2级语法讲义(二)
中考英语语法复习教案讲义第二讲：代词
中考英语语法复习教案讲义第二讲：代词一. 教材分析本讲主要讲解中考英语中的代词部分。
代词是英语语法中的重要组成部分，包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和反身代词等。
在中考中，代词的考查通常涉及到词义辨析、用法区别和句子填空等方面。
本讲将通过对各类代词的讲解和练习，帮助学生掌握代词的基本用法和中考题型。
二. 学情分析学生在之前的学习中已经接触过代词，但对各类代词的用法和辨析可能还不够清晰。
因此，在教学过程中，需要针对学生的实际情况进行讲解，注重巩固已学知识，提高学生的代词运用能力。
三. 教学目标1.掌握各类代词的词义和基本用法。
2.能够正确运用代词填空和造句。
3.提高学生在中考英语语法中的代词运用能力。
四. 教学重难点1.各类代词的用法区别。
2.代词在句子中的位置和句子结构。
3.中考代词题型的解题技巧。
五. 教学方法采用讲授法、举例法、练习法、小组讨论法和反馈法等，通过丰富的教学活动和实例，引导学生理解和掌握代词的用法，提高学生的代词运用能力。
六. 教学准备1.教学PPT。
2.相关教材和练习册。
3.中考代词题型例题和解析。
七. 教学过程1.导入（5分钟）利用PPT展示代词的图片和例句，引导学生复习已学过的代词知识，为新课的学习做好铺垫。
2.呈现（15分钟）讲解各类代词的词义和基本用法，通过举例让学生理解并区分各类代词。
–人称代词：I, you, he, she, it, we, they–物主代词：my, your, his, her, its, our, their–指示代词：this, that, these, those–不定代词：some, any, every, many, much, one, none, some of, any of–反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves3.操练（15分钟）设计不同类型的练习题，让学生在课堂上进行操练，巩固所学知识。
《语法讲义》(朱德熙著)第二章词的构造的读书笔记
浅谈现代汉语合成词的构造方式——《语法讲义》第二章词的构造的读书笔记内容摘要：朱德熙先生的《语法讲义》是语法学界的最有权威的一部语法学著作，此书的第二章词的构造主要讲述的就是合成词的构造，朱先生对汉语构成合成词的三种方式，即重叠、附加、复合做了翔实的解释和深入的探讨。
本文仅就此书的第二章做一些基本内容的概述及阐述一下本人阅读此章节后的体会及其启示，另外提出几个阅读后的疑惑。
关键词：词的构造，复合式，合成词，重叠式，附加式朱德熙先生的《语法讲义》可谓是语法学著作里面的最重要的著作之一，具有极强的系统性，在语言学界也具有极高的声誉。
作者以现代语言学的眼光, 用多方位多层次的立体的观察和研究的方法, 提出了一系列新的观点和结论。
并且该书建立了词组本位的语法体系，论述了语法单位、词的构造、词类、体词、谓词、代词、主谓结构、述宾结构、述补结构、偏正结构、联合结构、连谓结构等重要知识点。
可以说这也是本书的一个特色吧。
《语法讲义》的另外一个特点就是对一些语法现象论述得很详细。
一《语法讲义》之“词的构造”的主要内容语法是可以被分为句法和词法两个部分的，句法研究的是句子的内部构造，以词作为基本单位：词法研究的是词的内部构造，以语素作为基本单位。
可见句法和词法是属于两个不同平面上的东西：句法包括句子和词，而词法则是包括词和语素的。
在这一章里面主要研究的是词的内部构造，即语素是怎样组合成为词的。
单纯词是由单个语素组成的，是没有构造问题的，因此此章节要讨论的实际上就只是合成词的构造了。
现代汉语合成词的构造方式有三种。
作者在第二章的2.2节至2.6节就分别阐释了现代汉语合成词的这三种构成方式。
另外朱德熙先生在2.7节单独列出了复杂的合成词。
这一章的重点基本上就是2.2节至2.6节，可以说是主体部分吧。
在2.2这一节之中，朱先生首先说明了研究重叠式应该注意的几个问题。
第一，就是重叠式的结构类型喝语音特征，即重音和变调；第二，就是基式和重叠式的语法功能的异同；最后一点讲的是重叠式的语法意义所在。
讲义2(强调句型)
九-高一英语讲义（2）【语法攻克一强调句】强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式1. 用助动词“do（does／did）＋动词原形”来表示强调：He does know the place well．他的确很熟悉这个地方。
Do write to me when you get there．你到那儿后务必给我来信。
2. 用形容词very，only，single，such等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1. That’s the very textbook we used last term.这正是我们上学期用过的教材。
2. You are the only person here who can speak Chinese.你是这里唯一会讲汉语的人。
3. Not a single person has been in the shop this morning.今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。
4. How dare you buy such expensive jewels?你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？3. 用ever，never，very，just等副词进行强调： 1. Why ever did you do so？你究竟为什么要这么做？2. He never said a word the whole day．一整天，他一句话也没说。
3. You’ve got to be very, very careful．你一定得非常、非常小心。
4. This is just what I wanted．这正是我所要的。
4. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：1. Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？2. What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？3. Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？5. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感： 1.How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！2.Oh, what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！6. 用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：1.On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。
SAT语法讲义2
