英文版国际贸易实务第一课导论
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Practice of International Trade
Chapter 1
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
You Are Who You Are
Performance 30%
Attendance 15% Exercises & homework 15%
Final exam 70%
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
• Why do countries trade? • Shouldn’t a strong country such as the
United States produce all of the computers, television sets, automobiles and cameras it wants rather than import such products from Japan? • Why do the Japanese and other countries buy wheat, corn, chemical products, aircraft, manufactured goods, and informational services from the United States?
为了得到某种东西而所要放弃另一些东西的最大价值；也可以理解为在面 临多方案择一决策时，被舍弃的选项中的最高价值者是本次决策的机会成 本；还指厂商把相同的生产要素投入到其他行业当中去可以获得的最高收 益。
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Starting from iPhone………
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Objectives
✓To master the procedure of International Trade practice ✓To learn how to make required documents ✓To master standard business terms and expressions
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (5) Geographical location and transport costs
US VS Canada
EU
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （1）Opportunity Cost
Definition: The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen". (New Oxford American Dictionary ) Opportunity cost is a key concept in economics, and has been described as expressing "the basic relationship between scarcity and choice"
• Invisible Trade（无形贸易）: Trade in services and technologies
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Tangible goods
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Intangible services
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (3) Technologies and labor
Importing advanced equipment from the US, Japan
(4) Capital resources
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (6) Insufficient production
Only 1.2% labor --------- in food production Importing US$25 billion annually
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
So you should carefully calculate your cost and benefit and make a wiser choice!
Think of your opportunity cost of studying here?
C4 Packing and Marking
包装与标志
Fra Baidu bibliotek
C5 International Trade Terms
国际贸易术语
C6 International Cargo Transport 国际货物运输
C7 Cargo Transport Insurance
货物运输保险
C8 International Payment
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
目录CONTENTS
C1 Introduction to International Trade
国际贸易导论
C2 Business Negotiation and Conclusion
of the Contract
交易磋商与合同订立
C3 Quality and Quantity of Goods 商品的品质与数量
➢国际贸易（International Trade）是指不同国家（和/或地 区）之间的商品和劳务的交换活动。 ➢国际贸易是商品和劳务的国际转移。 ➢国际贸易也叫世界贸易。 ➢国际贸易由进口贸易（Import Trade）和出口贸易(Export Trade)两部分组成，故有时也称为进出口贸易。
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （2）The principle of absolute advantage
绝对优势
country
commodity Wine (L/H) Cloth (Y/H)
A. The definition of international trade
Viewed from the international sphere, the exchanges of goods and services across international boundaries or territories are worldwide trade transactions, and also known as international trade or world trade.
国际支付
C9 Inspection/Claims/Force Majeure and Arbitration
检验、索赔、不可抗力和仲裁
C10 Performance of the Contract 进出口合同的履行
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.1 What Is International Trade？
The US Great Plains states 北美中部大平原
A big wheat exporter
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (2) Natural resources
Middle East : 70% world’s total oil reserve 40% world total output Over 2/3 of the oil that Western Europe and Japan consume
• Question: Is the transaction between the parent company and the two subsidiaries an international trade?
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
国际性的判断标准
1. 买卖双方当事人的营业地处于不同国家 2. 当事人具有不同的国籍 3. 订立合同的行为完成于不同国家 4. 货物须由一国运往另一国
The lack of capital------- developing countries are unable to modernize their industries and economies with advanced machinery, equipment, and plant they are not yet able to manufacture.
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （2）The principle of absolute advantage
绝对优势
Adam Smith(1723-1790) The Wealth of Nations
Case Study
• Suppose that an America-based multinational company set up two subsidiaries in China. The parent company signed a sales contract with the subsidiaries, which stipulated that the parent company would make the delivery to one of the subsidiaries in Shanghai, which should forward some of the goods to another subsidiary at Chengdu.
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons
(1) Climate conditions and terrain
• Agricultural produce
Colombia and Brazil
Coffee beans\ coffee
Some concepts:
• Foreign Trade（对外贸易）: From the perspective of one country, international trade is also called ‘foreign trade’.
• Visible Trade(有形贸易）: Trade in goods which can be actually seen passing through ports or airport, entering or leaving one country.
France England
2）Economic reasons （1）Opportunity Cost
Given a choice of producing one product or another, it is more efficient to produce the product with the lower opportunity cost, using the increased production of that product to trade for the product with the higher opportunity cost.
