2015年考研南开大学翻译硕士2010年211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案
【精品推荐】2015年考研英语真题及解析
2015年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)We have more genes in common with people we pick to be our friends than with strangers.Though not biologically related,friends are as"related"as fourth cousins, sharing about1%of genes.That is1a study publishedfrom the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has2.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted31932unique subjects which4pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The same people were used in both5.While1%may seem6,it is not so to a geneticist.As co-author of the study James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says,"Most people do not even 7t heir fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who8our kin."The team9developed a"friendship score"which can predict who will be your friend based on their genes.The study also found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity.Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain,for now.10,as the team suggests,it draws us11similar environments but there is more to it.There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that12us in choosing genetically similar friends13"functional kinship"of being friends with 14!One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving15than other genes.Studying this could help16why human evolution picked pace in the last30,000years,with social environment being a major17factor.The findings do not simply corroborate people's18to befriend those of similar et19backgrounds,say the researchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken to20that all subjects,friends and strangers were taken from the same population.The team also controlled the data to1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2.[A]defended[B]concluded[B]with[C]withdrawn[C]on[D]advised[D]by.[A]for.[A]compared.[A]tests[B]sought[B]objects[C]separated[C]samples[C]unreliable[C]seek[D]connected[D]examples[D]incredible[D]know.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected.[A]visit[B]miss.[A]resemble.[A]again[B]influence[B]also[C]favor[D]surpass[D]thus[C]instead[C]Likewise[C]from0.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[D]Perhaps[D]like1.[A]about2.[A]drive[B]to[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit3.[A]according to[B]rather than[C]regardless of[D]along with4.[A]chances5.[A]later[B]responses[B]slower[C]missions[C]faster[D]benefits[D]earlier6.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express[C]controllable[D]disruptive[C]arrangement[D]tendency7.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory8.[A]endeavor9.[A]political0.[A]see[B]decision[B]religious[B]show[C]ethnic[C]prove[D]economic[D]tellSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosingA,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted“kings don’t abdicate,they die in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.When public opinion is particularly polarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs can rise above“mere”politics and “embody”a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs’continuing popularity as heads of state.And so,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world,with10 kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for anon-controversial but respected public figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today——embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses(or helicopters).Even so,these are wealthy families who party with the international1%,and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come,it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy’s reputation with her rather ordinary(ifwell-heeled)granny style.The danger will come with Charles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world.He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service——as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows,it is kings,not republicans,who are the monarchy’s worst enemies. 21.According to the first two Paragraphs,King Juan Carlosof Spain________.[ [ [ [A]used to enjoy high public supportB]was unpopular among European royalsC]eased his relationship with his rivalsD]ended his reign in embarrassment22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly________.[ [ [ [A]owing to their undoubted and respectable statusB]to achieve a balance between tradition and realityC]to give voters more public figures to look up toD]due to their everlasting political embodiment23.Which of the following is shown to be odd,according to Paragraph4?[ [ [ [A]Aristocrats’excessive reliance on inherited wealth.B]The role of the nobility in modern democracies.C]The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.D]The nobility’s adherence to their privileges.24.The British royals“have most to fear”because Charles________.[ [ [ [A]takes a rough line on political issuesB]fails to change his lifestyle as advisedC]takes republicans as his potential alliesD]fails to adapt himself to his future role25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[ [ [ [A]Carlos,Glory and Disgrace CombinedB]Charles,Anxious to Succeed to the ThroneC]Carlos,a Lesson for All European MonarchsD]Charles,Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsText2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data?The Supreme Court will now considerwhether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling,particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.It is hard, the state argues,for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice.Enough of the implications are discernable,even obvious,so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police,lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to,say,going through a suspect’s purse.The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant.But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home.A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history,financial history,medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.The development of“cloud computing,”meanwhile,has made that exploration so much the easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy.But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life.Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case,stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing.In many cases,it would not be overly burdensome for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents.They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe,urgent circumstances,and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while waiting for a warrant.The court,though,may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole.New,disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections.Orin Kerr,a law professor,compares theexplosion and accessibility of digital information in the21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the20th:The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then;they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now. 26.The Supreme Court will work out whether,during an arrest,it is legitimate to______.[ [ [ [A]prevent suspects from deleting their phone contentsB]search for suspects’mobile phones without a warrantC]check suspects’phone contents without being authorizedD]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones27.The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of________.[ [ [ [A]disapprovalB]indifferenceC]toleranceD]cautiousness28.The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to________.[ [ [ [A]getting into one’s residenceB]handling one’s historical recordsC]scanning one’s correspondencesD]going through one’s wallet29.In Paragraph5and6,the author shows his concern that________.[ [ [ [A]principles are hard to be clearly expressedB]the court is giving police less room for actionC]citizens’privacy is not effectively protectedD]phones are used to store sensitive information30.Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that________.[ [ [ [A]the Constitution should be implemented flexiblyB]new technology requires reinterpretation of the ConstitutionC]California’s argument violates principles of the ConstitutionD]principles of the Constitution should never be alteredText3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today.The policy follows similar efforts from other journals,after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.“Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,”writes McNutt in an editorial.Working with the American Statistical Association,the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistic board of reviewing editors(SBoRE).Manuscript will beflagged upfor additional scrutiny by thejournal’s internal editors,or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers.The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change,McNutt said:“The creation of the‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”Giovanni Parmigiani,a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health,a member of the SBoRE group,says he expects the board to“play primarily an advisory role.”He agreed to join because he“found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel,unique and likely to have a lasting impact.This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself,but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”John Ioannidis,a physician who studies research methodology,says that the policy is“a most welcome step forward”and“long overdue.”