24. The new bird sanctuary, consisting of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland, and is protected by the state. P676-2(A) sanctuary, consisting of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland, and is protected by thestate.(B) sanctuary is protected by the state, it consists of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland(C) sanctuary, consisting of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland, is protected by the state(D) sanctuary is protected by the state consisting of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland(E) sanctuary to consist of one hundred acres of unspoiled tideland and to be protected by thestate25. During the 1980’s, the income gap between the richest and the poorest Americans widenedsignificantly, while continuing to expand in the 1990’s. P863-9(A) significantly, while continuing to expand(B) significantly, and it continued to expand(C) significantly with continuing expansion(D) significantly, it continued expanding(E) significantly, continuing expanding26. Civil rights leader and author W.E.B. Du Bois was interested in drama because he believed that if you represented historical events on stage it could have a greater, more lasting effect than any exhibit or lecture.P677-7(A) if you represented historical events on stage it(B) with the events of history represented on stage they(C) events which were represented historically on stage(D) by representing historical events on stage(E) representing historical events on stage27. During the 1980’s and early 1990’s, one reason highways in th e United States became safer than ever, the use of seat belts increased to about 67 percent nationwide. P677-5(A) ever, the use of seat belts increased to about 67 percent nationwide.(B) ever, nationwide, the use of seat belts increased to about 67 percent(C) ever, there was a nationwide increase in seat belt use to 67 percent(D) ever since they increased seat belt use to 67 percent nationwide(E) ever was that the use of seat belts nationwide increased to about 67 percent28. Pearl Buck, one of the most popular writers of her day, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1983 for her novels about China. P738-3(A) day, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1938 for her novels about China.(B) day, winning the Nobel Prize in Literature, which she won in 1938 for her novels about China(C) day, and she won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1938 for her novels about China(D) day, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1938 for her novels about China(E) day, her novels about China bringing her the Nobel Prize in Literature in 193829. An article suggests that The Great Gatsby was not read during the 1930’s, the reason was that the novel described a lifestyle made extinct and frivolous by the current Great Depression.P739-12(A) 1930’s, the reason was that the novel described a lifestyle made extinct and frivolous(B) 1930’s, it is describing a lifes tyle that was made an extinct and frivolous one(C) 1930’s; describing a lifestyle made extinct and frivolous(D) 1930’s because the novel described a lifestyle made extinct and frivolous(E) 1930’s because its description had been of an extinct and frivol ous lifestyle, caused by30. C.G. Jung, a Swiss psychologist, whose renown as a pioneer in the field of psychoanalysis almost equals