[实用参考]商务英语翻译教程.ppt

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[实用参考]Blackmail课文翻译

(高级英语课文翻译)Book1Lesson3Blackmail敲诈--阿瑟•黑利负责饭店保安工作的欧吉维探长打了那个神秘的电话，本来说好一个小时后光临克罗伊敦夫妇所住的套房的，可实际上却过了两个小时才到。

结果，当外间门上的电铃终于发出沉闷的嗡嗡声时，公爵夫妇的神经都紧张到了极点。

公爵夫人亲自去开门。

此前她早已借故把女仆支开，并且狠心地给那位脸儿圆圆的、见到狗就怕得要死的男秘书派了一个要命的差事，让他牵着贝德林顿狼犬出去散步。

想到这两个人随时都会回来，她自己的紧张情绪怎么也松弛不下来。

随着欧吉维进屋的是一团雪茄烟雾。

当他随着她走进起居室时，公爵夫人目光直射着这个大肥佬嘴里叼着的那烧了半截的雪茄。

“我丈夫和我都讨厌浓烈的烟味，您行行好把它灭了吧!”探长那双夹在面部隆起的肉堆中的猪眼睛轻蔑地将她上下打量了一番。

接着，他便移动目光，对这个宽敞豪华、设备齐全的房间扫视了一周，看到了那位正背朝窗户、神色茫然地望着他们的公爵夫人。

“你们这套房间布置得倒挺讲究的呢。

”欧吉维慢条斯理地从口中拿下雪茄，敲掉烟灰，然后将烟蒂扔向靠右边的一个装饰性壁炉，但他失了准头，烟蒂掉到地毯上，他也不去管它。

公爵夫人的嘴唇绷得紧紧的。

她没好气地说道，“我想你该不是为谈论房间布置到这儿来的吧。

”他乐得咯咯直笑，肥胖的身子也跟着抖动起来。

“不是的，夫人，怎么会呢!不过，我确实喜爱高雅的东西。

”他压低了他那极端刺耳的尖嗓音接着说，“比如像你们那辆小轿车，就是停在饭店的那辆，美洲虎牌，是的吧?”“噢!”这声音不像是从口中说出来的，倒像是从克罗伊敦公爵鼻子中呼出来的。