“Most journals are weak in statistical review,and this damages the quality of what they publish.I think that,for the majority of scientific papers nowadays,statistical review is more essential than expert review,”he says.But he noted that biomedical journals such asAnnals of Internal Medicine,the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data,but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research,according to David Vaux,a cell biologist.Researchers should improve their standards,he wrote in2012,but journals should also take a tougher line,“engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.”Vaux says thatScience’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians“has some merit,but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the papers that need scrutiny’in the first place”.31.It can be learned from Paragraph1that________.[ [ [ [A]Science intends to simplify its peer-review processB]journals are strengthening their statistical checksC]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysisD]lack of data analysis is common in research projects32.The phrase“flagged up”(Para.2)is the closest in meaning to________.[ [ [ [A]foundB]markedC]revisedD]stored33.Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may________.[ [ [ [A]pose a threat to all its peersB]meet with strong oppositionC]increase Science’s circulationD]set an example for other journals34.David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now________.[ [ [ [A]adds to researchers’workloadB]diminishes the role of reviewersC]has room for further improvementD]is to fail in the foreseeable future35.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[ [ [ [A]Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB]Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC]Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors’DesksD]Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText4Two years ago,Rupert Murdoch’s daughter,Elisabeth,spoke of the“unsettling dearth of integrity acrossso many of our institutions.”Integrity had collapsed,she argued,because of a collective acceptance that the only“sorting mechanism”in society should be profit and the market.But“it’s us,human beings,we the people who create the society we want,not profit.”Driving her point home,she continued:“It’s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose,of a moral language within government,media or business could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom.”This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International,she thought,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.As the hacking trial concludes——finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World,Andy Coulson,for conspiring to hack phones,and finding his predecessor,Rebekah Brooks,innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands,Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to5,500people.This is hacking on an industrial scale,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,the man hired by the News of the World in2001to be the point person for phone hacking.Others await trial.This long story still unfolds.In many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today’s world,it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run.Perhaps we should not be so surprised.For a generation,the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.The words that have mattered are efficiency,flexibility, shareholder value,business–friendly,wealth generation,sales,impact and,in newspapers,circulation.Words degraded to the margin have been justice,fairness,tolerance,proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding,to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.MsBrooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,but she asked no questions,gave no instructions—nor received traceable,recorded answers.36.According to the first two paragraphs,Elisabeth was upset by________.[ [ [ [A]the consequences of the current sorting mechanismB]companies’financial loss due to immoral practicesC]governmental ineffectiveness on moral issuesD]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions37.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[ [ [ [A]Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crimeB]more journalists may be found guilty of phone hackingC]Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the chargeD]phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions38.The author believes the Rebekah Books’s defence________.[ [ [ [A]revealed a cunning personalityB]centered on trivial issuesC]was hardly convincingD]was part of a conspiracy39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows________.[ [ [ [A]generally distorted valuesB]unfair wealth distributionC]a marginalized lifestyleD]a rigid moral code40.Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[ [ [ [A]The quality of writing is of primary importance.B]Common humanity is central to news reporting.C]Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.D]Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)How does your reading proceed?Clearly you try to comprehend,in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them,drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41)_______.You begin to infer a context for the text,for instance,by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved.Who is making the utterance,to whom,when and where？The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension.But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving.You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)_______Conceived in this way,comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader.What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute,fixed or“true”meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy,or some timeless relation of the text to the world.(43)_______Such background material inevitably reflects who we are.(44)_______.This doesn’t,however,make interpretation merely relative or even pointless.Precisely because readers from different historical periods,places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page---including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns---debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)_______.Such dimensions of reading suggest---as others introduced later in the book will also do---that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading.It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another.Ideally,different kinds of reading inform each other,and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another.Together,they make up the reading component of your overall literacy,or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A]Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course?Readingit simply for pleasure?Skimming it for information?Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B]Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading,our gender,ethnicity,age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C]If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms,you guess at their meaning,using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later,you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D]In effect,you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence,image or reference might have had:These might be the ones the author intended.[E]You make further inferences,for instance,about how the text may be significant to you,or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems,characters speak as constructs created by the author,not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.G]Rather,we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and [contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures(so especially its language structures)and various kinds of background,social knowledge,belief and attitude that we bring to the text.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Within the span of a hundred years,in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries,a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America.(46)This movement,driven by powerful and diverse motivations,built a nation out of a wilderness and,by its nature,shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.(47)The United States is the product of two principal forces—the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs,and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.Of necessity,colonial America was a projection of Europe.Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.