2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：希腊和欧元
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Ask people to name someone they find charming and the answers are often predictable. There’s James Bond, the fictional spy with a penchant for shaken martinis. Maybe they’ll mention Oprah Winfrey, Bill Clinton or a historical figure, like the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. or Mahatma Gandhi. Now ask the same people to describe, in just a few seconds, what makes these charmers so likable.要是你让人说出一个他心目中有魅力的人的名字，答案通常都可以预测。
有人会说詹姆斯·邦德，那个偏爱摇酒法调制的马提尼的虚构的间谍。
也许会有人提到欧普拉·温弗里，比尔·克林顿，或是某个历史人物，比如小马丁·路德·金牧师，或是圣雄·甘地。
那么现在再让同一个人来用区区几秒钟描述，到底是什么特质让这些魅力十足的人物如此受人爱戴呢？It’s here, in defining what exactly charisma is, that most hit a wall. Instinctually, we know that we’re drawn to certain people more than others. Quantifying why we like them is an entirely different exercise.到此为止，在魅力到底是什么的确切定义过程中，通常就是到这里走进了死胡同。
2016考研英语阅读真题：考研英语(一)第2篇-毙考题
2016考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第2篇For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country.In Britain this has had a curious result.While polls show Britons rate the countryside alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience a refreshing air.Hill s pressures later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.They don t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it.It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment.The Conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing off-plan building where local people might object.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable.Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development.The Liberal Democrats are silent.Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London area alone, with no intrusion on green belt.What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that housing crisis equals concreted meadows is pure lobby talk.The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them.Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal.He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets.This is not a free market but a biased one.Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow.They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character.We do not ruin urban conservation areas.Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip.After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe s most crowded country.Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living.There is no doubt of the alternative the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland.Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.与乡村人口相比，人类历史上第一次有更多的人居住在城镇。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
Diageo last week took a majority stake in Seedlip, a non-alcoholic spirit sold as an alternative to gin — a move seen by analysts as the drinks giant’s attempt to grab more of the growing teetotal market. The young are more abstemious than their elders, and manufacturers and marketers need to keep up.帝亚吉欧(Diageo)不久前收购了Seedlip的多数股权，这是一种被作为金酒替代品出售的无酒精型烈酒——市场分析师们将此举解读为酒业巨头试图在日益扩张的无酒精饮料市场中分一杯羹。
年轻一代相对于他们的长辈在饮酒方面更加节制，酒类生产商和营销机构必须跟上这种趋势。