that of Sigmund Freud. P775-8(A) C.G. Jung, a Swiss psychologist, whose renown as a pioneer(B) C.G. Jung, who was a Swiss psychologist and whose renown as a pioneer(C) A Swiss with renown as a psychological pioneer, C.G. Jung(D) C.G. Jung was a Swiss psychologist whose renown as a pioneer(E) A Swiss, C.G. Jung who was a psychological pioneer and whose renown Awkward expression1. The depth of the Arctic Ocean are hard to study, mainly because the icy surface is being difficult to penetrate using current techniques. P407-2(A) to study, mainly because the icy surface is being(B) to study as a result of the icy surface, mainly, is(C) to study, mainly because the icy surface is(D) studying, mainly from the icy surface being(E) studying, mainly resulting from the icy surface being2. The newspaper business in the United States faces a challenge, being that it must reconcile thehigh-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial one of making money. P429-11(A) challenge, being that it must reconcile the high-minded goal of informing readers with thecommercial one of making money(B) challenge of it reconciling the high-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial oneof making money(C) challenge; as such it must reconcile the high-minded goal of informing readers with thecommercial one of making money(D) challenge because it must reconcile the high-minded goal of informing readers with thecommercial one of making money(E) challenge; since it has the high-minded goal of informing readers with the commercial one ofmaking money being reconciled3. All species of sea turtles are endangered because of overharvesting of adults, their eggs beingdisturbed and destruction of nesting habitats. P429-12(A) of adults, their eggs being disturbed and destruction of nesting habitats(B) of the adults being overharvested, their eggs disturbed, and destroying nesting habitats(C) the overharvesting of adults, disturbance of their eggs, and destruction of nesting habitats(D) the adult are overharvested, their eggs are disturbed, and their nesting habitats are destroyed(E) being overharvested as adults, their eggs being disturbed, and destruction of nesting habitats4. The poet Firdawsi composed the Iranian national epic Shah-nameh in 1010 with his purposebeing to recount the history of the Persian kings. P469-4(A) with his purpose being to recount(B) and his purpose was recounting(C) to recount(D) thus recounted(E) he recounted5. Bees must leave the safety of the hive to forage for food many times a day, they are riskingbeing eaten by any of a multitude of predators. P491-4(A) day, they are risking being eaten(B) day at the risk of being eaten(C) day risking them to be eaten(D) day; the risk is to be eaten(E) day; likewise, they risk being eaten6. Because many Szechuan recipes for one to cook without there having to be interruptions, it is agood idea to measure all ingredients in advance. P492-10(A) Because many Szechuan recipes for one to cook without there having to be interruptions(B) Because many Szechuan recipes require that one cook without interruption(C) Being that many Szechuan recipes require you to cook and not be interrupted(D) Many Szechuan recipes require that one cook without interruption and(E) When following many Szechuan