翻译理论与实践试题及答案

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翻译理论与实践智慧树答案

翻译理论与实践智慧树答案

翻译理论与实践智慧树答案科目: 翻译理论与实践题型: 选择题1. 下列哪项不是译者在翻译时需要考虑的文化因素?A. 信仰B. 礼仪C. 种族D. 特长答案: D2. 下列哪个不是文化障碍的类型?A. 言语障碍B. 交际障碍C. 行为障碍D. 逻辑障碍答案: D3. 翻译中最基本的也是最重要的原则是什么?A. 信达雅B. 传神C. 意译D. 直译答案: A4. 常用的翻译技巧有哪些?A. 微调B. 加译C. 删译D. 全部都对答案: D5. 翻译的风格特点主要有几种?A. 浅显易懂型B. 优美文章型C. 客观精确型D. 全部都对答案: D题型: 填空题1. __________ 翻译是指在目标语种中加入某些适当的元素以进行更全面、更精确的信息传达。

答案: 加译2. 在进行情景翻译时,需要将原文中的语境、背景、文化因素等因素与译文的语境、背景、文化因素等进行 __________。

答案: 对等化3. 翻译的信息点是指 __________ 中传达的关键性信息。

答案: 原文4. 交替翻译是指将 __________ 切分成若干小部分,分别进行翻译且所有小部分的翻译结果相连接的翻译方式。

答案: 大段文字5. 翻译中的流畅度主要包括句子的 __________ 和句子之间的衔接。

答案: 语法结构题型: 判断题1. 语言障碍是指由于不同文化语境背景而导致的沟通障碍。

答案: 错误2. 对外汉语翻译中,直译和意译之间没有定性上的区别。

答案: 错误3. 翻译是一项高度受限制的专业,翻译员需对译文的语言、风格、结构、信息点等进行全面的分析和思考。

答案: 正确4. 翻译的最基本原则是信达雅,即要忠实地传达原文的意思,同时保持译文的风格、语言的流畅性。

答案: 正确5. 联想翻译是指根据原文中的某个词或短语的联想意义来对其进行翻译。

答案: 正确题型: 简答题1. 解释直译和意译的区别。

答案: 直译是指把以一种语言写出的原文一字不漏地翻译成目标语言,尽可能贴近译文语言的结构和表达方式。

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年湖南中医药大学

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案章节测试2023年湖南中医药大学

第一章测试1.下列哪一项不属于英语静态体现的方法?A:动词(词组) 充当句子各种成分B:用名词代替形容词,构成标题式短语(名词连用和复合名词)C:动词的弱化与虚化D:用形容词或副词表达动词意义答案:A2.汉语遵循“从总述到分述”的顺序模式,英语则相反。

A:错B:对答案:A3. A country comes to the end when its government goes to corruption.这个句子体现了哪种英语结构顺序?A:从主观到客观B:从分述到总述C:从客观到主观D:从总述到分述答案:A4.在下列因素里,哪些因素导致译者翻译英文需花费较多时间选择恰当的词义。

A:词义的引申和扩展B:文化的因素C:一词多义D:词的结构答案:ABC5.翻译中需要考虑的因素有哪些?A:情感色彩B:文化因素C:修辞D:作品产生的时代背景答案:ABCD6.下列哪些模式适用于英语表达A:焦点后置模式B:焦点前置模式C:上下主从层级模式D:空间顺序模式答案:BCD7.下列哪一选项最符合翻译过程中迁就目标语表达模式?答案:C8.以下哪些句子体现了增词翻译原则中的修辞性增词:A:At thirty-five, she had first learned what it is to be a mother. “她到35岁的时候才生平第一次尝到做母亲的滋味。

”B:There has been too much publicity about the case. “那件案子已经搞得满城风雨,人尽皆知了。

”C:We couldn’t count on his rationality. “我们不能指望他会讲道理。

”D:A. “Sesame street” is popular among children. “芝麻街少儿频道再儿童中很受欢迎。

”答案:AB9.英语表达中,动词地位不平等是客观存在的事实,主要体现在A:过去分词结构B:不定式结构C:现在分词结构D:无动词结构答案:ABCD10.汉语结构中主语缺失是一种十分普遍的现象,而英语中是不允许存在的。

《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)

《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)