他的夫人马上瞪了他一眼，以示警告。

“我们的车子与你有什么相干呢?”公爵夫人的这句问话似乎是个信号，一听到这个信号，探长的态度马上就变了。

他猝然问道，“这儿还有别的人么?”公爵回答道，“没有。

我们早把他们都打发出去了。

”“还是检查一下的好。

”这个大胖子以敏捷得出奇的动作对整个套房前前后后地巡查了一遍，凡是有门的地方就打开往里看看。

21世纪实用国际商务英语口语(

21世纪实用国际商务英语口语(全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Practical International Business English for KidsHi there, friends! Today, we're going to learn about how to speak English for business. It's super important because English is the language that people from all around the world use to do business together. Isn't that cool?Let's start with some basic greetings. When you meet someone for the first time, you can say:"Hello, my name is [your name].""It's nice to meet you.""How are you today?"Make sure to smile and shake their hand firmly, but not too tight! Good manners are always important in business.Now, let's say you're in a meeting and you want to share your idea. You can say:"May I make a suggestion?""In my opinion, we should...""I propose that we..."It's polite to ask for permission before speaking, and to use phrases like "in my opinion" or "I propose" to show that you're just giving your idea, not telling everyone what to do.Sometimes, you might not understand something that someone says. That's okay! You can ask them to repeat or explain by saying:"Could you please repeat that?""I'm sorry, I didn't quite understand.""Could you clarify what you mean by...?"Don't be afraid to ask questions! It's better to make sure you understand everything correctly.When you're talking to someone from a different country, it's important to be respectful of their culture. You can ask them about their customs and traditions by saying:"I'm interested in learning more about your culture.""Could you tell me about [a specific tradition or custom]?""What are some important values in your culture?"Just be sure to listen carefully and avoid making judgments or assumptions.At the end of a meeting or conversation, you'll want to wrap things up politely. You can say:"Thank you for your time.""It was a pleasure speaking with you.""I look forward to our next discussion."Remember, good communication is key in business. If you're ever unsure about something, don't hesitate to ask for help or clarification.That's a basic overview of some useful English phrases for international business. Keep practicing, and you'll be a pro in no time! Just remember to be polite, respectful, and always willing to learn from others.Good luck, my friends! Let me know if you have any other questions.篇221st Century Practical International Business English ConversationHi there! Let me tell you all about using English for international business these days. It's super important to be able to communicate well in English if you want to work with people from different countries.First off, you need to learn how to introduce yourself properly. You can say "Hello, my name is [Your Name]. It's nice to meet you." Then you should ask their name by saying "What's your name?" After exchanging names, you can ask where they are from by saying "Where are you from?"Once you've gotten to know each other a bit, you'll want to be able to talk about your job or business. You can explain what you do by saying "I work for [Company Name]. Wemake/sell/provide [Product or Service]." Then you can ask them about their company by saying "What does your company do?"An important part of business English is being able to set up meetings and appointments. You might say "I'd like to schedule a meeting to discuss our partnership opportunities. Are you available next Tuesday at 2pm?" If that time doesn't work, you can suggest alternatives like "How about Wednesday morning instead?"During meetings, you'll need to be able to make suggestions, agree, disagree, and negotiate. For example, you could say "Isuggest we increase our production by 20% next quarter. What do you think?" If you agree, say "That's a great idea, I'm on board." If you disagree, try "I'm not sure I agree with that approach. I was thinking we could try [alternative idea] instead."Don't forget to practice giving clear instructions and explaining processes step-by-step. "First, we'll need to review the sales projections. Next, we'll calculate our inventory needs based on those numbers. Then, we can move forward with placing the product order."Business English also involves lots of emails and written communication. You may need to send a formal email stating "I am writing to express my interest in your latest software product and request a quote." Or a more casual email like "Just wanted to give you a heads up that the shipment may be delayed by a couple of days."When making requests, be polite by saying "Would you be able to send me the report by Friday?" And don't forget to use please and thank you! "Thanks so much for your help on this project. I really appreciate your hard work."Sometimes miscommunications happen, and you'll need to clarify what someone means. You can say "I'm sorry, I didn'tquite understand. Could you please explain that again?" Or "What exactly did you mean when you said [xyz]?"Overall, using English for international business requires being able to introduce yourself, describe your work, schedule meetings, make suggestions, give instructions, send communications, make requests politely, and clarify misunderstandings. With practice, you'll be communicating like a pro!I hope these examples and tips help you get started with21st century practical international business English conversation. Just remember to speak slowly and clearly. Don't be afraid to ask someone to repeat themselves if you didn't understand. And keep studying - the more you practice, the better you'll get! Good luck!