(48)But,the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America,the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another,and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw,new continent caused significant changes.These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible.But the result was a new social pattern which,although it resembled European society in many ways,had a character that was distinctly American.(49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America.In the meantime,thriving Spanish colonies had been established inMexico,the West Indies,and South America.These travelers to North America came in small,unmercifully overcrowded craft.During their six-to twelve-week voyage,they survived on barely enough food allotted to them.Many of the ships were lost in storms,many passengers died of disease,and infants rarely survived the journey.Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course,and often calm brought unbearably long delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.Said one recorder of events,“The air at twelve leagues’distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.”The colonists’first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.Here was abundant fuel and lumber.Here was the raw material of houses and furniture,ships and potash,dyes and naval stores. Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:You are going to host a club reading session.Write an email of about100words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e Li Ming instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay you should1 2 3)describe the drawing briefly)explain its intended meaning,and )give your commentsYou should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)手机时代的聚会2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语一）解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文选自2014年7月15日International Business Times上一篇题为“DNA of Friendship:Study Finds Weare Genetically Linked to Our Friends”（DNA友谊：研究发现我们在基因上和我们的朋友有着千丝万缕的联系）的文章。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研真题
2015年南开MTI真题回忆翻译硕士英语作文：My View on Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection阅读理解：第一篇关于美国school disintegration，第二篇关于某处坟墓的；第三篇和第四篇都是简答题，分别关于scientific research和working longer。
英语翻译基础Noah’s ArkCosta RicaFree Trade Area of the Asia-PacificScottish Independence ReferendumImmigrant Investor ProgramZero toleranceCyberpowerEuropean Monetary IntegrationCarpoolingAnti-apartheid iconAir defense identification zoneResidence permitInformation sovereigntyMutual visa-exemption agreementIssue price高架公路外来物种公益大使双轨思路中期选举独立董事联合声明仪仗队周边外交亚太经合组织清明节期货交易考勤制度过度开垦个人质押贷款段落翻译：英译汉：worker compensation law汉译英：丝绸之路汉语写作与百科知识：名词解释：1、中日四点原则共识钓鱼岛东海防空识别区2、埃博拉病毒西非WHO3、国学西学梁启超陈独秀鲁迅胡适4、依法治国小康社会中国梦5、亚太经合组织经济一体化6、动车组子公司7、知识产权商标8、一带一路欧亚经济联盟9、索契冬奥会俄罗斯应用文写作：关注留守儿童的倡议书，不少于450字。
大作文：对发展经济和保护生态的关系，写一篇不少于800字的议论文。
（1）一般而言，每篇阅读理解只讲一个主题，阅读时应通过段落主题句把握中心。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研英语翻译基础考研真题及答案解析
汉译英：丝绸之路
专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧，虽然每个考生的专业不同，但是 在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。以下就是针对考研专业课的一些十分重要的复习方 法和技巧。
一、专业课考试的方法论对于报考本专业的考生来说，由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基 础和知识储备，相对会比较容易进入状态。但是，这类考生最容易产生轻敌的心理，因此也 需要对该学科能有一个清楚的认识，做到知己知彼。
第二轮复习：每年的 9 月—12 月中旬这个时段属于专业课的加固阶段。第一轮复习后 总会有许多问题沉淀下来，这时最好能够一一解决，以防后患。对于考生来说，这 4 个月是 专业知识急剧累积的阶段，也是最为繁忙劳累的时候。
在专业课复习上，这段时间应该主要看近年的学术期刊以及一些重要的学术专著，边看 书边做读书笔记，并整理以前的听课笔记。一项这是十分重要的工作，因为复习的重点会往 公共课上倾斜，专业课复习所占的时间也会缩短。此时需要注意本年度涉及所考专业的热点 问题。
其实考研不一定要天天都埋头苦干或者从早到晚一直看书，关键的是复习效率。要在持 之以恒的基础上有张有弛。具体复习时间则因人而异。一般来说，考生应该做到平均一周有 一天的放松时间。
四门课中，专业课（数学也属于专业课）占了 300 分，是考生考入名校的关键，这 300 分最能拉开层次。例如，专业课考试中，分值最低的一道名词解释一般也有 4 分或者更多， 而其他专业课大题更是动辄十几分，甚至几十分，所以在时间分配上自然也应该适当地向专 业课倾斜。根据我们的经验，专业课的复习应该以四轮复习为最佳，所以考生在备考的时候 有必要结合下面的内容合理地安排自己的时间：第一轮复习：每年的 2 月—8 月底这段时间 是整个专业复习的黄金时间，因为在复习过程遇到不懂的难题可以尽早地寻求帮助得到解 决。这半年的时间相对来说也是整个专业复习压力最小、最清闲的时段。考生不必要在这个 时期就开始紧张。
南开大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
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目 录2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）2015年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2013年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2010年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）一、英汉互译1．ISO【答案】国际标准化组织2．document against acceptance【答案】承兑交单3．nuclear disarmament【答案】核裁军4．overhead pedestrian walk【答案】天桥5．US federal reserve system【答案】美国联邦储备系统6．alma mater【答案】母校7．leap year【答案】闰年8．plead innocent【答案】无罪答辩9．B/L【答案】海上运输提单10．WHO【答案】世界卫生组织11．紫外线【答案】ultraviolet ray12．食品添加剂【答案】food additives13．摩擦系数【答案】friction coefficient14．亚洲基础设施投资银行【答案】Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank 15．驾驶证【答案】driver license16．民用工业【答案】civil industry17．农历【答案】lunar calendar18．常备军【答案】standing army19．大众传播【答案】Mass Communication20．室内装饰【答案】interior decoration二、段落翻译英译汉：关于戴安娜王妃的简略评价以及穿插了一点查尔斯王子的内容；汉译英：是散文，讲节日的真正含义（把平日因工作和利害关系而分开的人们重聚在一起享受真正的节日）。
2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．Many Americans think a national committee should be formed to discuss ______ to existing mass transit system.A．alterationsB．alternationsC．attendantsD．alternatives正确答案：A解析：alterations变更，修改。
alternations间隔；轮流，交替。
attendants出席者；随从。
alternatives选择；供选择的东西。
2．Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on ______ for two months.A．pileB．segmentC．sequenceD．file正确答案：D解析：file文件；档案。
on file存档，记录下来备查。
pile大量；一堆。
segment 部分；切片；部门；线段。
sequence序列；顺序。
3．The oxygen equipment made it possible for the climbers to rest and sleep at very high ______.A．latitudeB．altitudeC．levelD．hemisphere正确答案：B解析：altitude高度；高处；海拔。
latitude纬度，纬度地区。
level水平；标准。
hemisphere半球。
2015年考研南开大学翻译硕士历年录取情况考研真题解析复试线
1/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】1育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校王老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校王老师。
2/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】22015年考研南开大学翻译硕士历年录取情况考研真题解析复试线三、近两年录取情况2012年具体情况翻译硕士（英语笔译、英语口译）排名排名姓名考生编号总分复试成绩录取成绩专业名称1宋亚男10055200000244642288.686.08英语笔译2杨杨10055200000245940291.284.72英语笔译3封琳10055233331431040789.684.68英语笔译4王静10055200000245040290.884.56英语笔译5卓雅慧1005523333082124318284.52英语笔译6崔媛媛10055233330985839991.684.52英语笔译7李梅杰10055200000243639589.683.24英语笔译8辛同10055233331365740186.882.84英语笔译9方如10055233330510839189.482.68英语笔译10王学风10055233331194340784.282.52英语笔译11陈友珠10055233331115639685.681.76英语笔译12杨超10055200000245639585.881.72英语笔译13杨津10055200000245739186.681.56英语笔译14左平10055233330521440582.481.56英语笔译15赵尹10055200000250139185.281英语笔译16吴越扬1005523333171173888680.96英语笔译17王敏10055200000245137689.480.88英语笔译18吴月静1005520000024553978380.84英语笔译19侯翼霞10055233330794239383.880.68英语笔译20宋晓琪10055200000244537288.680.08英语笔译21刘振10055233331431139282.480英语笔译3/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】3凤22方浩10055233331002437087.879.52英语笔译23李雪琳10055200000243736888.479.52英语笔译24杨丽10055233331873136688.279.2英语笔译25金胜男10055233330530238282.878.96英语笔译26郭容励10055233330784437285.878.96英语笔译27王金鹏10055200000244936287.478.4英语笔译28牛荔10055233331054935987.478.04英语笔译29刘文婧10055233330645235886.477.52英语笔译30张楠10055233330704235287.677.28英语笔译31杨晓10055200000245839873.677.2英语笔译32王妮娜10055200000245236283.676.88英语笔译33宋博10055200000244436580.876.12英语笔译34孙爽10055200000244735981.275.56英语笔译35初雯琦10055200000243135680.474.88英语笔译36徐海波10055233331043836078.674.64英语笔译37曹晓禹1005520000024293537973.96英语笔译38平凡10055200000244235274.472英语笔译39舒通10055200000244338400英语笔译1张靖毓10055200000254642491.487.44英语口译2殷跃群10055200000254241587.884.92英语口译3刘济超10055233331304840490.284.56英语口译4刘成盼10055233331400342083.883.92英语口译5朱倩妮10055200000255039291.683.68英语口译6李靖10055233330784538392.883.08英语口译4/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】47杨波10055200000254138591.282.68英语口译8赵文娟10055200000254941282.282.32英语口译9刘秀玲1005523333119464217781.32英语口译10卢可10055200000252239085.480.96英语口译11赵帅1005520000025483978380.84英语口译12邓皞昊10055233331052540679.680.56英语口译13郭正10055200000250938385.880.28英语口译14马梦欣10055233330985941476.280.16英语口译15许静文10055200000253839482.280.16英语口译16冯皓10055233331815039481.880英语口译17纪晓琳1005523333133114057879.8英语口译18李明明10055233330874440079.279.68英语口译19马圣峰10055233331270639081.679.44英语口译20田越敏10055233331812038184.279.4英语口译21尤梦霜10055233331835539280.679.28英语口译22吕婷婷1005520000025243967979.12英语口译23董闯10055200000250538282.678.88英语口译24宋苑10055200000252739877.478.72英语口译25蒋婉10055200000251338580.678.44英语口译26宋衍一10055233330564538879.678.4英语口译27刘芳10055233331475139976.278.36英语口译28华豫江10055233330850338181.478.28英语口译29李欣10055200000251538978.678.12英语口译30张凯惠10055233331270740075.278.08英语口译31赵朝10055233331125638379.277.64英语口译5/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】5辉32姜瑞红10055233330982237681.277.6英语口译33李佳10055233331043939774.277.32英语口译34王孜10055233331835438876.677.2英语口译35刘霁莹10055200000251838177.876.84英语口译36崔子璇10055200000250438177.676.76英语口译37王冠10055200000253038974.676.52英语口译38席浪洁10055233331744140868.676.4英语口译39刘超1005523333133123857576.2英语口译40仇爽1005520000025033787675.76英语口译41叶晓萌1005523333090473767474.72英语口译42刘明10055233330545238370.474.12英语口译43王鸿智10055233331331338469.673.92英语口译44张婷婷10055233331422638967.273.56英语口译2013年具体情况：排名姓名考生编号总分复试成绩录取成绩专业名称1张丽10055300000512837991.482.04英语笔译2黄淇蔓10055300000505138786.881.16英语笔译3许骁10055333331624038786.481英语笔译4夏志10055300000511637388.880.28英语笔译5牛泽茜1005533333131213659079.8英语笔译6张炎10055333331312237685.279.2英语笔译7王斌10055300000511037784.679.08英语笔译8焦君涵10055300000505535789.478.6英语笔译9石艳冬10055333331800536187.278.2英语笔译10闫亚琳10055300000512136983.677.72英语笔译11张欣10055333331323335985.877.4英语笔译12贾鹏10055333331262236283.476.8英语笔译13李丽娟10055333331433336283.276.72英语笔译6/12【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】614李宁静10055333330553436581.876.52英语笔译15李丹10055333330960735983.476.44英语笔译16郭梅10055300000504635484.876.4英语笔译17桑浩然10055333331363736282.276.32英语笔译18高敏10055333330815635484.476.24英语笔译19杨爱玉10055300000512236379.475.32英语笔译20王荻秋10055333331061035182.675.16英语笔译21袁博10055300000512636079.875.12英语笔译22姜艳丽10055300000505435481.475.04英语笔译23冯洪媛10055333331512035678.674.16英语笔译24张佳佳10055333330761035476.673.12英语笔译25夏望玲1005533333055083627473.04英语笔译26严东海1005533333160233517672.52英语笔译考研政治每年平均分在4，50分，不是很高，政治取得高分除了靠记忆力还要有一定的技巧，今天我就考研政治中的一些答题技巧，来和同学们分享一下。
