201605学术英语翻译作业汉译英
重邮研究生《学术英语翻译》课程作业
研究生《学术英语翻译》课程作业-1班级：(填8/9/10/11班) 姓名：学号：得分：英译汉原文：If a martian graced our planet, it would bestruck by one remarkable similarity amongEarth’s living creatures and a key difference.Concerning similarity, it would note that allliving things are designedon the basis ofhighly conserved developmentalsystemsthat read an (almost)universal language encodedin DNA basepairs. As such, life isarranged hierarchicallywith a foundationof discrete, unblendableunits (codons, and,for the most part,genes) capable of combiningto create increasinglycomplex and virtuallylimitless varietiesof both species and individualorganisms. Incontrast, it would noticethe absence of a universalcode of communication.If our martian naturalistwere meticulous,it might notethat the faculty mediatinghuman communication appears remarkablydifferent from that of other livingcreatures;it might further note that the humanfaculty of language appears to be organizedlike the genetic code—hierarchical, generative,recursive, and virtually limitless withrespect to its scope of expression. With thesepieces in hand, this martian might begin towonder how the genetic code changed in sucha way as to generate a vast number of mutuallyincomprehensible communication systemsacross species while maintaining clarityof comprehension within a given species. Themartian would have stumbled onto some ofthe essential problems surrounding thequestion of language evolution, and of howhumans acquired the faculty of language.（提示：faculty of language译为“语言官能”）。
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题答案解析
高中英语科技论文翻译练习题20题答案解析1. The development of new technologies has greatly improved our lives.学生翻译：新技术的发展已经很大地提高了我们的生活。
正确翻译：新技术的发展极大地改善了我们的生活。
解析：“improve”翻译为“改善”比“提高”更准确，“lives”是“生活”的复数形式，在这里表示人们的生活状态。
这个句子的结构是主谓宾，主语是“The development of new technologies”，谓语是“has greatly improved”，宾语是“our lives”。
2. Advanced scientific research requires a lot of time and effort.学生翻译：先进的科学研究需要许多时间和努力。
正确翻译：高级科学研究需要大量的时间和精力。
解析：“a lot of”可以翻译为“大量的”，“effort”翻译为“精力”更符合科技论文的语境。
句子结构为主谓宾，主语是“Advanced scientific research”，谓语是“requires”，宾语是“a lot of time and effort”。
3. The application of artificial intelligence is becoming more and more widespread.学生翻译：人工智能的应用正在变得越来越广泛。
正确翻译：人工智能的应用正变得越来越广泛。
解析：这个句子比较简单，主要考查学生对“application”“artificial intelligence”“widespread”等词汇的掌握。
句子结构是主谓，主语是“The application of artificial intelligence”，谓语是“is becoming more and more widespread”。
上海交大网络教育-大学英语第五次作业（英译汉）（完善版）
上海交大网络教育-大学英语第五次作业（英译汉）（完善版）提示：有些整句可能找不到，原因可能是小标点符号不同所导致的，最好能滤去标点符号，如果还是找不到，其实告诉你有道词典也是非常有用的，找例句然后推断。
题目1You don't need to buy that.正确答案是：你没必要买这个东西。
题目2It's still raining today!正确答案是：今天还在下雨。
题目3We enjoyed ourselves very much at the party.正确答案是：在那次聚会上我们玩得很愉快。
题目4I am very familiar with his name.正确答案是：我很熟悉他的名字。
题目5Okay, and I need a pen to fill out the address.正确答案是：好，我还要借支笔填写地址。
题目6I'm finishing my second year of studies.正确答案是：我即将完成第二年学业。
题目7We can learn from our mistakes.正确答案是：我们能从错误中学习。
题目8A good memory is a great help in learning a language.正确答案是：好的记忆力极有助于语言学习。
题目9I'm having a headache now.正确答案是：我现在头疼。
题目10Who's going to answer the telephone?正确答案是：谁去接电话？题目11He is always very active in student activities.正确答案是：他在学生活动中一直非常积极。
题目12I can't finish the task within 1 hour.正确答案是：1小时内我无法完成这个任务。
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分Happy First, written on the morning of August 16, 2022Unit 1.D. Translate the following into EnglishBefore you deliver an academic speech; you should; first of all; get well prepared for it. Then; you should make your majorpoints clear in your speech; and your speech should be well organized. When speaking; you should not speak too fast; andyour language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time; you should look at your audience. On one hand; you can show your respect to your audience; and on the other