考研英语阅读题源之经济学人精选文章之十二
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读十二
Berlin’s brave bikers柏林勇敢的骑行者The German capital wants drivers to stop killing cyclists德国首都希望司机不再杀害骑行者If the streets are safer,more people will pedal如果路上可以更安全，更多的人会选择骑车出行T eddybears,candles and flowers are piled up around a white-painted bike on the side of the road.This is a memorial to an eight-year-old boy who died after being hit by a truck while cycling with his mother to school.路边一辆白色自行车旁摆着一些泰迪熊、蜡烛和鲜花。
这是为了追悼一名8岁的小男孩，他是在和母亲骑车上学的途中被一辆卡车撞死的。
These white“ghost bikes”are dotted around Berlin at spots where cyclists have perished.In2018nearly one cyclist a month died on the roads of Germany’s capital.这些白色的“幽灵自行车”分布在柏林街头各个骑行者的身亡之处。
2018年，平均每个月约有一名骑行者死在德国首都的街头。
Berlin’s state government,a three-way Social-Democrat,Green and Left Party coalition,is promising a“transport revolution”to reduce the number of road deaths to zero.柏林州政府（一个由社会民主党、绿党和左翼党组成的三方联合政府）承诺要进行一场“交通革命”，将道路死亡人数降为零。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一二
How to reveal a country’s sense,over the years,of its own well-being 如何揭开一个国家多年来的主观幸福感Read its books.By computer利用计算机扫描其书刊Do a country’s inhabitants get happier as it gets richer?Most governments seem to believe so,given their relentless focus on increasing GDP year by year.Reliable,long-term evidence linking wealth and happiness is,however,lacking.And measuring well-being is itself fraught with problems,since it often relies on surveys that ask participants to assess their own levels of happiness subjectively.一个国家越富有，其人民就越幸福吗？鉴于大多数政府都坚持不懈地致力于逐年提高GDP，它们似乎是认同这一点的。
然而，我们尚缺乏能够证明财富与幸福相关联的可靠而长期的证据。
衡量幸福感本身就存在很多问题，因为它往往依赖于要求参与者主观评估自己幸福水平的调查。
Daniel Sgroi of the University of Warwick and Eugenio Proto of the University of Glasgow,both in Britain,think,nevertheless,that they have an answer.尽管如此，英国华威大学的丹尼尔·斯格里和格拉斯哥大学的尤金尼奥·普罗托认为他们找到了答案。
考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2020082202
Cloth of gold一块价值堪比黄金的布Why the economic value of a face mask is$56.14为什么说一个口罩的经济价值是56.14美元After a brutal first six months of the year,governments across the world are hoping for an economic bounce-back.Rich-world GDP fell by about 10%in the first half of2020.在经历今年上半年的残酷考验后，世界各国政府都期待经济能够触底反弹。
2020年上半年，发达国家的GDP下降了约10%。
Yet much has changed since—including that more people are now wearing masks.Economists,obsessed with translating everything into GDP,wonder if more widespread face-covering could help the recovery.然而，自从越来越多的人戴上口罩后，情况发生了显著变化。
经济学家痴迷于用GDP来解释一切事物，如今他们想知道，随着更多的人戴上了口罩，经济能否走向复苏。
The thinking goes that masks can,in part,substitute for lockdowns. People wearing them need not be discouraged as much from using public transport.More shops and offices might be able to reopen,albeit while practising social distancing.这种想法基于这样一个逻辑，戴口罩在一定程度上可以代替封锁措施。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二三
Why an“Uber for tailors”is gaining ground in Lagos“裁缝优步”为何能在拉各斯发展起来？“Rich and poor,everyone has a tailor here,”says Olajire Omikunle,a couturier for Nigeria’s powerful.So great is the appeal of a well-cut outfit in Lagos,Nigeria’s commercial centre,that roadside stitchers rove the streets armed with their sewing machines and clicking their large scissors to drum up customers.尼日利亚颇具影响力的服装设计师奥拉吉尔·奥米昆勒说：“无论贫富，这里的每个人都有自己的裁缝。
”在尼日利亚的商业中心拉各斯，一套剪裁考究的服装如此具有吸引力，以至于街头裁缝们会带着他们的缝纫机在街道上来回穿梭，并拿着大剪刀咔嚓咔嚓地招揽着顾客。
David Peterside,a local entrepreneur,hopes to capitalise on this sartorial obsession with a new app that is being dubbed an“Uber for tailors”.Fashion Map allows natty Nigerians to find a suitmaker at the press of a button.当地企业家戴维·彼得赛德希望借着人们对服装的痴迷，开发一款名为“裁缝优步”的新应用。
整洁时髦尼日利亚人只需按下一个按钮，便能在时尚地图上找到一位裁缝。