recipes it is advisable for one to cook without interruptionsand therefore7. On October 13, 1955, at the Six Gallery in San Francisco, Allen Ginsberg read his poem Howl,being the inauguration of both a new style in poetry and the Beat movement.P492-12(A) Howl , being the inauguration of both(B) Howl, both inaugurated(C) Howl, it was the inauguration of both(D) Howl, whose inauguration of both(E) Howl, thus inaugurating both8. Because of repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan, the employeescalled in sick as a protest against their employer’s stubbornness. P531-2(A) Because of repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan,(B) After repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan(C) They have repeatedly asked in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan, then(D) Repeatedly asking in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan, finally(E)While they repeatedly ask in vain for a comprehensive health-care plan9. Because insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses is the reason whyTamar and Robert waited to open their coffee shop until they had enough money. P554-10(A) Because insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses is the reason why(B) Because insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses(C) Insufficient funding causes the failure of many new businesses is the reason why(D) As a result of insufficient funding causing the failure of many new businesses(E) The fact of insufficient funding is causing many new businesses to fail is why10. In the novel, Jane Eyre must make many difficult choices, like when she forces herself to leavethe house of Mr. Rochester, the married man she loves. P555-13(A) like when she forces(B) and, as an example, when she forces(C) for example, by forcing(D) as exemplified by when she forces(E) including forcing11. Because Uranus is nearly three billion kilometer from the sun and is enveloped by a thickmethane cloud layer, this blocks almost all solar radiation. P615-9(A) layer, this blocks almost all solar radiation.(B) layer, this accounts for its receiving almost no solar radiation(C) layer is the reason why it receives almost no solar radiation(D) layer, almost no solar radiation reaches the planet(E) layer, it blocks almost all solar radiation from reaching the planet12. Naomi and Charles will represent Ammoton High in the debating contest, their work in thishaving been excellent this year. P657-6(A) contest, their work in this having been excellent this year.(B) contest; they have done excellent work this year in this(C) contest, for this year they have done excellent work in this(D) contest, for their work as public speakers has been excellent this year(E) contest; their work as public speakers having been excellent this year13. Being as she is gifted storyteller, Linda Goss is an expert at describing people and places.P657-8(A) Being as she is gifted storyteller(B) In being a gifted storyteller(C) A gifted storyteller(D) Although she is a gifted storyteller(E) Telling stories giftedly14. Until being widely hunted for its ivory and blubber in the eighteenth century, walruses wereplentiful in the waters of the northeastern United States. P677-10(A) Until being widely hunted for its(B) Before