝．（2）如图，已知反比例函数y1＝和一次函数y2＝﹣2x+b的图象交于A、B两点．当﹣2＜x＜0时，min|，﹣2x+b|＝（x+1）（x﹣3）﹣x2，求这两个函数的解析式．23．（2022•赤峰）【生活情境】为美化校园环境，某学校根据地形情况，要对景观带中一个长AD＝4m，宽AB＝1m的长方形水池ABCD 进行加长改造（如图①，改造后的水池ABNM仍为长方形，以下简称水池1）．同时，再建造一个周长为12m的矩形水池EFGH（如图②，以下简称水池2）．【建立模型】如果设水池ABCD的边AD加长长度DM为x（m）（x＞0），加长后水池1的总面积为y1（m2），则y1关于x的函数解析式为：y1＝x+4（x＞0）；设水池2的边EF的长为x（m）（0＜x＜6），面积为y2（m2），则y2关于x的函数解析式为：y2＝﹣x2+6x（0＜x＜6），上述两个函数在同一平面直角坐标系中的图象如图③．【问题解决】（1）若水池2的面积随EF长度的增加而减小，则EF长度的取值范围是（可省略单位），水池2面积的最大值是m2；（2）在图③字母标注的点中，表示两个水池面积相等的点是，此时的x（m）值是；（3）当水池1的面积大于水池2的面积时，x（m）的取值范围是；（4）在1＜x＜4范围内，求两个水池面积差的最大值和此时x的值；（5）假设水池ABCD的边AD的长度为b（m），其他条件不变（这个加长改造后的新水池简称水池3），则水池3的总面积y3（m2）关于x（m）（x＞0）的函数解析式为：y3＝x+b（x＞0）．若水池3与水池2的面积相等时，x（m）有唯一值，求b的值．24．（2022•鄂州）某数学兴趣小组运用《几何画板》软件探究y＝ax2（a＞0）型抛物线图象．发现：如图1所示，该类型图象上任意一点M到定点F（0，）的距离MF，始终等于它到定直线l：y＝﹣的距离MN（该结论不需要证明），他们称：定点F为图象的焦点，定直线l为图象的准线，y＝﹣叫做抛物线的准线方程．其中原点O为FH的中点，FH＝2OF＝．例如：抛物线y＝x2，其焦点坐标为F（0，），准线方程为l：y＝﹣．其中MF＝MN，FH＝2OH ＝1．【基础训练】（1）请分别直接写出抛物线y＝2x2的焦点坐标和准线l的方程：，．【技能训练】（2）如图2所示，已知抛物线y＝x2上一点P到准线l的距离为6，求点P的坐标；【能力提升】（3）如图3所示，已知过抛物线y＝ax2（a＞0）的焦点F的直线依次交抛物线及准线l于点A、B、C．若BC＝2BF，AF＝4，求a的值；【拓展升华】（4）古希腊数学家欧多克索斯在深入研究比例理论时，提出了分线段的“中末比”问题：点C将一条线段AB分为两段AC和CB，使得其中较长一段AC是全线段AB与另一段CB的比例中项，即满足：＝＝．后人把这个数称为“黄金分割”数，把点C称为线段AB的黄金分割点．如图4所示，抛物线y＝x2的焦点F（0，1），准线l与y轴交于点H（0，﹣1），E为线段HF的黄金分割点，点M为y轴左侧的抛物线上一点．当＝时，请直接写出△HME的面积值．25．（2022•贵阳）小红根据学习轴对称的经验，对线段之间、角之间的关系进行了拓展探究．如图，在▱ABCD 中，AN为BC边上的高，＝m，点M在AD边上，且BA＝BM，点E是线段AM上任意一点，连接BE，将△ABE沿BE翻折得△FBE．（1）问题解决：如图①，当∠BAD＝60°，将△ABE沿BE翻折后，使点F与点M重合，则＝；（2）问题探究：如图②，当∠BAD＝45°，将△ABE沿BE翻折后，使EF∥BM，求∠ABE的度数，并求出此时m的最小值；（3）拓展延伸：当∠BAD＝30°，将△ABE沿BE翻折后，若EF⊥AD，且AE＝MD，根据题意在备用图中画出图形，并求出m的值．26．（2022•呼和浩特）下面图片是八年级教科书中的一道题．如图，四边形ABCD是正方形，点E是边BC的中点，∠AEF＝90°，且EF交正方形外角的平分线CF 于点F．求证AE＝EF．（提示：取AB的中点G，连接EG．）（1）请你思考题中“提示”，这样添加辅助线的意图是得到条件：；（2）如图1，若点E是BC边上任意一点（不与B、C重合），其他条件不变．求证：AE＝EF；（3）在（2）的条件下，连接AC，过点E作EP⊥AC，垂足为P．设＝k，当k为何值时，四边形ECFP是平行四边形，并给予证明．27．（2022•潍坊）【情境再现】甲、乙两个含45°角的直角三角尺如图①放置，甲的直角顶点放在乙斜边上的高的垂足O处．将甲绕点O顺时针旋转一个锐角到图②位置．小莹用作图软件Geogebra按图②作出示意图，并连接AG，BH，如图③所示，AB交HO于E，AC交OG于F，通过证明△OBE≌△OAF，可得OE＝OF．请你证明：AG＝BH．【迁移应用】延长GA分别交HO，HB所在直线于点P，D，如图④，猜想并证明DG与BH的位置关系．【拓展延伸】小亮将图②中的甲、乙换成含30°角的直角三角尺如图⑤，按图⑤作出示意图，并连接HB，AG，如图⑥所示，其他条件不变，请你猜想并证明AG与BH的数量关系．备战2023年中考数学必刷真题考点分类专练（全国通用）专题31新定义与阅读理解创新型问题一．选择题（共3小题）1．（2022•娄底）若10x＝N，则称x是以10为底N的对数．记作：x＝lgN．例如：102＝100，则2＝lg100；100＝1，则0＝lg1．对数运算满足：当M＞0，N＞0时，lgM+lgN＝lg（MN）．例如：lg3+lg5＝lg15，则（lg5）2+lg5×lg2+lg2的值为（）A．5B．2C．1D．0【分析】首先根据定义运算提取公因式，然后利用定义运算计算即可求解．【解析】原式＝lg5（lg5+lg2）+lg2＝lg5×lg（5×2）+lg2＝lg5lg10+lg2＝lg5+lg2＝lg10＝1．故选：C．2．（2022•重庆）在多项式x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n中任意加括号，加括号后仍只有减法运算，然后按给出的运算顺序重新运算，称此为“加算操作”．例如：（x﹣y）﹣（z﹣m﹣n）＝x﹣y﹣z+m+n，x﹣y﹣（z﹣m）﹣n ＝x﹣y﹣z+m﹣n，…．下列说法：①至少存在一种“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式相等；②不存在任何“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式之和为0；③所有可能的“加算操作”共有8种不同运算结果．其中正确的个数是（）A．0B．1C．2D．3【分析】根据“加算操作”的定义可知，当只给x﹣y加括号时，和原式相等；因为不改变x，y的运算符号，故不存在任何“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式之和为0在多项式x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n中，可通过加括号改变z，m，n的符号，因为z，m，n中只有加减两种运算，求出即可．