For those of us who don’t drink or, in my case, only occasionally, a reduction in others’ drinking, along with a fall in the antisocial consequences, is a welcome development. At a wedding in Italy this summer, I marvelled as a group of Italian and French guests partied under a hot afternoon sun and late into the night, without anyone staggering or slurring in the way they would inevitably have done in the UK.对于我们当中那些不喝酒——或者以我自己为例——仅偶尔喝一杯的人来说，他人饮酒量的下降，以及与之相随的危害社会公共利益问题的减少，是一种令人愉快的新变化。
2016考研英语最新时文精读精析：希腊危机
本篇时文阅读来自英国《金融时报》，原文标题为《强硬欧元区仍给予希腊最后机会》Unyielding eurozone gives Athens last chance。
大家应该会留意到，在很多经济报道中希腊频繁出现在头版位置，那么希腊到底怎么了?这是我们2016考研学子需要关注的考研英语经济话题。
本年初，欧央行宣布将暂停希腊国债作为抵押品可享有的信用评级豁免权，这意味着希腊银行将无法通过抵押希腊债券获得欧洲央行的紧急流动性。
这就造成了之后的欧元大幅下挫，使希腊国债成为垃圾评级。
在这种情境下，希腊该怎样获得救赎?来看下面这篇文章： Athens will be given a final chance to present a new reform plan to eurozone leaders on Tuesday night despite a hardening attitude to Greece in many capitals after theemphatic rejection of previous bailout terms in Sunday’s referendum.雅典将被给予在周二晚向欧元区领导人提交新的改革计划的最后机会，尽管在希腊周日公投明确拒绝早先的纾困条款后，许多国家政府对希腊的态度转为强硬。
But eurozone officials said leaders were unlikely to agree to restart rescue talks to keep Greece in the currency union at a hastily-convened summit in Brussels despite the Greek overture.但欧元区官员表示，尽管希腊摆出合作姿态，但在匆忙安排的布鲁塞尔峰会上，各国领导人不太可能同意重启让希腊留在欧元区的纾困谈判。
2016英语(一)阅读Text3题源及解题技巧深度解析
2016英语（一）阅读Text3题源及解题技巧深度解析随着考生们忐忑不安的心情，2016考研英语已落下帷幕。
考生们应该是带着一种轻松的心情走出考场的。
因为今年英语一的传统阅读部分与往年相比，难度持平，没有明显的起伏。
下面笔者就阅读理解第三篇进行深度解析。
第三篇阅读理解选自2015年6月27日The Economics（《经济学人》）发表的名为“Halo Effect”的文章，其副标题是Do-gooding policies help firms when they get prosecuted（行善策略会使公司在面临诉讼时得到帮助），属于经济类题材的文章。
这篇文章五道考题难度不是很大，其中有两道细节，一道推理题，还有一道态度题和一道词义题。
每种题型的解题方法都离不开海文老师一直提倡的宏观阅读法。
只要抓住了这篇文章的主线，以及作者的态度，那么这五道题也就迎刃而解了。
首先，第一段作者通过引用Miltion Friedman的话引出了本文探讨的话题是CSR（企业的社会责任感），并在二句转折之后提出自己的观点，认为Friedman对CSR的界定含糊不清，实际上CSR能够给企业带来金钱价值，特别是面对贪污腐败案件的指控时。
由此可以看出作者对CSR持肯定的态度，并且认为能够给公司带来经济价值。
第二段则主要介绍了CSR给公司带来价值的三个具体的表现。
第三、第四段和第五段以腐败案件的研究为例，明确了CSR的记录使得公司在面临腐败案件指控时能够减轻罚款。
最后一段指出该研究虽然有缺陷，没有回答公司到底该为CSR支出多少费用的问题，但是最后一句呼应首段二句，再次深化主题：CSR会使公司在面临诉讼时得到帮助。
31题是一个态度题。
可以直接定位到首段二句，转折之后作者明确指出了自己的态度。
如果人们接受了Friedman对CSR的这一前提，那么实际情况就不会那么明确了。
也就是说，作者实际上认为Friedman的观点有不确定性。
2016考研英语阅读热点：欧元区和希腊说分手不容易
The outbreak of the first world war was, we are told,greeted with confidence and jubilation by thepeoples of Europe. Something similar seems to behappening after years of economic crisis and politicalturmoil in Greece. A growing number of people feelthat enough is now enough. The strident viewsexpressed in these pages by the Italian economist,Francesco Giavazzi, **are shared by many in highoffice. Meanwhile, Alexis Tsipras, the Greek primeminister, accuses Greece’s creditors of “pillaging” hiscountry. 据说，一战爆发时，欧洲各国民众自信而喜悦地欢呼这个消息。
在经过多年的希腊经济危机和政治动荡之后，现在似乎在发生类似的事情。
越来越多的人觉得，情况已忍无可忍。
意大利经济学家弗朗西斯科?贾瓦齐(Francesco Giavazzi)在本报表达的尖锐观点，在高层引发了很多同感。
与此同时，希腊总理亚历克西斯?齐普拉斯(Alexis Tsipras)指责希腊债权人“掠夺”他的国家。
Olivier Blanchard, the International Monetary Fund’s sober chief economist, indicates that a dealmight still be reached. But many are beginning to long to see the knot cut. Whatever game theGreeks thought they were playing, their government may now just desire an end to thehumiliation. Similarly, whatever game the eurogroup may have been playing, it may now justwant an end to the frustration. If so, Greek default, exit and devaluation could be fairly close. 国际货币基金组织(IMF)一向头脑清醒的首席经济学家奥利维尔?布兰查德(Olivier Blanchard)暗示，仍有可能达成协议。
2016考研英语一答案：阅读理解Text 3
2016考研英语一答案：阅读理解Text 3
31: B. skepticism
32: A. winning trust from consumers
33: C. less severe
34: A. has an impact on their decision
35: B. The necessary amount of companies' spending on it is unknown.