having been widely hunted for its(C) Up to them being widely hunted for their(D) Until they were widely hunted for their(E) Before they have been widely hunted for their15. The mountain’s summit having been reached, the weary climbers gazed down upon a scene of indescribable grandeur. P719-6(A) The mountain’s summit having been reached(B) The summit of the mountain being reached(C) At the mountain’s summit, when they reached it(D)When they reached the mountain’s summit(E)When having reached the mountain’s summit16. An expedition was sent in 1949 to check a Turkish villager’s reporting he had seen the remains of Noah’s ark on Mount Ararat. P739-9(A) a Turkish villager’s reporting(B) the report of a Turkish villager that(C) the reporting of a Turkish villager(D) that Turkish villager who reported(E) the Turkish villager report saying17. Friends of Dreiser reported that he was fired from his first job for the reason that his newsstories were sympathetic always for the poor.(A) for the reason that his news stories were sympathetic always for the poor.(B) since his news stories for the poor that were always sympathetic(C) because his sympathetic to the poor was always in his news stories(D) the fact being that his news stories were always sympathetic about the poor(E) because his news stories were always sympathetic to the poor18. The city of Houston, Texas, is about sixty miles inland, while being the third largestforeign-trade pot in the United States. P774-4(A) is about sixty miles inland, while being(B) although about sixty miles inland, is(C) being located about sixty miles inland makes it(D) which is about sixty miles inland, although it is(E) whose location is about sixty miles inland, makes it19. Great literature, such as the Greek tragedies or the novels of Jane Austen, endures by theirspeaking directly and freshly to each new generation of readers. P775-5(A) by their speaking directly and freshly(B) by its speaking direct and fresh(C) because it speaks directly and freshly(D) because of speaking direct and fresh(E) since they speak with directness and freshness20. The services of architect I.M. Pei are always very much in demand considering that hisbuildings combine both beauty and an affordable price. P775-6(A) considering that his buildings combine both beauty and an affordable price.(B) considering that his buildings combine both beauty and affordability(C) because his buildings combine beauty and affordability(D) because his buildings will combine not only beauty but also and affordable price(E) being that his buildings will combine both beauty and affordability21. The tragic story of Paolo and Francesca was the subject of a poem and a symphony, being popular throughout the nineteenth century. P775-7(A) The tragic story of Paolo and Francesca was the subject of a poem and a symphony, being popular throughout the nineteenth century.