It may be a perfect fit for Africa’s most populous country.Nigeria has a fast-growing base of smartphone users and“over100,000registered tailors”,says Otunba Wasiu Taiwo of the Nigeria Union of Tailors.“We are still counting.”该应用或许非常适合这个非洲人口最多的国家。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二六
Defending Switzerland’s coffee stockpile捍卫瑞士的咖啡储备If disaster strikes,the Swiss want to be caffeinated当灾难来袭时，瑞士人需要咖啡因To defend their independence the Swiss have mountains,conscription and a fierce sense of self-reliance.They also have a vast stockpile of food, medicine,animal feed and cooking oil,which they have maintained since the1920s.This makes sieges easier to withstand,but costs a fortune.瑞士人靠着山脉、兵役制度和强烈的自力更生精神捍卫着国家的主权独立。
自上世纪20年代以来，瑞士一直保持着大量的食品、药品、动物饲料和食用油储备。
这使得瑞士更容易抵御敌人的围攻，但这同时代价不菲。
So in April the Federal Office for National Economic Supply announced a plan to trim it a little.In future,it suggested,it would no longer pay for a huge emergency supply of coffee.This wonderful drink,it claimed,is not “vital for life”.因此，今年4月，瑞士联邦国家经济供应办公室宣布了一项略微削减开支的计划。
它表示，今后将废除紧急物资储备中的咖啡储备。
理由则是，这种美味的饮品并不是“攸关生死的”。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二四
Neanderthals had a propensity for earache,nudging them to their doom易患耳疾将尼安德特人推向了灭亡A new analysis of their skulls points to an anatomical problem一项对头颅的新研究指出了一个生理构造缺陷The last neanderthals vanished from Earth about40,000years ago.Exactly what drove them to extinction,however,remains a mystery,with their disappearance variously attributed to anything from climate change to inferior cognitive abilities or even cannibalism.在大约4万年前，最后一批尼安德特人消失在地球上。
但究竟是什么导致了他们的灭亡，至今仍是一个谜，关于他们灭亡原因有着各种各样的猜想，从气候变化到认知能力低下，再到同类相食。
Anthony Pagano,a medical researcher at Seton Hall University in New Jersey,has a new explanation.He thinks Neanderthals might have been unusually prone to severe ear infections,which left them struggling to compete against their Homo sapiens cousins.新泽西州西顿霍尔大学的医学研究员安东尼·帕加诺给出了一个新的解释。
他认为尼安德特人或许非常容易患上严重的耳部感染，这使得他们很难与智人相互竞争。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Malaysia’s elephants stay more outside protected areas than in马来西亚大象呆在保护区外的时间比呆在保护区内的时间更久The grub is better there因为那里有更好的食物Way back in 1999, Iain Douglas-Hamilton, adoyen of research into African elephants, made an intriguing discovery. Using the Global Positioning System (GPS) to track them—a first—he found that they knew exactly where the boundaries of protected areas were.早在1999年，研究非洲象的老前辈伊恩·道格拉斯-汉密尔顿就有了一个有趣的发现。
他最早利用全球定位系统（GPS）追踪非洲象，发现它们非常清楚保护区的边界在哪里。
They ranged freely within these areas, but when crossing between them, through apparently similar but unprotected habitat, they did so at night and at what was (for an elephant) a gallop.它们会在保护区内自由活动，而一旦想穿过看似没什么区别但未受保护的栖息地时，它们会选择在夜间且疾驰而过（对于大象而言）。
At first sight, it looks as though Asian elephants did not get the memo. They seem to travel outside protected areaswith gay abandon. But a study by Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, in Yunnan province, China, and Benoit Goossens of Danau Girang Field Centre, in Sabah, Malaysia, suggests that this abandon is not quite as gay as it seems.乍一看，亚洲象似乎不懂这些。
考研英语阅读题源《经济学人》文章：读大学是否还值得
考研英语阅读题源《经济学人》文章：读大学是否还值得Higher education高等教育Is college worth it?读大学还值得吗?Too many degrees are a waste of money. The returnon higher education would be much better if collegewere cheaper太多的学位只是浪费金钱。
如果读大学更便宜，高等教育的回报会更高WHEN LaTisha Styles graduated from Kennesaw State University in Georgia in 2006 she had$35,000 of student debt. This obligation would have been easy to discharge if her Spanishdegree had helped her land a well-paid job. But there is no shortage of Spanish-speakers in anation that borders Latin America. So Ms Styles found herself working in a clothes shop and afast-food restaurant for no more than $11 an hour.2006年当LaTisha Styles从佐治亚州的Kennesaw州立大学毕业的时候，她欠下35000美元的学生贷款。
