词语翻译汇总

词语的翻译汇总

一、词义的选择

I. 基本技巧

1）确切：

这个人私贩鸦片。（secretly sell?）

This man is a trafficker of opium.

他想这样会使工程及时全面展开，从而减少中途停工的可能。

He thought this would lessen the chance of the project’s being stopped before it really got under way.

2）简洁：

他们你一句，我一句，说个没完。

They talked on and on (without stopping.)

你们的计划要进行调整。

Your plan will have to be adjusted.

3）生动：

他总算把记者招待会对付过去了。

After all, he survived the press conference.

公共汽车为人们去长城参观提供了方便。

Buses provide easy access to the Great Wall. (more vivid than “provide convenience for…)

II．汉译英时如何使译文准确

1. 概说：

1）用词要忠实于原文，不能只凭―大概‖。

A. 在提及工艺品的发展前景时，于经理说：--

While speaking of the prospects for handicraft, Manager Yu said, --(dwelling on)

B. 技术革新受到了鼓励。

Technical innovations are encouraged. (urged)

C. 允许一部分人先富起来。

We encourage some people to get rich first.

2）注意汉英词汇意义的不同：

狗把他的手抓了。

The dog scratched his hand.

抓住机会

grasp the opportunity

抓苗头

watch out for the first sign

抓生产

attach importance to production

抓住机遇

value opportunities

3) 不能够字字死译，要考虑英语的含义。

为了多积攒点钱买房子，他们省吃俭用。thriftily

* They save food and expenses to -

They live frugally to accumulate more money to buy a house.

无论天晴还是下雨，他们明天都得去。

Rain or shine, they will have to go tomorrow.

2．去掉不必要的夸张

1 )世界上公认他是最伟大的政治家（社论）。

* He is everybody’s choice as the world’s greatest statesman.

He is generally acknowledged as the world’s greatest statesman.

2) 和这里的人们一样，他也喜欢吃土豆。

*Like all people here, he likes to eat potatoes.

Like most people here, he likes to eat potatoes.

3．用词要注意轻重

1)我国的进出口贸易总额有了较大幅度的增长。

There has been a big increase in the total volume of imports and exports.

2）我们必须广泛地利用现代科学技术的新成就。

We must utilize the achievements of modern science and technology on a wide/large scale. 3）他们向解放区发动了全面进攻。

They launched an all-out offensive campaign against the liberated areas.

4）合同的基本条款和内容不完善。(*imperfect)

The basic provisions and content of the contract are incomplete.

4. 用词要具体

1）他是一个土木工程师。

He’s a civil engineer.

(not engineer: sanitary, mining or telephone engineer)

2) 在火车离开的前几分钟，他阔步走进了火车站。

walk, saunter, stride, trudge, shamble

He strode into the station a few minutes before the train’s departure.

思想：

毛泽东思想

Mao Zedong Thought

解放思想

Liberate one’s mind

军事思想

military thinking

人民战争思想

concept of people’s war

III. 使译文清楚，避免歧义：

1．名词所有格：

在看到张三的杀人行为时他感到十分震惊。

He was very much shocked at the sight of Zhang San’s killing.*(himself or somebody else)