hand; you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.Unit 2.D. Translate the following into EnglishIt is difficult to quantify the total contribution of all these factors to the monetary costs of energy supply; in part because factors not related to the environment are often entwined with environmental ones. For example; construction delays have been caused not just by regulatory constraints but also by problemsof engineering; management and quality control. Nevertheless;in the US; environmental impacts have increased the monetary costs of supplying petroleum products by at least 25 percentduring the past 20 years; and the costs of generatingelectricity from coal and nuclear power by 40 percent or more. Unit 3.D. Translate the following into EnglishUsing a driving simulator; some US researchers studied of 40 people. Some of them drove while talking on a cell phone; others navigated while drunk; and others drove with no such distractions or impairments. The results showed that there were three accidents in which the drivers were talking on the cell phone—all of them involving a rear-ending. The research has found that those talking on the phone while driving more sluggish. In addition; talking on the cell phone can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in terms of braking and 19 percentin terms of picking up speed after braking.Unit 4.D．Translate the following into Chinese.. In her best-selling book You Just Don’t Understand; Deborah Tannen points out that; although American boys and girls often play together; they spend most their time playing in same-sex groups. She also points out that boys and girls do play some games together; but their favorite games are very often quite different; Tannen and other researchers on this topic havefound that young boys; say ages 8 through 12; tend to play outside the house rather than in the house; and they play in large groups that are hierarchically structured. A group of boys generally has a leader who tells other boys what to do and how to do it. It is by giving orders and making the other boys play by the rules that boys achieve higher or more dominant status in their play group.。
电大统考2016(第5部分)英译汉
英译汉（6题，30分）44题必有2题（翻译分数是30分了，如果要拿满分，必须全看，）1.Wang Li’s(人名有可能变化)father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University. 王丽的父亲从北京毕业后就一直在这里教英语。
2.Please give this book to whoever comes first.请把这本书给最先来的人3.Tough it was late they kept on working. 尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。
4.Apples here like water and sunshine.这里的苹果喜欢水喝阳光。
5.Tom(人名有可能变化)was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class.汤姆是一个学习十分用功的学生，以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。
6.Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years.泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。
7.A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used.那个山区有许多自然资源有待开发利用。
8.In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’ test papers.外语系用阅卷机给学生批卷。
9.The student are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening ,reading and writing.老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写。
16名校高考英语作文单句汉翻英复习素材含答案
C-E Translation for Senior students(16) 1.昨晚的表演给我们留下了深刻的印象。
(performance)2.参观者是不允许触碰这些展品的。
(permit)3.母亲最终说服父亲戒了烟。
(persuade)4.这个节日是这个国家所特有的。
(peculiar)5.他定下了规矩，这个厂以小时支付工人工资。
(pay)6.在过去的三个月里，我们厂的产量增长了15％。
(percent)7.在回家的路上你能否顺便到超市买些茶?(pick)8.虽然他努力了，但还是失败了。
我们都很同情他。
(pity)9.很有可能要爆发战争了。
(possibility)10.他宁可袖手旁观，也不帮我忙。
(prefer)11.她在钢琴上练同一支曲子已经快一小时了。
(practise)12.他们已经作好了最坏的打算。
(prepare)13.她赠送给学院—笔款项用以纪念已故的丈夫。
(present)14.对刚才发生的事，他假装一无所知。
(pretend)15.医生们尽一切努力防止非典的传播。
(prevent)16.你研究得越深，取得的进步越大。
(progress)17.公司禁止员工在公众场合抽烟。
(prohibit)18.委员会提出政府应改善公共交通。
(proposal)19.他抬起胳臂护住脸免受拳击。
(protect)20.他们为自己的成功而骄傲。