《翻译理论与实践》30问(附答案)1 什么是翻译?翻译是跨语言、跨文化、跨社会的交际活动。

翻译的过程不仅是语言转换过程,且是反映不同社会特征的文化转换过程。

翻译是科学,因为它有规律可循;是艺术,因为它是译者对原文进行再创造的过程;是技能,因为译文的信息需要用译语以恰当的方式再现。

2 翻译的可能性和局限性是什么?翻译的可能性,建立在文化的共性上,而局限性建立在文化的个性上。

文化是一种复杂概念,大致可分为三类:物质文化、制度文化和心理文化。

语言属制度文化,因为它由社会中的人创造,有其使用规律,为全社会的人共有。

人类在同一个地球上生活繁衍,不同国家不同民族的人民都拥有上述三种文化,它们的许多共同之处便是翻译的基础。

由于人类居住的生态环境有别,各国社会历史不完全相同,各国人民表情达意的手法也有差别,它们都是文化交流的障碍,有些障碍甚至不可逾越,这便是造成翻译局限性的原因。

3 翻译和其它学科有关系吗?翻译是一门博大精深的学问,但它和语言诸学科和文化诸学科的关系最密切。

由于翻译至少涉及两种文化和两种语言,是跨文化、跨语言的交际,运用语言或文化科学指导翻译实践时,均需将有关学科进行对比。

所以,译学是“百科学”和译者是“杂家”的比喻,是一点也不过分的。

4 译者应该具备哪些素养?译者应能较熟悉地运用原语和译语,通达人情世故,了解作者和读者的心理,尊重作者和读者,尽力是自己成为沟通他们心灵的桥梁;译者要能“忘我”,尽量再现作者的意图和风格,而不是用自己的风格取而代之;译者应谦虚、大度,热爱学习、锲而不舍,要有将人类创造的全部知识来丰富自己的决心。

译无涯,学无涯。

5 翻译的从属性和创造性是什么?翻译是在科学指导下的艺术活动,需要译者在透彻理解原文的基础上进行再创造,但创造的目的是再现原文的意义和功能,创造的原则是服从于原文,从属于原文。

译者在翻译时好比是走钢丝的杂技演员,无论如何随着音乐的节奏和旋律手舞足蹈或前滚后翻,始终不能离开脚下的钢丝。

翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题及参考答案

翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题及参考答案

翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题第一周词的选择复习思考题:翻译下列句子,注意选词:我的表不准,每天快十多分钟。

时间过得真快!情人节快到了。

这把刀很快。

参考译文:My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧(词义引申)复习思考题练习:根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们?就是这十几年有发展。

2.由于全球气候变暖,海平面在一点点地上升。

3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。

4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。

5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。

6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整,亚太地区经济的迅速增长,给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。

在我国中长期发展中,也有不可制约的因素,突出的是:……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上,我曾说过,把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪,是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。

环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势,可以说是有喜有忧。

8.为了进行认真细致的考察,他很少乘车坐船,几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭,长途跋涉;为了弄清大自然的真相,他总是挑选道路艰险的山区,人迹稀少的森林进行考察,发现了许多奇山秀景。

9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用,2003年,这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障,农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外,还应从政府投资转向民间投资。

10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处,孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。

翻译理论与实践出版考核试卷

翻译理论与实践出版考核试卷
13. ABC
14. ABCD
15. ABCD
16. ABCD
17. ABC
18. ABC
19. ABCD
20. ABCD
三、填空题
1.雅
2.归化
3.文化
4.功能
5.预期
6.语境
7.审校
8.音译
9.专业素养
10.交际
四、判断题
1. ×
2. ×
3. √
4. ×
5. ×
6. √
7. ×
8. ×
9. √
10. ×
C.词汇的替换
D.语法结构的调整
2.以下哪一项不是翻译标准的基本原则?()
A.忠实
B.通顺
C.简洁
D.有创造性
3.在翻译实践中,直译通常指的是()
A.逐字翻译
B.保持原文风格
C.保留原文文化色彩
D.按照目标语的习惯调整
4.以下哪种翻译策略属于意译?()
A.保留原文的比喻
B.替换原文的比喻为适合目标语文化的表达
翻译理论与实践出版考核试卷
考生姓名:__________答题日期:_______年__月__日得分:____________判卷人:__________
一、单项选择题(本题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)
1.翻译活动的本质是()
A.语言的转换B.文化传播的程()8.以下哪种翻译策略通常用于处理专业术语和行业用语:______。
()
9.翻译理论与实践的结合,有助于提升译者的______和翻译技能。
()
10.在翻译出版考核中,不仅要考察译者的语言能力,还要考察其______能力。

华中师大《翻译理论与实践》期末考试备考资料全集题参考答案

华中师大《翻译理论与实践》期末考试备考资料全集题参考答案

华中师范大学网络学院《翻译理论与实践》练习测试题(答案及参考译文)一.在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。