如果她的西班牙语学位能够帮助她获得报酬优厚的工作的话，债务会很容易偿清。
但在这个与拉丁美洲接壤的国度，从来不缺能说西语的人。
所以Styles女士为了每小时不高于11美元的薪水，沦落服装零售和快餐店。
Frustrated, she took the gutsy decision to go back to the same college and study somethingmore pragmatic. She majored in finance, and now has a good job at an investment consultingfirm. Her debt has swollen to $65,000, but she will have little trouble paying it off.受挫碰壁的她勇敢地作出决定，重新回到大学学习更为实用的课程。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Why Do We Make Weird Faces When We Taste Something Sour?为什么我们吃到酸的东西时会做出奇怪的表情?When you eat something really sour, the sensation isn't limited to your tongue. An especially tart bite has a way of making your entire face contract into a scrunched-up look of discomfort. If you can't resist puckering your mouth when you lick a lemon or snack on Sour Patch Kids, you can thank evolution.当你吃到很酸的东西时，你的感觉并不仅仅局限于舌头。
尤其是吃到特别酸的东西会让你的整张脸皱成一团，看起来很不舒服的样子。
如果你在吃到柠檬或很酸的食物时不由自主地要撅起嘴，那你得感谢进化。
That unmistakeable sour flavor that prickles you tastebuds is a product of the hydrogen ions that acids release when they combine with saliva. When your mouth detects this sign of acid, it lets you know in a dramatic way. Your taste receptors light up and your face twists involuntarily in what's known as a rejection response, according to Live Science.那种给你的味蕾带来明显刺痛感的酸味是酸与唾液结合时释放的氢离子产物。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Springtime lethargy – is something entirely natural春困——一种很自然的现象Spring fatigue, also known as spring lethargy, refers to a state of fatigue, lowered energy, or depression, associated with the onset of spring.春困是指一种与春天的到来有关的疲劳、精力下降或抑郁的状态。
Such a state may be caused by a normal reaction to warmer temperatures, or it may have a medical basis, such as allergies or "reverse" seasonal affective disorder. Although the causes of this springtime lethargy have not yet been fully resolved, hormone balance may play a role.这种状态可能是对对气温升高的正常反应，也可能是一种医学上的反应，如过敏或“逆向”季节性情感障碍等。
人们至今尚未完全弄清楚春困发生的原因，但荷尔蒙平衡可能是原因之一。
According to this hypothesis, the body's reserves of the "happiness hormone" serotonin, whose production depends on daylight, become exhausted over the winter, making it especially easy for the "sleep hormone" melatonin to have its effect.根据这一假说，人体储存的“快乐荷尔蒙”血清素（其产生依赖于日光）在冬季会被消耗殆尽，这使得“睡眠荷尔蒙”褪黑激素特别容易发挥作用。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Why Do Trucks Use Diesel Fuel Instead of Gasoline?为什么卡车要烧柴油而不是汽油?Putting diesel in your regular gas-guzzling automobile isn’t just a waste of money—it can also cause some problems for your car. For semis and other trucks, however, diesel is just what the doctor (or mechanic, rather) ordered. And that’s because those types of vehicles typically have diesel engines, rather than gasoline engines.往你那烧汽油的车里加柴油不仅浪费钱，而且还会给你的汽车带来一些问题。
然而，对于半挂车和其他卡车来说，柴油就是医生（或者说机械师）开的处方。
这是因为这些类型的车辆通常使用柴油发动机，而非汽油发动机。
One big difference between the two engines is how they turn fuel into energy. According to Engineering Explained, gas engines usually use a spark plug to ignite the mixture of fuel and air in the cylinder.这两种发动机之间最大的区别就是将燃料转化为动能的方式。
根据《汽车机械小百科》的解释，汽油发动机通常使用火花塞来点燃气缸内燃料和空气的混合物。
But diesel engines compress the air until it reaches a high enough temperature that the fuel will ignite as soon as it gets injected into the cylinder. In order to heat the air to that point, a diesel engine needs an especially high compression ratio: the cylinder’s volume when the piston is at its highest point compared to the volume when the piston is at its lowest point.而柴油发动机会压缩空气，直到空气达到足够高的温度，燃料一进入气缸就会点燃。
