第五章 被动句资料.

send to right now
They will be sent to the hospital right now.
eat up immediately
The food is eaten up immediately .
课堂练习2：
1. The bridge was built ( build) last year.
is
been
had
are
has
do write go
done written gone
英语的谓语动词有两种语态
We speak
S
V
English.
O
主动语态
English is spoken by us.
S
V
by+O
被动语态
宾变主,主变宾,前加by 动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+ pp
How to change the active voice into the passive voice ?
时态
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 V(原形)/ V(e)s
一般过去时 V-ed
am/is/are +Vpp was/were +Vpp
一来自百度文库将来时 will +V(原 will+ be +Vpp 形)
When do we use the passive voice?
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法 说出动作的执行者时。例如：
一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词
They bought ten computers last term．
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.
一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
3.They will finish the work in ten days.
Letters are collected at eight every morning. 信件每天早晨八点收取。
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的 执行者时。例如：
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。
三、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 The glass is broken by Paul．
四、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。 He was born in October，1989．
课堂练习1：
A recorder use in English class A recorder is used in English class by us .
Jack play yesterday
Football was played by Jack yesterday. .
2. The Olympic Games are held every four years.
(hold)
3. His new book will be published (publish) next month.
The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.
一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
各种时态的被动语态构成
1）一般现在时：You are invited to do this. 2）一般过去时：The story was told by her. 3）一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
基本方法
1.先找出谓语动词
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语
3.把原来的宾语变成了主语
4.把原来的谓语动词变成be+及物动词的过去分词
5.把原来的主语变成了介词by 的宾语 6.注意人称时态和数的变化
主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变， 原主变宾by后见， 时态人称be关键。
注意！
1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态 原来的时态。如：She often cleans the house.
2)以不发音e结尾的加-d 3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，
先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed
watch---watched
practice---practiced
study---studied
stop---stopped
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
am
have
How to describe the pictures
The river was seriously polluted.
Some trees were cut down.
The Passive Voice (被动语态）
英语语态
❖ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明 主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
英语语态的种类： （1）主动语态 （2）被动语态
被动语态
当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（ Active Voice）；如果主语是动作的承受者 ，动词便用被动语态（Passive Voice）。
被动语态的构成
be + 及物动词的过去分词
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed
2.不及物动词无被动如：die .appear . fail .happen .sit .come true . take place
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.