每空1分。

共10分。

1.翻译是跨(语言)、跨(文化)、跨(社会)的交际活动。

2.篇章的粘连分(语义)粘连和(结构)粘连两大类,粘连的目的是实现篇章的(连贯)。

3.社会符号学的翻译标准是(语意)相符、(功能)相似。

4.格赖斯的(合作)原则和利奇的(礼貌)原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。

5.社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据,以符号学的意义观为核心。

语言符号具备三种意义,它们是(言内)意义、(指称)意义和(语用)意义。

6.语言对比是研究语言在(使用)中产生的意义。

7.泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则:A.译文应完整地再现原文的(思想内容)。

B.译文的(风格)、(笔调)应与原文的性质相同。

C.译文应像原文一样(流畅自然)。

8.汉语语法呈(隐含)性,英语语法呈(外显)性。

9.信、达、雅10.忠实通顺11.理解、表达校核12.译出语(或原文)译入语(或译文)13.口译笔译机器翻译14.意美音美形美15.直译16.合句法17.全译摘译编译18.切近自然信息19.口译笔译机器翻译20.易解丰姿21.归化22.神似23. 钱钟书先生提出:“文学翻译的最高标准是‘(化)’。

把作品从一国文字转变成另一国文字,既不能因语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹,又能完全保存原有的风味,那就算得入‘(化境)’”。

24.从涉及到的语言符号来看,翻译可分为(语内)翻译、(语际)翻译、和(符际)翻译。

(答题顺序可以颠倒)25.所谓功能指语言所具有的种种社会功能。

英国翻译理论家彼得·纽马克将其分为6种:(信息)功能、(表情)功能、(祈使)功能、美感功能、酬应功能和元语言功能。

26.将He is armed to the teeth译成“他全副武装”,采用的是(意译)的方法;将其译成“他武装到了牙齿”,采用的是(直译)的方法。

最新翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

最新翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型:一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)二、翻译句子。

(每小题3分,共30分)三、篇章翻译(每小题40分,共40分)四、案例分析题(每小题10分,共10分)一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。

A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的?_________。

A. dry goods:纺织品B.white goods:白色的货物C.white wine:白葡萄酒D.toilet water:花露水3. “This is a special offer and is not subject to our usual discounts” 请问下面哪个译文最合适?________。

A. 这是特殊报盘,不以我方通常折扣为条件。

B. 这是特惠报盘,我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。

C. 此系特惠报盘,不另加我方通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报盘,不局限于我们通常折扣。

4.下面哪句话的描述是错误的?________。

A.美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B.“动态对等”原则是指,运用交际理论和信息论的原理,将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较,使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。

C.奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。

D.翻译求的是“形式对等”,而非”动态对等”。

5._________提出了“美化之艺术,创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。

A.尤金.奈达B.泰特勒C.许渊冲D.鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的?_____。

A.赤脚医生:barefoot doctor B.纸老虎:paper tigerC.to show one’s cards:摊牌D.大海捞针:look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的?______。