篇321st Century Practical International Business English ConversationHello friends! Today we're going to learn about how people talk to each other when they do business internationally. It's called international business English conversation, and it's superimportant in our modern world where companies work with partners from all over the globe.First, let's talk about greetings. When you meet someone for a business meeting or call, you want to be polite and friendly. You can say "Hello, it's nice to meet you" or "Goodmorning/afternoon/evening." If you know the person's name, you can say "Hello Mr./Ms. [Last Name]." Remember to smile and make eye contact too!After greeting each other, it's common to make small talk. This helps break the ice and make everyone feel comfortable before getting down to business talk. You can comment on the weather, ask how their day is going, or mention something about the city or country you're in. For example, "Lovely weather we're having today!" or "How are you enjoying your stay in Tokyo so far?"When it's time to discuss business, you'll want to be clear, concise, and professional in your language. Avoid using too many idioms or slang words that might be confusing. Instead, speak slowly and use simple vocabulary as much as possible. If there are any important numbers, facts or technical terms, repeat them clearly.It's polite to frequently use phrases like "If I understand correctly..." or "Please let me know if I'm explaining this properly." This shows you are listening carefully and want to make sure everyone is on the same page. Don't be afraid to ask for clarification if you don't understand something!During meetings and negotiations, learn to politely disagree if needed by saying "I see your point, however..." or "Another way to look at this is..." Always stay calm and respectful, even if there are disagreements or tense moments.When wrapping up, summarize the key points discussed and next steps. You might say "To summarize, we agreed to..." or "The next action item is for me to..." Thank everyone for their time, and use a polite closing like "It was a pleasure speaking with you" or "Thank you for your consideration."The most important things are to speak clearly, listen carefully, remain professional yet friendly, and try your best to understand each other. With practice, international business English conversation will become second nature!I hope these tips help you all become international business superstars. ??Just remember to be polite, stay positive, and never stop learning and growing. The world is an amazing place withso many opportunities when we can effectively communicate across cultures. What an exciting time to be alive!篇4Practical International Business English for KidsHi kids! Today we're going to learn about how to speak great English for doing business around the world. It's super important because English is the global language for trade and commerce. If you want to grow up and work with people from different countries, you'll need to know how to communicate clearly in English. Let's get started!First up, greetings! When you meet someone for the first time, you need to introduce yourself politely. You can say "Hello, my name is [Your Name]. It's nice to meet you." Then shake their hand firmly while smiling. Good eye contact is important too.If you're meeting someone you've met before, you can say "Good morning/afternoon, [Their Name]. How are you today?" Listen carefully to their response and reply. For example, if they say "I'm well, thanks," you can say "That's great to hear!"Now let's talk about making requests. Sometimes you need to ask for things at work. The magic word is "please." You couldsay "Please could you send me that report by tomorrow morning?" Or "Please may I have a Few minutes of your time?" Being polite goes a long way.Apologizing is also crucial for smoothing over any mistakes or miscommunications. You can say "I'm sorry for the delay in getting back to you." Or "Please accept my apologies for the inconvenience." Admitting fault shows you're professional.Expressing opinions is important too. You might need to share your thoughts in a meeting. Try phrases like "In my opinion..." or "From my perspective..." Then explain your idea clearly and concisely. For example, "In my opinion, expanding into that new market could be very profitable."Don't forget to use phrases to show you're listening attentively too. You could nod and say "I see..." or "Uh huh..." or "Go on..." This lets the speaker know you're engaged.Phone calls are very common too. Answer politely with "Good morning/afternoon, [Your Name] speaking." If you need to put someone on hold, say "Could you please hold for a moment?" When you return, apologize for the wait.For ending calls, say "Thank you for your time. Goodbye." If calling someone, make sure you have the right person by asking"Am I speaking with [Their Name]?" Be patient if there's a bad line and ask them to repeat anything you missed.Writing emails is a key skill too. Start with "Dear [Name]" and close with "Best regards, [Your Name]." Use formal language, get to the point quickly, and double check for any spelling or grammar errors.Meetings are important too. Arrive a few minutes early, come prepared with your notes, and be ready to contribute your ideas respectfully. If you need to interject, say "Excuse me, may I add something?"When negotiating deals, be assertive but not aggressive. You could say "I must insist on these terms." Or "That price is too high. Could we meet in the middle?" Stay calm and rational.Finally, socializing helps build bonds. Make small talk by commenting on neutral topics like weather, sports, or travel plans. Ask friendly questions about someone's job or family. Just avoid controversial subjects.Phew, that's a lot to cover! The key things are being polite, direct yet respectful, and really listening. With practice, you'll be chatting like an international business pro in English. Just believe in yourself and give it your best effort!篇5Practical International Business English for the 21st CenturyHi there! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to talk to you about learning practical English for international business. Why am I qualified to teach you about this, you might ask? Well, my mom is a global business consultant and she's always jetting off to different countries for work. She has taught me all about the importance of speaking good English when working internationally.The first thing you need to know is that English is the language of international business. No matter where in the world you go, chances are the business people speak at least some English. From China to Chile, India to Italy, English is the common language that connects businesspeople from different cultures.So if you want to work for a multinational company or do business deals across borders, you gotta learn to speak English properly. And I'm not just talking about knowing vocab words from a textbook. You need practical, conversational English skills that prepare you for real-world business situations.Like, what if you get invited to a business dinner in Tokyo? You'll need to know how to make small talk appropriately. Stuff like:"It's a pleasure to meet you Mr. Tanaka. Your company has an excellent reputation in the semiconductor industry.""Thank you for the kind words. How was your flight from Chicago?"See? Just simple chitchat, but it's polite and shows you have good manners. Manners are super important in many Asian cultures when meeting someone for the first time.Or let's say you're negotiating a