研究生综合英语课后翻译答案

(Unit5)E TO C In this age of instantaneous communications,it has become harder to hide wrongdoings:corrupt officials and business-people are now exposed by private whistle-blowers,government leaks,aggrieved competitors,and investigative reporters.publicity is an important deterrent because corruption can terminate careers.during the past year alone,scandals have brought down the prime minister of the Ukraine,the deputy president of south Africa,the leader of Brazil’s ruling party,key Keny an government ministers,and the majority leader of the U.S. House of representatives.but systematic changes are necessary to ensure that corruption scandals stop repeating themselves like prurient TV show reruns. Leadership changes have occurred or are about to occur in key entities:the world bank,the OECD,the UN,transparency international,and the international chamber of commerce.The resulting set of new leaders should get together with NGOs and leaders from other key organizations,such as export-credit entities and international law enforcement agencies,to map out a broad anticorruption strategy and develop a consensus for near-term and middle-term action.

当前是一个信息即时交流的时代，要想掩盖恶行越来越难，因为眼下私人侦探、走漏政府内部信息的人、愤愤不平的竞争对手以及那些刨根问底的记者们都会把那些贪污腐败的官员和奸商暴露出来。由于腐化堕落会断送事业前程，所以曝光时一种重要的威慑力量。仅去年一年，被丑闻拉下台的就有乌克兰总理、南非副总统、巴西执政党领袖、肯尼亚政府的几名地位显赫的部长以及美国众议院多数党领袖。但是要确保腐败丑闻不会像色情电视剧那样重复上演，就必须进行系统的改革。领导层的变革在诸如世界银行、经济合作与发展组织、联合国、透明国际以及国际商会等重点机构已经展开或者即将展开。改革后的新领导班子应该与非政府组织以及其他重要机构（如出口信贷机构、国际执法部门等）领导人携手合作，以便制定全面的反腐战略，就近期和中期行动达成共识。

(Unit4 )C TO E although boys and girls often play together,they spend most of their time in same-sex groups.boys and girls do play some games together,but their games are often quite different.young boys,says ages 8 through 12,tend to play outside the house rather than in the house,and they play in large groups that are hierarchically structured.a group of boys generally has a leader who tells the other boys who to do and how to do it.it is by giving orders and making the other boys play by rules that boys achieve higher or more dominant status in their play group.

而且是在在有等级结构中的大组中玩耍，这帮孩子中间会有一个孩子头，告诉别的男孩做什么、怎么做。

ETOC Perhaps it is our social concept of what is feminine and what is masculine that reinforce the stereotype that women talk more than men,and even causes these different patterns of communication.maybe a woman is labeled talkative or is criticized for interrupting if she does it at all,because our culture-as Well as many other cultures-teaches that women should be quite if they want to be feminine.perhaps masculine culture encourages boys and man to dominate talk and to interrupt more often,and males who talk a lot and interrupt often are not criticized for doing so.these differences in the patterns of communication and style of communicating are studied by experts who study the effects of gender on communication.they study these effects in order to understand why misunderstandings occur between men and women in conversation. Often,it’s because their styles and patterns of conversation are so different.it is important that we learn to recognize these differences so that we can learn to communicate better with people of the other gender.