翻译理论与实践

翻译理论与实践

翻译理论与实践当然,请看以下的试题,它们涵盖了“翻译理论与实践”这个主题:1. 翻译理论与实践的关系是()。

A. 相互独立B. 紧密联系C. 随意变动D. 没有关系2. 翻译的基本任务是()。

A. 把原文翻译得很生硬B. 把原文翻译得非常长C. 把原文的意思翻译出来D. 把原文翻译得非常短3. 翻译理论是翻译实践的()。

A. 基础B. 障碍C. 替代D. 无关4. 在翻译实践中,翻译者需要考虑的主要因素包括语言()。

A. 结构B. 习惯C. 国家D. 旅游5. 翻译的目的是()。

A. 创造文学作品B. 转换一种语言到另一种语言C. 让读者不理解D. 保持原文风格不变6. 翻译过程中最重要的挑战之一是()。

A. 确保译文比原文长B. 保留原文所有的语法错误C. 保持翻译文本的流畅性和准确性D. 随意改变原文的结构7. 翻译实践的成功取决于()。

A. 翻译者的能力和经验B. 电脑程序的速度C. 译文的价格D. 翻译过程的长度8. 翻译理论的发展与()有关。

A. 本国的文化B. 机器的速度C. 电影的票房D. 图书馆的开放时间9. 翻译的复杂性在于()。

A. 只有一种解决方法B. 只有一种语言C. 多种语言和文化之间的差异D. 只有一种读者10. 翻译理论的研究主要关注()。

A. 译者的姓名B. 语言的音调C. 翻译过程的规律D. 电脑的价格11. 翻译的实践在不同的文化背景下可能会()。

A. 完全一样B. 有所不同C. 每天更改D. 没有人理解12. 翻译中的文化差异对()可能产生重要影响。

A. 翻译诗歌B. 阅读报纸C. 听音乐D. 翻译菜谱13. 翻译的挑战之一是()。

A. 让译文比原文短B. 仅仅翻译单词C. 保持风格和语气D. 简单复制原文14. 翻译实践中的专业翻译人员需要具备()。

A. 电脑的速度B. 多种语言知识和技能C. 忽略语言结构D. 将译文变成垃圾15. 翻译的主要目的之一是()。

《翻译理论与实践》练习答案

《翻译理论与实践》练习答案

一.翻译部分(汉译英部分)1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified water pollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.8. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.9. In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if thecompetition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.10. More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music,play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.11. China is already the world’s third largest producer o f electronics, and becoming a player inthe global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.12. Green, h uman, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance theenvironmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.13. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.14. The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of livingstandards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed. Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.15. Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourishis not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.16. A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwidereceived a total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled 2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden week”.17. According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increasetransfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.18. A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. Thishas been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.19. In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence andmaterial science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward an intelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.20. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmentalprotection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.21. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.22. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other.Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.23. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.24. Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is nowplaying a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.25. In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion USdollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games.They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.26. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quiteappreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmlywelcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gofu films.(英译汉部分)英译汉讲义答案Section One Sentence Translation1. 如何运用新的管理方式和观念来改造一个服务性企业,英航在这方面的确提供了一个范例。

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案Ⅰ. Directions: Translate the following passage into English, using the words and phrases given below.(1小题*40=40)史蒂芬·霍金博士是世界上最著名的理论物理学家之一。

乍一看,他是一个坐在电动轮椅上个子矮小的人。

他在攻读博士学位时得了一种无法治愈(incurable) ALS病。

虽然这种病没有日渐恶化,但有一段时间霍金无法面对他失去正常行动和讲话的能力这一事实。

直到他与一个叫简的女孩订婚后才又振作起来。

现在,霍金博士保持每天工作8小时以上,并取得了令全球瞩目的成就。

II.Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.(2小题*30=60)1.The Yellow River ranks the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world. The word “yellow” describes the muddy water of the river. The Yellow River,one of several rivers for China to live on,originates from Qinghai,flows through nine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea. The river basin is not only the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization,but also the most prosperous region in the early history of China. However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it has caused many disasters. In the past few decades,the government has taken various measures to prevent disasters.2.With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or patients in critical conditions. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.翻译理论与实践参考答案1.Dr. Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous theoretical physicists in the world. At firstsight he is a small figure in an electric wheelchair. When he worked for PHD, he had incurable ALS. Though the disease didn’t worsen day by day, but for some time Hawking couldn’t face up to the fact that he lost his abilities to move and speak normally. He didn’t pull himself together until he was engaged to a girl, Jane. Now, Prof. Hawking keeps up working more than 8 hours a day and has made great achievements which draw global attention to.2.黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

翻译理论试题及答案

翻译理论试题及答案

翻译理论试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共10分)1. 翻译理论中的“直译”指的是:A. 逐字逐句翻译B. 保持原文风格C. 完全按照原文的字面意思翻译D. 根据目标语言习惯进行适当调整2. 以下哪位学者提出了“功能对等”理论?A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林3. 在翻译过程中,译者应该优先考虑的是:A. 原文作者的意图B. 目标语言读者的接受度C. 翻译的准确性D. 翻译的流畅性4. “动态对等”是以下哪位翻译理论家的观点?A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗拉基米尔·普罗普D. 雅各布·格林5. 翻译理论中的“等效原则”主要强调的是:A. 语言的直接对应B. 信息的传递效果C. 文化的忠实度D. 风格的相似性二、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 简述翻译中的“忠实度”原则,并举例说明。

2. 解释“动态对等”和“形式对等”的区别,并说明在实际翻译中如何选择。

3. 描述翻译理论中的“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”的概念。

4. 阐述翻译过程中如何处理文化差异。

三、论述题(每题15分,共30分)1. 论述翻译理论中的“目的论”及其对翻译实践的影响。

2. 分析翻译中的“创造性”原则,并讨论其在文学翻译中的应用。

四、案例分析题(共40分)1. 阅读以下原文和译文,分析译者在翻译过程中可能采用的策略,并评价其翻译效果。

(20分)原文:“明月几时有?把酒问青天。

不知天上宫阙,今夕是何年。

”译文:"When will the moon be clear and bright? With a cup of wine in my hand, I ask the blue sky. I do not know what year it is in the heavenly palace."2. 根据所提供的翻译理论,分析以下翻译案例中存在的问题,并提出改进建议。

翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与‎实践》期末复习题型:一、选择题(每小题2分‎,共20分)二、翻译句子。

