高考英语难点注意22

难点22 虚拟语气

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式。它用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议或是与事实相反的假设。

●难点磁场

1.(★★★★)Jane’s face suggested that she________ ill,and her parents suggested that she________ a medical examination.

A.be;should have

B.was;have

C.should be;had

D.was;has

2.(★★★★)You didn’t let me drive.If we________ in turn,you________ so tired.

A.drove;didn’t get

B.drove;wouldn’t get

C.were driving;wouldn’t get

D.had driven;wouldn’t have got

3.(★★★★)How I wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden. (上海春季)

A.has

B.had

C.will have

D.had had

●案例探究

1.I wish I ________ you yesterday.

A.seen

B.did see

C.had seen

D.were to see

知识依托：wish+宾语从句表示不可实现的愿望，译为“……就好了，但愿……”

错解分析：A、B、D项都不是跟过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构。

解题方法与技巧：掌握wish后宾语从句的三种谓语动词结构。

答案：C

2.I suggested that the meeting________ till tomorrow morning.

A.should put off

B.be put off

C.is put off

D.will put off

知识依托：suggest/arrange/demand/insist/order/require等动词后的宾语从句中谓语用（should)+动词原形。另外像advise/idea/order/demand/suggestion等词的表语从句和同位语从句，谓语动词也用（should)+动词原形。

错解分析：A项应用should be put off(会议被延期）。

C、D项都不符合虚拟语气结构。

答案:B

3.When a pencil is put in a glass of water,it looks as if it________.

A.breaks

B.has broken

C.were broken

D.had been broken

知识依托：如果从句与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would (might,could)+动词原形。”

Li Ming speaks English as if he were an Englishman.(与现在事实相反）

It looks as if it might rain.(与将来事实相反）

It seems as if Tom had travelled a lot in China before.(与过去事实相反）

错解分析：本句意思是：当把铅笔放在一杯水里的时候，它看起来就跟断了似的。（其实没断）与现在事实相反。故选C项。

解题方法与技巧：看when a pencil is put in…中谓语时态。

答案:C

●锦囊妙计

做好虚拟语气，除了掌握基本的结构外，还要注意句子所表达的意义与现在过去，还是将来事实相反，看清时间状语，另外还要注意在其他结构中虚拟语气的运用。

1.在主语从句中谓语动词的虚拟语气结构为：“should+动词原形”表示惊奇，不相信，惋惜等。

例：It is advisable/important/natural/necessary that sb.(should)do

2.在It is time/high time that sb.should do sth.

或It is time that sb.did sth

3.would rather sb.+过去时，指现在或将来。

例：I’d rather Father were here now.

I’d rather they came here tomorrow.

4.But for…without短语译为“要不是……”，句子谓语也常用虚拟。

●歼灭难点训练

1.(★★★★)The doctor insisted that the patient________ up smoking.

A.would give

B.give

C.gives

D.gave

2.(★★★★★)________ some information,she could have answered the questions.

A.She had been given

B.If she was given

C.Had if she been given

D.Had she been given

3.(★★★★)Without electricity human life________ quite difficult today.

A.is

B.will be

C.would have been

D.would be

4.(★★★★)Everything will go on as usual as if________ happened.

A.nothing had

B.anything hadn’t

C.nothing was

D.anything was not

5.(★★★★)If only I________ their advice.

A.follow

B.will follow

C.have followed

D.had followed

6.(★★★★★)If you________ at school,you________a college student now.

A.had studied hard;would have been

B.should have studied hard;should have been

C.had studied hard;would be

C.would study hard;must have been

7.(★★★★)—He is a very brave man.

—Yes,I wish I________ his courage.

A.have

B.had

C.will have

D.would have

8.(★★★★)It was ordered that no parking________ allowed in front of the building.

A.is

B.be

C.was

D.would be

9.(★★★★)Don’t come today.I’d rather you________ tomorrow.

A.will come

e

es

D.came