2015考研英语真题及答案完整版
2015考研英语真题及答案完整版[注意：以下正文仅为演示文章格式，并非真实的2015考研英语真题及答案]一、阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.At any given moment, you are aware of a zillion sensations—anything from the tightness of your shoes to the sound of an approaching bicycle bell. But your conscious mind notices only a fraction of what is going on. And that fraction is governed by criteria (标准) set up in consultation with an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system, which links to our emotions and our “gut feelings”.Those criteria assign priorities to sensory (感觉的) inputs. Hence you are aware of the nonstop assault on your eyes or your ears only when this input meets the criteria. The criteria change from person to person. If two people are walking in the countryside, one may notice the wildflowers, the other a military aircraft at 20,000 feet. When two photographers stand side by side, one may see a dramatic picture; the other a pile of stones.The differences are typically due not to differences in eyesight but to the ways the two photographers have programmed their minds to respond. I amnot talking about anything extraordinary or mystical (神秘的). Both brain researchers and police have noted that a very simple set of cues (暗示) can powerfully alter the selection of stimuli (刺激), determining what will be noticed—even in a highly emotional state like a fight. I once sat in on a training course for police officers who were being taught to shoot—make that taught how to shoot under stress. One of the most important lessons was that under duress (被迫), under time pressure, the brain reverts (回归) back to what it is most accustomed to. That is, in spite of long training and many repetitions, an officer will shoot in combat (格斗) the way he has always shot. If he brings no conscious control to bear on the selection of stimuli, the selection will be made by unconscious programs, resulting in a misidentification of the threatening object and the wrong action. The old rice-shooting Chinese soldier uses what he has always used—an eraser (橡皮擦) suddenly perceived as a grenade.1. The word “criteria” (in Paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to ______.A. emergenciesB. preferencesC. abilitiesD. emotions2. According to the passage, the fraction of what you are aware of is determined by ______.A. your gut feelingsB. your emotionsC. the military aircraftD. the nonstop assault3. As used in Paragraph 1, the word “assault” most probably means______.A. surprise attackB. forceful entryC. intense impactD. constant bombardment4. The passage suggests that the criteria determining what stimuli will be noticed may be influenced by ______.A. photographers’ eyesightB. the military aircraftC. the police training courseD. unconscious programs5. The passage gives an example where the brain’s selection of stimuli ina dangerous situation caused a police officer to ______.A. feel a strong emotionB. correctly identify a criminalC. take inappropriate actionD. learn a lesson about photographyPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.I once worked with a person who spent money generously (大方地) as soon as it came to him. He’d buy a new motorbike or a stereo system if he had money left in his bank account at the end of the month. “Why not?” he’d say cheerfully, “Money is for spending.” And so I’d get temporary delight for six months until my Chinese bank account ran dry.In researching our book, Happy Money, my coauthor Michael Norton and I set out to show how to get the most happiness for your dollar. We spent years reviewing the scientific literature on spending. What we found explains my coworker’s behavior. The very riches that most countries strive for are not making their citizens happier.A famous psychology study conducted in 1978 asked a group of people with spinal-cord injuries and a group of people without them about how happy they were, and how happy they expected to be in the future. The results surprised them: those with spinal-cord injuries expected to be less happy than they were, and those without them expected to be more happy than they were. The truth is that we have within us the capacity to adapt to our sights and our losses and to keep pursuing happiness.One in four lottery winners in Florida ends up bankrupt (破产)。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士英语口译考研真题及解析
（3）每个选项都应回原文定位，将它们与原文信息一一进行比较排除，不能通过
主观意向进行判断。
（4）注意这种题有时考查集中某一段的信息或具备共同的特征，所以做题时先对
6
6/7
比四个选项，找出共同点再回原文定位。 9、推理题 （1）标志：learn、infer、imply…… （2）关键：绝大多数答案是原文的中心或原文某句话的同义表达。正确答案与原
整体去理解。
快速作文法:针对两个选项难以分辨时，可以分别以这两个选项为作文题目，快速
构思两个写作提纲，所构思的写作提纲与原文大致相符者为正确答案，否则为干扰选项。
（4）阅读时要注意有时首段只可能是一个引言段，起抛砖引玉的作用，不要受首
段的干扰。
（5）错误干扰选项有两类：
局部信息：选项内容小于文章内容
（主观的）；biased（有偏见的）；puzzled（迷惑不解的）。
识别作者态度的方法：根据作者论述的主线及举例的方式进行判断；作者态度没有
明确提出时也可以通过文章中带有褒贬感情色彩的词进行判断。
作者态度一般与文章所表达的中心主旨大意相关联，做题时不能把自己的态度纳入
其中。而且要区分作者的态度和作者引用别人的态度。
Noah’s Ark Costa Rica Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific Scottish Independence Referendum Immigrant Investor Program Zero tolerance Cyberpower European Monetary Integration Carpooling Anti-apartheid icon Air defense identification zone Residence permit Information sovereignty Mutual visa-exemption agreement Issue price 高架公路 外来物种
南开大学2010年211英语翻译基础考研真题答案
1/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】1育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校王老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校王老师。
2/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】2南开大学2010年211英语翻译基础考研真题答案2010年南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题答案学院：外国语学院考试科目：英语翻译基础注意：请将所有答案写在专用答题纸上，答在此试题上无效！I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviartions or termino!ogy into their target language respectively.There are altogether 30items in this part of the test,15in English and 15in Chinese,with one point for each.(30')1.EU 欧盟2.FAO 联合国粮农组织3.L/C 信用证4.OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织5.POD pay on delivery 【商业】货到付款6.WTO 世界贸易组织7.NASA 美国航空航天局8.OPEC 石油输出国组织9.UNESCO 联合国教科文组织10.account balance 账户平衡II.automated teller machine 自动柜员机12.checks and balances 制衡13.installment plan 分期付款14.most-favored nation treatment 最惠国待遇15.bonded goods 保税货物16.报关customs clearance17.恶性循环vicious cycle18.节能energy-saving19.贸易顺差trade surplus20.优惠关税preferential duty21.购贷合同contract on purchase loans22.安检security check23.战略伙伴关系strategic partnership relationship24.安理会常任理事国permanent member of the UN security council25.关贸总协定general agreement tariff trade (GATT)26.自负盈亏be responsible for one’s own losses and profits27.政企分开separation of enterprise management from government functions3/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】328.液晶显示器LCD29.载人航天计划manned space program30.外向型经济export-oriented economy英译汉There are roughly three New Yorks.There is,first,the New York of the man or woman who was born here,who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable.Second,there is the New York of the commuter —the city that is devoured by locusts each day and spat out each night.Third,there is the New York of the person who was born somewhere else and came to New York in quest of something.Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last —the city of final destination,the city that is a goal.It is this third city that accounts for New York's high-strung disposition,its poetical deportment,its dedication to the arts,and its incomparable muters give the city its tidal restlessness,natives give it solidarity and continuity,but the settlers give it passion.And whether it is a farmer arriving from Italy to set up a small grocery store in a slum,or a young girl arriving from a small town in Mississippi to escape the indignity of being observed by her neighbors,or a boy arriving from the Corn Belt with a manuscript in his suitcase and a pain in his heart,it makes no difference:each embraces New York with the intense excitement of first love,each absorbs New York with the fresh eyes of an adventurer,each generates heat and light to dwarf the Consolidated Edison Company.The commuter is the queerest bird of all.The suburb he inhabits has no essential vitality of its own and is mere roost where he comes at day’s end to go to sleep.(280words)纽约人大体上有三类。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研资料--2014年英语翻译基础考研真题内部资料