big contract with a German company. You have to learn phrases for accepting an offer but also politely disagreeing if needed. Like:"Your proposed payment terms are reasonable. However, we were hoping for a 60 day period before the first installment is due.""Sehr gut. We can agree to 60 days for the initial payment."Using phrases like "however" and "we were hoping" softens the disagreement so you don't sound too blunt or demanding. That's a very important communication style when dealing with Germanic cultures like German or Austrian businesses.Another example - what if you're presenting your company's new product to potential investors in Brazil? Well first off, Brazilians tend to be a bit more formal than Americans. So your greetings and introductions need to be polite:"Good morning honorable investors, esteemed colleagues. It is my distinguished privilege to present to you..."See how that sounds way more formal than just saying "Hey guys, let me tell you about our new product"? You gotta adjust your English to match the cultural norms.And when actually describing your product, you'll want to use clear, vivid language to get your point across. Something like:"Our revolutionary new software will seamlessly integrate with your existing IT infrastructure, enhancing productivity while providing robust data security protocols."Using good vocabulary with descriptive adjectives is important to explain your product's value proposition effectively.Oh, and let's not forget giving presentations aided by visual slides or multimedia. You'll need commands like:"If we could please direct your attention to the graph rendered on the screen...""This compelling video trailer will succinctly illustrate the key benefits..."See? Those are good practical English phrases for controlling the multimedia flow in a business presentation.No matter what international business scenario you encounter, you gotta be ready with the right kind of English vernacular. Stuff like:"Apologies, I didn't catch your previous statement - could you please repeat that?"That's a polite way to ask someone to repeat what they said if you missed it, rather than just blurting "Huh? What'd you say?"Or for managing a discussion: "Thank you for that insightful contribution. Does anyone else have a different perspective they'd like to add?"Using expressions like "insightful contribution" and "different perspective" just has a more professional tone than saying "good point" or "other opinions?"Oh and you can never go wrong with a friendly: "It was wonderful to make your acquaintance. I look forward to future opportunities for collaboration."Wrapping up a meeting politely with pragmatic phrases like those will leave your international colleagues with a positive impression.The possibilities for practical international business English phrases are endless! The key is learning vocabulary, grammar, and pragmatics beyond what you'd study in a basic English class. You need idioms, nuances, and tur s of phrase that are incredibly useful for the global workplace.Well, I could ramble on further but I'm gonna stop there. As you can see, speaking good business English for an international career is super important! It's not just about memorizing lists of vocab - it's about truly mastering the subtle communication skills required in diverse cultural contexts.If you wanna get ahead in today's globalized economy, listening to this 10-year-old is actually great advice! Maybe I'll become an English teacher for global businesses when I grow up. Just gotta be sure to always say "Kindly disregard any inaccuracies - I'm still learning too!" Honesty and humility are great traits for an educator.Thanks for reading, and happy language learning!篇6Practical International Business English for the 21st CenturyHi there! My name is Emma and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to talk to you about something really important – learning English for international business. You might be thinking "But Emma, I'm just a kid! Why do I need to learn about that?" Well, let me tell you!The world is getting smaller and smaller every day because of things like the internet, planes that can fly anywhere, and companies that do business all over the globe. That means even if you live in a small town, you could end up working with people from other countries when you grow up. Pretty cool, right?So if you want to be ready for that amazing future, you need to start learning international business English now. It's a type of English that helps people from different cultures and languages understand each other better when they are doing business together. Let me give you some examples of what I mean.First, there are lots of special words and phrases used in the business world that you need to know. Like if someone asks you to "think outside the box", it doesn't mean you should go sit in a cardboard box! It means you should come up with creative, new ideas. Weird phrase, huh?You also have to be careful to speak slowly, clearly and politely when talking to international clients or partners. In some languages, it's considered rude to get too casual or loud. Using proper titles like "Mr." or "Ms." shows respect too.Another big part of international business English is understanding different cultural traditions and customs. Like in some countries, it's impolite to look someone in the eye for too long during a conversation. Or certain hand gestures that are fine where you live might be offensive elsewhere. It's a small world, but cultures can be very different!See what I mean? Learning this kind of stuff now will make you awesome at international business communication when you're older. Then you can work with super cool companies, travel to amazing places, and make lots of new friends from all around the world. How great is that?I know it might seem kind of boring as a kid, but trust me, it's going to be so useful later on. The earlier you start practicing international business English, the better you'll get at it. Who knows, you might even help your parents out with some big international deal one day! How's that for girl power?Okay, I could go on and on about why this is so important, but I don't want this to turn into a whole book. Just remember -learning international business English now will open up incredible opportunities for you in the future. You'll be able to communicate with partners, seal deals, and become a true global business superstar!So what do you say? Are you ready to start learning all about it? I know I sure am! Let's do this together and get prepped for that awesome international career. The world is waiting for us!。