(proud)1.The performance last night left a deep impression on us.2.Visitors are not permitted to touch the exhibits.3.Mother persuaded father into giving up smoking finally.4.This festival is peculiar to this country.5.He has made it a rule that the workers in this factory are paid by the hour.6.The production in our factory has increased by15percent over the last3months.7.Would you please pick up some tea in the supermarket on your way home?8.Hard as he tried,he failed at last.We all felt pity for him.9.There’s quite a possibility that war may break out.10.He preferred to stand idle rather than lend me a hand.11.She’s been practisi ng the same tune on the piano for nearly an hour.12.They have prepared thems elves for the worst.13.She presented a sum of money to the college in memory of her late husband.14.He pretended to be ignorant of what happened just now.15.Doctors have made every effort to prevent SARS from spreading.16.The deeper research you carry out,the greater progress you’ll make.17.The company prohibited the st aff from smoking in the public place.18.The committee put forward a proposal that government should improve public transportation.19.He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow.20.The y were proud of their success.。
学术英语(理工)翻译text15
Text 15 转基因食物-养育了世界？1.如果你想在晚宴上引发一场激烈的争论，那就提出转基因食物这个话题。
对许多人来说，转基因，高科技农作物生产的概念产生了各种各样的环境，健康，安全和伦理问题。
尤其在有着长期农业生产传统的国家和绿色团体中。
这种观点（转基因和高科技农业生产的概念)似乎是反自然的。
2.事实上，转基因食物已经深入且成为我们生活的一部分了。
根据农业部显示，去年，美国种植的三分之一的玉米和超过一半的大豆，棉花都是生物技术的产品。
今年，在美国将有超过6500万英亩的转基因玉米被种植。
基因在瓶子外了。
3.然而，有一些非常明确的现实问题需要去解决。
像一些食品进入食物链一样，转基因食物必须经过严格的测试。
在富裕国家，关于生物问题的讨论淡化了，因为我们有丰富的食物可供选择，而且供应远远超过我们的需求。
在迫切希望养活快速增长和营养不良的人口的发展中国家，这个问题更为简单且更为紧急:生物技术的优点超过风险吗？4.有关人口增长和饥饿的统计数据令人不安。
去年世界人口达到60亿。
联合国估计，到2050年，可能会接近90亿。
几乎所有的增长都发生在发展中国家。
同时，根据ISAAA数据显示，世界人均可耕种土地正在下降。
从1960年开始，适于耕种的土地就在稳定地下降而且50年之后，会减少一半以上。
5.联合国估计世界上有接近8亿的人处于营养不良的阶段。
这个影响是毁灭性的。
大约有4亿处于生育年龄的女性缺铁，意味着他们的孩子很可能具有各种各样的先天性缺陷。
多达1亿的孩子缺乏维他命A，这是失明的主要原因。
数千万的人由于缺乏食物遭受着其他的一些疾病和营养不良。
6.生物技术能够如何帮助呢？生物学家已经开发出了富含身体能够将其转化成维他命A的β胡萝卜素的转基因大米和额外的铁元素。
他们现在正在研究其他种类的营养提供作物。
在一些地方，由于病虫，干旱，土壤缺乏和作物病毒，细菌或真菌导致的作物损害，使粮食欠收，食物短缺，生物技术也可以提高这些地方的农作物产量。
综合学术英语翻译（第二册）
综合学术英语翻译（第二册）综合学术英语翻译Unit 11.无论是谁，闯红灯都是对公共安全的极端漠视。
（complete disregard for）Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety.2.他解释说，成功不过是自己对艺术的执着追求和运气罢了。
（nothing morethan）Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck.3.这个新产品得益于生物学与医学的交叉研究。
（at the crossroads between）The new product has benefited from research work at the crossroads between biological and medical studies.4.他的观点与那位伟大哲学家的思想惊人地相似，但他声称从未听说过其观点。
（echo）It was amazing that this idea well echoed the great philosopher’s belief, which he claimed not to have heard about before.5.队员们进行了为期一个月的紧张训练，充分做好准备，以应对可能发生的各种突发情况。
（prepare…well for）The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for the possible emergencies.6.那位环保人士所做的演讲生动有力，给现场观众留下了深刻的印象。
（beimpressed with）The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist.7.这次旅行将为你提供一个难得的体验不同生活方式的机会。
201605学术英语翻译作业汉译英
P 1
教育孩子懂礼貌、谦虚和忍让是父母的责任。
作为父母的最重要的一项责任就是向其子女传授正直、正派、尊重他人的价值观。
但是，老师和学校管理者绝不应成为伦理道德的旁观者。
假如我们希望实现我们学校的宗旨，不仅教育学生，而且要鼓励他们实现每个人的自身价值。
我们就绝不能放弃把本校建设成为一个道德社会的理想。
在这里人人均须以礼待人、容忍他人的不同意见。
文学的工具是语言文字。
我们第一须认识语言文字，其次须有运用语言文字的技巧。
这事看似很容易，因为一般人日常都在运用语言文字；但实际上是极难的，因为文学要用平常的语言文字产生不平常的效果。
文学家对于语言文字的了解，必须比一般人较精确，然后可以运用自如。
他必须懂得字的形声字的组织以及音义与组织对于读者所产生的影响。
这要包含文学、逻辑学、文法、美学和心理各种知识。
……一个人想做出第一流文学作品，别的条件不用说，单说语文研究一项，他必须具有深厚的修养，他必须达到有话都可以说出而且说得好的程度。
2016年5月电大会计学位英语-阅读翻译题-机考(全部翻译)
