新课标大学英语_综合教程2(英汉互译)

新课标大学英语综合教程2（英汉互译）
Unit 1
4 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 On university campuses in Europe, mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students, with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice.
在欧洲的大学校园里，大学生以新的姿态和激情地投入到自由和正义的事业中去，大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权者之间日益升级的暴力冲突。

2 These days political, social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college, but in spite of it. Of course, it’s true that higher education is still important. For example, in the UK, Prime Minister Blair was close to achieving his aim of getting 50 per cent of all under thirties into college by 2010 (even though a cynic would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics).
现在，政治、社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力，而是冲破其阻力才发生的。

当然，一点不假，高等教育仍然重要。

例如，在英国，布莱尔首相几乎实现了到2010年让50％的30岁以下的人上大学的目标，（即使愤世嫉俗的人会说，这是要把他们排除在失业统计数据之外）。

3 I never hoped to understand the nature of my generation or how American colleges are changing by going to Lit Theory classes. This is the class where you look cool, a bit sleepy from too many late nights and wearing a T-shirt with some ironic comment such as“Been there, done that and yes, this IS the T-shirt”.
我从没指望通过上文学理论课来了解我这一代人的特征，或了解美国大学是如何在变化的。

这门课是让你在课堂上扮酷的——带着一丝熬夜太多的困劲儿，穿着一件T恤衫，上面印着“去过那儿，干过那事儿，对，这就是那件T恤衫”，或诸如此类带有讥讽意味的俏皮话。

4 We’re a generation that comes from what has been called the short
century (1914－1989), at the end of a century of war and revolution which changed civilizations, overthrew repressive governments, and left us with extraordinary opportunities and privilege, more than any generation before.
我们这一代人来自所谓的短世纪（1914－1989），生于其末尾。

这个世纪充满了战争和革命，它改变了人类文明，推翻了强权政府，给我们留下了非同寻常的机会和特权，我们所得到的机会与特权比从前任何一代人都要多。

5 Translate the sentences into English.
1政府采取的一系列措施不但没有化解矛盾，反倒激起更多的暴力冲突。

反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工，最终导致政府的垮台。

( give rise to; form an alliance with; launch; bring about)
Instead of resolving contradictions, the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes. The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike, which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government.
2如今，大学与现实世界的距离越来越小，学生也变得越来越实际。

从前，大学是一象牙塔，学者追求的是学问本身而不是把学问作为达到目的的手段，但这样的时代已经一去不复返了。

( shrink; gone are the days; a means to an end)
Nowadays, the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and the students are
becoming more and more practical. Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which scholars pursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end.
3我从未指望靠上课来学好这门课。

但我确实去听课，因为在课上我能了解这门课的重点，学会如何组织材料、如何推理。

(hope; by doing…; the place where)
I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures. But I did go to lectures, for it was the place where I could get the important points of the course and learn how to organize materials and how to reason.
4我一直想方设法解决这个难题，但就是找不到满意的答案。

可是当我去厨房喝饮料的时候，我突然间灵机一动，意识到解决问题的方法实际上可能很简单。

( work out; click)
Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem, I cannot work out a satisfactory solution. But when I went to the kitchen to get a drink, something clicked and made me realize that the solution might be quite simple.
Unit 2
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 Such motor mimicry, as it is called, is the original technical sense of the word empathy as it was first used in the 1920s by E. B. Titchener, an American psychologist. Titchener’s theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself.
这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是“同感”这个词于20世纪20年代由美国心理学家E·B·铁钦纳首次使用时的原始技术含义。

铁钦纳的理论是：同感萌发自对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿，这种模仿继而在自己心里引起同样的感受。

2 He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy, which can be felt for the general plight of another with no sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling. Motor mimicry fades from toddlers’repertoire at around two and a half years, at which point they realize that someone else’s pain is different from their own, and are better able to comfort them.
他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词；同情是针对他人的一般困境而发的，无须分担他人的任何感受。

小孩两岁半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为，那时他们会意识到别人的痛苦与自己的不同，会更有能力安慰别人。

3 I also love the split-second shocked expression on the new people, the hasty smiles and their best imitations of what they think of as their "normal faces". If they do the ritual well enough I turn my head ever so slightly and tuck my hair behind one of my ears, whichever one’s closer to them.
我也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情、匆忙的微笑和他们竭力装出的“正常脸色”。

如果他们这套仪式做得够好，我就会微微转过头，把头发掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面。