[实用参考]SMART原则分析.ppt

明确的目标是我们获得成功的第一步
Page 7
SMART原则
•S-目标必须是具体的、明确的（Specific） •M-目标必须是可以衡量的（Measurable） •A-目标必须是可以达到的（Attainable） •R-目标必须是实际的且与其他目标具有相关性（Relevant） •T-目标必须具有明确的截止期限（Time-based）
Page 11
案例分享
李勇为了提高1000米的跑步成绩，每天安排2次1000米的训练，希望在3个月可以实现从原来的3分30秒提高到3分20秒
• S就是指1000米跑步 • M就是指进步10秒 • A就是指进步10秒是比较现实的，可以接受的 • R就是指为了进步10秒你要安排其他一些相关性目标 • T就是指三个月后取得进步，所以理论其实就在我们身边。实践
才是硬道理
Page 12
12
判断一下计划是否遵循SMART原则
• 王楠为了达到减肥效果，每天不吃饭并每天进行高强度的NTC训练，希望在一周之内可以达到减肥20斤的效果
• 没有任何表演经验的小赵想拍一部张艺谋指导的电影，每周去横店一次寻找出镜机会，期望在不久的将来可以实现
• UPT需要达到1.3
UPT有提升空间
店铺和商场都隶属于同
一集团
机会
外市场活动支持多部营运流程成熟，
有很强的培训支持
威胁
新模式商场进入商圈附近商场的大促电商的冲击
Page 15
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按着SMART原则设定你的提升方案
S-目标必须是具体的、明确的（Specific）
•店铺UPT提升
如何制定有效执行方案
Page 1
案例：Nike店铺S.W.O.T.分析

实用商务英语Unit10(上)

back
在国际贸易中，要保持或扩大业务就必须巩固和发展已有的业务关系，并且不断物色新的贸易伙伴以建立新的业务关系。新的业务关系可以通过银行、报纸广告、因特网、驻外商务机构、国外商会、商品交易会等多种渠道建立。
To write a letter for establishing business relations,you had better follow the steps below:
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ合式
The Nile Trading Co. Ltd. 161 Pyramid Street, Alexandria, Egypt Tel: (20-3)4900000 Fax: (20-3)4900001
back
11th May,2001
The Export Manager China Motorbike Co. Ltd 34 Fazhan Street Jinan, Shandong P. R. C.
Yours fainthfully, Abdul Aziz Marketing Manager
平头式
H. Woods & Co. Ltd. Nesson House, Newell Street Birmingham B15 3EL Tel: (44-121) 4560000 Fax: (44-121)4560001 1 March, 2001 The Manager Shanghai Textile Trading Co. Ltd. 72 Zhongshan Rd. Shanghai 200001 China Dear Sir or Madam, We are interested in tweed lengths suitable for skirt-making and would like to have details of your prices and terms. It would be helpful if you could supply samples. Yours faithfully, Larry Crane China Trade Manager