1 阅读理解一1While plant and animal species are disappearing at a rapidly increasing rate throughout the world,scientists note some success stories. Fox example, the number of elephants killed illegally in Africa hasfallen sharply.89 Thousand were killed in 1983.46 thousand were killed one year later.This happened because African countries agreed to establish export limits on ivory from elephants.Ivory is the hard white. Material that forms an elephant’s two long teeth, or tusks Countries that importivory are refusing to accept ivory shipments that do not have legal export documents.The Convention on Intentioned Trade in Endangered Species in a treaty signed by 91 nations led to theprogram for saving endangered elephants. In Africa, successful efforts also have been made in protectingAfrica’s endangered mountain gorillas. Almost 400 of the gorillas survive in a volcano area on the borderof Rwanda, Uganda and Zaire. The mountain gorillas have remained about the same for 15 years. This happenedpartly. Because Rwanda developed an important business that depends on protecting the gorillas. Visitors.There can pay to get close to watch the gorillas in the animals traditional home area.Another successful programs to take endangered animals olla of their natural homes. The animals areput into zoos or Dither protected areas where they can reproduce in safety The goal of many of these programsis to produce enough animals to put back into the wild.虽然植物和动物物种的消失率在世界各地迅速增加 科学家们指出了一些成功的故事。
2016年5月CATTI初级英翻汉译英（试题从中节选）
携手应对气候变化挑战——在联合国气候变化峰会开幕式上的讲话2009年9月22日，美国纽约中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛Join Hands to Address Climate ChallengeStatement by H.E. Hu Jintao President of the People's Republic of China At the Opening Plenary Session of The United Nations Summit on Climate Change New York, 22 September 2009潘基文秘书长，各位同事：Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, Dear Colleagues,今天，各国领导人汇聚联合国，共商应对气候变化大计，这对推动国际社会有力应对气候变化这一全球性挑战具有十分重要的意义。
Today, world leaders are gathered at the United Nations to discuss ways to tackle climate change. This is of great significance for catalyzing strong action by the international community to meet this global challenge.全球气候变化深刻影响着人类生存和发展，是各国共同面临的重大挑战。
３７年来，从斯德哥尔摩到里约热内卢，从京都到巴厘岛，我们为保护全球环境、应对气候变化共同努力，取得显著成就。
这是世界各国不断加深认知、不断凝聚共识、不断应对挑战的历史进程。
《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》已成为各方公认的应对气候变化主渠道，共同但有区别的责任原则已成为各方加强合作的基础，走可持续发展道路、实现人与自然相和谐已成为各方共同追求的目标。
研究生学位英语2015-2016年汉译英翻译
1、参加英语考试的人会吃惊地发现自己的分数没有预期的高，原因在于他们写作中倾向于使用背下来的句子。
而不是创造性地使用词汇和句型。
结果使自己的作文看起来空洞乏味。
尽管长时间复习能增加通过考试的概率，但对于英语使用能力的提高帮助不大。
Test-takers in English will be surprised to find that their score is not so high as was expected ,which is because they are inclined to use sentences they have learned by heart in writing rather than use words and sentences patterns creatively so that their writing seems hollow and doll. Despite the possibility that long-term preparation can increase the chance of passing a test, it contributes little to improving the ability to use English.2、要保持身心健康，儿童需要每天运动至少一小时。
但迷恋电子游戏和不愿意到室外玩导致许多儿童肥胖和视力下降。
超重儿童患高血压的概率是正常儿童的四倍。
儿童，不论是农村的还是城市的，都应该接触大自然。
他们只有快乐了才能对学习感兴趣。
To stay healthy physically and mentally, children need to spend at least one hour on physical exercise each day. However, the obsession with electronic games and reluctance to play outdoors lead to obesity as well as a decline in vision. Overweight kids are four times as likely to suffer from high blood pressure as normal ones. Children, rural or urban, are to expose themselves to nature. They can never get interested in study unless they are happy.3、近几年，日益恶化的雾霾严重威胁着人类健康。
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分
学术综合英语课后翻译D部分集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）Unit 1.D. Translate the following into EnglishBefore you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your majorpoints clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, andyour language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.Unit 2.D. Translate the following into EnglishIt is difficult to quantify the total contribution of all these factors to the monetary costs of energy supply, in part because factors not related to the environment are often entwined with environmental ones. For example, construction delays have been caused not just by regulatory constraints but also by problemsof engineering, management and quality control. Nevertheless,in the US, environmental impacts have increased