本文节选自《经济学人》（The Economist）名为The Halo Effect的文章。
文章主要谈论的是企业社会责任政策(Corporate social responsibility，CSR)。
开篇先从诺贝尔经济学家Milton Friedman的评论引出作者对CSR的看法，“CSR的政策并不是对股东财富的浪费，新的研究表明——CSR很可能对公司产生货币价值（至少在他们被指控腐败时）。
”全文围绕“CSR是如何给公司的业务增值”展开，并举出具体的例子和研究进行阐述。
首先提出企业责任政策花费虽然大，但是能因此博得顾客的好感。
之后则指出全面实施CSR项目的企业在受到诉讼时，法官也会在审判的时候排除政治因素而优先考虑企业之前的CSR担当，从而给予相对略低的罚金。
最后文章指出到底公司对这方面的花费是多少虽然不确定，但至少确定的是企业责任能帮助它们在法律面前获得相对较轻的处罚。
考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人
A global house-price slump is coming全球房价即将暴跌It won’t blow up the financial system, but it will be scary虽然不会摧毁金融体系，但仍然令人恐慌Over the past decade owning a house has meant easy money. Prices rose reliably for years and then went bizarrely ballistic in the pandemic. Yet today if your wealth is tied up in bricks and mortar it is time to get nervous.过去十年里，拥有一套房就意味着轻松赚钱。
房价多年来一直稳步上涨，甚至在疫情期间还异乎寻常地飙升了。
然而现如今，如果你的财富被套牢在房产上，那你应该感到紧张了。
House prices are now falling in nine rich economies. The drops in America are small so far, but in the wildest markets they are already dramatic. In condo-crazed Canada homes cost 9% less than they did in February.九个发达经济体的房价都在下跌。
到目前为止，美国房价的跌幅还不大，但最疯狂的市场的房价跌幅已经非常大了。
在热衷于共管公寓的加拿大，房价较今年2月下跌了9%。
As inflation and recession stalk the world a deepening correction is likely—even estate agents are gloomy. Although this will not detonate global banks as in 2007-09, it will intensify the downturn, leave a cohort of people with wrecked finances and start a political storm.随着通货膨胀和经济衰退的风险在全球范围内蔓延，房价或将迎来一场深度调整——甚至房地产经纪人也对此感到悲观。
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2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：希腊和欧元感谢凯程考研李老师对本文做出的重要贡献考研，对一个人来说，这个过程就是一个锻炼。
准备考研这个过程是非常艰难和乏味的。
如果坚持下来，会使你变得更坚强。
至于考上研，你的父母，亲戚朋友，都会对你刮目相看的。
念上研以后，对自己的动手能力，实践能力，交际能力，创新能力，等等，都有提高。
现凯程教育为考研考生们带来重要信息。
Greece and the euro希腊和欧元Crisis revisited危机重现The euro is still vulnerable, and Greece is not theonly problem欧元仍然脆弱不堪，而希腊不是其中唯一的问题。
IT WAS almost exactly five years ago that the eurocrisis erupted, starting in Greece. Investors who had complacently let all euro-zone countriesborrow at uniformly low levels abruptly woke up to the riskiness of an incompetentgovernment borrowing money in a currency which it could not depreciate. There is thus adismal symmetry in seeing the euro crisis flare up again in the place where it began.距上一次由希腊引爆的欧债危机已经过去整整五年了。
投资者曾经无所顾忌地以统一的低利率借钱给欧元区国家，现在却猛然醒悟，认识到一个无能的政府正在以不会贬值的货币不断地借钱。
欧元危机从当年开始的国家重新蔓延，不得不说是一次悲催的重蹈覆辙。
The proximate cause of the latest outbreak of nerves was the decision by the Greekgovernment, now headed by the generally competent Antonis Samaras, to advance thepresidential election to later this month. The presidency is largely ceremonial, but if Mr Samarascannot win enough votes in parliament for his candidate, Stavros Dimas, a general election willfollow. Polls suggest the winner would be Syriza, a populist party led by Alexis Tsipras.Although Mr Tsipras professes that he does not want to leave the euro, he is making promisesto voters on public spending and taxes that may make it hard for Greece to stay. Hence themarkets' sudden pessimism.导致投资者精神突然紧张的直接原因是希腊政府的决定。
现任希腊领导人Antonis Samaras相对还比较有能力，他将在本月晚些时候提前进行总统选举。
本次选举基本上是仪式性的，但如果Samaras不能在议会为其接班人Stavros Dimas赢得足够多的选票，接下来还会进行一次普选。