考研英语阅读理解精读及解析-UNIT 12
UNIT TWELVETEXT ONEThe idea that mobile phones bring economic benefits is now widely accepted. In places with bad roads, few trains and parlous land lines, they substitute for travel, allow price data to be distributed more quickly and easily, enable traders to reach wider markets and generally ease the business of doing business. Leonard Waverman of the London Business School has estimated that an extra ten mobile phones per 100 people in a typical developing country leads to an extra half a percentage point of growth in GDP per person. To realise the economic benefits of mobile phones, governments in such countries need to do away with state monopolies, issue new licences to allow rival operators to enter the market and slash taxes on handsets. With few exceptions (hallo, Ethiopia), they have done so, and mobile phones are now spreading fast, even in the poorest parts of the world.As mobile phones have spread, a new economic benefit is coming into view: using them for banking, and so improving access to financial services, not just telecoms networks. Pioneering m-banking projects in the Philippines, Kenya and South Africa show the way. These “branchless” schemes typically allow customers to deposit and withdraw cash through a mobile operator's airtime-resale agents, and send money to other people via text messages that can be exchanged for cash by visiting an agent. Workers can then be paid by phone; taxi-drivers and delivery-drivers can accept payments without carrying cash around; money can be easily sent to friends and family.A popular use is to deposit money before making a long journey and then withdraw it at the other end, which is safer than carrying lots of cash.There is no need to set up a national network of branches or cash machines.M-banking schemes can be combined with microfinance loans, extending access to credit and enabling users to establish a credit history. Some schemes issue customers with debit cards linked to their m-banking accounts. All this has the potential to give the “unbanked” masses access to financial services, and bring them into the formal economy.What can governments do to foster m-banking? As with the spread of mobile phones themselves, a lot depends on putting the right regulations in place. They need to be tight enough to protect users and discourage money laundering, but open enough to allow new services to emerge. The existing banking model is both over- andunder-protective, says Tim Lyman of the World Bank, because “it did not foresee the convergence of telecommu nications and financial services.”In many countries only licensed banks are allowed to collect deposits. Even if a mobile operator forms a partnership with a bank, its agents may have to comply with banking rules covering everything from the height of the counter to the installation of alarms. Financial institutions may have to provide detailed statements to the central bank every week, which is tricky for organisations with agents in remote areas. Some countries have rigid rules on the documents demanded of anybody opening an account, which excludes many.1. The following are advantages of economic services through mobile phones except that_____[A] price data can be distributed quicky and easily.[B] traders can extend their market.[C] doing business is more convenient.[D] the growth of GDP per person can be greatly promoted.2.Which one of the following statements is TURE of the m-banking schemes?[A] They can prevent safer services than the traditional banking.