the monetary costs of supplying petroleum products by at least 25 percentduring the past 20 years, and the costs of generatingelectricity from coal and nuclear power by 40 percent or more. Unit 3.D. Translate the following into EnglishUsing a driving simulator, some US researchers studied of 40 people. Some of them drove while talking on a cell phone, others navigated while drunk, and others drove with no such distractions or impairments. The results showed that there were three accidents in which the drivers were talking on the cell phone—all of them involving a rear-ending. The research has found that those talking on the phone while driving more sluggish. In addition, talking on the cell phone can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in terms of braking and 19 percentin terms of picking up speed after braking.Unit 4.D．Translate the following into Chinese.. In her best-selling book You Just Don’t Understand, Deborah Tannen points out that, although American boys and girls often play together, they spend most their time playing in same-sex groups. She also points out that boys and girls do play some games together, but their favorite games are very often quite different, Tannen and other researchers on this topic havefound that young boys, say ages 8 through 12, tend to play outside the house rather than in the house, and they play in large groups that are hierarchically structured. A group of boys generally has a leader who tells other boys what to do and how to do it. It is by giving orders and making the other boys play by the rules that boys achieve higher or more dominant status in their play group.。
学术英语翻译第五单元
Unit 5全世界的文化发展文化是习得的、在社会范围内传播的习俗、知识、实物以及行为的总和，它包括人类群体的思想、价值、习俗及手工艺品。
尽管不同文化在习俗、手工艺品和语言方面不同，但它们共同拥有某些基本特征。
此外，文化的特征随其发展而变化，并且，文化间会通过科技、商业和艺术成就相互影响。
文化普遍性尽管彼此存在差异，但是在所有的社会团体间形成了一定的基本惯例，这称之为文化的普遍性。
事实上，许多文化的普遍性即是为了满足人类的基本需求，例如人类对食、住和衣的需求所做出的改变。
人类学家乔治•默多克编制了一个文化普遍性的列表，其中包括体育运动、烹饪、丧葬、医药和性别限制。
默多克列出的文化惯例或许是普遍性的,但是其表现方式不尽相同。
比如说,一种社会习俗是可以让人们选择他们自己的结婚对象,另外一种则鼓励父母包办婚姻。
文化普遍性不仅在不同的社会中表现不同, 在同一个社会中也会随着时间的推移而产生戏剧性的改变。
在此问题上每一代人每一年中都会发生些改变, 大部分的人类文化是通过创新和扩散的过程来改变和发展的.革新所谓革新，就是将一种新的思想或新事物引入文化的过程。
之所以社会学家对革新感兴趣，是因为引进一种新事物能产生潜在的社会效益。
革新有两种形式：发现和发明。
发现涉及将现实中某些方面的存在告知或分享给别人。
DNA分子的发现和土星新卫星的确证都属于发现行为。
在发现过程中，一个重要因素在于把新发现的知识分享给别人。
与此相反，当现存的文化要素中融入一种之前不存在的形式，发明就产生了。
弓箭、机动车以及因特网都是发明的例子。
全球化、传播和技术星巴克那令人熟悉的绿色标牌会吸引你走进这家舒适的咖啡店，在那里，你可以点低因拿铁和肉桂卷，这有什么不同寻常之处呢？这家咖啡厅正好坐落于以前皇帝居住的乾清宫的外面，那是紫禁城的正中央，在2002年，它是25家中国星巴克店中的一家，四年之后，中国已经拥有了90多家星巴克店了。
星巴克在这样一个喝咖啡尚且新鲜的国家（大多数中国人是饮茶的）里的成功是惊人的。
2016年5月英语三级笔译真题及译文大师兄版
2016年5月全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语三级《笔译实务》试卷Section1:English-Chinese Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Old people in Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now,miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal,dotted with occasional bushes and trees.Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere,but hardly any dried grass is.Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance,said Gilles Boetsch,an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region.“The local Peul people are herders,often nomadic.But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,”Mr. Boetsch said in an interview.“The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”Since2008,however,Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert.Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a545-kilometer,or340-mile,ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project,the Great Green Wall.First proposed in2005,the program links Senegal and10other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a15kilometer-wide,7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert.While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier,Senegal has taken the lead,with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable.We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,”Col.Pap Sarr,the agency’s technical director,said in an interview here.Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr.Boetsch,in fields as varied as soil microbiology,ecology,medicine and anthropology.“In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,”the colonel said. Each year since2008,from May to June,about400people are employed in eight nurseries,choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting.In August,1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings,about2million plants,allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long,dry season sets in.After their first dry season,the saplings look dead,brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground,but80 percent survive.Six years on,trees planted in2008are up to three meters,or10feet,tall.So far,30,000hectares, or about75,000acres,have been planted,including4,000hectares this summer.There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate,said Jean-Luc Peiry,a physical geography professor at the UniversitéBlaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand,France,who has placed30sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,”Professor Peiry said in an interview.“The transpiration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind,reducing the dust,and acting like a large rough doormat,halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,”he added.Wildlife is responding to the changes.“Migratory birds are reappearing,”Mr. Boetsch said.The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in1954,before Senegal achieved its independence from France in1960.The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals,tree nurseries and gardens wherefruit and vegetables are grown.Section2:Chinese-English Translation(50points)Translate the following passage into English.健康是促进人的全面发展的必然要求。
学术英语(理工)翻译text16
Text16转基因大豆对生育的影响幼鼠体重与生存率摘要研究了转基因大豆对大白鼠后代的出生率和存活率的影响。
一组雌性白鼠在交配和怀孕之前用转基因大豆粉喂养。
对照组用传统大豆喂养，第三组阳性对照组不喂养大豆粉。
对新生幼崽的体重和死亡率进行分析。
研究表明，相比于对照组和阳性对照组(分别为 9%和 6.8%)，转基因大豆组有很高的幼崽死亡率( 55.6%) 。
而且，第一组在哺乳期间继续死亡，幸存下来的体重也低于其他两组。
实验结果表明，转基因大豆对大白鼠的后代有消极影响。
介绍转基因生物是为了产生某些新的特性 (例如抗害虫和除草剂) 而从其他生物转移基因并通过重组 DNA 技术生产出来的植物、微生物和动物。
世界各国科学家谈论了转基因生物的危害的四个主要来源： 1)由新基因产生的危害和引入的基因产品； 2) 技术固有的非预期效果； 3)外源基因和宿主基因的相互作用； 4)普通异花授粉和水平基因转移引起的引种基因传播。
(世界科学家声明 2000)转基因作物包含自然条件下不存在的物质，它们成为我们日常饮食的一部分。
为了了解转基因植物对我们和动物有什么影响，研究这些转基因植物对不同物种中几代人的影响是至关重要的。
目前这些研究缺乏科学文献的支持。
此外，转基因作物对动物的代谢也有些有害的影响。
许多调查显示，转基因生物对动物和环境的危害。
早些时候的研究表明，动物食用转基因食物会导致其生物体发生负面改变。
普斯陶伊的试验显示，被植入的雪花莲凝集素基因 ( 一种杀虫蛋白) 修饰的土豆阻碍了白鼠的生长，显著地影响了它们的一些重要器官，包括，肾脏，胸腺，胃线虫肌肉等 (1998)，并且损害了它们的肠道和免疫系统。
(埃文和普斯陶伊1999) .俄罗斯营养所得到转基因土豆对白鼠的类似影响(埃尔恩 2005) 。
风险评估文件中提出，转基因植物的转基因成分在人类和动物的消化道中被完全破坏，以及在其中发现的其他遗传物质。
可是，外源 DNA 质粒的抗消化比原先认为的要稳定。
2016年5月、11月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案
2016年5月翻译资格考试三级英语笔译真题及答案试题部分：Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) Translate the following passage into Chinese.LECCO, Italy — Each morning, about 450 students travel along 17 school bus routes to 10 elementary schools in this lakeside city at the southern tip of Lake Como. There are zero school buses.In 2003, to confront the triple threats of childhood obesity, local traffic jams and —most important —a rise in global greenhouse gases abetted by car emissions, an environmental group here proposed a retro-radical concept: children should walk to school.They set up a piedibus (literally foot-bus in Italian) —a bus route with a driver but no vehicle. Each morning a mix of paid staff members and parental volunteers in fluorescent yellow vests lead lines of walking students along Lecco’s twisting streets to the schools’ gates, Pied Piper-style, stopping here and there as their flock expands.At the Carducci School, 100 children, or more than half of the students, now take walking buses. Many of them were previously driven in cars. Giulio• Greppi, a 9-year-old with