【解析】①（x﹣y）﹣z﹣m﹣n＝x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n，与原式相等，故①正确；②∵在多项式x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n中，可通过加括号改变z，m，n的符号，无法改变x，y的符号，故不存在任何“加算操作”，使其运算结果与原多项式之和为0；故②正确；③在多项式x﹣y﹣z﹣m﹣n中，可通过加括号改变z，m，n的符号，加括号后只有加减两种运算，∴2×2×2＝8种，所有可能的加括号的方法最多能得到8种不同的结果．故选：D．3．（2022•常德）我们发现：＝3，＝3，＝3，…，＝3，一般地，对于正整数a，b，如果满足＝a时，称（a，b）为一组完美方根数对．如上面（3，6）是一组完美方根数对，则下面4个结论：①（4，12）是完美方根数对；②（9，91）是完美方根数对；③若（a，380）是完美方根数对，则a＝20；④若（x，y）是完美方根数对，则点P（x，y）在抛物线y＝x2﹣x上，其中正确的结论有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个【分析】将（4，12），（9，91）代入验证即可判断①②；将（a，380）代入公式，建立方程可得出结论；若（x，y）是完美方根数对，则满足给出公式，化简可得出结论．【解析】将（4，12）代入＝4，＝4，＝4，…，∴（4，12）是完美方根数对；故①正确；将（9，91）代入＝10≠9，＝，∴（9，91）不是完美方根数对，故②错误；③∵（a，380）是完美方根数对，∴将（a，380）代入公式，＝a，＝a，解得a＝20或a＝﹣19（舍去），故③正确；④若（x，y）是完美方根数对，则＝x，＝x，整理得y＝x2﹣x，∴点P（x，y）在抛物线y＝x2﹣x上，故④正确；故选：C．二．填空题（共1小题）4．（2022•内江）对于非零实数a，b，规定a⊕b＝﹣．若（2x﹣1）⊕2＝1，则x的值为．【分析】利用新规定对计算的式子变形，解分式方程即可求得结论．【解析】由题意得：＝1，解得：x＝．经检验，x＝是原方程的根，∴x＝．故答案为：．三．解答题（共23小题）5．（2022•遵义）新定义：我们把抛物线y＝ax2+bx+c（其中ab≠0）与抛物线y＝bx2+ax+c称为“关联抛物线”．例如：抛物线y＝2x2+3x+1的“关联抛物线”为：y＝3x2+2x+1．已知抛物线C1：y＝4ax2+ax+4a﹣3（a≠0）的“关联抛物线”为C2．（1）写出C2的解析式（用含a的式子表示）及顶点坐标；（2）若a＞0，过x轴上一点P，作x轴的垂线分别交抛物线C1，C2于点M，N．①当MN＝6a时，求点P的坐标；②当a﹣4≤x≤a﹣2时，C2的最大值与最小值的差为2a，求a的值．【分析】（1）根据“关联抛物线”的定义可直接得出C2的解析式，再将该解析式化成顶点式，可得出C2的顶点坐标；（2）①设点P的横坐标为m，则可表达点M和点N的坐标，根据两点间距离公式可表达MN的长，列出方程，可求出点P的坐标；②分情况讨论，当a﹣4≤﹣2≤a﹣2时，当﹣2≤a﹣4≤a﹣2时，当a﹣4≤a﹣2≤﹣2时，分别得出C2的最大值和最小值，进而列出方程，可求出a的值．【解析】（1）根据“关联抛物线”的定义可得C2的解析式为：y＝ax2+4ax+4a﹣3，∵y＝ax2+4ax+4a﹣3＝a（x+2）2﹣3，∴C2的顶点坐标为（﹣2，﹣3）；（2）①设点P的横坐标为m，∵过点P作x轴的垂线分别交抛物线C1，C2于点M，N，∴M（m，4am2+am+4a﹣3），N（m，am2+4am+4a﹣3），∴MN＝|4am2+am+4a﹣3﹣（am2+4am+4a﹣3）|＝|3am2﹣3am|，∵MN＝6a，∴|3am2﹣3am|＝6a，解得m＝﹣1或m＝2，∴P（﹣1，0）或（2，0）．②∵C2的解析式为：y＝a（x+2）2﹣3，∴当x＝﹣2时，y＝﹣3，当x＝a﹣4时，y＝a（a﹣4+2）2﹣3＝a（a﹣2）2﹣3，当x＝a﹣2时，y＝a（a﹣2+2）2﹣3＝a3﹣3，根据题意可知，需要分三种情况讨论，Ⅰ、当a﹣4≤﹣2≤a﹣2时，0＜a≤2，且当0＜a≤1时，函数的最大值为a（a﹣2）2﹣3；函数的最小值为﹣3，∴a（a﹣2）2﹣3﹣（﹣3）＝2a，解得a＝2﹣或a＝2+（舍）；当1≤a≤2时，函数的最大值为a3﹣3；函数的最小值为﹣3，∴a3﹣3﹣（﹣3）＝2a，解得a＝或a＝﹣（舍）；Ⅱ、当﹣2≤a﹣4≤a﹣2时，a≥2，函数的最大值为a3﹣3，函数的最小值为a（a﹣2）2﹣3；∴a3﹣3﹣[a（a﹣2）2﹣3]＝2a，解得a＝（舍）；Ⅲ、当a﹣4≤a﹣2≤﹣2时，a≤0，不符合题意，舍去；综上，a的值为2﹣或．6．（2022•长沙）若关于x的函数y，当t﹣≤x≤t+时，函数y的最大值为M，最小值为N，令函数h＝，我们不妨把函数h称之为函数y的“共同体函数”．（1）①若函数y＝4044x，当t＝1时，求函数y的“共同体函数”h的值；②若函数y＝kx+b（k≠0，k，b为常数），求函数y的“共同体函数”h的解析式；（2）若函数y＝（x≥1），求函数y的“共同体函数”h的最大值；（3）若函数y＝﹣x2+4x+k，是否存在实数k，使得函数y的最大值等于函数y的“共同体函数“h的最小值．若存在，求出k的值；若不存在，请说明理由．【分析】（1）①由题意求出M＝6066，N＝2022，再由定义可求h的值；②分两种情况讨论：②当k＞0时，M＝kt+k+b，N＝kt﹣k+b，h＝k；当k＜0时，M＝kt﹣k+b，有N＝kt+k+b，h＝﹣k；（2）由题意t﹣≥1，M＝，N＝，则h＝，所以h有最大值；（3）分四种情况讨论：①当2≤t﹣时，M＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，N＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，h＝t﹣2；②当t+≤2时，N＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，M＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，h＝2﹣t，；③当t﹣≤2≤t，即2≤t≤，N＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，M＝4+k，h＝（t﹣）2；④当t＜2≤t+，N＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，M＝4+k，h＝（t﹣）2，画出h的函数图象，结合图象可得＝4+k，解得k＝﹣．