4“I mostly just read lips because it was easier to pick up than signing, although that’s not the only reason I was staring at your lips,”I told him. He laughed. We talked more, and then the host upped the music volume and dimmed the lights for the“dance floor”, and I had to lean in much, much closer to be able to continue reading his lips in the semi-darkness. And read his lips I did.
我告诉他说：“我基本上只读口形，因为这比用手语更容易，尽管这不是我一直盯着你的嘴唇的唯一原因。

”他大笑起来。

我们又说了一会儿话。

后来，主人放大音乐的音量，调暗“舞池”的灯光；我不得不凑近他，近得多得多，以便能在昏暗中接着读他的口形。

我的确看清了他的嘴唇。

6 Translate the sentences into English.
1一看见抽屉里的那些老照片，我的眼泪就涌了出来。

它们让我想起了我跟爷爷奶奶、爸爸
妈妈、兄弟姐妹一起生活的美好时光。

( the moment; well up)
The moment I saw those old photos in the drawer, tears welled up in my eyes, for my memory went back to the days when I lived happily with my grandparents, my parents and my brothers and sisters.
2有个学生踩到地上的一滩水滑倒了。

周围的人反应各异，有的关心地走上前去看他是否受伤了、能为他做点什么；有的则站在一边不知所措；有的干脆就不理。

( diverge from; approach; confuse over; tune out)
When a student slipped on a pool of water and fell over, people’s reaction diverged from one another. Some approached caringly to see if he was hurt and if they could help; some just stood there confusing over what to do about it; while others just tuned out.
3上星期六上午，我像往常一样去超市购物。

我刚要打开车门，却发现没带钱包。

我只好回家去找，可是哪儿也找不到。

( do the usual; do nothing but; fail to do)
Last Saturday morning, I did the usual and went shopping in the supermarket. When I was about to open the door of my car, I found that I did not have my wallet on me. I could do nothing but go back home in search of it, but I failed to find it anywhere.
4我上小学二年级的时候，我们班有个同学得到的生日礼物是一辆红色的遥控车。

我们大家只有羡慕的份，却不能也去买一辆，因为那种遥控车很贵，而且还是在香港买的，那时候在我们看来香港和美国一样遥不可及。

( could only; as far as)
When I was a second grader, one of my classmates got a red radio control toy car as a birthday gift. The rest of us could only admire, but could not imitate, because the car was expensive and was bought in Hong Kong, a place which seemed to us as far away as America.
Unit 3
6 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 That was the strapline of the 200
2 film Catch Me if You Can, which tells the story of Frank Abagnale, Jr. (Leonardo DiCaprio), a brilliant young master of deception who at different times impersonated a doctor, a lawyer, and an airplane pilot, forging checks worth more than six million dollars in 26 countries. He became the youngest man to ever make the FBI’s most-wanted list for forgery.
这是2002年的电影《有种来抓我》的剧情简介。

影片讲述了弗兰克·小阿巴格纳尔（列奥纳多·迪卡普里欧饰演）的故事，影片的主人公是一位聪明绝顶的年轻骗术大师，曾在不同时间扮演医生、律师和飞行员的角色，在26个国家伪造了价值六百万美元以上的支票。

他成了联邦调查局伪造罪头号通缉令名单上最年轻的人。

2 Since 2003, identity theft has become increasingly common. Few people could imagine how important things like taking mail to the post office and not leaving it in the mailbox for pickup, shredding documents instead of throwing them out with the trash, even using a pen costing a couple of bucks, have become to avoid life-changing crimes.
2003年以来，身份盗窃案变得越来越常见。

很少有人会想象到，为了防止改变人生的犯罪，像把邮件拿到邮局去寄而不是丢在信箱里等人来取、把文件切碎而不是把它们连同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用价值一两块美元的笔之类的事情已经变得多么重要。

3 If we’ve learned one thing from terrorists, not to mention action movies, it’s that a tool is also
a weapon. Globally accepted credit cards and the databases that support them are tools for taking the friction out of commerce. That’s another way of saying that they’re tools for extracting money from people with minimum effort on everyone’s part.
假如说我们从恐怖分子那里——更不用说从动作电影那里——学到了一招，那就是，工具也
是武器。