民意调查显示，由Alexis Tsipras 领导的民粹主义政党左翼联盟将会赢得普选。
尽管Tsipras表示他不会支持希腊脱离欧元区，但他在公开场合向选民做出的关于公共支出和税收的承诺会令希腊很难留在欧元区。
因此市场突然悲观情绪弥漫。
As it happens, there is a good chance that Mr Dimas, a former EU commissioner, will win thepresidential vote at the end of this month (see article). But the latest Aegean tragicomedy is atimely reminder both of how unreformed the euro zone still is and of the dangers lurking in itspolitics.刚巧，对于前欧盟委员Dimas来说是在本月底赢得总统选举的好机会。
但是，最近发生在这个爱琴海国家的悲喜剧在不断提醒人们，欧元区的改革是多么的止步不前，且其政治中隐藏了多少危机。
It is true that, ever since the pledge by the European Central Bank's president, Mario Draghi inJuly 2012 to “do whatever it takes”to save the euro, fears that the single currency might breakup have dissipated. Much has been done to repair the euro's architecture, ranging from theestablishment of a bail-out fund to the start of a banking union. And economic growth acrossthe euro zone is slowly returning, however anaemically, even to Greece and other bailed-outcountries.现实是，自从2012年7月欧洲央行主席Mario Draghi发誓要不惜一切代价拯救欧元之后，人们对于单一货币可能会崩溃的担忧消除了。
为了修复欧元的组织结构人们做了很多工作，从建立应急储备基金到开始统一银行业。
欧元区国家的经济，即使是希腊和其他获得援助的国家，也在缓慢增长。
But is that good enough? Even if the immediate threat of break-up has receded, the longer-term threat to the single currency has, if anything, increased. The euro zone seems to betrapped in a cycle of slow growth, high unemployment and dangerously low inflation. MrDraghi would like to respond to this with full-blown quantitative easing, but he is running intofierce opposition from German and other like-minded ECB council members (see article). Fiscalexpansion is similarly blocked by Germany's unyielding insistence on strict budgetarydiscipline. And forcing structural reforms through the two sickliest core euro countries, Italyand France, remains an agonisingly slow business.但是这就够了么?即使当下分崩离析的危险暂时解除了，欧元这一单一货币的长期危险反而增加了。
欧元区似乎被困在缓慢增长、高失业率和极其危险的低通胀怪圈里。
Draghi 希望能通过全面的量化宽松对这一困境做出反应。
但他的主张遭到了德国和其他持有相似观点的欧洲央行成员的激烈反对。
同样，德国坚持严格的预算控制不仅毫无成效也阻碍了财政扩张。
另外，强迫两个欧洲最疲弱的核心国家——意大利和法国进行结构改革，同样也进展缓慢。
Japan is reckoned to have had two “lost decades”; but in the past 20 years it grew by almost0.9% a year. The euro zone, whose economy has not grown since the crisis, is showing no signof dragging itself out of its slump. And Japan's political set-up is far more manageable thanEurope's. It is a single political entity with a cohesive society; the euro zone consists of 18separate countries, each with a different political landscape. It is hard to imagine it livingthrough a decade even more dismal than Japan's without some political upheaval.日本被认为已经经历了“失去的二十年”，但是在过去的20年中，日本基本保持了0.9%的年增长率。
欧元区的经济自从危机之后就没有增长，且没有任何迹象表明其有能力拜托这一困局。
而且日本的政治体系也比欧洲更易管控。
这是一个拥有单一政治实体的有凝聚力的社会;而欧元区有18个国家，每个都有不同的政治面貌。
很难想象如果没有一场政治巨变，欧元区能撑过一个比日本更悲催的十年。
Greece is hardly alone in having angry voters. Portugal and Spain both have elections next year,in which parties that are fiercely against excessive austerity are likely to do well. In Italythreeof the four biggest parties, Forza Italia, the Northern League and Beppe Grillo's Five Starmovement, are turning against euro membership. France's anti-European National Frontcontinues to climb in the opinion polls. Even Germany has a rising populist party that is againstthe euro.希腊不是唯一一个有着愤怒选民的国家。