【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校李老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校李老师。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研资料--2014年英语翻译基础考研真题内部资料2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研试题一、英汉词语互译1.CBD2.NYSE3.Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences4.Chicago Board of Trade5.Stakeholder6.Multi-polar world7.Economic aggregate8.GPS9.UNSECO10.An irrevocable letter of credit11.Shareholding system12.Extensive deforestation13.Sustainable development14.The effect of greenhouse gases15.Digital media16.技术传播17.全球价值链18.国际货币基金组织19.国有企业20.诚实守信21.碳排放22.虚拟经济23.准据法24.边际成本25.高速公路26.诺贝尔文学奖获得者27.金砖四国28.创意产业顾问29.另有说明除外30.石油输出国组织二、英译汉：关于人动物改造自然之类汉译英：经贸方面专业词汇比较多比如贸易盈余赤字之类【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】三、大作文老人摔倒众人围观无人相助发表自己的看法和建议考研政治每年平均分在4，50分，不是很高，政治取得高分除了靠记忆力还要有一定的技巧，今天我就考研政治中的一些答题技巧，来和同学们分享一下。
2010-2015年历年考研英语真题+答案
2015年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932 unique subjects which__(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now,_(10)_,as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there ismore_(11)_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similar friends_(13)_ functional Kinship of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain people s_(18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] s [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D] Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don t abdicate, they dare in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above mere politics and embody a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the mostmonarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for anon-controversial but respected public figure.Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history and sometimes the way they behave today embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchy s reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service asnon-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchy s worst enemies.21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[A] used turn enjoy high public support[B] was unpopular among European royals[C] cased his relationship with his rivals[D]ended his reign in embarrassment22. Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[A] owing to their undoubted and respectable status[B] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality[C] to give voter more public figures to look up to[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth[B] The role of the nobility in modern democracies[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families[D]The nobility s adherence to their privileges24. The British royals have most to fear because Charles[A] takes a rough line on political issues[B] fails to change his lifestyle as advised[C] takes republicans as his potential allies[D] fails to adapt himself to his future role25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?[A] Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined[B] Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne[C] Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs[D]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming ThreatsTEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Cpurt will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect s purse .The court has ruled that police don't violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or porcketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee s reading history ,financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow California s argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The author s attitude toward California s argument is one of[A] tolerance.[B] indifference.[C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring one s phone content is comparable to[A] getting into one s residence.[B] handing one s historical records.[C] scanning one s correspondences.[D] going through one s wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerr s comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)California s argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNutt announced today. The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal, writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (SBoRE). Manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal s internal editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer reviewers. The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these manus.Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: The creation of the statistics board was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.Giovanni Parmigiani, a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to play primarily an advisory role. He agreed to join because he found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only bethrough the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.31、It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32、The phrase flagged up (Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33、Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Science s circulation.[D]set an example for other journals34、David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchers worklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors DesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with ScienceText 4Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch s daughter ,Elisabeth ,spoke of the unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions Integrity had collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the only sorting mechanism in society should be profit and the market .But it s us ,human beings ,we the people who create the society we want ,not profit .Driving her point home, she continued: It s increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business could become one of the most dangerous foals for capitalism and freedom. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shield thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .As the hacking trial concludes finding guilty ones-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones ,and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge the winder issue of dearth of integrity still standstill, Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people .This is hacking on an industrial scale ,as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place .One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.In today s world, title has become normal that well paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have hadsuspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions nor received traceable, recorded answers.36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[A] the consequences of the current sorting mechanism[B] companies financial loss due to immoral practices.[C] governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.[D]the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A] Glem Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime[B] more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.[C] Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.[D] phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.38. The author believes the Rebekah Books s deference[A] revealed a cunning personality[B] centered on trivial issues[C] was hardly convincing[D] was part of a conspiracy39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[A] generally distorted values[B] unfair wealth distribution[C] a marginalized lifestyle[D] a rigid moral cote40. Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[A] The quality of writing is of primary importance.[B] Common humanity is central news reporting.[C] Moral awareness matters in exciting a newspaper.[D] Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.Part BDirectionsIn the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks .Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41)________You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved. Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)_________ Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or "true" meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of text to theworld.(43)_________Such background material inevitably reflects who we are.(44)_______This doesn`t, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page--including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns--debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it,(45)________Such dimensions of reading suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading. It doesn`t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, theymake up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading ,our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.[C] If you unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.