(每小题3分‎,共30分)三、篇章翻译(每小题40‎分,共40分)四、案例分析题‎(每小题10‎分,共10分)一、选择题(每小题2分‎,共20分)1.美国语言学‎家罗曼.雅各布森把‎翻译分成_‎_____‎____。

A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都‎正确2. 下面哪个选‎项是错误的‎?_____‎____。

A. dry goods‎:纺织品B.white‎ goods‎:白色的货物‎C.white‎ wine:白葡萄酒D.toile‎t water‎:花露水3.‎“This is a speci‎a l offer‎ and is not subje‎c t to our usual‎ disco‎u nts”‎请问下面哪‎个译文最合‎适?_____‎___。

A. 这是特殊报‎盘,不以我方通‎常折扣为条‎件。

B. 这是特惠报‎盘,我方通常折‎扣不适应于‎此盘。

C. 此系特惠报‎盘,不另加我方‎通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报‎盘,不局限于我‎们通常折扣‎。

4.下面哪句话‎的描述是错‎误的?_____‎___。

A.美国著名翻‎译理论家奈‎达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B.“动态对等”原则是指,运用交际理‎论和信息论‎的原理,将焦点从传‎统的译文与‎原文两个文‎本的比较转‎移到两个过‎程的比较,使人们注意‎到影响信息‎接收的各种‎语言和文化‎因素。

C.奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成‎了“功能对等”原则。

D.翻译求的是‎“形式对等”,而非”动态对等”。

5. _____‎____提‎出了“美化之艺术‎,创优似竞赛‎”的翻译理念‎。

A.尤金.奈达B.泰特勒C.许渊冲D.鲁迅6. 下面哪个配‎对是错误的‎?_____‎。

A.赤脚医生:baref‎o ot docto‎r B.纸老虎:paper‎ tiger‎C.to show one’s cards‎:摊牌D.大海捞针:look for a needl‎e in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描‎述是正确的‎?_____‎_。

翻译理论与实践

翻译理论与实践

翻译理论与实践(笔译)试题注意事项:1、试卷分I卷和Ⅱ卷;2、Ⅰ卷答案必须填涂在Ⅱ卷指定位置内;3、考试结束后,将Ⅱ卷交回。

第I卷PART ONEⅠ. Multiple Choice Questions(32 points, 4 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness and write it down on the answer sheet.1.Bill was given a chair and asked to wait a little as darkness came on, then suddenly the whole bridge was outlined in lights.A.天快黑了,有人给比尔一把椅子,请他坐下等一会儿。

忽然电灯全亮了,整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

B.给比尔一把椅子,他被要求坐下等一会儿,天快黑了。

忽然电灯全亮了,照出了整座大桥的轮廓。

C.天快黑了,有人给比尔一把椅子,请他坐下等一会儿。

忽然电灯全亮了,照出了整座大桥的轮廓。

D.给比尔一把椅子,他被要求坐下等一会儿,天快黑了。

忽然电灯全亮了,整座大桥的轮廓被灯照了出来。

2.It will strengthen you to know that you distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated.A.这会使你坚定地认识到,你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案2024年山东第二医科大学

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到答案2024年山东第二医科大学

翻译理论与实践山东第二医科大学智慧树知到答案2024年第一章测试1.在理论方面,曾针对当时赵景深的“宁顺而不信”的提法,提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。

()A:瞿秋白B:鲁迅C:梁实秋D:严复答案:B2.Who stated that “Translation is first a science, secondly a skill and thirdly anart”?()。

A:NidaB:Peter NewmarkC:Charles R. TaberD:Theodore SavoryE:Eugene.答案:A3.钱钟书先生在“林纾的翻译”一文中提出了一条新的标准,即“文学翻译的最高标准是。

()A:达B:信C:化D:雅答案:C4.Please choose the best translation for the sentence “It was a cold winter day”.()A:这是冬天寒冷的一天。

B:这是寒冬的一天。

C:这是一个寒冷的冬日。

D:这是一个寒冷的冬天。

答案:C5.广义上下文,指该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境,这就是,即在该单位的周围,在该单位之外,亦即在与之毗连的各个句子中的语言单位的总和。