【解析】（1）①∵t＝1，∴≤x≤，∵函数y＝4044x，∴函数的最大值M＝6066，函数的最小值N＝2022，∴h＝2022；②当k＞0时，函数y＝kx+b在t﹣≤x≤t+有最大值M＝kt+k+b，有最小值N＝kt﹣k+b，∴h＝k；当k＜0时，函数y＝kx+b在t﹣≤x≤t+有最大值M＝kt﹣k+b，有最小值N＝kt+k+b，∴h＝﹣k；综上所述：h＝|k|；（2）t﹣≥1，即t≥，函数y＝（x≥1）最大值M＝，最小值N＝，∴h＝，当t＝时，h有最大值；（3）存在实数k，使得函数y的最大值等于函数y的“共同体函数“h的最小值，理由如下：∵y＝﹣x2+4x+k＝﹣（x﹣2）2+4+k，∴函数的对称轴为直线x＝2，y的最大值为4+k，①当2≤t﹣时，即t≥，此时M＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，N＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，∴h＝t﹣2，此时h的最小值为；②当t+≤2时，即t≤，此时N＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，M＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，∴h＝2﹣t，此时h的最小值为；③当t﹣≤2≤t，即2≤t≤，此时N＝﹣（t+﹣2）2+4+k，M＝4+k，∴h＝（t﹣）2，④当t＜2≤t+，即≤t＜2，此时N＝﹣（t﹣﹣2）2+4+k，M＝4+k，∴h＝（t﹣）2，h的函数图象如图所示：h的最小值为，由题意可得＝4+k，解得k＝﹣；综上所述：k的值为﹣．7．（2022•重庆）对于一个各数位上的数字均不为0的三位自然数N，若N能被它的各数位上的数字之和m 整除，则称N是m的“和倍数”．例如：∵247÷（2+4+7）＝247÷13＝19，∴247是13的“和倍数”．又如：∵214÷（2+1+4）＝214÷7＝30……4，∴214不是“和倍数”．（1）判断357，441是否是“和倍数”？说明理由；（2）三位数A是12的“和倍数”，a，b，c分别是数A其中一个数位上的数字，且a＞b＞c．在a，b，c中任选两个组成两位数，其中最大的两位数记为F（A），最小的两位数记为G（A），若为整数，求出满足条件的所有数A．【分析】（1）根据“和倍数”的定义依次判断即可；（2）设A＝（a+b+c＝12，a＞b＞c），根据“和倍数”的定义表示F（A）和G（A），代入中，根据为整数可解答．【解析】（1）∵357÷（3+5+7）＝357÷15＝23……12，∴357不是“和倍数”；∵441÷（4+4+1）＝441÷9＝49，∴441是9的“和倍数”；（2）设A＝（a+b+c＝12，a＞b＞c），由题意得：F（A）＝，G（A）＝，∴＝＝＝，∵a+c＝12﹣b，为整数，∴＝＝＝＝7+（1﹣b），∵1＜b＜9，∴b＝3，5，7，∴a+c＝9，7，5，①当b＝3，a+c＝9时，（舍），，则A＝732或372；②当b＝5，a+c＝7时，，则A＝156或516；③当b＝7，a+c＝5时，此种情况没有符合的值；综上，满足条件的所有数A为：732或372或156或516．8．（2022•常州）第十四届国际数学教育大会（ICME﹣14）会徽的主题图案有着丰富的数学元素，展现了我国古代数学的文化魅力，其右下方的“卦”是用我国古代的计数符号写出的八进制数3745．八进制是以8作为进位基数的数字系统，有0～7共8个基本数字．八进制数3745换算成十进制数是3×83+7×82+4×81+5×80＝2021，表示ICME﹣14的举办年份．（1）八进制数3746换算成十进制数是2022；（2）小华设计了一个n进制数143，换算成十进制数是120，求n的值．【分析】（1）根据已知，从个位数字起，将八进制的每一位数分别乘以80，81，82，83，再把所得结果相加即可得解；（2）根据n进制数和十进制数的计算方法得到关于n的方程，解方程即可求解．【解析】（1）3746＝3×83+7×82+4×81+6×80＝1536+448+32+6＝2022．故八进制数字3746换算成十进制是2022．故答案为：2022；（2）依题意有：n2+4×n1+3×n0＝120，解得n1＝9，n2＝﹣13（舍去）．故n的值是9．9．（2022•盐城）【发现问题】小明在练习簿的横线上取点O为圆心，相邻横线的间距为半径画圆，然后半径依次增加一个间距画同心圆，描出了同心圆与横线的一些交点，如图1所示，他发现这些点的位置有一定的规律．【提出问题】小明通过观察，提出猜想：按此步骤继续画圆描点，所描的点都在某二次函数图象上．【分析问题】小明利用已学知识和经验，以圆心O为原点，过点O的横线所在直线为x轴，过点O且垂直于横线的直线为y轴，相邻横线的间距为一个单位长度，建立平面直角坐标系，如图2所示．当所描的点在半径为5的同心圆上时，其坐标为（﹣3，4）或（3，4）．【解决问题】请帮助小明验证他的猜想是否成立．【深度思考】小明继续思考：设点P（0，m），m为正整数，以OP为直径画⊙M，是否存在所描的点在⊙M上．若存在，求m的值；若不存在，说明理由．【分析】【分析问题】根据题意可知：该点的纵坐标为4，利用勾股定理，即可求出该点的横坐标，进而可得出点的坐标；【解决问题】设所描的点在半径为n（n为正整数）的同心圆上，则该点的纵坐标为（n﹣1），利用勾股定理可得出该点的坐标为（﹣，n﹣1）或（，n﹣1），结合点横、纵坐标间的关系，可得出该点在二次函数y＝x2﹣的图象上，进而可证出小明的猜想正确；【深度思考】设该点的坐标为（±，n﹣1），结合⊙M的圆心坐标，利用勾股定理，即可用含n 的代数式表示出m的值，再结合m，n均为正整数，即可得出m，n的值．【解答】【分析问题】解：根据题意，可知：所描的点在半径为5的同心圆上时，其纵坐标y＝5﹣1＝4，∵横坐标x＝±＝±3，∴点的坐标为（﹣3，4）或（3，4）．【解决问题】证明：设所描的点在半径为n（n为正整数）的同心圆上，则该点的纵坐标为（n﹣1），∴该点的横坐标为±＝±，∴该点的坐标为（﹣，n﹣1）或（，n﹣1）．∵（±）2＝2n﹣1，n﹣1＝，∴该点在二次函数y＝（x2﹣1）＝x2﹣的图象上，∴小明的猜想正确．【深度思考】解：设该点的坐标为（±，n﹣1），⊙M的圆心坐标为（0，m），∴＝m，∴m＝＝＝＝n﹣1+2+．又∵m，n均为正整数，∴n﹣1＝1，∴m＝1+2+1＝4，∴存在所描的点在⊙M上，m的值为4．10．（2022•遂宁）在平面直角坐标系中，如果一个点的横坐标与纵坐标互为相反数，则称该点为“黎点”．例如（﹣1，1），（2022，﹣2022）都是“黎点”．（1）求双曲线y＝上的“黎点”；（2）若抛物线y＝ax2﹣7x+c（a、c为常数）上有且只有一个“黎点”，当a＞1时，求c的取值范围．【分析】（1）设双曲线y＝上的“黎点”为（m，﹣m），构建方程求解即可；（2）抛物线y＝ax2﹣7x+c（a、c为常数）上有且只有一个“黎点”，推出方程ax2﹣7x+c＝﹣x有且只有一个解，即ax2﹣6x+c＝0，Δ＝36﹣4ac＝0，可得结论．【解析】（1）设双曲线y＝上的“黎点”为（m，﹣m），则有﹣m＝，∴m＝±3，经检验，m＝±3的分式方程的解，∴双曲线y＝上的“黎点”为（3，﹣3）或（﹣3，3）；（2）∵抛物线y＝ax2﹣7x+c（a、c为常数）上有且只有一个“黎点”，∴方程ax2﹣7x+c＝﹣x有且只有一个解，即ax2﹣6x+c＝0，Δ＝36﹣4ac＝0，∴ac＝9，∴a＝，∵a＞1，∴0＜c＜9．。