[E] You make further inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration one of the great folk wanderings of history swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world.48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual andat first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and 16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. said one recorder of events, The air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden. The colonists first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:You are going to host a club reading session. Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club members.You should state reasons for your recommendation.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)一.Close test1、What2、Concluded3、On4、Compared5、Samples6、Insignificant7、Know8、Resemble9、Also10、Perhaps11、To12、Drive13、Ratherthan14、Benefits15、Faster16、understand17、Contributory18、Tendency19、Ethnic20、seeII Reading comprehensionPart AText 121. C ended his regin in embarrassment22. A owing to their undoubted and respectable status23. C the role of the nobility in modern democracy24. D fails to adapt himsself to his future role25. B Carlos, a lesson for all European MonarchiesText 226. B check suspect's phone contents without being authorized.27.C disapproval28.A getting into one's residence29. D citizens' privacy is not effectively protected30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution Text 331.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.C marked33. D set an example for other journals34. C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papersText 436. A the consequences of the current sorting mechanism37. B more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking38. C was hardly convincing39. A generally distorted values40. C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaperPart B41.C if you are unfamiliar...42.E you make further inferences...43.D Rather ,we ascribe meanings to...44.B factors such as...45.A are we studying that ...Part C46)在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
南开大学2015年翻译硕士考研经验分享考研真题参考书
1/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】1育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校王老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校王老师。
2/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】2南开大学2015年翻译硕士考研经验分享考研真题参考书今天刚从天津飞回来，顿觉时间过得好快呀，刚看到翻译论坛版块里面有同学发了笔译的复试贴，觉得也要赞赞人品，再加上脑子比较清晰，之前准备复试的时候感觉资料怎么可以这么少，所以一定要详详细细地说下复试情况，酱紫后来人可以省去n 多麻烦啦！1.时间~今年初试成绩照例跟着北京那边走，排在全国最后出分数，出分数之后不算太久，就公布了复试时间了，17号和18号复试，我参考了下去年的复试时间，觉得南开喜欢把复试时间放在专八之前，所以明年的筒子们可以参照专八时间大致估计复试时间的。
具体的时间的话呢，17号下午2:30开始，缴费90元，审核材料，抽签（第二天面试的顺序），开会通知事宜，4:00-5：30笔试；18号全天面试。
在此允许我吐个槽，我是最后面面试的，当时的老师们我一进去把我吓了一跳，都已经累得不行了，可是前面的同学很好呀，老师又是笑又是开玩笑的，谁说这个不会影响捏？而且在我回答正确的情况下提问的老师全程皱眉头，唉，我的心情啊！！！吐槽完毕，自求多福~2.内容笔试上一届以及上上一届的同学都告诉我说笔试不重要，个人分析的确不重要，因为一个半小时的题目让我们马不停蹄，一点思考的时间都没有呢，而且那么长，判起来不知道什么时候~但是考前还是不敢太放松，准备复试的童鞋可以多看看文章的，练笔的话个人觉得不用了，真的，多读读文章巩固下理解能力最好不过了，加之南开复试时间挺赶的，练笔也来不及呀~今年的复试笔试题目是三篇文章，前两篇英译汉，第一篇经济类（其实也没有那么纯经济啦，而且居然连IPO 都给你解释了，也就是通识经济吧顶多），讲的就是阿里巴巴上市什么的；第二篇是很时事的，马航事件，这个感觉很常见；第三篇就是汉译英，讲的就是翻译课程开设之类的。
2010年南开大学翻译I硕士考研真题汇总
2010年南开大学MTI硕士考研百科写作真题汇总各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。
百科写作·标准答案一、名词解释保护主义保护主义（protectionism）即以维护本国利益作为是否适用本国法律的依据；任何侵害了本国利益的人，不论其国籍和所在地域，都要受该国法律的追究。
世贸组织世界贸易组织（WTO）是1994年4月15日在摩洛哥的马拉喀什市举行的关贸总协定乌拉圭回合部长会议决定成立的全球性贸易组织，以取代成立于1947年的关贸总协定（GATT）。
金融危机又称作金融风暴（The Financial Crisis），指一个国家或几个国家与地区的全部或大部分金融指标的急剧、短暂和超周期的恶化。
气候变化气候变化是指气候平均状态随时间的变化，即气候平均状态和离差两者中的一个或两个一起出现了统计意义上的显著变化。
碳关税碳关税，这个概念最早由法国前总统希拉克提出，用意是希望欧盟国家应对未遵守《京都协定书》的国家课征商品进口税，2009年7月4日，中国政府明确表示反对碳关税。
产业结构调整产业结构调整包括产业结构合理化和高级化两个方面。
产业结构合理化是指各产业之间相互协调，有较强的产业结构转换能力和良好的适应性，能适应市场需求变化，并带来最佳效益的产业结构；产业结构高级化，又称为产业结构升级，是指产业结构系统从较低级形式向较高级形式的转化过程。
优化升级产业结构优化升级是产业结构合理化和高级化的统一。
节能减排节能减排有广义和狭义定义之分，广义而言，节能减排是指节约物质资源和能量资源，减少废弃物和环境有害物排放；狭义而言，节能减排是指节约能源和减少环境有害物排放。
企业兼并重组指在企业竞争中，一部分企业因为某些原因无法继续正常运行，考虑到员工等各方面利益，按照一定的程序进行的企业兼并和股权转让，从而实现企业的变型，达到企业重组的目的。
2015年南开大学英语语言文学考研真题及答案解析
育明教育天津分校分析：南开大学英语语言文学专业复试线每年都非常固定， 报录比随着报考人数有所减少，竞争有所下降，专业课所占分值最大，建议大 家在准备的过程中要注重专业课的复习，尤其要抓住考试的重点进行复习，育 明专注专业课辅导多年，更多考研信息可以随时关注育明官网或者咨询育明考 研天津分校高级咨询师王老师
把这些能够成为考题的东西挖掘出来，整理成问答的形式。 第二轮复习：每年的 9 月—12 月中旬这个时段属于专业课的加固阶段。第一轮复习后
总会有许多问题沉淀下来，这时最好能够一一解决，以防后患。对于考生来说，这 4 个月是 专业知识急剧累积的阶段，也是最为繁忙劳累的时候。
在专业课复习上，这段时间应该主要看近年的学术期刊以及一些重要的学术专著，边看 书边做读书笔记，并整理以前的听课笔记。一项这是十分重要的工作，因为复习的重点会往 公共课上倾斜，专业课复习所占的时间也会缩短。此时需要注意本年度涉及所考专业的热点 问题。
翻译
汉译英
1.气氛是重要的东西。我们必须先对文士的书室的布置，和它的一般的环境有了相当的认识， 方能了解他怎样在享受生活。第一，他们必须有共同享受这种生活的朋友，不同的享受须有 不同的朋友。和一个勤学而含愁思的朋友去骑马，即属引非其类，正如和一个不懂音乐的人 去欣赏一次音乐表演一般。因此，某中国作家曾说过： 赏花须结豪友，观妓须结淡友，登山须结逸友，泛舟须结旷友，对月须结冷友，待雪须结艳 友，捉酒须结韵友。
其实考研不一定要天天都埋头苦干或者从早到晚一直看书，关键的是复习效率。要在持 之以恒的基础上有张有弛。具体复习时间则因人而异。一般来说，考生应该做到平均一周有 一天的放松时间。
南开大学2011年MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题(完整版)
南开大学2011年翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷科目：211翻译硕士英语(专业学位)科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语专业领域：翻译硕士考生须知：答题必须使用黑(蓝)色墨水(圆珠)笔；不得在试题(草稿)纸上作答；凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分。
I. Vocabulary and Grammar(30 points，1 for each)Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part．For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C，and D．Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence．Then mark the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet．1．Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to education and professional skills so that women could enter the public world．A．prosecute B．acquire C．proclaim D．advocate2．Even if they are on sale，the refrigerators are equal in price to，if not more expensive thanat the other store．A．anyone B．the others C．the ones D．that3．Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious，as well as worldly，flame of reference．A．is to be analyzed B．has been analyzedC．be analyzed D．should have been analyzed4．Because we had eaten turkey on Thanksgiving for so many years，we never wondered whether some other dish might be an equally tasty ．A．alternative B．altercation C．alteration D．allusion5．The basic theory of government rests on the assumption that men have naturallyinterests．A．competitive B．conflicting C．contentions D．combative6．Most substances contract when they freeze so that the density of substance’s solid is of its liquid．A．than the higher density B．higher than the densityC．the density is higher than that D．the higher the density7．The bank is reported in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday．A．to be robbed B．robbed C．to have been robbed D. having been robbed 8．The terrified hunter，in the arms of a huge bear，fought desperately to loosen its grip.A．clutched B．clasped C．grasped D．seized9．Too much to X-rays can cause skin bums，cancer or other damage to the body．A．disclosure B．exhibition C．contact D．exposure10．Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning butslightly in the afternoon．A．recovered B．restored C．regained D．retained11．Women’s central role in managing natural resources and protecting the environment has been overlooked more often than it has been ．A．acknowledged B．emphasized C．memorized D．associated12．The neighbors became suspicious when they noticed that his car was for twoweeks．A．stationary B．stationery C．immobile D．unmoved13．During World War II the Allies suffered a long of defeats before they finally achieved victory．A．suppression B．compulsion C．succession D．compression14．The silk that spiders for their webs has a stretching strength superior to moat flexible products made by people．A．spin B．split C．spray D．spoil15．The English language contains a(n) of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation．A．altitude B．latitude C．magnitude D. scope，16．Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now．A．must have been B．would have been C．were D. would be17．The project requires more labor than because it is extremely difficult．A．has been put in B．have been put in C．being put in D. to be put in18．Joseph Was very lucky with his life；he almost did not get out of the room.A．to escape B. to have escaped C．to escaping D．to be escaping19．Henry forgot to bring his admission card with him he was allowed into the hall totake the examination．A．Moreover B．Certainly C．Consequently D．Nevertheless．20．The number of the people who cars increasing．A．owns，are B．owns，is C．own，is B．own，are21．Workers in this country ale getting higher wages while turning out poor products that do not the test of international competition．A．put up with B．stick with C．stand up to D．face away22．Several unpopular decisions the governor’s popularity．A．decayed B．diminished C．distorted D．dissolved23．Skilled technicians and advanced technologies enable us to build uncompromised quality into all our cars，because our first is bringing you pleasure for years to come．A．prestige B．benefit C. privilege D．priority24．A man’s is best when he can forget himself and any reputation he may have required and Can concentrate wholly on making the right decisions．A．anticipation B．acknowledgment C．expectation D．judgment25．Before the mechanic started work, I asked him to give an of the cost of repairing the roof of the car．A．assessment B．estimate C．announcement D．evaluation26．the English examination 1 would have gone to the concert last Sunday．A．In spite of B．But for C．Because of D．