(B) The tragic story of Paolo and Francesca was popular throughout the nineteenth century,where it is being made the subject of a poem and a symphony(C) The tragic story of Paolo and Francesca was popular throughout the nineteenth century, when it was the subject of both a poem and a symphony. (D) Paolo and Francesca, whose tragic story was the subject of a popular poem and symphony throughout the nineteenth century(E) Being the subject of a poem and a symphony, the tragic story of Paolo and Francesca having been popular throughout the nineteenth century22. Although its being factual in content, the televised biography of Queen Elizabeth I did not seem credible. P801-2(A) Although its being factual in content,(B) Despite its factual content(C)Whereas it was factual in content(D) Its contents being factual(E) Even though factual contents were there23. The information age has ushered children into a global society, this situation causing educatorsto lament a lack of texts that explain the diversity of cultures. P801-4(A) this situation causing educators to lament(B) which is the cause of educator lamenting(C) which causing educator’s laments over(D) a situation causing educators to lament(E) and with it educator’s lament at24. Activist Mumeo Oku campaigned to improve the lot of women in Japan by exposing faultyhousehold products, she successfully demanded that these products be recalled. P837-4(A) exposing faulty household products, she successfully demanded that these products berecalled.(B) exposing faulty household products and successfully demanding their recall(C) her exposing faulty household products and successful demand of their recall(D) exposing faulty household products, although successfully demanding that these productsbe recalled(E) exposing faulty household products whose recall she was successfully in demanding..。
02语法讲义定从_状从_特殊句式
考 研 语 法（英 语 二）微博/公众号：田静 Shadow第二部分 长难句第二章：复合句＝主句＋从句第一节 名词性从句第二节 定语从句第三节 状语从句定语从句一. 定语从句的概述先行词=关系词This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head.↑ ↑This was the biographical tradition. Niccolo Machiavelli turned the biographical traditionon its head.二. 定语从句的写法先行词 关系词事/物 which/that人 who / whom / thatwhose人／物（表示人或物的所有关系，“某人的／某物的”）时间 when地点 where原因 why1.先行词是事／物，关系词选择which／thatThe key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single‐use plastics.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)The BIO recently held a convention which included session to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents.(2012, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)2. 先行词是人，关系词选择who／whom／that… normal‐weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.(2014, Use of English)... you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.(2018, Reading Comprehension, Part B)3. 先行词是人／物，表示人或物的所有关系，关系词选择whoseUsers could select which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems.(2011, Use of English)On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world.(英语一, 2013, Translation)4. 先行词是时间，关系词选择whenIt is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high‐quality arts criticism could be found in most big‐city newspapers.(英语一, 2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)5. 先行词是地点，关系词选择whereHe is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.(2018, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)6. 先行词是原因，关系词选择why… Brynjolfsson and McAfee miss the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place.(2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)关于定语从句关系词的注意事项：• 定语从句的关系词每一个都作成分，包括that。
英语语法讲义-分词(过去分词)2
语 WAshkeendhwehwyahseawskaesdawbsheynth,e wheassaibdsehnetw, haes silali.d he was ill.
问他为什么缺勤，他说他病了。