中考英语复习之阅读理解热点专项训练专题01 新时代条件下的劳动教育(解析版)

专题01 新时代条件下的劳动教育A（2022·山东聊城·二模）Teens will finally grow up some day, leaving their parents and facing the challenges in life alone, so they should learn basic life skills and form good working habits.The government has been trying to pay attention to the importance of hardworking spirit education（劳动教育）. But this has been overlooked in recent years. Many teens do not value（重视）the importance of working hard. There is a teenager girl named Nancy, she never helps out around the house. Once her mother was on vacation for a week, leaving her alone at home. When her mother came home from vacation, she could not find a clean dish or a clean shirt.Schools play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard. Primary and middle schools should provide students with hardworking spirit courses every week. To our joy, some schools have provided each class with a piece of field to plant their favorite vegetables. For example, No. 38 Middle School in Hefei, set up a 500-square-meter farm on an open platform （露天平台）of their teaching building. Each class are asked to grow and pick vegetables there.Parents should also encourage children to learn how to do chores at home. Teens should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tiding their rooms. The basic skills may help teens to solve the problems they will meet in the future.1．What does the underlined word “overlooked” mean in Chinese?A．强调B．忽视C．珍惜D．关注2．The example of Nancy in the second paragraph shows ________.A．Nancy is too busy to help out around the house B．Many teens do not value the importance of working hardC．Nancy’s parents don’t want her to help with chores at home D．Nancy is a hard-working girl 3．Which is not the life skill for students according to the passage?A．Playing computer games.B．Washing clothes.C．Cooking.D．Cleaning the bedroom.4．Which of the following is NOT true?A．Schools should teach students the value of working hard.B．Parents should encourage their children to do chores at home.C．The government never pays attention to hardworking spirit education.D．Some schools teach students how to grow vegetables.5．What is the title of the passage?A．Family education.B．School education.C．Hardworking spirit education.D．Doing housework.【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．C5．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