[B] They could provide the customers with credit services[C] They have been experimented in some developing countrie.[D] They could encourage people to use fiancial services3. The word “convergence” (Line 5, Paragraph 4) most probably means_____ [A] conversation.[B] combination.[C] similarity.[D] exchange.4.Towards m-banking, the governments’ attitudes can be said to be_____[A] supportive.[B] opposing.[C] indifferent.[D] unclear.5. The best title of this passage canbe_____[A] Economic Benefits Brought by Mobile Phone.[B] M-banking—Marriage of Mobile Phone and Banking.[C] Mobile Phone Used for Banking.[D] The Pioneering M-banking Schemes.文章剖析：这篇文章介绍了移动电话的新型银行业务。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Plastic surgeons make a bundle despite Lebanon’s economic crisis尽管黎巴嫩遭遇经济危机，但整形外科医生还是赚了一大笔钱Many people have no jobs. Others, nose jobs许多人失业了，除了隆鼻医生Rhinoplasty has long been a rite of passage in Lebanon. Teenage girls want a dainty new nose in time for their graduation parties, celebrated in selfies. Lebanon’s many woes have not hindered the habit.隆鼻手术一直以来都是黎巴嫩人的一种成人礼。
十几岁的女孩想要一个精致的新鼻子，以便在毕业派对上自拍庆祝。
黎巴嫩的许多苦难并没有妨碍这种习惯。
Plastic surgeons are apparently making as much as or more than they did before an economic crisis, starting in 2019, that the World Bank has ranked as the third-worst anywhere, ever.从2019年开始，整形外科医生的收入显然与经济危机（世界银行将其列为有史以来最严重的第三大经济危机）前持平，甚至更高。
The World Health Organisation reckons that Lebanon’s economic meltdown prompted nearly 40% of the country’s doctors to leave. But for those who have stayed, the pickings, especially for nose jobs, may have increased. The pool of patients has stayed the same. There are fewer dexterous doctors to paddle in it.世界卫生组织估计，黎巴嫩的经济崩溃促使该国近40%的医生离开。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二五
Don’t panic about e-cigarettes不必对电子烟恐慌Banning them all will cause far more harm than good全面禁令将会弊大于利“It’s time to stop vaping,”says Lee Norman,a health official in Kansas. Six people are dead in America,apparently from smoking e-cigarettes. More than450have contracted a serious lung disease.So Mr Norman’s advice sounds reasonable.堪萨斯州的卫生官员诺曼·李说：“是时候禁止吸食电子烟了。
”美国已有6人明显死于吸食电子烟。
超过450人因吸食电子烟而患上了严重的肺病。
因此，诺曼的建议似乎合情合理。
The Centres for Disease Control and the American Medical Association agree:the country’s11m vapers should quit.A new idea is circulating,that vaping is worse than smoking.On September11th the Trump administration said it intends to ban non-tobacco flavoured vaping fluid.Some politicians want a broader ban on all e-cigarettes.美国疾病预防控制中心和美国医学会一致认为：美国1100万电子烟民应该戒烟。
如今大家普遍认为，电子烟的危害比传统香烟更大。
9月11日，特朗普政府表示将计划禁止非烟草味的电子烟烟液。
考研英语阅读命题题源
文章概要：提前掌握文章标题：The paradox of the ghetto文章来源：《经济学人》近来，杜克大学的一项研究证明，生活在富人区的穷孩子们更容易惹麻烦。
由此，它指出，贫富混住的社区理念并不像人们所设想的那样会对贫穷孩子的生存发展产生有利影响。
事实上，帮助贫困孩子，改善其受教育状况只能依靠增加对贫民区学校的金钱和师资投入。
本文难度适中，句型多变，证据充分，说理透彻，有利于培养读者的辩证思维能力。
原文阅读：读懂文意I①Britain has prized the ideal of economically mixed neighbourhoods since the19th century.②Poverty and disadvantage are intensified when poor people cluster,runs the argument;conversely,the rich are unfairly helped when they are surrounded by other rich people.③Social mixing ought to help the poor.④It sounds self-evident—and colours planning regulations that ensure much social and affordable housing is dotted among more expensive private homes.⑤Yet“there is absolutely no serious evidence to support this,”says Paul Cheshire,a professor of economic geography at the London School of Economics(LSE).II①And there is new evidence to suggest it is wrong.②Researchers at Duke University in America followed over1,600children from age five to age12in England and Wales.