现在完成时学案新

Unit 6 Ancient stories Grammar 学案姓名：____________ 班级：____________ 学习目标：掌握“现在完成时”的构成及使用

学习重点：现在完成时的基本概念及构成

学习难点：现在完成的用法

观察一：请仔细观察下列两个句子。

1.I have not laughed like this since my childhood.

2.I have taught English for five years.

思考一：1. 现在完成时表达的含义：

1）表示或的动作造成的影响或结果

E.g. I have just washed my car.（车很干净了）

Someone has turned off the light. ( 已经黑了)

2）表示过去已经开始并到现在并将会持续的动作或状态.

E.g. He has learned English since 2001.（我还在继续学习英语）

I have read this book since 3 days ago.(我可能还没读完，还会继续读下去)

2. 现在完成时的构成：_____________________________________

观察二：请仔细观察以下句子

I have finished my homework.

I have not finished my homework.

Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.

思考二：现在完成时的肯定句，否定句，疑问句分别是怎样构成的？

★总结：过去完成时态的构成：

肯定式：___________________________

否定式：___________________________

疑问式：___________________________

肯定回答____________________ 否定回答______________________

练习一、按要求改变句子。

1.She has done her homework. (改否定句)

2.She h asn’t told us the news yet. (改肯定句)

3.The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑问句)

★动词的规则变化

(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“”。

work---worked---worked , visit---visited---visited

(2)以不发音的“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“”。

live---lived---lived

(3)以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“”。

study---studied---studied , cry---cried---cried

(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“”。stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped

★注意：规则动词的过去分词的变化与过去式是一样的!

练习二、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词

work ______ ______ am/is ______ ______

live ______ ______ are _______ ______

stay ______ ______ tell _______ ______

stop ______ ______ come _______ ______

clean ______ ______ eat ______ ______

study ______ ______ find ______ ______

buy ______ ______ do ______ ______

give ______ ______ go ______ ______

leave ______ ______ put ______ ______

see ______ ______ read ______ ______

write ______ ______ spend ______ ______

★不规则动词

动词不规则变化需要大家去熟记，可参考书本145-146页的表格加以熟记！

三、现在完成时的用法:

1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。

Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)

I have lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)

I haven’t read that book. (不了解书的内容)

I have cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)

He has already left here

My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet

We have never been to the Great Wall.

Have you ever been to Canada?

He has just come back

练习三、翻译以下句子

1、你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found your book)

2、他们已经在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built many buildings)

3、Judy刚到达北京. (arrive-arrived)