2024届新高考英语复习攻破新题：阅读理解(2.5分)01：题型精讲及解题技巧(1)

2023届新高考英语二轮复习攻破新题阅读理解（2.5分）01：题型精讲及解题技巧【考情分析】（一）核心素养高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求是，考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。

考生应能：理解主旨要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推断生词的词义；作出简单判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；理解作者的意图和态度；根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作重要词词语转换。

可用下图表示：（二）素材倾向（三）命题类型1、细节理解题细节理解题在高考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。

其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。

其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。

2、词义猜测题高考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。

词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。

要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。

3、推理判断题推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。

推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。

其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。

其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。

4、主旨大意题主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。

专题05 阅读理解D篇 (解析+词汇) -2024年1月浙江首考英语卷深度解析及变式训练 (解析版)

《2024年1月浙江首考英语卷深度解析及变式训练》专题05 阅读理解D篇(解析+词汇+变式+技巧+模拟) 解析版养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

关键词：说明文, 人与社会, 棉花糖测试, 心理测试, 信息轰炸, 抵御诱惑The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.32. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?A. Take an examination alone.B. Show respect for the researchers.C. Share their treats with others.D. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.33. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetitesB. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC. the rich food supply and our unchanged brainsD. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit34. What does the author suggest readers do?A. Absorb new information readily.B. Be selective information consumers.C. Use diverse information sources.D. Protect the information environment.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Eat Less, Read MoreB. The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC. The Later, the BetterD. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups【答案】32. D33. C34. B35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。

2021年新高考英语阅读理解之说明文(江苏专用) 解析Word版

2021年新高考英语阅读理解说明文考前押题解析版一、阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AFor many Covid patients with long-term symptoms, online support groups have been an invaluable resource.Several groups have thousands of members. In addition to connecting patients and advocating for better care, some groups are also launching their own research efforts or collaborating with researchers. Smaller groups have formed to focus on children or patients with specific symptoms, such as heart or neurological issues.Among the most active is Body Politic, a support group that started in late March as a small Instagram group chat. It now has more than 14, 000 sign-ups from people across the world and moved to Slack where it has organized into more than 50 channels on different topics.The group also launched a patient-led research arm, publishing its first survey in May and currently working on another one.Diana Berrent, a 46-year-old in Port Washington, N. Y. , founded Survivor Corps, a Facebook group and website, in late March after being diagnosed with Covid. Her original mission was to mobilize recovered Covid-19 patients to donate plasma.The group now has more than 110,000 members and has become an advocacy group for patients dealing with long-term symptoms. The group is working with researchers and lobbying for more long-term Covid care centers.Another popular support group is Long Haul Covid Fighters, which started on Facebook in April. Once it became clear that some Covid-19 patients weren't getting better even after three months, a second group formed in June for those earlier in their illness.“Each group is limited to about 5, 000 members," says Chelsea Alionar, a 37-year-old long Covid patient in Keizer, Ore. , and an administrator. Ms. Alionar says there are new plans for a third group as the number of patients grows.“Our mission is to provide support for those whose health has been affected by Covid- 19, to promote public awareness and education regarding lengthy Covid recovery, and to advocate for the medical, mental health, and social interests of long haul Covid survivors,"says Ms. Alionar.1．What do we know about Body Politic?A．It is the most active online support group.B．It has attracted Covid survivors all over the world.C．It has published its first survey in late March.D．It works on Instagram and Slack at the same time.2．What was Diana Berrent's initial intention of setting up Survivor Corps?A．To cure herself of a disease.B．To promote public awareness and education.C．To provide support to people who have survived Covid.D．To call on Covid survivors to contribute their plasma.3．What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?A．Each of the groups has at most 5,000 members.B．Chelsea Alionar has recovered from Covid-19.C．More online Covid support groups will be needed in the near future.D．The number of the people who suffer from Covid-19 is on the decrease.4．What is the passage mainly about?A．The task and responsibility of the online support groups.B．The support for the people suffering from Covid.C．The ways to deal with Covid-19 in the long term.D．The types of the online support.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了几个线上的新冠肺炎长期患者的互助组织。

新高考英语二轮复习：专题10 阅读理解“写作意图”题(含高考真题) 解析版

专题10阅读理解“写作意图”题（考情+技法+真题+模拟）解析版养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

【近年高考考情】1.（2023▪新高考I卷▪B篇）26题2.（2023▪浙江1月卷▪D篇）34题3.（2022▪新高考I卷▪C篇）28题4.（2020▪新高考卷▪C篇）31题【实用解题妙招】一、设问方式1.What’s the writer’s purpose in this text?2.The purpose of the writer to write the passage is __________.3.By telling the story of ..., the author intends to ________.二、实用妙招每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，这类问题要求考生在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

1. 主旨推断法。

写作意图与文章主旨密切相关，因此，解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样，用略读法，即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句，找到主题句，抓住文章主旨，然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。

议论文、新闻报道、说明文等，其主题句多在文首。

2. 文体推断法。

①应用文广告的目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等订阅或前往（to attract readers）。

②记叙文的目的是分享有趣的经历、告诉一个有趣的故事（to entertain readers）、或给读者某种启示。

③说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识（to inform readers），提出建议、劝告或呼吁有关部门给予重视。

新高考英语时文阅读精练(含中文翻译及答案解析)