全球通用的信用卡和支持它们的数据库是去除商业摩擦的工具。

换句话说，它们是以让各方最省事的方式从人们那里取钱的工具。

4 Wherever universal identification leads, we don’t yet know how to manage a world in which everything can be linked to me, wherever I am. We don’t know yet how to balance the undoubted convenience of this world with the peril—vague, but apparently near—that we sense in the presence of all that information combined and consolidated, if only logically.
无论通用身份的前景如何，我们尚不知道该如何应付这样一个世界：在其中，无论我身在何处，一切都可能与我有关联。

我们尚不知道该如何在这世界给予我们的无可置疑的方便和我们在面对一切组合、强化了的（要是合理的话那该多好啊）信息时所感到的危险之间保持平衡。

这危险模糊，但显然很近。

7 Translate the sentences into English.
1这些文件很重要，内容要绝对保密。

如果要处理掉的话，应先把它们切碎，而不是直接当垃圾扔掉。

( content of which; tear up; instead of)
These are important documents, the content of which should be kept strictly confidential. If you need to dispose them, you must shred them instead of throwing them out with the trash.
2现在，像伪造支票、身份证和信用卡这类的白领犯罪已变得相当普遍。

尽管我们学会了许多防止被骗的招数，可是看起来我们随时都可能被骗。

( forge; prevent…from) Nowadays, white-collar crimes such as forging checks, ID cards and credit cards have become very common. Though we have learnt much about how to prevent ourselves from being cheated, it seems that we could be its victims at any time.
3地震已过去了好几个月，生活恢复了正常。

人们与平时一样忙着各自的事情。

但一个无法回避的事实是，地震给人们带来的精神创伤也许永远无法抹去。

( go about; there is no escaping the fact that…; mental trauma; wipe out)
It has been several months since the earthquake. Life has returned to normal, and people are busy going about their business. But there is no escaping the fact that the mental trauma the earthquake brought to people will never be wiped out.
4为什么说一个图书馆拥有大量可供随时阅览的新书及电子图书资源很重要呢？因为那样的话，学者们就可以了解自己学科领域里的最新进展，知道自己的研究是否有价值。

( matter; readily available to;if so)
Why does it matter that a library has many new books and electronic resources readily available to the readers? This is because if so, the scholars know the latest development in their own fields and know whether their research is valuable.
Unit 4
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 The objective importance of an event is obviously not enough–there are plenty of enormous global issues out there, with dramatic consequences, from poverty to global warming–but since they are ongoing, they don’t all make the headlines on the same day. 9/11, in contrast, was not just international, but odd, unexpected, and (in the sense that it was possible to identify with the plight of people caught up in the drama) very human.
一个事件光有客观重要性显然不够——世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫困到全球变暖——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都集中在同一天上头条。

对比之下，9/11不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的困境感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。

2 But TV news is not necessarily more objective or reliable than a newspaper report, since the
images you are looking at on your screen have been chosen by journalists or editors with specific objectives, or at least following set guidelines, and they are shown from a unique viewpoint. By placing the camera somewhere else you would get a different picture.
但是，电视新闻未必比报纸报道更客观或更可靠，因为你在屏幕上看到的图像是经记者或编辑根据特殊的目的，或至少是按照预定指示筛选过的；它们是从一个独特的视点展现给观众的。

如果把相机移到别的地方，你就会看到另一番景象。

3 The Internet provides an easy outlet for anyone with an opinion, and there’s nothing a newspaper editor likes more for reassurance about their work than feedback and opinions, as diverse as possible. Teenagers today don’t remember a time when they didn’t have the Internet, and reading a newspaper is something they only do if they have an assignment to write about the specific medium of print journalism.
互联网为任何有意见的人提供了一个便利的窗口；报纸编辑最喜欢的莫过于给他们提供各种不同的反馈和意见，他们能从中得到安慰。

如今十几岁的少年已不记得过过没有互联网的日子了；只有在写关于印刷新闻这一特定媒体的作业时他们才去读报。

4 So maybe the newspaper won’t die without a struggle. Trends for the future of newspaper include an increased demand for local news, and the continued exploitation of lifestyle journalism, which began in the late 1980s, especially within personal finance and travel, will create new revenue streams.
如此看来，报纸是不会轻易消失的。

将来报纸发展的趋势包括对本地新闻需求的日益增长，而始于20世纪80年代晚期的对生活方式新闻的持续开发利用——尤其在个人理财和旅游方面——将会创造新的收入来源。

6 Translate the sentences into English.
1这个消息来得如此突然、如此令人震惊，我在沙发上呆呆地坐了几分钟。

我的第一本能就是赶紧打电话把这件事告诉领导，看看我们能为那些在这起交通事故中死伤的同事做些什么。

(so…that; first instinct)
So sudden, so striking was the news that I sat motionless on sofa for a few minutes. My first instinct was to call our leaders to tell them what had happened and see what we can do for those colleagues who died or got injured in this traffic accident.
2纸版的儿童书与电子书相比有很大的优势。