③They found that poor boys living in largely well-to-do neighbourhoods were the most likely to engage in anti-social behaviour,from lying and swearing to such petty misdemeanours as fighting,shoplifting and vandalism,according to a commonly used measure of problem behaviour.④Misbehaviour starts very young and intensifies as they grow older.⑤Poor boys in the poorest neighbourhoods were the least likely to run into trouble.⑥For rich kids,the opposite is true:those living in poor areas are more likely to misbehave.III①The researchers suggest several reasons for this.②Poorer areas are often heavily policed,deterring would-be miscreants;it may be that people in wealthy places are less likely to spot misbehaviour,too.③Living alongside the rich may also make the poor more keenly aware of their own deprivation,suggests Tim Newburn,a criminologist who is also at the LSE.④That,in turn,increases the feelings of alienation that are associated with anti-social conduct and criminal behaviour.IV①All this does not in itself prove that economically mixed neighbourhoods are a bad thing.②They may be good in other ways—making politicians more moderate,for example.③But the research does suggest that the benefits of such districts are far from straightforward.④Patterns of social segregation reflect broader social inequality,argues Mr Cheshire,who has written a book about urban economics and policy.⑤Where mixed neighbourhoods flourish,house prices rise,overwhelmingly benefiting the rich.⑥Spending more money on schools in deprived areas and dispatching the best teachers there would do more to help poor children.⑦Assuming that a life among wealthy neighbours will improve their lot is too complacent.重点词汇：着重掌握1.intensify[ɪn'tensɪfaɪ]vt.使加强，使强化2.cluster['klʌstə]vt.使聚集3.affordable housing经济适用房4.dot[dɒt]vt.在……打点5.swear[sweə]vt.诅咒，咒骂6.*misdemeanor[ˌmɪsdɪ'mi:nə]n.不法行为；（相对于重罪的）轻罪，小罪7.*shoplifting['ʃɒplɪftɪŋ]n.入店行窃8.*vandalism['vændəlɪzəm]（尤指对公共财产的）故意破坏，捣毁9.*misbehavior[ˌmɪsbɪ'heɪvjə]n.<美>不礼貌，品行不端；违反军规10.*deter[dɪˈtə:]vt.阻止，制止；使不敢；使踌躇11.*miscreant[ˈmɪskriənt]n.恶棍，歹徒12.deprivation[deprɪ'veɪʃ(ə)n]n.贫困，匮乏；剥夺13.*criminologist[ˌkrɪmɪ'nɒlədʒɪst]n.犯罪学家；犯罪学者，刑事学家14.alienation[eɪlɪə'neɪʃ(ə)n]n.异化；疏远15.segregation[,segrɪ'geɪʃ(ə)n]n.隔离，分离.16.*dispatch[dɪˈspætʃ]vt.派遣，调度17.*complacent[kəmˈplesənt]adj.自满的；自鸣得意的原文翻译：强化语感自19世纪以来，英国人就非常重视贫富混住社区理念。
考研英语阅读练习：《经济学人》选读
考研英语阅读练习：《经济学人》选读Social change社会的改变The weaker sex弱男子Blue-collar men in rich countries are in trouble. Theymust learn to adapt在发达国家的蓝领男性群体正处于困境中，他们必须学会适应。
AT FIRST glance the patriarchy appears to be thriving. More than 90% of presidents andprime ministers are male, as are nearly all big corporate bosses. Men dominate finance,technology, films, sports, music and even stand-up comedy. In much of the world they stillenjoysocial and legal privileges simply because they have a Y chromosome. So it might seemodd to worry about the plight of men.父系社会现在咋一看似乎正兴盛。
超过90%的国家总统总理，和几乎所有大型公司的大boss都是男性。
男性统治着经济，科技，企业，体育，音乐，甚至连说相声的都基本是男的。
在大多数国家里男人仅仅因为拥有一条Y染色体便享有在社会和法律上的特权，这样看来，担心男性的“悲催命运”般的困境似乎是在杞人忧天。
Yet there is plenty of cause for concern. Men cluster at the bottom as well as the top. They arefar more likely than women to be jailed, estranged from their children, or to kill themselves.They earn fewer university degrees than women. Boys in the developed world are 50% morelikely to flunk basic maths, reading and science entirely.但有却又大量的原由让人不得不担心。
考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章：世界经济