商务英语翻译 Unit 4

• • • • •
• • • •
（2）拟人使宣传的产品富于人物的情感和特侦，更人性化。如：Apple thinks different(苹果电脑，不同凡响)。（3）仿拟仿照人们熟知的现成的语言材料，根据表达的需要临时创造出新的语句，使语言生动活泼。如：Where there is a way, there is a Toyota (车到山前必有路，有路必有丰田车)，就是模仿耳熟能详的谚语Where there is a will, there is a way（有志者，事竟成）。（4）双关为加深语意，利用词的多义和同音，有意使语句具有双重意义，言在此而意在彼。如：we lead, others copy（理光打印机广告：我们领先，他人模仿），copy一语双关，既体现打印机复印的功能，又表现该品牌的领先地位。
• 参考译文：
• • • • • • • • • •
(1) 没有买卖，就没有杀害 (2) 开车不喝酒，喝酒不开车 (3) 因为绿色属于树木，地球才有了脉搏 (4) 保护环境识每个公民的责任与义务 (5) 使地球充满生机! (6) 胜利是不会向我走来的,我必须自己走向胜利 (7) 授人以鱼，不如授人以渔 (8谨防扒手 (9) 知识是一宝库,而实践就是开启宝库大门的钥匙 (10) 工作时工作, 玩乐是玩乐, 依此方法做, 轻松与欢乐
• 句法特点（Sentences） • （1）多用简单句 • 广告语言必须简练，能一下子抓住人们的注意力，引起大家的兴趣。 • 如：Nobody is perfect • Quality first. Customer supreme • （2）常用疑问句、祈使句和省略句 • 广告中采用疑问句和祈使句可激起人们的反应，使之采取行动。 • Wouldn’t you really rather have a Buick? • to indulge • You decide

[实用参考]21世纪大学英语翻译

Unit1一、汉译英1)你知道约翰这次失败的原因吗？他在中学里几乎全优。

(leadto,failure,eGcelin)DoPouknowwhathasledtoJohn’sfailurethistime?HeeGcelledinalmosteverPthinginhighschool.2)不要把今天应该做的的事情推迟到明天。

如果你落后就很难赶上了。

(putoff,what,fallbehind,catchup)Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatPoushoulddotodaP.IfPoufallbehind,itwillbediffic ultforPoutocatchup.3)他总是用新方法来解决问题，所以他在工作中取得了很大的成功。

(achieve,success,attack) HeachievesgreatsuccessinhisworkbecausehealwaPsfindsnewwaPstoattac kproblems.4)不要对这个孩子太严格。

你应该让他有些玩耍的时间来减轻压力。

(behardon,allow,funtime,reduce,stress)Don’tbetoohardonthechild.Poushouldallowhimtohavesomefuntimetoreduces tress.5)我们都期待史密斯教授给我们的大学学习一些有益的指导。

(eGpect,helpfultips)WealleGpectProf.SmithtogiveussomehelpfultipsoncollegestudP.6)贝蒂面带紧张的神色，好像害怕向别人做自我介绍似的。

(look,nervous,asif,introduce) BettPlookednervousasifshewereafraidtointroduceherselftoothers.7)你已经上大学了，应该学会独立自主。

商务英语翻译教程-精品

Warm-up
2 E-commerce Terms
Please write the English meaning of the terms below. Use a good dictionary or Internet to help you.
1. 跨境电子商务 ____c__r_o__s__s__-_b__o__r_d__e__r__e__-_c__o__m___m___e__r_c__e________
5. 结汇 ______s_e__t_t_le__m___e_n__t__o__f_e__x__c_h__a__n_g__e_____
Warm-up
2 E-commerce Terms
6. 海关监管系统 ___c__u__s__t_o__m___s___s_u__p__e__r_v__i_s__i_o__n__s__y__s__t_e__m______ 7. 自由贸易区 ____f_r__e__e___tr__a__d__e___z_o__n__e_____ 8. 原产地 ____p__l_a__c_e___o__f__o__r_i_g__i_n______ 9. 中小型企业 _____S__E__M____(_s__m___a__l_l__a__n__d___m___e__d__iu__m____e__n__t_e__r_p__r_i_s__e__s__)____ 10. 贸易额 ____t_r_a__d__e___v__o__l_u__m___e___
结构差异来翻译句子
Warm up
Warm-up
Do you know the B2B or B2C companies below? What are the Chinese names of them?

大学商贸英语翻译教程第二版 (李朝主编)

关于命题考试的有关规定

பைடு நூலகம்
1. 试题覆盖到章，适当突出重点。（80%） 2. 试卷中对不同能力层次的试题比例大致是： “识记”为20%，“理解”为20%，“应用”为 60%。 3. 试题难易程度应合理：易、较易、较难、难，比例为2：3：3：2。 4. 每份试卷中，各类考核点所占比例约为：重点占65%，次重点占25%，一般占10%。 5. 试题类型一般为：简答题，填空题，术语翻译题，单句翻译题，语境翻译题，段落翻译题。 6. 考试采用闭卷考试，考试时间为150分钟，采用百分制评分，60分合格。

Maybe he has cut off his own head and destroyed himself. Cast pearls before swine. She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth. I threw myself in a chair. He has to make a terrible decision.