As for27．Gloves have been worn since prehistoric time for protection，for ornamentation，social status．A．and as an indication of B．for they indicate C．indicating D．to indicate and28．One study found that job applicants who make more eye contact are as more alert，dependable，confident and responsible．A．referred B．perceived C．recommended D．presumed29．The physical shape and coloring of many animals are the result of gradual to particular circumstances．A．modification B．variation C．application D．adaptation30．Over the centuries, various theories have been to explain the origin of alphabetic writing．A．advanced B．subjected C．released D．abandonedII．Reading Comprehension(40 points)Section One：Read and Make the Best Choice (20Points, 2 for each)Directions：There are two passages in this part．Each passage is followed by somag questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choicesmarked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet．Passage OneBill Clinton wrestles with the complexities of his economic plan，a surprising trend that could ultimately make life a lot easier for the new president may be developing．A handful of analysts believe that technology is beginning to help improve productivity in the service sector．If they are right，middle-class living standards which have stagnated for the past 20 years could start to improve．The service sector gets little attention in most popular discussions of America’s economic problems．Manufacturing，where US workers go head-to-head with foreign competitors，is supposed to be the crucial area；services，which are mostly sheltered from international competition，are regarded as secondary at best．If anything，the growth of the service sector is seen as a symptom of our manufacturing decline，as steelworkers lose their high-paying jobs and become minimum-wage hamburger flippers．But serious analysts know that it is our performance in services not manufacturing that is the bigger economic problem．In fact，US manufacturing performed reasonably well during the 1980s，with productivity growing at 2.9％per year．That was almost as fast as manufacturing productivity grew during the“good years”in 1950s and 1960s，and it was faster than productivity growth in most other advanced countries．So why didn’t we feel better? Because near stagnation in service productivity-growth at only about 1.0％annually—held our living standard down．Dominant service sector．The truth is that modern America is primarily a service economy．Currently，70％of US workers are in the service sector，versus only 20％in manufacturing．If we could eliminate our persistent trade deficits in manufacturing，the prosperity would shih，but only slightly：A rough estimate is that completely eliminating our current trade deficit would raise the share of manufacturing in employment by only about 0.5％．In other word，like it or not，most Americans will work in the service sector for the foreseeable future．That means，in turn，that the productivity of the US work force as a whole depends mostly on the productivity of service workers．But it is really possible to raise service productivity? Some service jobs，like housecleaning and hair cutting，seem resistant to technological change at least until we learn to build robot maids and barbers．In the past，however，we have seen major improvements in service productivity．During the 1950s and 1960s，for example，a linked set of technological and social changes-widespread availability of private cars and home refrigerators，the growth of supermarkets and an improved road system—led to huge increases in retail productivity．An earlier era saw a surge in office productivity because of such revolutionary innovations as typewriters，carbon paper and vertical file cabinets．Indeed the most significant Americanbusiness Success story of the late 20th century may well be Wal-Mart，which has applied extensive computerization and home-grown version of Japan’s“just-in-time”inventory methods to revolutionize retailing．Analysts like Stephen Roach of Morgan Stanley now believe that additional productivity gains in the office are possible．Computers，it seems, are finally being used to eliminate paperwork：back offices are shrinking，and corporate hierarchies are getting flatter．If you squint，you can see these micro changes starting to show up in the macro numbers．We are now officially a year and a half into an economic recovery，yet unemployment remains stubbornly high．One of the reasons for this lingering joblessness is that productivity is rising faster than expected，primarily in the service sector．If America eventually returns to full employment．the total economy could be bigger and more productive．Technology investment is helping to fuel these changes．Preliminary data show that while overall investment in this recovery is weak by historical standards，computer-related investment is soaring．It looks as if the service sector has decided that it now really knows how to make information technology work．Like any radical change，the coming revolution in service productivity will have its victims．Skilled weavers were impoverished by the power loom，and small food stores were savaged by the rise of the supermarket．This time，it’s the middle managers who will lose．The past recession took an unprecedented toll of skilled，white-collar workers，and many of these jobs may never come back．But most of America could benefit from rising service productivity in the 1990s and that would be welcome news for Bill Clinton．1．The passage suggests that the new trend of the rising service productivity may ．A．turn out a great help to President Clinton with his policy makingB．turn out a serious trouble to President Clinton with his policy makingC．have nothing to do with Clinton’s decision makingD. initiate Clinton to make some reform policies in economy2．The development of technology in the service sector is largely beneficial to ．A．top wealthy people B．average peopleC．middle managers D．skilled workers3．Which of the following statements illustrates that modern America is primarily a service economy? A．Service technology is developing fast.B．The demand of modern people for various services promotes the development of a service economy. C．The significance of manufacturing to the national economy has declined.D．High employment mainly depends on the development of the service industry．4．The author appreciates the development of manufacturing in the 1980s for the following reasons EXCEPT that ．A．US manufacturing productivity developed at a comparatively high speed in historyB．the US manufacturing industry is rather competent in the worldC．the growth speed of the US manufacturing industry is among the highest in the worldD．the growth speed of the service sector is not as fast as the manufacturing industry5．At present investors like to venture their money in all of the following EXCEPT ．A．information technology B．manufacturing industriesC．the service industry D．computer related productsPassage TwoThe evolution of intelligence among early large mammals of the grasslands was due in great measure to the interaction between two ecologically synchronized groups of these animals，the hunting carnivores and theherbivores that they hunted．The interaction resulting from the differences between predator and prey led to a general improvement in brain functions；however，certain components of intelligence were improved far more than others．The kind of intelligence favored by the interplay of increasingly smarter catchers and increasingly keener escapers is defined by attention—that aspect of mind carrying consciousness forward from one moment to the next. It ranges from a passive，free floating awareness to a highly focused，active fixation．The range through these states is mediated by the arousal system，a network of tracts converging from sensory systems to integrating centers in the brain stem．From the more relaxed to the more vigorous levels sensitivity to novelty is increased．The organism is, more awake，more vigilant；this increased vigilance results in the apprehension of ever more subtle signals as the organism becomes more sensitive to its surroundings．The processes of arousal and concentration give attention to its direction．Arousal is at first general，with a flooding of impulses in the brain stem；then gradually the activation is channeled．Thus begins concentration，the holding of consistent images．One meaning of intelligence is the way in which these images and other alertly searched information are used in the context of previous experience．Consciousness links past attention to the present and permits the integration of details with perceived ends and purposes．The elements of intelligence and consciousness come together marvelously to produce different styles in predator and prey．Herbivores and carnivores develop different kinds of attention related to escaping or chasing．Although in both kinds of animal，arousal stimulates the production of adrenaline and norepinephrine by the adrenal glands，the effect in herbivores is primarily fear，whereas in carnivores the effect is primarily aggression．For both，arousal attunes the animal to what is ahead．Perhaps it does not experience forethought as we know it，but the animal does experience something like it．The predator is searchingly aggressive，inner-directed，tuned by the nervous system and the adrenal hormones，but aware in a sense closer to human consciousness than，say，a hungry lizard’s instinctive snap at a passing beetle．Using past events ills a framework the large mammal predator is working out a relationship between movement and food，sensitive to possibilities in cold trails and distant sounds-and yesterday’s unforgotten lessons．The herbivore prey is of a different mind．Its mood of wariness rather than searching and its attitude of general expectancy instead of anticipating are silk-thin veils of tranquility over an explosive endocrine system．1．The author is primarily concerned with ．A．disproving the view that herbivores are less intelligent than carnivoresB．establishing a direct link between early large mammals and their modern counterpartsC．describing a relationship between animals’intelligence and their ecological rolesD．analyzing the ecological basis for the dominance of some carnivores over other carnivores2．The author refers to a hungry lizard (para 4)primarily in order to ．A．demonstrate the similarity between the hunting。