考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章:世界经济————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：２017考研备考英语阅读题源经济学人文章：世界经济World economy世界经济Paｓt ａnd ｆuture tense过去和未来时The wｏrｌd ｅｃoｎomy in2017 ｗiｌl caｒry troｕbｌingechoes ｏf ｔｈｅlate 1990s世界经济在2０17年将出现２０世纪９0年代晚期令人烦恼的相似困境A FINAＮCIAL craｓh in Russｉａ; ｆａｌlinｇoｉl prｉｃes and a ｓtrong dolｌaｒ;a new ｇold rｕsh iｎＳiliconVａlley and ａrｅsuｒgent Aｍｅriｃaｎeconomｙ;wea ｋness inＧｅrmａｎyａｎd Ｊapａn;tuｍblingcurreｎｃies in emeｒging maｒkets fｒom Bｒaｚil to Indonｅsia; an eｍbaｔｔｌｅｄDｅmocｒaｔiｎthｅWh ｉteHouｓｅ. Is ｔhaｔａfｏrecast of tｈｅworｌｄin ２0１7 or a portraｉt of tｈe l ａｔe 19９０s？俄罗斯发生了金融危机；油价和强势美元下跌；硅谷出现了新的淘金热,并且美国实现经济复苏;德国和日本则经济疲软；从巴西到印度尼西亚的新兴市场货币呈动荡；民主党在白宫四面楚歌。
那是对２017年世界的预测或上世纪90年代末的景象描绘?Rｅcenｔeconｏmic ｈｉｓtory has ｂeen so domｉｎaｔed bｙtheｃreｄiｔｃr ｕnch ｏf２008-09that it is eaｓｙto foｒget what haｐｐened in the deｃadｅs befｏre.Buｔlookiｎg back 15 ｙears oｒso iｓinsｔrucｔiｖe—in terms of ｂｏth whaｔtｏｄｏａｎd whａt tｏavoid.近期的经济已经由2０08-09年的信贷紧缩所主导,很容易忘记在十年前所发生的事情。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Ants have the ability to sniff out cancer in humans, study reveals研究发现，蚂蚁能够嗅出人类的癌症Ants have the ability to sniff out cancerous cells in humans, a new study has discovered, suggesting they could be used for cancer diagnosis in future. Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca has a well developed sense of smell.一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁具有嗅出人类癌细胞的能力，这表明蚂蚁未来或可用于癌症诊断。
法国国家科学研究中心的研究人员发现，丝光褐林蚁有着非常灵敏的嗅觉。
It was able to differentiate cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell, limited trials revealed. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said.有限的试验显示，这种蚂蚁的嗅觉超强，能够区分人类的癌细胞和健康细胞。
但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，还必须进行更多的临床测试。
They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancerous cells in humans. To conduct their research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants, smelling cells under a laboratory setting.研究人员指出，未来在识别人体癌细胞方面，蚂蚁可能会比狗做得更出色。
考研时文阅读二选自《经济学人》
考研时文阅读二选自《经济学人》AMID the hubbub over a few less-bad-than-expected statistics, America’s economic debate has turned to the nature of the recovery. Optimists expect a vigorous rebound as confidence returns, pent-up demand is unleashed and massive government stimulus takes effect. Most observers, including this newspaper, are bracing for a long slog, as debt-laden consumers rebuild their savings, output growth remains weak and unemployment continues to rise. There is, however, something that eventually will have a much bigger impact on Americans’ prosperity than the slope of the recovery. That is the effect of the crisis on America’s potential rate of growth itself.在对一些比预期稍好的数据的聒噪中，对美国经济的争论倒向了恢复的一边。
乐观人士预计在信心回稳、抑制的需求得到释放以及政府大规模刺激方案取得成效的情况下，经济会有力的反弹。
包括本报在内的多数观察家则认为慢慢前路仍充满艰险，因为深陷债务泥潭的消费者在重新建立他们的储蓄，出口增长依然疲软而且未就业人数继续上升。
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考研英语阅读题源之经济学人精选文章TEXT 12Not science fictionFeb 23rd 2006From The Economist print editionTHE recent stem-cell scandal in South Korea may have made front-page news across the world, but （1）few readers are likely to bet that a literary novel set in a laboratory and based on scientific research might end up being a ★page-turner[1]. Readers of “Intuition”, however, will battle with themselves over whether to savour Allegra Goodman's exquisite ★filleting[2] of character, as the scientists are themselves dissected like their experimental mice, or to rush ★headlong[3] to find out what h________① next.In an under-funded Harvard laboratory, the ★dogged[4], unglamorous ★slog[5] towards finding a cure for cancer is u_______②way. Suddenly one research assistant's experiment ★bears [6]fruit. After mice infected with human breast-cancer cells are injected with Cliff's R-7 virus, their tumours melt away in 60% of the population. But are Cliff's results too good to be true? （2）The question of whether the