对孩子们来说，一本印刷精美的纸版书不仅是一本书也是一个玩具。

读纸版书的感觉与在屏幕上读书的感觉是很不同的。

( have advantage over; be different from)
Paper books for children have an enormous advantage over e-books. For children, a beautifully printed paper book is not only a book but also a toy they can play with. Reading a paper book is rather different from reading a book on the screen.
3近年来在西方国家，传统媒体呈现出衰退的趋势，新媒体迅速发展。

然而新媒体的收入又不足以弥补传统媒体丢失的市场份额。

（in the tendency of; not necessarily; when it comes to）In recent years, traditional media in the western countries are in the tendency of decline and new media are developing rapidly. However, this does not necessarily mean that tradition media have lost the market. When it comes to reading things like news, people are still used to such traditional media as newspaper.
4随着金融危机的爆发，许多企业陷入了困境。

对于那些因缺乏流动资金无法进行再生产又不想让恶性循环继续下去的企业，他们唯一能做的事情就是向政府求助。

( find oneself in difficulty; turn to )
With the explosion of the financial crisis, many enterprises find themselves in difficulties. For
those who have no circulating fund to invest on new production and would not let the vicious circle continue, the only thing they can do is to turn to government for help.
Unit 5
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 It was a horrible joke, but Doc Daneeka didn’t laugh until Yossarian came to him one mission later and pleaded again, without any real expectation of success, to be grounded. Doc Daneeka snickered once and was soon immersed in problems of his own, which included Chief White Halfoat, who had been challenging him all that morning to Indian wrestle, and Yossarian, who decided right then and there to go crazy.
那是个粗鲁的玩笑，可是达尼卡大夫并没有笑，直到约萨里安又执行了一次任务之后，再次来求他要求停飞——尽管这没有任何指望。

达尼卡大夫窃笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻烦中去了，这包括怀特·哈夫特指挥官那天早上一直在向他挑战，要和他比印度式摔跤，而约萨里安则恰恰在彼时彼地决定要发疯。

2 There was only one catch and that was catch-22, which specified that a concern for one’s own safety in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions.
只有一个卡子，那就是第二十二条军规，它规定：在面对真正的、紧迫的危险时考虑到自身安全是理智的思维过程。

奥尔疯了，因此可以停飞。

他只须提出请求；而一旦他提出请求，他就不再是疯子，就得去执行更多的飞行任务。

3 Our many Jewish friends and acquaintances are being taken away in droves. The Gestapo is treating them very roughly and transporting them in cattle cars to Westerbork, the big camp in Drenthe to which they’re sending all the Jews ... If it’s that bad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilized places where the Germans are sending them?
我们的许多犹太人朋友和熟人都被成群地带走了。

盖世太保对他们非常粗暴，用运牲口的拖车把他们运送到德伦特最大的集中营威斯特伯克，他们把所有犹太人都遣送到那里。

……如果说在荷兰都这么糟，那么在德国人送他们去的那些遥远的蛮荒之地又会是什么样呢？
4 The voice that comes across is of a solitary young girl writing for herself, yet at the same time it is the cry of all those innocent victims of evil whose fate was to suffer in the Second World War. That is why Anne Frank’s diary has achieved fame as the voice of the Holocaust in which six million Jews were murdered: She speaks for all of humanity.
它传来的是一个孤独少女的声音，她为自己写作，但同时也是所有无辜受邪恶迫害者的呐喊，他们的命运就是在第二次世界大战期间受难。

这就是安妮·弗兰克的日记被誉为犹太人大屠杀（其间有六百万犹太人被杀害）之声的原因：她的话代表了全人类的心声。

6 Translate the sentences into English.
1虽然遇到了很多困难，但在他的带领下，公司产品打开了销路，总体形势也有了好转。

为了表彰他的突出贡献，公司决定奖励他一套住房。

( come across; for the better; in recognition of)
Though they came across many difficulties, under his leadership they successfully found a market for their products, and the overall situation was changing for the better. In recognition of his outstanding contributions, the company has decided to give a flat as an award.
2当约翰向他挑战，要跟他比击剑的时候，他感到非常尴尬，因为他自知剑术不高，不是约翰的对手。