Chapter 1
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
You Are Who You Are
Performance 30%
Attendance 15% Exercises & homework 15%
Final exam 70%
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
• Why do countries trade? • Shouldn’t a strong country such as the
United States produce all of the computers, television sets, automobiles and cameras it wants rather than import such products from Japan? • Why do the Japanese and other countries buy wheat, corn, chemical products, aircraft, manufactured goods, and informational services from the United States?
为了得到某种东西而所要放弃另一些东西的最大价值；也可以理解为在面 临多方案择一决策时，被舍弃的选项中的最高价值者是本次决策的机会成 本；还指厂商把相同的生产要素投入到其他行业当中去可以获得的最高收 益。
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Starting from iPhone………
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Objectives
✓To master the procedure of International Trade practice ✓To learn how to make required documents ✓To master standard business terms and expressions
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (5) Geographical location and transport costs
US VS Canada
EU
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （1）Opportunity Cost
Definition: The loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen". (New Oxford American Dictionary ) Opportunity cost is a key concept in economics, and has been described as expressing "the basic relationship between scarcity and choice"
• Invisible Trade（无形贸易）: Trade in services and technologies
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Tangible goods
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
Intangible services
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (3) Technologies and labor
Importing advanced equipment from the US, Japan
(4) Capital resources
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (6) Insufficient production
Only 1.2% labor --------- in food production Importing US$25 billion annually
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
So you should carefully calculate your cost and benefit and make a wiser choice!
Think of your opportunity cost of studying here?
C4 Packing and Marking
包装与标志
Fra Baidu bibliotek
C5 International Trade Terms
国际贸易术语
C6 International Cargo Transport 国际货物运输
C7 Cargo Transport Insurance
货物运输保险
C8 International Payment
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
目录CONTENTS
C1 Introduction to International Trade
国际贸易导论
C2 Business Negotiation and Conclusion
of the Contract
交易磋商与合同订立
C3 Quality and Quantity of Goods 商品的品质与数量
➢国际贸易（International Trade）是指不同国家（和/或地 区）之间的商品和劳务的交换活动。 ➢国际贸易是商品和劳务的国际转移。 ➢国际贸易也叫世界贸易。 ➢国际贸易由进口贸易（Import Trade）和出口贸易(Export Trade)两部分组成，故有时也称为进出口贸易。
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （2）The principle of absolute advantage
绝对优势
country
commodity Wine (L/H) Cloth (Y/H)
A. The definition of international trade
Viewed from the international sphere, the exchanges of goods and services across international boundaries or territories are worldwide trade transactions, and also known as international trade or world trade.
国际支付
C9 Inspection/Claims/Force Majeure and Arbitration
检验、索赔、不可抗力和仲裁
C10 Performance of the Contract 进出口合同的履行
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.1 What Is International Trade？
The US Great Plains states 北美中部大平原
A big wheat exporter
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons (2) Natural resources
Middle East : 70% world’s total oil reserve 40% world total output Over 2/3 of the oil that Western Europe and Japan consume
• Question: Is the transaction between the parent company and the two subsidiaries an international trade?
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
国际性的判断标准
1. 买卖双方当事人的营业地处于不同国家 2. 当事人具有不同的国籍 3. 订立合同的行为完成于不同国家 4. 货物须由一国运往另一国
The lack of capital------- developing countries are unable to modernize their industries and economies with advanced machinery, equipment, and plant they are not yet able to manufacture.
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
2）Economic reasons （2）The principle of absolute advantage
绝对优势
Adam Smith(1723-1790) The Wealth of Nations
Case Study
• Suppose that an America-based multinational company set up two subsidiaries in China. The parent company signed a sales contract with the subsidiaries, which stipulated that the parent company would make the delivery to one of the subsidiaries in Shanghai, which should forward some of the goods to another subsidiary at Chengdu.
英文版国际B贸RE易AD实P务PT第一课导论
1.2 Why International Trade？
1）Resources reasons
(1) Climate conditions and terrain
• Agricultural produce
Colombia and Brazil
Coffee beans\ coffee
Some concepts:
• Foreign Trade（对外贸易）: From the perspective of one country, international trade is also called ‘foreign trade’.
• Visible Trade(有形贸易）: Trade in goods which can be actually seen passing through ports or airport, entering or leaving one country.
France England
2）Economic reasons （1）Opportunity Cost
Given a choice of producing one product or another, it is more efficient to produce the product with the lower opportunity cost, using the increased production of that product to trade for the product with the higher opportunity cost.