六、句法功能：
exciting, moving, interesting, amusing, surprising, pleasing, encouraging, frightening, disappointing，多与指事物的 名词连用，表示“令人…”
The news you told me was just surprising.
• 激动的人们奔进了大楼。 • We need more qualified teachers. • 我们需要更多合格的教师。
六、句法功能：
2、过去分词短语作定语，放 定 在所修饰的名词后。
语 I like to read the book written by Dickens.
我喜欢读狄更斯写的书。
my TV repaired
宾
补
七、现在分词与过去分词的区别：
1、时间： 现在分词表示正在进行的动作； 过去分词表示已经完成的动作；
七、现在分词与过去分词的区别：
1、时间： falling flowers 正在飘落的花 fallen flowers 落花（已落下的花）
七、现在分词与过去分词的区别：
语 The door remained locked.
门仍然锁着。
• 过去分词表示被动，另外，表达 人物内心的某种感受，心理状态 时用过去分词。比如：
• I am pleased (高兴)
现代汉语语法讲义
现代汉语语法讲义第一章语法概说一、语法和语法学（一）语法1.语法的含义及其作用（1）语法的含义语法，是语言中的词、短语、句子的构造规律。
语言有三个要素，语音、词汇和语法。
其中，语音是由人的发音器官发出的、表达一定意义的声音，是语言的物质外壳。
词汇，是语言中的语素、词和固定短语以及现成话的集合，是语言的建筑材料。
而语法则是语言“建筑体”的建筑法则。
西方传统语言学认为，语法包括两个大的方面：词法和句法。
词法，主要涉及词的构成、词的分类和词形变化等内容。
句法，主要讨论短语和句子的构造规律。
不过，这个分类对于汉语语法来说，不完全合适。
首先，汉语的词法部分相对空虚：词没有完全的形态变化、语素构成词的方式不影响词的语法表现，词的分类也依据特定的句法环境来操作。
所以，汉语的词法内容基本上比较单薄。
也正由于汉语的词的分类定性都必须依靠特定的句法环境来实现，所以，汉语语法有关词类问题的讨论总是要放到句法当中去进行，这样汉语的句法就比西方传统意义上的句法范围要宽一些。
上述两点，正是汉语语法诸多不同于西方语言之处的亮点之一。
（2）语法的作用研究语法，讲语法，那么语法的作用是什么?研究表明，语法的作用起码包括以下几个方面。
a.从说和写的角度来看，语法规定着人们怎样用词造句。
比如，汉语的“我看书”从排列的角度来看，可以有六种顺序，我看书书我看我书看看我书书看我看我书但只有“我看书”是常态的，而“书我看”的出现是有条件的，是变式。
其余几种排列方式都是不合法的。
而这种排列顺序上的规则正是汉语语法规则的一个重要体现，可见，语法的法则在无形中制约了语言的使用。
b.从听、读、写的角度来看，语法指示人们怎样正确理解汉语的意义。
句子的意义是词按照一定的语法规则组合起来所表达的，而不是词所表达的概念的简单相加之和，因而，要正确理解句子的意思，除了要懂得句子中的词语的意思之外，还要懂得词语组合的语法手段对于句子语义内容表达的影响──在很多情况下，词语组合的语法手段(如汉语的语序和添加虚词)左右着句子语义内容的表述。
新概念语法全二册讲义精品核心句子成分划分等
新概念语法全二册讲义精品核心句子成分划分等成老师精品核心句子成分划分等本讲义收集了新概念二册全部96课的精品句子，对于基础段学习的学生们来说：非常重要。
其价值不能用金钱来衡量！如果同学们真地把这些句子记住而且活学活用，那就是我们英语学习的核裂变，因为将会派生出成千上万的好句子！你的进步将会不言而喻。
你获得的英语财富将会是终身的。
对你的写作和口语，都会带来质的变化，大家先自己想想每个句子的成分等等。
然后大家背诵后一定要多练习，多输出，多运用在英语学习很重要。
这个我不再多说！相信大家都懂这个道理。
大家背诵后，多和我谈谈体会，和同学们一起分享！加油！You are bound to succeed!1. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.讲解：这个一个典型的过去进行时态的句子。
2. It is none of your business.讲解：是第一课最精彩的句子，是我们的口语要素。
3.I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.讲解：大家注意sometimes 这样的副词的位置，然后体会一下until的用法。
在肯定句子，动词应该是可以延续的动词。
4.I am coming to see you.讲解：类似come ,arrive, go，start 等单词进行时态可以表达将来的含义。
I am arriving soon.5.on the last day, I made a big decision .讲解：记住：decide to do something =resolve to do something.6.I have just received a letter from my brother ,Tim讲解：这是个典型的现在完成时态，注意：just 的位置。
receive a letter from sb=have a letter from sb7.He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia讲解：两种不同时态的应用，注意到划线部分是对可数名词复数的修饰。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
易混淆的句型练习题５、６
１． …(動詞基本形・「ない」形）＋わけにはい かない
(１)明日は試験があるから、今日は遊んでいるわ けにはいかない。 (２)大事な会議だから、出ないわけにはいかない。
２．…(動詞基本形「可能・意向形」）＋ものなら
(１)できるものなら、鳥になって国へ帰りたい。 (２)テストでカンニングしようものなら退学させられ る。
易混淆的句型６
５． …(用言連用形・たい）(動詞「た」形＋ものだ
(１)時間が経つのは速いものですね。 (２)一度は日本へ旅行に行きたいものだ。 (３)小学校時代、よくこの公園で遊んでいたものです。
６．…(用言連体形「非過去」）＋ものがある
(１)あの若さであのテクニック！彼の演奏にはすごいものがある。 (２)最近の若者の言動には理解しがたいものがある。
易混淆的句型７
１． …(名詞の･動詞基本形）＋限り
(１)何か私に手伝えることがあったら、言ってください。できるかぎりのことは いたしますから。 (２)力のかぎりがんばってみよう。
２．…(名詞である・用言連体形）＋限り
(１)体が丈夫な限り、思い切り社会活動ししたいものだ。 (２)ここの学生である限り、ルールを守らなければならない。
３． …(用言連体形・普通体）＋ものの・とはいうものの
(１)頭ではわかっているものの、言葉で説明できない。 (２)雨が降っているとはいうものの、運動会は予定どおりに行われている。
４．…(用言連用形「非過去」）＋ものだ・ものではない
(１)子供は早く寝るものだ。 (２)弱いものをいじめるものではない。 (３)良薬は口に苦いものだ。
３．…(名詞である・用言連体形）＋上「うえ」は
(１)社長が決断した上は、われわれ社員はやるしかない。 (２)実行する上は、十分な準備が必要だ。
易混淆的句型1—练习