shaggy blond hair, said he had been driven about a third of a mile each way until he started taking the piedibus. “I get to see my friends and we feel special because we know it’s good for the environment,” he said.Although the routes are each generally less than a mile, the town’s piedibuses have so far eliminated more than 100,000 miles of car travel and, in principle, prevented thousands of tons of greenhouse gases from entering the air, Dario Pesenti, the town’s environment auditor, estimates.The number of children who are driven to school over all is rising in the United States and Europe, experts on both continents say, making up a sizable chunk of transportation’s contribution to greenhouse-gas emissions. The “school run” made up 18 percent of car trips by urban residents of Britain last year, a national survey showed.In 1969, 40 percent of students in the United States walked to school; in 2001, the most recent year data was collected, 13 percent did, according to the federal government’s National Household Travel Survey. Lecco’s walking bus was the first in Italy, but hundreds have cropped up elsewhere in Europe and, more recently, in North America to combat the trend.Towns in France, Britain and elsewhere in Italy have created such routes, although few are as extensive and long-lasting as Lecco’s.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英) Translate the following passage into English.全球气候变化深刻影响着人类生存和发展，是各国共同面临的重大挑战。
学术综合英语课后填空汉译英Unit-5
学术综合英语课后填空汉译英Unit-5Section AA1.Whether the cloning of human beings is morally justified is now on the na-tio ns’ moral agenda.克隆人类道德上是否正当，现在正处于国家道德议程上2. It is reported that the company will promulgate detailed rules and regula-tio ns for the efficiency standard of the new water heaters before the end of this y ears.据悉，该公司将在今年年底前颁布有关新型热水器效率标准的详细规章制度。
3. High prices are deterring a lot of young couples from buying houses.高房价正阻碍着许多年轻夫妇买房子4. People particularly dislike politicians whose speeches are full of empty rhet oric. 修辞学；辩论法;华丽的文词；花言巧语；人们尤其不喜欢那些演讲空洞无物的政治家5. We should not stop eating for fear of choking. 窒息的，闭紧的；(声音)哽住的我们不应该因噎废食。
6．The website was accused of distorting the fact and slandering the president 这个网站被指控歪曲事实和诽谤总统。
（“被指控…”与“因为…被指控”还是有区别的）7. If you have an open mindset,you will learn from everything：如果你具有开放的观念，那你将能从任何事情中学习。
学术中译英
学术中译英Translation in Academic WritingAcademic writing plays a crucial role in the dissemination of knowledge and the advancement of various disciplines. It serves as a means for scholars to communicate their research findings, theories, and ideas to a wider audience. The translation of academic texts from Chinese to English is a significant aspect of this process, ensuring that valuable research is accessible to a global audience.When undertaking the task of translating academic texts, it is essential to adhere to certain guidelines to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the translation. Firstly, it is important to avoid inserting any web addresses or hyperlinks within the text. This helps maintain the integrity of the written content and prevents any distractions for the readers.Furthermore, mathematical or computational formulas should be avoided in the translation. Instead, it is advisable to express these concepts in a descriptive manner, using precise language to convey the intended meaning. This approach ensures that the translation remains accessible to readers who may not have a strong mathematical background.To enhance the readability of the translated text, it is crucial to maintain a sense of uniqueness in the content. Repetition of ideas or information should be avoided, as it can lead to confusion and disinterest among readers. Clear paragraph structures, appropriate headings, and logical flow are also essential to create a cohesive and coherent piece of writing.While incorporating visual aids such as