如果他接受挑战，他肯定会输；可如果不接受呢，他就是个懦夫。

(challenge…to) When John challenged him to fencing, he was very embarrassed because he knew that he was no
match for John at fencing. If he took the challenge, he would surely lose; but if he didn’t, he would be a coward.
3他昨天感冒了。

我们本以为他好好睡一晚就会好起来，所以今天早上就送他去上学了。

但是下午放学回家时他发起烧来，不得不卧床休息。

( assume; confine to)
He caught a cold yesterday. Assuming that he would get better after a good night’s sleep, we sent him to school this morning. But later in the afternoon, he got back home with a fever and was confined to bed.
4在过去的几年里，我得了几次重病，一直在贫困状态中生活，但是我没有放弃我的梦想。

无论发生什么事，我总是坚守我的梦想，而梦想对我来说也变成了极大的支持和安慰。

（abandon; in spite of; cling to)
In the past few years, I have had several severe illnesses and lived in a state of poverty, but I have never abandoned my dreams. In spite of everything I clung to my dreams, which has turned out to be a great support and comfort to me.
Unit 6
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 The rain had started to fall gently through the evening air as darkness descended over Sydney. Hundreds of lights illuminated Stadium Australia, and the noise was deafening. As I walked towards the track I glanced around me at the sea of faces in the stands, but my mind was focused. The Olympic gold medal was just minutes away, hanging tantalisingly in the distance.
当夜幕降临悉尼时，雨也开始悄悄地从夜空中飘落。

几百盏灯把澳大利亚体育场照得灯火通明，场内的声音震耳欲聋。

走向跑道时我看了一眼四周看台上无数的脸，但我的注意力还是很集中。

再过几分钟奥运金牌的归属就要见分晓了，它悬挂在远处，很诱人。

2 I knew I would do my best, that I would run my heart out and finish the race. I felt the performer in me move in and take over. I had just two laps to run, that was all. Just two laps until the emotional and physical strain of the past two days and the last 28 years would be eclipsed by victory or failure. This race was all about survival.
我知道自己会全力以赴，拼尽全力跑完全程。

我感觉自己已经进入最佳状态。

我只要跑两圈就行了，就两圈。

跑完这两圈，过去两天以及28年来所有情感和身体上的辛苦付出就将被胜利或者失败所淹没。

这一跑真是生死攸关。

3 I understand–it’s hard to get excited about a foreign sport if you didn’t grow up with it. Now I’m colliding with this same cultural barrier. The World Cup soccer tournament begins on June 9 and I will have no clue what’s going on out there on the“pitch”. It seems a good time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game.)
我知道，如果一个人不是从小就接触某项外来的运动，他就很难对它感兴趣。

现在我正遭遇同样的文化壁垒。

6月9号世界杯足球赛就要开始了，而我对球员在“球场”上干些什么却一无所知。

看起来这是给这个所谓的精彩赛事揭短的一次大好机会。

4 Periodically a player gets an elbow in the face and goes down writhing. The clock stops while little men with black bags rush over and massage his phony-baloney injury, after which he jumps up good as new. The player who elbowed him gets something called a“yellow card”, a mild reprimand.
时不时地会有球员脸上挨了一肘，躺在草地上痛苦地翻腾。

这时会暂停计时，几个提着黑包的小个子男人会跑过来按摩他那假装、胡说的受伤部位，然后他又活蹦乱跳地站起来。

那位肘击他的球员会得到一张叫做“黄牌”的东西：一种温和的惩戒。

6 Translate the sentences into English.
1当他知道自己未能入选校队时，他哭得很伤心，毕竟他经历了几个月的艰苦训练和激烈竞争，也学会了如何熟练地准确投篮。

(cry one’s heart out; go through)
He cried his heart out when he heard that he was not in the list of the school team. After all, he had gone through months of hard training and gruelling competition, and had learned how to shoot with great skills and accuracy.
2那位以严格闻名的教练从一开始就要求队员抛弃一切杂念，超越他们的极限，以确保他们能在第29届北京奥林匹克运动会上摘得一枚奖牌。

(mean for sb to do sth; from the start; push…beyond limits)
The coach, who was known for his strictness, had meant from the very start for all the players to shut out all the distracting thoughts and push themselves beyond their limits to ensure that they win a medal at the 29th Olympic Games held in Beijing.
3新教练接管了球队后，时时牢记自己的使命，并最终带领球队取得了联赛冠军。