１．テレビは外国語勉強の上で・外国語を勉強 する上で、かなり役に立つ。
２．どの大学を受験するか、両親との相談の上で・相 談した上で決めます。 ３．昨日学校に遅れた上(に)、本も忘れてしまってさ んざんだった。 ４．いったん引き受けた上は、最後までやらなければ ならない。
易混淆的句型６
１． …(名詞の・用言連用形）＋ものだから・もので
(１)今週は忙しかったもので、お返事するのが遅くなってしまいました。 (２)目覚ましが壊れていたものだから、遅刻してしまったのです。
２．…(用言連体形「非過去」）＋ものか
(１)あんな失礼な人と二度と話をするものか。 (２)１人暮らしは寂しいものか、気楽でのびのびしていいものだ。
１． …(動詞「ます」形）＋次第
(１)スケジュールが決まり次第、すぐ知らせてくださ い。 (２)資料の準備をでき次第、会議室にお届けします。
２．…(動詞「た」形）＋かと思うと(かと思った
ら・かと思えば）
(１)その花は咲いたかと思うと、もう散ってしまった。 (２)あの子はやっと勉強を始めたかと思ったら、もう いねむりをしている。 (３)彼はもう日本へ行ったかと思えば、まだ行かな いでいる。
易混淆的句型５
１． …(動詞普通体)＋ところに
(1)わたしが出かけるところに、彼が来た。 (2)料理を作っているところに、電話がかかってきた。 (３)夕食が終わったところに友達がやってきた。
２....(動詞ている・動詞意向形とする、と思う）＋ところへ
(１)どうしたらいいかと迷っているところへ、彼がやってきた (２)車を換えようと思っているところへ、ちょうどセールスマンが訪ねて きた。
易混淆的句型６—练习
１．憧れの東大に入れるものなら入りたい。 ２．安かったものだから、ついいっぱい買ってしまった。 ３．あんなまずいレストランに二度と行くものか。 ４．小学校のときいたずらをしてよく先生にしかられたも のだ。 ５．この学校には学生を引き付けるものがある。 ６．約束を破るなんて無責任というものだ。 ７．一度でもいい、自分のアイドルに会ってみたいものだ。 ８．お見舞いにいくときは、植木鉢(うえきばち）を持って いかないものだ。
５．そそっかしい森さんのことだから、また何かわす れてしまうだろう。 ６．つまり、私と結婚したくないということですね。
易混淆的句型3
１．…(動詞「ます」形）＋次第
(１)スケジュールが決まり次第、すぐ知らせてください。 (２)資料の準備をでき次第、会議室にお届けします。
２．…(名詞）＋次第で・だ
(１)言葉の使い方次第で相手を怒らせることもあるし、喜ばせる こともある。 (２)ハイキングに行くかどうかはその日の天気次第だ。
３．練習：
(１)落し物が見つかり次第、お知らせします。 (２)合格できるかどうかは君の努力次第だ。
易混淆的句型４
１．…(用言連体形・普通体）＋わけだ・というわけだ
(１)３０ページの宿題だから、一日に３ページずつやれば１０日で終わるわけ です。 (２)日本が１２時なら中国は１１時というわけだ。
２．…(用言連体形・普通体）＋わけではない・というわけではな い
易混淆的句型练习题４
１．…(普通体）＋というものだ。
(１)困ったときこそ手を差し伸べるのが真の友情と いうものでしょう。 (２)人生には一度や二度は苦しいときがある。それ が現実というものだ。
２．…(用言連体形「非過去」）＋ものがある (１)あの若さであのテクニック！彼の演奏にはすご いものがある。 (２)最近の若者の言動には理解しがたいものがあ る。
2级语法讲义（二）
多语种部 阮泠熠
易混淆的句型1
１．…(名詞の・である・用言連体形）＋上「うえ」(に)
(１)ゆうべは道に迷ったうえ(に）、雨にも降られて大変でした。 (２)この機械は操作が簡単な上に、小型で使いやすい。
２．…(名詞の・動詞「た」形、基本形）＋上で
(１)詳しいことはお目にかかった上で、説明いたします。 (２)今度の企画を成功させる上でぜひみんなの協力が必要なのです。
３．…(動詞連体形）(名詞の・形容詞）＋ところ(を)
(１)授業をサボって居酒屋で飲んでいるところを先生に見られてし まった。 (２)お忙しいところをわざわざおいでくださってありがとうございました。
易混淆的句型５—练习
１．料理を作っているところに電話がかかってき た。 ２．お休みのところ(を)お邪魔しましてどうもす みません。 ３．でかけようとしているところへ、友達が来た。 ４.こっそりマージャンをしているところを彼女に 見つかった。
７． …(普通体）＋というものだ。
(１)困ったときこそ手を差し伸べるのが真の友情というものでしょう。 (２)人生には一度や二度は苦しいときがある。それが現実というものだ。
８．…(動詞基本形「可能」・意向形）＋ものなら
(１)できるものなら、鳥になって国へ帰りたい。 (２)テストでカンニングしようものなら退学させられる。
(１)最近彼女とあまりデートしていないが、けんかしているわけではない。 (２)日本人ならだれでも日本語が教えられるというわけではない。
３．…(動詞基本形・「ない」形）＋わけにはいかない
(１)明日は試験があるから、今日は遊んでいるわけにはいかない。 (２)大事な会議だから、出ないわけにはいかない。
４．…(名詞である・用言連体形）＋わけがない
易混淆的句型2
１．…(用言連体形）＋ことか
(１)小鳥が死んだとき、あの子がどんなに悲しんだことか。 (２)気のあった友達とお酒を飲みながら話すのはなんて楽しいことか。
２．…(用言連体形）＋ことから
(１)この辺は桜の木が多いことから桜木町と呼ばれている。 (２)彼女は日本語がぺらぺら話せることから、大会の通訳に推薦された。
易混淆的句型７
５．…(名詞）＋に限らず
(１)万博は土日に限らず、平日も人がいっぱいです。 (２)男性に限らず、女性もいろいろな分野で活躍している。
６.…(名詞・動詞基本形・「ない」形）＋に限る
(１)一日の仕事を終えた後は、冷たいビールに限ります。 (２)自分が悪いと思ったら素直に謝るに限る。
７． 練習：
３． …(名詞の・動詞基本形・「た」形）＋限りでは
(１)今回の調査の限りではこの問題に関する資料はあまりないようだ。 (２)私が聞いた限りでは、全員時間どおりに到着したということだ。
４．…(用言連用形「非過去」）＋に限って
(１)試験のある日に限って病気になる (２)あの人に限ってみんなを裏切る（うらぎる）なんてことはしないだろう。
(１)私が覚えている限りではこの単語を習ったことがない。 (２)うちの子に限ってカンニングなんていうことはしない。 (３)急な用事がない限り必ず参加します。 (４)疲れたときは寝るに限ります。 (５)学部生に限らず院生の就職も難しくなった。 (６)あるかぎりの声を出して忚援した。
易混淆的句型练习题1
１． …(動詞基本形）ことはない
(１)電話で済むのだから、わざわざ行くことはない。 (２)こんなに晴れているんだから、今夜は雨が降る ことはない。 (３)簡単な試験だから、緊張することはない。 (４)別に悪いことをしたのでもなく、叱られることはな い。
易混淆的句型练习题２
１． …(名詞である・用言連体形）＋わけがない
(１)法律は誰に対しても平等であるべきだ。 。 (２)部下が残業しているのに、上司である自分が帰るべきではない。 （３）人に親切にす（る）べきだ。
４．…(名詞・用言普通体）＋に違「ちが」いない
(１)あんなことをするのは彼に違いない。 (２)先生は来るに違いないから、もう少し待ってください。
易混淆的句型练习题３
(１)あんな心がやさしい人は人を殺すわけがない。 (２)暇もないし、お金もないし、海外旅行に行けるわけがない。