R-7 results were ★fiddled[7] powers the remainder of the book.Ms Goodman follows the good novelist's ★credo[8] that plot ★proceeds from[9] character; and （3）she follows the good scientist's credo that objective truth is inexorably ★coloured[10] by whoever ★stands[11] to lose or gain by it. All the researchers in “Intuition”are sympathetic, and they are all ★screwed up[12]. Sandy, co-director of the lab, is a ★charismatic[13] dynamo[14], but too enamoured with worldly glory. His brilliant, shy partner Marion has ★impeccable[15] research standards, but is undermined by chronic self-doubt. By contrast, Cliff is ★glibly[16] over-c_________③. Robin, R-7's ★whistle-blower[17] (also Cliff's former girlfriend), is a natural scientist, but her determination to uncover fraud may be driven by romantic disappointment. Robin is heeding her intuition, and “young researchers had their intuition ★tamped down[18] lest, like the ★sorcerer's[19] apprentice, they flood the lab with their conceits.”What a relief to find a novel that does not take place in the literary salons of London or New York. （4）Ms Goodman manages fully to inhabit another profession's world. Her characters so live and breathe on the page that they could get up and m_______④you a cup of coffee while you finish another chapter. （5）Her writing is rich, so rich it would be easy to miss how skilful is the prose itself. Exciting and, for most, exotic as well, “Intuition” is a ★stunning[20] achievement.参考译文（TRANSLATED BY CHENJILONG）并非科幻小说韩国最近发生的干细胞丑闻或许已成为世界各地的头条新闻，不过几乎没有读者会相信，一本以实验室为背景、基于科学研究的小说到头来竟然让他们爱不释手。
然而，读过《直觉》这本书的人心里很矛盾，小说里的科学家如同他们用作实验的小鼠一样被深刻剖析，因而读者们不知道是仔细品味一下阿列格拉•古德曼入木三分的人物描写呢，还是急于弄清接下来会发生什么事情。
在哈佛大学一个资金不足的实验室里，科学家们为了找到一种治疗癌症的方法，正默默无闻、坚持不懈地辛勤工作。
突然，助理研究员克里夫的实验结出了果实。
他用R7病毒注射染有人乳腺癌细胞的小鼠后，60%小鼠的肿瘤消散了。
可是，克里夫如此完美的研究结果是真实的吗？R7结果有没有被虚报？这一疑问让本书随后的内容更加扣人心弦。
古德曼夫人延续了优秀小说家所提倡的“情节因人物而生”，也承继了优秀科学家所奉行的“任何人都不能歪曲客观事实”。
《直觉》中的所有研究人员表面上一团和气，暗地里却都勾心斗角。
实验室副主管桑迪很有人格魅力，一心扑在工作上，但虚荣心太强。
他的搭档马里昂才华横溢，少言寡语，工作标准极高，但因为长期缺乏自信而萎靡不振。
相比之下，克里夫却有些圆滑世故和自命不凡。
揭发R7秘密的罗宾（克里夫前女友）则是一位朴实的科学家，不过她决心揭露骗局可能多少出于对爱情的失望。
她重视直觉，而且，“年青研究者悄悄地抑制了他们的直觉力量，生怕会像刚学巫术的人一样，让实验室充斥着自负和虚夸。
”能看到一本不是描写伦敦抑或纽约文学沙龙的小说，真是一件让人舒心的事。
古德曼夫人完全立足于另一种职业领域，刻画的人物栩栩如生，呼之欲出，甚至能在你每读完一个章节的时候为你泡上一杯咖啡。
古德曼著作颇丰，因此人们往往忽视了她的写作技巧。
《直觉》一书动人心魄，而且对大多数人而言还颇具异国情调，实在令人为之侧目。
NOTES[1]page-turner n.【非正式用语】让人一页一页不停往下翻的书；引人入胜的书(一本非常有趣的、令人兴奋或悬念四起的书，通常是指小说)：“The book is a page-turner”(Frank Conroy)“这本书真是让人爱不释手”(弗兰克•康罗伊)[2]fillet v.切取（鱼、肉）净肉；切（鱼肉）成片[3]headlong adj.&adv.=headfirst 头先向前的；轻举妄动地，匆匆忙忙地：He’s gone headfirst into trouble.他轻率地陷入麻烦中。
[4]dogged adj.顽强的，坚忍不拔的：She was not very clever, but by dogged efforts she learnt a good deal at school.她不怎么聪明，但努力不懈，在学校学到了很多东西。
[5]slog n.艰苦工作（之期间）：I always found school difficult: it was a hard slog.我总觉得求学不易，读书是一桩苦事。
[6]bear v.产（作物、水果）：The young apple tree is bearing this year for the first time.这棵苹果幼树今年首度结了果。
[7]fiddle v.虚报：to fiddle one’s income tax虚报所得税[8]credo n.信仰，信条：a credo of socialist principles社会主义的信条[9]proceed from （无被动）由……造成，产生自……[10]colour vt.使（人，事件）带特殊的效果或感受；影响：Personal feelings coloured his judgement.个人的感情影响了他的判断。
|a highly-coloured account of his difficulties大加渲染地描述他的种种困难[11]stand v. to be in a position to gain or lose有（得失之）机会；势将（得或失）：If this new law is passed, we stand to lose our tax advantage.如果这项新法律通过，我们势将失去我们在税赋方面享受的利益。
[Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English] stand to do something: to be likely to do or have something: stand to gain/lose/win/makeWhat do firms think they stand to gain by merging?After the oil spill, thousands of fishermen stand to lose their livelihoods.[12]screw up v.（常被动）（俚语）搞得乱七八糟；搅乱：Things are screwed up, as usual.事情跟平常一样糟。