新高考英语时文阅读精练（含中文翻译及答案解析）AThe new coronavirus (新冠病毒) is the third to have jumped from animals to humans in the 21st century. Here’s what we know about these modern viruses, how they have spread, and how public health systems have responded.A family of viruses that can also cause the common coldSARS, MERS, and Covid-19 are all infections caused by members of a group of viruses called coronaviruses. “Coronaviruses are a family of viruses which can cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals, typically illnesses related to breathing in humans,” explains S. Wesley Long. Three different coronaviruses cause up to a third of all cases of the common cold, he adds. Viruses that have never before been known to infect humans typically are more virulent, meaning they are more likely to make people sick. “When they make the jump to humans, our preexisting immunity (免疫力) is low,” explains Eric Cioe-Pena.Related but differentLike members of any extended family, MERS, SARS, and Covid-19 also have different personalities that affect how they behave in public. MERS had the highest death rate at about 35 percent, followed by SARS at 10 percent. So far, Covid-19 has the lowest death rate, currently estimated between 2 and 3 percent, says Dr. Long. But Covid-19 is transmitted between humans much more efficiently than either SARS or MERS, which helps explain why it has traveled so much faster than its two modern predecessors.What have we learned?Any new epidemic will disrupt public health systems, no matter how complicated. There are just too many unknowns. Covid-19 is moving so fast that public health officials are struggling to keep testing guidelines up to date. While researchers are making progress toward a vaccine (疫苗), we’re at least a year away from having one ready for public use. Some of the most basic strategies are still the most effective. Isolating sick patients at home, closing schools, and limiting travel can help slow the spread.1. What kind of disease can the coronavirus cause?A. Heart disease.B. Lung disease.C. Skin disease.D. Liver disease.2. What does the underlined word “virulent” mean?A. Deadly.B. Mild.C. Universal.D. Controllable.3. What is special about Covid-19?A. It can spread very quickly.B. Its death rate is the highest.C. It has the fewest infections.D. It is caused by coronavirus.4. What can we learn from the text?A. The vaccine can be put into use immediately.B. The virus will reduce the human body immunity.C. Human beings have a complete grasp of this virus.D. The three viruses have exactly the same characteristics.BThe Study Finding of Unused Drug DisposalAs of April 2019, 70% of the U.S. population now lives less than five miles from a permanent① drug disposal② collection site – however, most people are unaware of recommended disposal methods available within their communities or have not disposed of unused prescription③opioids in the past.In response to additional provisions④in legislation from 2018, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) was required to study proper disposal of unused pharmaceuticals⑤, particularly in relation to how patients dispose of unused prescription medications.In the study, the GAO found that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Drug Enforcement⑥Administration (DEA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) all recommend that patients dispose of unused prescription opioids by bringing them to DEA-registered collection sites or a DEA take back event. You can easily find registered⑦controlled substance public disposal locations using this resource from the U.S. Diversion Control Division.The GAO also recommended mail back methods as another solution for managing unwanted prescription drugs. For example, pre-paid medication envelopes can be distributed to patients and then discreetly⑧ shipped to an incineration⑨ location for proper disposal. Many of the solutions recommended in the study are services Stericycle Environmental Solutions already provides; our award-winning consumer drug take back solutions includes medication collection kiosks and Seal&Send medication mail back envelopes.If your local p harmacy, hospital or law enforcement office doesn’t have a year-round drug take back option available, mark the next Take Back Day (Oct. 26, 2019) on your calendar.CAs scientific meetings are cancelled worldwide, researchers are rethinking how they network—a move that should have done earlier. “At some point, we need to be having conversations about ‘What is the point of a conference now?’” says Sarah Hörst, a planetary (行星) scientist.Meeting spaces that are inaccessible (难以达到的) to some disabled scientists, health considerations, a lack of access to childcare and travel restrictions can all end up alienating (疏远) potential attendees from physical conferences. There’s a “large appetite” for alternative (可替代的) conference set-ups, says Divya Persaud, a planetary scientist. She and Eleanor Armstrong, a UCL sociologist of space science, have a grant from their university to hold an experimental virtual conference, called Space Science in Context, in May. The conference aims to improve accessibility. Participants will watch recorded talks ahead of time and then join in online conversations on the day of the conference. Persaud says that the response to plans for the meeting, which launched its save-the-date website last week, has been overwhelmingly positive. But she also points out that many of the adjustments that conferences are making — such as introducing virtual participation — are accommodations for which disabled scientists have been demanding loudly for years, and it’s a shame that it took a global health crisis to make them happen.Still, as conference organizers are finding out, making these changes — especially on short notice — is no easy thing. The European Geophysical Union (EGU) general conference is scheduled for 3–8 May in Vienna, and session leaders are making other plans in case it is cancelled. Those intending to participate in the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference this weekin The Woodlands, Texas, found that they are trying to come up with alternative solutions when that conference was cancelled on 4 March. “Most of the responses were just ‘Well, have the conference online,’” says Hörst.1.Which of the following is NOT a potential attendee?A.Scientists without visas.B.Scientists who are not feeling well.C.Scientists with physical disabilities.D.Scientists who don’t understand childcare.2.What is the public’s attitude towards online conference?A.Uncertain.B. Supportive.C. Disappointed.D. Dissatisfied.3. Why does the second paragraph take Space Science in Context as an example?A. To show that modern technology can realize conference online.B. To prove that virtual conferences can make more people involved.C. To praise the conference organizing ability of these two scientists.D. To emphasize that the previous physical meetings were unsuccessful.4. Where would this passage most probably appear?A. In a guidebook for tourists.B. In a weekly story magazine.C. In science channel of a website.D. On the front page of a newspaper.DThe New Dinner and a MovieDinner and a movie was a two-part affair. But increasingly, the two have merged into①a single experience, allowing moviegoers to get fries and a beer while they watch the latest superhero blockbuster②. Full-service theaters have become a Friday-night pastime as American as well, going to the movies.Dine-in cinemas are not altogether new. In the late 1980s, brothers Mike and Brian McMenamin opened one in Portland, Ore. A decade later, inspired by the McMenamins, Tim and Karrie League began pairing trendy beer with hits like The Craft at the Alamo Drafthouse in Austin. But in recent years, the trend has expanded from niche to mainstream. There are now 29 Alamo locations nationwide, from Omaha to El Paso.Full-service theaters appeal to③ a broader, more regionally diverse customer base. At Movie Tavern in Roswell, Ga., for instance, you can order popcorn shrimp and a “Jumbo Jar” margarita while watching Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle. AMC, the biggest U.S. movie-theater company, launched Dine-In, where meals can be ordered with the push of a button. IPic Theaters offers something akin④ to a first-class flying experience，minus the turbulence: leather reclining chairs and a menu developed by a James Beard Award-winning chef.The rise in full-service moviegoing coincides with⑤ declining ticket sales across the industry more broadly. North American movie attendance in 2017 plunged to⑥what appears to be a 27-year low. The downward tendency is the continuation of a 15-year trend. Between the glut⑦ of uninspired reboots hitting theaters, younger audiences choosing to consume content on their s martphones and the dramatic rise in the popularity of streaming, it’s no wonder⑧that theater owners are seeking creative ways to lure customers off their couches. It’s working: despite a 2% decline in movie attendance over four years, AMC Dine-In achieved 4% growth in just two.Full-service theaters are not without their detractors⑨. Some prefer to eat post-movie for a chance to discuss what they’ve just watched. And others want to eat before watching the movies. Many people find that they will be hungry i f they don’t eat anything before watching the movies. So it’s very hard for every person to enjoy it.But for those with the funds, the full-service theater offers reason enough to quit online movies.EHow big should a business team be? It is an enormously important issue for companies. Teams that are too small may lack the skills required to get the job done; teams that are too bigmay be impossible to co-ordinate.Startups are often short of staff. The founders must play a host of different roles, from obtaining finance to product development and marketing, for which they may not be equally suited. But the upside is that they can have highly collaborative working environments.People who have worked for startups say the culture changes when the company reaches a certain size. Patty McCord, formerly of Netflix, referred to the “stand-on-a-chair number”—the biggest group that can easily hear the boss address them.Robin Dunbar, an anthropologist at Oxford University, has done a lot of work on groups. His argument is that the size of the group is linked to the size of the brain. With their large brains, humans can cope with larger bands. A larger social group has many advantages, allowing for greater protection and specialization.Whereas 150 is sometimes referred to as the “Dunbar number” (邓巴数), the academic himself in fact refers to a range of figures. He observes that humans tend to have five intimate friends, 15 or so good friends, around 50 social friends and 150-odd acquaintances.Small work teams may also tend towards these two size ranges. “If you want a committee to decide something, limit it to four to five people,” says Mr Dunbar. “But to brainstorm in a meeting, you need 12-15.” Many companies use “agile” teams which draw employees from across the company; they tend to have between five and nine members.The modern company may settle on a model with a small group of “core” workers and a larger group of contract workers. The result may be more cohesion within the core staff but the non-core staff may be less well treated. The small core teams may work effectively. The big question will be the effect on morale of those outside those teams.1. What is the probable disadvantage of large company?A. Hard to co-ordinate.B. Lack of protection.C. Impossible to specialization.D. Less communication.2. What does “stand-on-a-chair number” mean in Paragraph 3?A. The number of people who stand on the chair.B. The largest group who can have a talk with boss easily.C. The fewest people that company should hire.D. The most members that company can manage efficiently.3. How many people does Mr Dunbar suggest to be in the group if the boss wants a brainstorm?A. 5.B. 14.C. 50.D. 150.4. What is the best title for the text?A. The Advantages of Big CompanyB. The Advantages of Small CompanyC. The Modern Company ModeD. The Best Number of Workers for CompanyA【答案】1-4 BAAB【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了21世纪从动物传染给人类的三种病毒（SARS, MERS 和Covid-19）的相关知识。