()A:句法上下文B:词汇上下文C:话语上下文D:段落上下文答案:C第二章测试1.在《文化语言学》(修订本)一书中,将文化分为哪几类?()A:物质文化、制度文化和心理文化B:物质文化和精神文化答案:A2.文化冲突包括哪两个方面?()A:词义空缺和词义冲突B:一词多意和语义联想答案:A3.汉英两种语言在句法上最主要的区别是什么?()A:左分支结构和右分支结构B:意合和形合答案:B4.本体型思维是以什么为主体?()A:以物本为主体B:以人本为主体答案:B5.汉语句子和英语句子的语义重心有什么不同?()A:汉语是前重心,英语是后重心B:汉语是后重心,英语是前重心答案:B6.中国人的思维模式基本上是首先考虑事物的环境和外围因素,然后考虑具体事物或中心事件,这种思维模式导致汉语句子呈现什么结构?()A:“左分支”结构B:“右分支结构”答案:A第三章测试1.据传说,五十年代中期,渠那边庄子有一个黄花闺女,为了抗拒父母包办的婚姻,大白天就跑过斗渠到这屋里来上吊。

翻译理论与实践考试题库

翻译理论与实践考试题库

翻译理论与实践考试题库一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 翻译理论中的“信、达、雅”是由哪位翻译家提出的?A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 王力D. 钱钟书2. 在翻译过程中,哪种方法强调原文的忠实度?A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译3. 翻译理论中,“功能主义”是由哪位学者提出的?A. 奈达B. 霍姆斯C. 斯奈尔-霍恩比D. 费舍尔4. 下列哪个选项不是翻译过程中可能遇到的问题?A. 文化差异B. 语言障碍C. 翻译技巧D. 语言风格5. 翻译理论中的“交际翻译”是指什么?A. 翻译者与原文作者的交流B. 翻译者与目标语言读者的交流C. 原文与译文的交流D. 原文与目标语言的交流6. 翻译理论中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的?A. 奈达B. 霍姆斯C. 斯奈尔-霍恩比D. 费舍尔7. 在翻译实践中,哪种翻译策略更注重原文的文化内涵?A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译8. 翻译理论中的“交际翻译”主要强调的是什么?A. 原文的忠实度B. 译文的流畅性C. 译文的可读性D. 译文的交际功能9. 翻译理论中的“翻译单位”通常指的是什么?A. 词汇B. 句子C. 段落D. 文章10. 在翻译实践中,哪种翻译方法更注重译文的可读性?A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 形译二、简答题(每题10分,共30分)1. 简述翻译理论中的“交际翻译”与“语义翻译”的区别。

2. 描述翻译过程中如何处理文化差异,并举例说明。

3. 阐述翻译理论中的“功能主义”对翻译实践的影响。

三、论述题(每题25分,共50分)1. 论述翻译理论中的“动态对等”理论,并结合实际翻译案例进行分析。

2. 论述翻译实践中如何处理语言风格的差异,并给出具体的翻译策略。

四、翻译实践题(共30分)请将以下中文段落翻译成英文,并注意保持原文的语义、风格和文化内涵。

原文:随着全球化的不断深入,跨文化交流变得越来越重要。

翻译作为跨文化交流的重要工具,不仅要忠实于原文,还要考虑到目标语言的文化背景和读者的接受能力。

翻译理论与实践试题及答案

翻译理论与实践试题及答案

翻译理论与实践试题一、选择题(在四个选项中选择一个正确答案):20%1. 中国古代佛经翻译家------提出了“既须求真,又须喻俗”的翻译思想。

A. 鸠摩罗什B. 玄奘C.安世高D。

释道安2. 严复说的“一名之立,旬月踟躇”是指---------------------。

A. 翻译一部书要化一个月时间作准备B 翻译一个术语往往要考虑很久C.只有化苦功才能翻译成一部名著D.书名的翻译颇费思量3..下列四句,----句的表述是不正确的。

A. 鲁迅提出过“宁信而不顺”的翻译观点。

B. 马建忠主张“善译”的翻译标准。

C. 钱钟书认为文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。

D. 傅雷认为文学翻译的最高境界是“形似”。

4.下列四位翻译家中,英译《红楼梦》的是------。

A. 林语堂B. 杨宪益C. 杨必D. 鲁迅5.英国语言学家M.A.K.Halliday提出的构成语境三要素中,fields of discourse指---------------------------。

A. 交际内容B. 交际方式C. 交际风格D. 交际地点6. 多用被动语态是----------的一个比较明显的语法特点。

A. 广告英语B. 科技英语C. 新闻英语D. 法律英语7. “意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文的意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于------的形式。

A.词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段8.. ------翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。

A. 朱生豪B. 卞之琳C. 梁实秋D. 林语堂9. fast, firm, secure三个同义词中,firm的正规程度介于前后两者之间,由此可以判定,它最有可能源自------。

A. 法语B. 拉丁语C.盎格鲁-撒克逊语D. 德语10. 下列四种“语体”中,--------的语言最为正规。

A. 广告英语B. 法律英语C. 新闻英语D. 科技英语二、问答题:30%1. 为什么严复要在他的翻译标准中加上一个“雅”字?你认为现在我们应该怎样理解这个“雅”字?2、.我们可以通过观察哪几种“语域标志”来区别英语语言的正规程度?请举例说明其中两种。