在接受采访时，教练激动得说不出话来。

( take over; bear in mind; make it; at a loss for words)
Since after he took over the team, the new coach has always borne in mind his mission and finally made it to the championship of the league matches. When interviewed, the coach was at a loss for words because of excitement.
4足球是一项很奇妙的运动。

虽然最后的比赛结果往往是0-0，1-0,2-1，但是这丝毫不影响人们去观看比赛。

对我来说，足球的魅力到底在哪里一直是个谜。

(flock; remain)
Football is an amazing sport. Despite the fact that most finals are 0-0,1-0,2-1,people keep flocking to see football games. For me, it remains a mystery what is so attracting about football.
Unit 7
6 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 I had tossed sticks for him before and knew the approximate distance they would go, depending upon their weight and my motion. This stick, however, caught a gust and, flying where the sheet wanted to go, sailed across the yard, over the fence, and, with a fine skater’s touch, glided onto the pond.
我以前也经常这样为他扔木头。

根据木头的不同重量和我的动作的大小，我知道它们大概能飞多远。

但这块木头赶上了一阵疾风，朝着床单想去的方向飞过了院子，越过了围栏，最后以溜冰高手般的优美动作滑进湖水里。

2 The next moment I was standing in the water and Hogahn was swimming toward me, breaking the ice with his front paws. He seemed a little startled by the intrusion of the ice in his path, but definitely in control. I went as far as I could until the pond bottom sank down under my weight and the ice water penetrated my jacket, and I stood and waited.
接下来的一瞬间我已经站在水里，霍根用前爪破冰朝我游过来。

一路上冰块的侵扰似乎让他受了些惊吓，但他绝对能控制得住自己。

我尽量向前趟，直到我的双脚陷进湖底的烂泥，冰冷的湖水浸透了我的夹克。

我站在那儿等着。

3 It can recognize different people and make choices about what to eat or which path to take. But does this mean that an animal is capable of thinking and, if so, can it be proved? Our perceptions of animals are filtered through our own human understanding of the world and we often project human feelings and thoughts onto other creatures.
它会认人、选择食物、识别道路。

但这是否意味着它们有思维能力呢？如果有的话，又如何证实呢？我们对动物的认知是经过过滤的，是建立在人类对世界的理解的基础上的，我们常常把人类的情感和思想投射到其他动物身上。

4 Many scientists in the 20th century dismissed such findings as unreliable, usually influenced by
anthropomorphism, in other words, judging animals by human attributes. However, the pendulum is now swinging away from thinking of animals as machines without intelligence, and back towards Darwin’s ideas. A wide range of studies on animals suggests that the roots of intelligence are deep, widespread across the animal kingdom and highly changeable.
许多20世纪的科学家轻视这些发现，认为它们不可靠，是受了拟人说的影响，即根据人的特征来判断动物。

但是，现在舆论的天平已经不再向那些认为动物像机器一样没有智慧的观点倾斜了，而是向达尔文的观点倾斜。

大范围的动物研究表明：智慧之根在动物界的分布既深又广，变化多端。

7 Translate the sentences into English.
1夜贼们忙着往皮卡里扔赃物，急着想尽快开车逃走。

正在这时，负责看守小区的保安发现了他们，并报了警。

（just about; watch over）
The burglars were throwing the stolen items to the pickup and were just about to drive away when the guards watching over the living quarters found them and called the police.
2三个士兵在密林深处艰难地行走了一整天，试图走向河的东岸，结果却发现他们只在树林里打转，离目的地仍有几十英里之遥。

( only to find; short of)
The three soldiers had walked with difficulty through the woods for a whole day, trying to navigate to the east bank of the river, only to find that they had been circling the woods and were still dozens of miles short of their destination.
3我觉得今天早晨做动物心智报告的那位学者显然高估了动物的智慧，她甚至认为黑猩猩能够用电脑跟人进行交流。

( go so far as to)
It seems to me that the scholar who talked about animal intelligence this morning has obviously overestimated the animal intelligence. She went so far as to suggest that chimpanzees can communicate with humans through computers.
4作为志愿者，我们不仅仅要对前来询问或寻求帮助的人微笑服务，我们还应该具备跨文化交际的技巧，否则我们就干不好这个工作。

( be limited to)
As volunteers, what we need to do is not just limited to smiling to those who comes to us for information and help. We must also learn skills for cross-cultural communication, without which our job cannot be satisfactory.。