新课标高考英语阅读理解细节理解主旨大意归纳法解题附带答案

高三英语阅读理解---主旨大意〔查找、归纳法〕解题导入：高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解局部考纲要求：阅读局部要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：〔1〕理解主旨要义；〔2〕理解文中具体信息；〔3〕根据上下文推断单词与短语的含义；〔4〕做出判断与推理；〔5〕理解文章的根本构造；〔6〕理解作者的意图、观点与态度。

高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜想题、主旨大意题。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts〔文章中客观存在的事实，客观题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到，即文中的具体事实或者抽象概念。

〕与主观理解题〔Opinions〕〔这类问题不可能直接从原文中找到答案，需要通过阅读文章对文章主旨与深层含义有更深的理解，并据此进展判断与推理。

〕今天主要处理的是主旨大意〔归纳法〕解题。

阅读策略：主旨大意〔查找、归纳法〕解题一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。

这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括，此句叫主题句，这类题主要考察读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、写作特点的能力。

一般说来说明文与议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。

但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句，在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的根底上自己归纳总结。

主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性与概括性，文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步的解释、说明、论证或拓展。

常见的主旨大意题的考察形式：The text is mainly about ____.The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______.What would be the best title /headline for the textThis article mainly tells about the story of ____.What is the topic of the textThe subject discussed in this text is ____.What does the second paragraph discussThe paragraph (passage) deals with _____.What is mainly discussed in the text主旨大意范例1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious.The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded.We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same timewe are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.2. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.The topic sentence of the paragraph is________________ 3. Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating,and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves workingwith her hands, and his hobby is gardening.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.4. Going green seems to be fad(时尚)for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can’t really say, but for the tow of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April22, 2021, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.What might be the best title for the passage A．Going Green. B．Protecting the Planet.C．Keeping Open-Minded D．Celebrating Our Green Year.5. 自己需要归纳总结类的主旨类阅读理解Everyone’s at it, even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn’t done aneBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖).Buying for beginners: Sign up on ehay. co. uk. Most items (e. g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with “Buy It Now〞and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item.How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card (信用).Selling made simple: If you plan to sell on eBay, it helps to include a picture of the item. I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekendsto bid.The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture is a big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.What is the passage mainly aboutA. How to make payment online.B. Ways of making delivery onlineC. Advantages of an online-auction system.D. How to use an online-auction system.第三局部主旨类解题归纳总结(一)经历总结: 1.把握逻辑构造，提高这方面的能力对于阅读议论文或说明文尤为重要，在此类文章中常用某个细节来引出题目从而进展议论，在议论的过程中可能会出现一些论据或细节描述，这局部常被设置为此类试题的干扰项。

专题04 阅读理解新闻类(解析版)-五年(2017-2021)高考英语真题分项汇编(浙江专用)

五年（2017-2021）高考英语真题分项汇编（浙江专用）阅读理解·新闻类1.（2019年6月，浙江高考）Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said. “There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.” Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days,” he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”1.What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Money spent without hesitation.B.Money not legally made.C.Money offered without conditions.D.Money not tied together.2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?A.Women tended to be more sociable.B.The activity attracted various people.C.Economic problems were getting worse.D.Young couples needed financial assistance.3.Why did Bridges carry out the project?A.To do a test on people’s morals.B.To raise money for his company.C.To earn himself a good reputation.D.To promote kindness and sympathy.【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。

超实用高考英语复习：专题04 阅读理解之说明文02-(解析版)

9. What did Dr Runkle find out?
A. The workforce was ageing rapidly.
B. Wearable heat sensors lacked great accuracy.
C. Employers attached little importance to heat exhaustion.
【精选真题01】
（2022·河南中原名校联考）
Heat can kill. It lowers a worker’s ability to concentrate and leads to notable increases in workplace injuries, research suggests.
D. How Were Body Temperature Monitors Invented?
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术。
【解析】
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat.(户外工作人员，尤其是建筑业和农业行业的工作人员，受高温影响最大。)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“即使是世界上最健康的人也容易受影响，就像奥运会运动员在东京的高温中倒下一样”，划线词impressionable的意思是“容易受影响”，和Easily influenced意思相近，故选C。
B. To show their employers are responsible.

