新编英语教程5_unit1_教学课件

by confusing it with one that resembles it, such as human for humane, singularity for singleness.
3. Hindi（印地语）is a literary and official language of northern India. Swahili（斯瓦希里语）is a Bantu（班图) language that is a trade and governmental language over much of East Africa and in the Congo region. Bantus are people belonging to a group of tribes found in equatorial and southern Africa.

4. Wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations (Paragraph 8) Examples: imprison, contain, sum up, epitomize and distill 5. Stylistic differences between synonyms (Paragraph 9)
II. Library Work 1. Gustave Flaubert (1821 – 1880), French novelist, was associated with the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of 19th-century France. He devoted his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation, extreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste.
III. Organization of the Text
1. An analogy between the unskilled use of the hammer and the improper choice of words (Paragraph 1) 2. The significance of finding the right words (Paragraphs 2 --- 3)
4. vague: unclear in meaning because it‟s expressed in indefinite form or because it reflects imprecision of thoughts.
E.g., (1)„What‟s happened?‟ „Oh, a lot of things.‟ She said vaguely. (2) My plans are very vague. 我的计划非常含糊。
Paragraph 2
Question
2: Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in the seemingly stupid question “How can I know what I think till I see what I say”? Why or why not?
Paraphrase 1

A word that is more or less…at clean English.(para.1)
A writer who is particular about the exactness of an expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately.
Hit the Nail on the Head
Alan Warner
I. Pre-reading Questions

Have you ever hit a nail into a box? What‟s the correct way of doing it? Can you see the connection between the proverb and our writing?
(4). 为了阐明他的政策，总统又写了第
(5).你必须使约翰明白我们钱确实不够。
You must drive it home to John that we don’t have enough money.

2.deft: skillful & quick熟练的,灵巧的
E.G.,(1) She is deft at dealing with reporters. 她善於与记者周旋.

3. Semantic differences between words having the same root (Paragraphs 4 --- 7) (1). Example 1 (human vs. humane) (Paragraph 4) (2). Example 2 (anxiety vs. eagerness) (Paragraph 5) (3). Example 3 (singularity vs. singleness) (Paragraphs 6 – 7)

Suggested Answers

Force the nail to the right place
It means exactly right in words or action E.g. : (1). Your criticism really hit the nail on the head. 你的批评确是一针见血。 (2). In so saying, you hit the right nail on the head. 你 这样说确是击中要害。
2. Mrs. Malaprop is a famous character in Sheridan‟s comedy The Rivals (1775). She is noted for her blunders in the use of words. She has given us the word malapropism（as a name for such mistakes. 用词错误，尤指误用发 音相似而意义全非的词） i.e., the unintentional misuse of a word

IV. Key Points of the Text 1.drive something home: force (the nail) into the right place; make something unmistakably clear 把（钉 子等）打入；使明确无误 E.g. (1). He slammed the door and
drove the bolt home. 他砰地关上门，把 门闩插好。 (2). drive one‟s point home 讲清楚自己 的观点

二封信。 To drive home his policy, the president wrote his second letter.


2)

thorough, exact and pays careful attention to detail
E.G., The nurse treated him with the most

scrupulous care. 那位护士悉心尽力地照料他。

ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
unscrupulous: 不择手段的, 肆无忌惮的, the opposite of scrupulous, seems to be more often used to describe people who do not care about honesty and fairness in getting what they want, or who are completely without principles.


(2) The deft fingers massaged his scalp.
3. ambiguous: be confusing because it indicates the presence of two or more possible meanings.
Eg., (1) Frustrated by ambiguous instructions, the parents were never able to assemble the new toy. (2) The wording of the clause is ambiguous and needs clarification 该条款的措词模棱两可，需要澄清
5.Scrupulous
1)
Take great care to do what is fair, honest, or morally right.
E.g.,The paper was not entirely scrupulous in setting out its assumptions. There‟s a lot of pressure on manufacturers to behave scrupulously.

The author advises that the English students should try to get the words, phrases and sentences completely right for their purposes in their writing.
Paraphrase 2

Choosing words is part of …who hear or read our words. (para.2)
To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings.

6. The abundance of specific words in English for general notions (Paragraph 10) 7. Conclusion (Paragraph 11): the importance of a good control and command over known words (A good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary, but by his skill in finding the word that will hit the nail cleanly on the head. )