应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案

应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案

应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案翻译是一种沟通的手段,早在古代的双语文化时代,翻译就已经是不可或缺的工作。

现在随着全球化的加速和国际交流的不断增多,翻译的地位变得越来越重要。

由于语言是人类沟通的重要工具,通过翻译可以让不同语言和文化背景的人交流,促进文化交流和经济发展。

而应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题则是帮助人们更好地进行翻译的工具。

下面是这个课后练习题的答案。

一、翻译常见问题1. 翻译的困难之处•语言障碍•文化背景不同•翻译难度高•工作量大2. 翻译常见误区•直译•意译不当•文化概念不同•翻译结果不准确3. 翻译的技巧•理解原文•使用术语词汇•意会句意•掌握翻译技巧二、翻译实操练习1. 阅读原文As the world is becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.2. 翻译成中文由于世界变得更加移动和多元化,组织机构和学术机构更需要口译服务。

事实上,美国劳工统计局预测,从2014年到2024年,口译和笔译员的就业人数将增长29%,远高于所有职业的平均增长率。

3. 翻译成英文With the world becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.三、翻译技巧练习1. 判断译文是否准确原文:We will meet at 2:30 in the afternoon.译文:我们将在下午2点半见面。

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖南师范大学

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖南师范大学

翻译理论与实践智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖南师范大学湖南师范大学第一章测试1.下列不属于翻译的是()。

A:古代汉语与现代汉语之间的转换 B:用文字解释一副图画 C:甲用同一种语言转述乙的话 D:湘方言与赣方言之间的转换答案:用文字解释一副图画2.将“翻译”比作“仆人”意在强调()。

A:翻译的地位之高 B:翻译的难度之大 C:翻译的责任之大 D:翻译的价值之高答案:翻译的难度之大3.下列不属于非文学翻译的类型是()。

A:社科作品的翻译 B:产品说明书的翻译 C:旅游景点介绍的翻译 D:科幻作品的翻译答案:产品说明书的翻译4.易之本在于()。

A:变 B:变化 C:化 D:易答案:易5.人类智慧是人工智慧的()。

A:创造产品 B:延伸 C:创造者 D:合作者答案:创造产品第二章测试1.从语言运用考察传播,传播分为同语传播与异语传播。

()A:对 B:错答案:对2.翻译传播过程的系统模式用以解释整个过程中子系统、各要素及相关因素的互动关系,又可分为:()。

A:叠加系统模式 B:单一系统模式 C:交叉系统模式 D:复合系统模式答案:单一系统模式;复合系统模式3.根据传播的媒介方式,翻译传播现象划分不正确的选项包括:()A:个体翻译传播 B:纸媒介翻译传播 C:公共标识翻译传播 D:人际翻译传播答案:个体翻译传播4.媒介作为翻译传播过程要素之一,不包括()。

A:讯息传递的渠道、中介物和工具B:讯息传递的技术手段C:从事讯息采集、加工制作和传播的社会组织 D:出版社答案:出版社5.国际上四大主流通讯社包括:美联社、合众国际社、路透社和()。

A:新华社 B:CNN C:BBC D:法新社答案:法新社第三章测试1.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months ofdecline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing” and fuelling speculation that Beijing willsoon order an interest rate rise. 以下断句更为恰当的是()A:Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months ofdecline, // challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineeringa smooth economic “soft landing” //and fuelling speculation that Beijing willsoon order an interest rate rise. B:Chinese industrial output growthrebounded in August after months of decline, // challenging hopes that thegovernment is successfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing”and fuelling speculation //that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.答案:Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August aftermonths of decline, // challenging hopes that the government issuccessfully engineering a smooth economic “soft landing” //andfuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.2.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because ofit-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replacewith more advanced digital systems. 以下断句更为恰当的是()A:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-//China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era //by bypassing many of thecostly transitional technologies //that industrial nations are now seeking toreplace with more advanced digital systems. B:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog intothe digital era// by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologiesthat industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.答案:Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhapsbecause of it-//China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era //bybypassing many of the costly transitional technologies //that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.3.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclearmaterials and technology in an important step to bring its policies onproliferation in line with those of Western powers. 以下断句更为恰当的是()A:China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclearmaterials and technology // in an important step to bring its policies onproliferation in line with those of Western powers. B:China has joined themultilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step// to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.答案:China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export ofnuclear materials and technology // in an important step to bring itspolicies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.第四章测试1.在许多情况下,“引申词意”和“化解词意”实际上是相似的。