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新型阅读理解题解析
随着任务型教学法的开展，近年来各地中考试题中出现了任务型阅读理解题。

该题型改变了传统阅读理解题形式单调的现象，体现了新课程改革的精神。

下面我们一起来看一道2013年中考试题中比较新颖的任务型阅读理解题。

（2013年温州卷）王瑶打算去参观伦敦国家大剧院并观看演出。

以下是她问的五个与剧院有关的问题（56-60，保留原题号），请从剧院信息栏A-F六条信息中找出相应的内容回答她的问题（其中一项为多余项）。

56. Where is the National Theatre？
57. When is the theatre open？
58. What can I do at the theatre？
59. How can I book tickets？
60. How do I collect my tickets？
Information for First Time Visitors
A. You can collect your tickets from the box officers in the building or from the ticket collection machines. You will need to bring the card you made the booking with to collect your tickets.
B. Mondays to Saturdays， 9：30 am to 11：00 pm. We open later on bank holidays， usually from 4：00 pm，
and we also open from noon to 6：00 pm on Sundays.
C. Tickets can be booked online at ， by phone（020-7452-3000）， or in person at the box office on the ground floor. Telephone and in person booking are available between 9：30 am and 8：00 pm.
D. The tickets prices can be different from show to show. The lowest ones for adults are usually ￡12 each. For those who are under 18， the tickets are cheaper―usually ￡8 each.
E. Besides seeing shows， you can attend talks，take backstage tours， see exhibitions， shop in the Bookshop， sit and relax in the cafes and restaurants in the main building to have a cup of coffee， a snack，lunch， or dinner.
F. On the South Bank， by the River Thames in London， next to the Southbank Centre and about half-way between the London Eye and Tate Modern.
所选文章题材真实可靠，内容贴近现代社会生活，富有时代气息，语言原汁原味。

这种类型的题目要求考生根据阅读材料中所提供的信息，找出与题意要求相匹配的选项。

旨在考查学生捕捉有效信息的能力和逻辑推理、判断的能
力。

形式包括：报刊标题与栏目匹配、段落与小标题匹配、图文匹配等。

它能够有效地测试考生的语言综合运用能力，是语言能力、智力和社会阅历三方面的有机结合。

解题有法，但无定法，一定要得法。

那么，该题型的解题思路是怎样的？
第一步：精读备选项，预测文章主题
通过精读备选项，可以了解阅读材料的背景、话题或主题，也可以预测文章的写作思路和基本结构。

以2013年温州卷为例，通过精读各备选项可以预测，文章主要讲述和国际大剧院有关的情况。

同时，文章结构也是重要的设题线索。

题目的几个选项分别表达了：国家大剧院的位置、开放的时间、功能、如何订票以及如何收藏国家大剧院的票。

第二步：快读阅读材料，概括各段主旨
带着对文章主题的预测来快速阅读材料，特别是要在阅读过程中，抓住每段的中心思想（通常情况下，每段文字的第一句话很关键，它往往是该段的主题句）。

然后，根据中心思想再概括出对应的关键词。

接着，再从提供的备选项中选择符合条件的内容。

例如：读完上文中的第一段材料后，可能感觉试题有点难，此时可以跳过该题。

第二段的主旨很明显，讲述的是国家大剧院的开放时间，可以快速得到第57题的答案是B。

第三段讲述如何订票，得到第59题的答案是C。

第四段主要讲述的是票价，但供选项却没有这一点，估
计是多余的那一项。

第五段讲述在大剧院中顾客可以做什么，从而可以确定第58题的答案是E。

第六段的主旨是国家大剧院的位置，所以，第56题的答案应该是F。

此时，还有A、D两项无法和第60题匹配，经过思考可以发现，D讲述的是票价，这和第60题无法匹配，可以排除，从而确定第60题的答案应该是A。

第三步：通读全部材料，最终敲定答案
快速对照“要求”和“条件”这一主要线索，把选出的答案和对应的材料再通读一遍，力争做到万无一失，确保答题的准确率。

在答题过程中，同学们还要注意以下几点：
一、遵循先易后难的解题顺序。

读一段，回头逐个扫描题干，选一个答案。

吻合的留下，不吻合的先放下。

切勿纠缠在某一个题目上，要综观全局。

例如：在解上题时，对绝大多数考生而言，A段有难度，很难一下子选出正确答案。

此时，先将该题放在一边，等将有把握的试题做好后，回头再做。

因为备选项的减少，可以降低解题的难度。

在这个时候，千万不能为了解题而凭感觉乱选，要知道这类试题的答案都是唯一的，万一做错，最少要错两道题。

二、快读时要依照题项信息，寻找匹配信息。

考生首先要读懂题项，抓住关键信息。

然后再带着所获关键信息，有针对性地寻找相关的匹配信息，对号入座，不必句句都读。

三、随时做好标记。

每读一段话，确定该题的答案后，最好将该选项从列表中画去，以免在以后的选择中干扰视线。

同时，也将相应的短文画去，减少阅读段落。

对于大多数考生而言，运用以上解题思路和技法，步步为营，可以有效地保障做题的准确率。

对于实力相对较好、追求高分的考生而言，可以采用通读所有题干，并且精准记忆各题干的关键词的方法，然后在扫读文章时能够及时对相关内容做出反应。