images or graphs can be beneficial in academic writing, it is important to refrain from using any image links or referencing visual information. Instead, the text should focus on describing the key points and findings, using appropriate vocabulary and language to accurately convey the information.The use of phrases like "as shown in the figure" or "as depicted in the diagram" should be avoided, as it relies on visual elements that may not be present in the translated text. Instead, the translation should focus on providing clear explanations and descriptions that can be understood without any visual aids.Repeating the same question or query multiple times within the text should be avoided, as it can lead to redundancy and a lack of clarity. Instead, the translation should strive to provide concise and comprehensive answers to the questions raised in the original text.While it is important to establish the credibility and expertise of the translator, excessive self-introduction should be avoided. The focus should be on accurately conveying the content and maintaining the integrity of the original text.In order to create a compelling and engaging translation, it is necessary to use varied sentence structures, appropriate vocabulary, and vivid descriptions. The translation should capture the emotions and perspectives of the original author, making the readers feel as if they are listening to a real person narrating the content.Overall, the translation of academic texts from Chinese to English requires careful attention to detail, linguistic proficiency, and a deep understanding of the subject matter. By following the guidelines outlined above, translators can ensure that their translations are accurate, informative, and accessible to a wider international audience.。
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201605学术英语翻译作业汉译英
选择P1、P3，或P2、P4 （打印在一页纸上）
P 1
教育孩子懂礼貌、谦虚和忍让是父母的责任。
作为父母的最重要的一项责任就是向其子女传授正直、正派、尊重他人的价值观。
但是，老师和学校管理者绝不应成为伦理道德的旁观者。
假如我们希望实现我们学校的宗旨，不仅教育学生，而且要鼓励他们实现每个人的自身价值。
我们就绝不能放弃把本校建设成为一个道德社会的理想。
在这里人人均须以礼待人、容忍他人的不同意见。
English Translation
It's parents' duty to educate children to be polite, modest and tolerant. One of the most important responsibilities for parents is that imparting to their children the values of integrity, decency and respect others. But teachers and school administrators should never be the ethical bystander. Our school aims not only to educate students, but also encourage them to achieve the value of themselves. If we want to achieve our aim, we can not give up the ideal of building the school into a moral ideal of the society. Everyone here must be polite to others and tolerate others' different opinions.
P 3
文学的工具是语言文字。
我们第一须认识语言文字，其次须有运用语言文字的技巧。
这事看似很容易，因为一般人日常都在运用语言文字；但实际上是极难的，因为文学要用平常的语言文字产生不平常的效果。
文学家对于语言文字的了解，必须比一般人较精确，然后可以运用自如。
他必须懂得字的形声字的组织以及音义与组织对于读者所产生的影响。
这要包含文学、逻辑学、文法、美学和心理各种知识。
……一个人想做出第一流文学作品，别的条件不用说，单说语文研究一项，他必须具有深厚的修养，他必须达到有话都可以说出而且说得好的程度。
English Translation
Language is the tool of literary. Firstly, we must know the language. And then, we need the skill to use it. It seems to be easy for the reason that all people use language in daily life. In fact, it is quite difficult as the result of that literary needs to use common language make unusual effect. Litterateurs' understanding of word must be more accurate than everyman, so they can have a perfect command of it. He must know not only about the organization of phonological symbol but also the effect of pronunciation, meaning and organizations to readers.To achieve this goal, they need knowledge that includes literature, logic, grammar, aesthetics and psychology……If a person would like to make a first-class literary works, other conditions, needless to say, only said a language research item. He must have a profound culture. What's more, he has to achieve the degree that he has something to say and his word is meaningful.。