[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、名词解释1 historical linguistics2 coarticulation3 complementary distribution4 inflectional affix5 semantic broadening6 logical form7 psycholinguistics8 syllabus9 performative act10 interlanguage二、音标题11 The typical format of a phonological rule is given asA→B/X______YYou are required to write out the structural description(SD)and the structuralchange(SC)of the rule.12 Linking-r in British RPThe phenomenon of linking-r in British RP is illustrated by the data given below:You are required to develop an analysis into the phenomenon of linking-r, based on the data given above. Illustrate your analysis with the words bar and barring.(Hint: underlying representation and phonological rules are relevant to your analysis.)13 Each of the following columns illustrates a different morphological process in English:You are required to name the type of morphological process at work in Column 1, Column 2, Column 3 and Column 4, respectively.14 State the most obvious differences between compounds and verb phrases in English. Compounds Verb Phrasesfoot-warmers [I]warmed my feetman-eating [She]eats an applebrainwash [He was]washing disheshaircut [The boy]cuts a piece of paper三、简答题15 The following phrases include a head, a complement and(in some cases)a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree diagram with labels indicating these categories for each phrase.(1)[into the house]PP(3)[perhaps earned the money]VP (2)[full of mistakes]AP(4)[that argument with Owen]NP16 Give the deep structure of the sentence What can the boy sit on?, and transform the deep structure of the sentence into its surface structure, using two diagrams to demonstrate the process of transformation.17 The following sentences are semantically ambiguous:(A)Peter saw the lady when she was near the bank.(B)The captain met wealthy men and women.You are required to point out the source of semantic ambiguity for each sentence.18 If you ask somebody "Can you open the door?" and he answers "Yes" but does not actually do it, what would be your reaction? Why? Try to explain it in the light of Speech Act Theory.19 How do you understand the cancellability of conversational implicature?20 In what ways can linguistics contribute to language learning research?21 In your understanding what roles do corpus data play in language studies? Part V22 State about ONE of the two topics given below(minimally 200 words).The main features of generative linguistics.23 Linguistics ideas of special importance developed in the Prague School.。
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研复试经验,考研复试真题
2015年南开大学翻译硕士考研考研复试真题，复试经验南开大学排名公布时间是3月2日（排名公布后，参照学校拟招生人数和自己排名，就可知道自己有没有进入复试），复试时间是3月17、18日，考生在复试前需要上官网确认自己是否参加复试，并大概有两个星期的复试准备时间。
之前总听到这样一种声音，初试分数出来后，要根据往年国家分数线和学校分数线断定自己是否能进入复试，一个大概的标准是>380安全，360-380相对安全，350-360能进复试但危险，<350机会渺茫，当然，这只是大致的判断标准，不同的学校还要不同对待，例如对外经贸大学的MTI每年都会有很多高分，>400更是常见，但一些学校如四川大学等题目难度大，复试分数线相对较低，所以，判断自己能不能进入复试，既要看学校情况，又要看当年总体状况。
例如今年，政治总体难度较大，高分很少，再加上国家针对MTI有扩招趋势，所以今年国家线降至345分，很多学校都进行了扩招，南开就是一个典型，学校本计划应届招20名（除去推免），往届计划招18名，进入复试的应届生有46名，往届生18名，所以，往届生只要在复试时不出大问题，复试成绩及格，就可被录取，但应届生就不一样了，46进20，刷人刷的惊人！但学校在公布拟录取名单时突然决定应届生扩招至31名，增加了11个名额，这对于那11名同学来说无疑是天大的好消息，心情像过山车一样，一下跌至谷底，一下又冲上云霄，那种感觉估计今生都难以忘怀了吧！根据自己的情况，判断自己能否进入复试，需强调一点的是只要你能进入复试，就一定要抓住机会，认真准备，勇敢表现自己，因为复试短短几十分钟，什么事情都可能会发生！很多低分同学在复试中成功逆袭，也有很多高分同学在复试中表现不佳，名次降的惊人，甚至不幸落榜，所以，无论你是高分还是低分，只要进入了复试，都是一样的，不能因为你是高分就粗心大意，也不能因为你是低分就毫无信心，机会是靠自己争取和把握来的！当然，如果你不是非目标院校不上的话，在准备复试的过程中，还要积极关注其他院校的调剂信息，适时申请一下调剂，做两手准备，高分需如此，低分更需如此。
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1/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】1育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校王老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校王老师。
2/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】22015年考研南开大学翻译硕士2010年211翻译硕士英语考研真题答案2010年南开大学211翻译硕士英语卷答案I ：1-5DDBBB 6-10BACDC 11-15CDDCD 16-20CDACD21-25CBCCD 26-30CBCBBIII :SSecctiion one 1-5BCDAC 6--10DCABCSection one 1-5BCDAC 6-10DCABC Section twoPassage one::1.One that would preserve the natural rights to life,liberty,and the pursuit of happiness.A society has the right to overthrow any leader government,or external power that violates this democratic covenant2.It is Rousseau’s revolutionary educational achievement and marks the beginning of modern theories of developmental psychology.3.Emile’s contribution to education is as important as The Social Contract’s contribution to politics.They all have decisive and necessary functions.Passage two:4.American consumers lost confidence on their own economy and they felt that selling of American brands to foreign companies indicates the decline of American economy and is a shame.5.The wealthy people in the United States are not concerned about the economic well-being of their country but their own interest.They would transfer factories to Mexico to reduce cost rather than establishing them in US to provide more domestic job opportunities.IIII :SuccessLast week,our department held an English debate.The topic was what makes one succeed.Oneside argued that success came from careful planning,hard work and patience.Whereas the other side was convinced that success simply resulted from massive risk-taking and chances.I was neither a contestant nor a referee at that time.If I had been either of them,I would support the former because without them you could not have the basis of risk-taking,not to mention success.When it comes to success,there must be many preconditions.Success won’t come up without preparation.The lack of hard work can’t lead to success.For example,why authorities think they consider some actors have the potential and will be famous one day?It that because they got the chance?No,it is based on their perseverance and careful planning.Admittedly,nothing can replace chances or risk-taking,but they cannot shadow your preparation and perseverance.Chances and massive risk-taking can’t be isolated.They are connected with many preconditions:wide range of knowledge,perseverance hard working and so on,to name just a few.Indeed,as we all know,there are many well-known scientists in the world.Although one element of their success would be risk-taking or an accidental chance,the most decisive factor of their success are no other than careful planning,hark work and patience.The eminent scientist Thomas Edison had carried out more than 8000times experiments before he found the best material for filament.Did his success just come from his good luck to have this chance or the 8000times risk-taking?Imagine he was only a man who knew nothing about science of electricity,was he still able to succeed when the chance came?Definitely not.His intrinsic capital,say wisdom,perseverance and so on,is very essential to his success.As Edison said,Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent of perspiration.Chances and massive risk-taking only favor the ones who have sufficient preparation.The surest way to grasp opportunity and get success is to be ready when chances knock.When you are willing to do something,careful planning is indispensable.With it,your work would be more efficient.Then,with your hard working and perseverance,no matter how hard the problem or trouble is,you will not find it tough to deal with.Sufficient preparation can help you succeed.So far as I am concerned,obviously,success comes from careful planning,hark work and patience.3/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】3考研政治每年平均分在4，50分，不是很高，政治取得高分除了靠记忆力还要有一定的技巧，今天我就考研政治中的一些答题技巧，来和同学们分享一下。
选择题分值为50分。
其中单选题16道，满分16分;多选题17道，满分34分。
选择题由于考查范围广，涉及的知识点零散，这种题型很需要考生对教材和大纲有系统而熟练的掌握。
选择题中，多选题的难度较大，它是拉开政治分数的一个题型之一。
单项选择题政治单选是属于必得的高分题型。
而应对单选这种题型，考生在记忆相关概念时一定要明晰，不能模棱两可，尤其是容易混淆的概念，一定要注意区分。
而最能帮助考生区分的方法是适度的习题训练，通过练习来加强记忆和理解。
在得分方面，单选题总分值在16分，考生最好拿12分以上的分数。
解答单项选择题要掌握一定的技巧，掌握技巧的前提是形成正确的解题思路。
第一步是读懂题，审好题，准确把握题干的规定性。