with结构的构成与用法

with结构的构成与用法

with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。

一、 with结构的构成

它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下：

1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词；

2. with或without-名词/代词+副词；

3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语；

4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式；

5. with或without-名词/代词 +动词ing形式。

6.. with或without-名词/代词 +过去分词。

下面分别举例：

1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）

3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语）

5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重

要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。

二、with结构的用法

在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示时间、条件、原因(前)方式，伴随（后）情况。

1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+

形容词，作伴随状语）

2、With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）

3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。

（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）

The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语） He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语）

5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard， shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）

1.表示伴随状况

She left the office with tears in her eyes.

她眼里含着泪，离开了办公室。

He was covered with a national flag with his face exposed.

一面国旗盖在他身上，脸露在外面。

2. 表示原因

With his key lost, he couldn”t get into the office.

由于钥匙丢了，他进不了办公室。

With the weather changed, we decided to put off the sports meet.

由于天气变化，我们决定推迟举行运动会

3. 表示时间

The children began to watch TV with the homework done.

孩子们完成作业以后开始看电视。

The meeting was over with the problem settled.

问题解决以后，会议结束了。

4. 表示条件

I’d like to see the new f ilm with time permitting.

如果时间许可，我想看那部新电影。

We will have an outing tomorrow with weather fine.

如果明天天气好的话，我们要去郊游。

5. 表示结果

The battle ended with the enemy defeated.

战斗结束了，敌人被打败了。

They have finished the peace talks with the agreements reached.

他们结束了和谈，达成了协议。

.With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如：

1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.

2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.

3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.

4.She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.

她看到一条两岸长着红花、绿草的小溪。

5.The woman with a baby in her arms is Tom”s aunt.

抱着小孩的那位妇女是汤姆的姑姑。

6.The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.

这位城市位于一个由高山环抱的山谷中。

7.Any man with eyes in his head can see that he”s exactly like a rope.

任何头上长了眼睛的人都会看出他十足像一条绳子

三、 with结构的特点