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翻译理论与实践试题
一、选择题(在四个选项中选择一个正确答案):20%
1. 中国古代佛经翻译家------提出了“既须求真,又须喻俗”的翻译思想。

A. 鸠摩罗什
B. 玄奘
C.安世高D。

释道安
2. 严复说的“一名之立,旬月踟躇”是指---------------------。

A. 翻译一部书要化一个月时间作准备
B 翻译一个术语往往要考虑很久
C.只有化苦功才能翻译成一部名著
D.书名的翻译颇费思量
3..下列四句,----句的表述是不正确的。

A. 鲁迅提出过“宁信而不顺”的翻译观点。

B. 马建忠主张“善译”的翻译标准。

C. 钱钟书认为文学翻译的最高标准是“化”。

D. 傅雷认为文学翻译的最高境界是“形似”。

4.下列四位翻译家中,英译《红楼梦》的是------。

A. 林语堂
B. 杨宪益
C. 杨必
D. 鲁迅
5.英国语言学家M.A.K.Halliday提出的构成语境三要素中,fields of discourse指---------------------------。

A. 交际内容
B. 交际方式
C. 交际风格
D. 交际地点
6. 多用被动语态是----------的一个比较明显的语法特点。

A. 广告英语
B. 科技英语
C. 新闻英语
D. 法律英语
7. “意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文的意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于------的形式。

A.词句
B. 词句和比喻
C. 各种修辞手段
D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段
8.. ------翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。

A. 朱生豪
B. 卞之琳
C. 梁实秋
D. 林语堂
9. fast, firm, secure三个同义词中,firm的正规程度介于前后两者之间,由此可以判定,它最有可能源自------。

A. 法语
B. 拉丁语
C.盎格鲁-撒克逊语
D. 德语
10. 下列四种“语体”中,--------的语言最为正规。

A. 广告英语
B. 法律英语
C. 新闻英语
D. 科技英语
二、问答题:30%
1. 为什么严复要在他的翻译标准中加上一个“雅”字?你认为现在我们应该怎样理解
这个“雅”字?
2、.我们可以通过观察哪几种“语域标志”来区别英语语言的正规程度?请举例说明其中两种。

三.、段落翻译:50%
Habits
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually contracted. When a person does a certain thing once and again, he is impelled by same unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible to shake off. It is therefore very important that we should exercise great care in the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older people also form bad habits, and in some cases ruined by them.
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are great blessings. Many successful men declare that they owe much of their prosperity to the formation of certain habits in early life, such as punctuality, early rising, honesty, and thoroughness.
Among the habits which children should shun are slovenliness, rudeness, laziness, lying, stealing, and slandering. These are habits which soon fasten themselves on people. Unfortunately, older people often form habits which ought to have been avoided, such as swearing, drunkenness, gambling, and others even more dreadful.
We should keep from all these vices, and strive to acquire such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
《翻译理论与实践》参考答案
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)
1.B
2.B
3.D
4.B
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.C
9.A 10.B
二、问答题(每题15分,共30分)
1. 因为严复所处时代背景是19世纪末年,他的译作的读者主要是对改良主义表示同情、但又大都厚古薄今的“文人学士”。

因此,严复认为惟有文字“典雅”才能吸引这些读者,让他们有机会了解西方的先进思想。

同时,严复本人也反对新文化运动,反对白话文。

现在的理解:不能片面追求文字“典雅”。

“雅”可以理解为“文体风格的对应”。

1.四种“语域标志”:语音层,词汇层,句子层,语段层。

举例……
三、段落翻译:(50分)
说习惯
习惯无论好坏,总是逐渐形成的。

当一个人一而再、再而三地做同一件事时,自然就会有一种看不见的力量驱使他重复地再做这一件事,这就形成了一种习惯。

习惯一旦形成,想要动摇它就很困难,有时甚至是不可能的。

因此,对于习惯的形成,我们应该大加注意,这是很要紧的。

孩子们常常养成一些坏习惯,其中有些可能就终生保留下来。

年长者也会养成一些坏习惯,而坏习惯有时会毁了他们。

另外也有一些好习惯,如果能在年轻时加以培养,是很有好处的。

许多成功者说,他们能获得成功主要还得归功于年轻时养成的好习惯,比如守时、早起、诚实、以及做事有始有终等。

在孩子们应该避免的坏习惯中主要有草率、卤莽、懒惰、说谎、偷盗和诽谤等。

这些习惯都是人们极易沾染上的。

不幸的是,年长者也常常养成一些本该可以避免的坏习惯,例如随便发誓、纵酒、赌博以及其他一些更可怕的习惯。

我们应该远离所有这些坏习惯,同时努力培养那些于人于己都有益处的好习惯。

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