英语名词转换成汉语动词
The firm has a large business connection. There is a large attendance at the Fair. Withdrawl of offer Revocation of offer Termination of offer Without his consent or confirmation

翻译理论
在我国，文字翻译最早开始于春秋时期的《越人歌》，迄今大约有2500年的历史，对翻译标准的争论也有1000多年，但有关翻译标准在翻译界迄今还没有达成“共识”，即还没有一个大家都认同的翻译标准。翻译是一门推敲的，无唯一答案的课程。国内外翻译标准百家争鸣、白花齐放。

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1. Arbitration of all questions in dispute under this contract shall be at the choice of either party and shall be in accordance with the International Arbitration Rules of American Arbitration Association.
c. The shift of meaning
.
词义的选择（Choice of Meaning）
变化中的词义（举例）
countdown fallout
economy orientation
pill liquor
倒计时放射性尘埃
扩展为: 十分危急的情况扩展为:（不良的）后果
家庭料理转化为: 经济
我方的产品均用上等材料制成，因此，在各方面都会使贵方满意。
由于以上两句中的choice的词性不同，在词义的确定上也有所不同。第一句中的Choice是名词，意思为“选择”（Act of choosing between two or more possibilities)；第二句中的Choice是形容词，意思为“优质的”（of very good quality）。
净收入纯利润最终结论
1. a low figure 2. workers 3. The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high. 生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。
东方
转化为: 方向
药. 片液体
缩小为: contraceptive (pills) 缩小为:白酒
词义的选择
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义（二）根据词性确定词义
（三）根据专业来确定词义（四）根据词的搭配关系和上下文
来确定词义
（一）根据汉语的表达习惯确定词义
net income net profit net conclusion
所报价格包括累进佣金，按FOB价为基础计算，每定单在10打及以上时佣金为2%，30打及以上为3%。
2. Party B is commissioned by the manufactures to buy steel plates and this contract shall supersede all previous commitments.
乙方受制造厂家的委托购买钢板，因此本合同将取代以前的一切承诺。
由于词性不同，以上两句中的commission的词义有很大差别。在前一句中名词，意思是“佣金”；在后一句中却是动词，意为“委托”或 “代理”。稍作引申： 1. Regressive 累退的; 2. The Contractor shall be responsible for and shall carry out all maintenance work during commissioning period.（在试运行期间，承包方应负责进行一切维修工作。）
4. The value of the pound has fallen to a new low against
the dollar. 英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的（最）低点。
商务英语翻译不同于文艺作品的翻译，一般不讲求文采、韵味、修辞等，而要求把 “准确严谨”的原则置于首位；在翻译专业术语和关键词语时，一定要在透彻地理解原文的精神实质的基础上，准确地用符合汉语表达习惯的说法表达出来。
当然，必要时，还可以转换词汇的词性：例如将副词转换成形容词或介词，名词转换成动词等等。同时，词性的转换也存在着一定的规律。一般而言，英语中多用名词和介词，而中文里多用动词和副词。以后将对此进行详细讲解。
（三）根据专业来确定词义
1. The premium rates vary with differed interests insured. 2. If the buyer fails to pay any account when due, the buyer
（二）根据词性确定词义
1. The price quoted include a progressive commission to be calculated on FOB basis of 2% for a single order for 10 dozen or up, 3% for 30 dozen or up.
shall be liable to pay the seller overdue interest on such unpaid amount from the due date until the actual date of payment at the rate of five percent per annum, such overdue interest shall be paid upon demand of the seller. 3. The articles of our immediate interest are your “CHON-HOI” brand Agricultural Washing Machines.
对在合同中一切有争议的问题是否付诸仲裁将由任何一方做出选择，并须按照美国仲裁协会的国际仲裁规则进行仲裁。
2. Our products are manufactured from the choice grades of material and will satisfy you in every respect.
商务英语翻译之文体与语篇

商商商商商商
务品务标务号
合说信与广与
同明函品告名
书
牌
片
词义的选择（Choice of Meaning）
变化中的词义（热身）
a. The expansion or generalization of meaning
b. The narrowing or specialization of meaning