宋词英译:吴文英《莺啼序》汉译英
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【引】《莺啼序·残寒正欺病酒》是宋代词人吴文英创作的一首词。
此词为晚春感怀伤离悼亡之作,通过叙述当年与情人游西湖的艳遇欢情,重游湖上而物是人非,抒发长期孤身漂泊的羁旅之感和对情人的无限哀悼之意,不仅形象地反映出与情人邂逅相遇及生离死别之情思,字里行间还透露出造成这爱情悲剧的社会因素。
词分四段:第一段写春景和春愁,第二段写杭州往事,第三段写别后情事,第四段写悲哀和怀悼。
全词将美人迟暮、伤春惜别的情感娓娓道来,反复咏叹,层层深入,艺术化地展示了古人诗词中所精心刻画的优雅伤感,文有虚实,笔兼奇正,疏密有度,回环相生,充分体现了梦窗词的“密丽”特色。
(据百度词条)
本译诗采用明白晓畅的现代英语翻译,译者在追求信、雅、达的基础上,较为注重文意的忠实、自然、顺畅和诗意的最大限度的保留。
之所以不用韵,是考虑到如果刻意押韵的话,必然会因韵害义,一来可能会歪曲原义,二来会使文意不自然,不通畅,甚至显得拗口。
英文和中文毕竟有很大差别,为了套上一个韵脚,难免要作文意的变换,甚至不得不生搬硬套,牵凿附会。
这样就会舍弃最贴切、最合意的词语和句子,得不偿失。
对于诗歌来说,语言通顺、文意流畅是最基本的要求,如果连语义都不通畅,即使押韵了,诗意也荡然无存。
诗歌是最美的语言,语言拗口的诗句,即使写得巧妙,也是无诗意的。
我的翻译讲究明白、通畅。
在追求诗意美的同时,力求浅白易懂。
因为诗歌语言精微独特,在用另一种语言翻译后容易变得艰涩不畅,特别是因讲究押韵而刻意雕词琢句的话,就容易使语句、文意不流畅。
我认为诗歌翻译应该做到“三畅”:语畅、意畅、情畅。
语畅是指语句通畅不拗口,意畅是指意思通畅不艰涩,情畅是指情思通畅不别扭。
本诗译者为本文档上传者,请尊重劳动成果,勿剽窃,引用时请注明译者:罗沐。
The Season of Warbler Song
By Wu Wenying
The remaining chill ailed me in drunkenness 残寒正欺病酒,
While agarwood burned in my shut villa. 掩沈香绣户。
The belated swallows flying to the west city, 燕来晚、飞入西城,
Seemed to tell us the spring was to the end. 似说春事迟暮。
The Tomb-sweeping Day passed. A painted boat 画船载、清明过却,
Carried me to see the balmy mist curling 烟冉冉吴宫树。
And veiling the willows of the Wu Palace.
I thought of my wandering life that’d been gone念羁情游荡,
with the soft catkins flying in the wind. 随风化为轻絮。
It ‘d been a Ten-year life with the West Lake. 十载西湖,
And those willows should still know my horse, 傍柳系马,
And there was still the sweet air and mild mist. 趁娇尘软雾。
I still remember that day, tracing the floating 溯红渐、招入仙溪,red leaves ,I was led up to the fairy stream
Where your maid brought me a secret letter. 锦儿偷寄幽素。
Together we leaned against the silver screen 倚银屏、
While that long spring took away our short dream. 春宽梦窄,
And red tears wet your silk fan and shiny dress. 断红湿、歌纨金缕。
When the lakesides in dusk got empty of crowds, 暝堤空,
The sunset was only left to the gulls and egrets. 轻把斜阳,总还鸥鹭。
The quiet orchids fade fast; 幽兰旋老,
Asarums grow year after year. 杜若还生,
In this town of waters I sojourned. 水乡尚寄旅。
After our departure, my visits 别後访、
to the six bridges got no news, 六桥无信,
But all was past with fading flowers. 事往花委,
My Flora, my Jade was buried here, 瘗玉埋香,
Bearing annual wind and rain. 几番风雨。
The lake missed the fluids of your eyes, 长波妒盼,
the remote hills longed for your hill-styled brows. 遥山羞黛,
the fishing lights that made sights and shades 渔灯分影春江宿,shined into the dream of the spring river.
In memory that day was back: 记当时、
Our parting at the peach-leaf ferry; 短楫桃根渡。
And the sculling that took you away.
And here the blue house still held 青楼彷佛,
my parting poem on its old wall. 临分败壁题诗,
But tears, ink and dust made a dark scene. 泪墨惨澹尘土。
At the high pavilion I look out and get 危亭望极,
A full view of greenery to the skyline, 草色天涯,
And sigh about my half-hoary hair. 吹鬓侵半苎。
I dumbly find out your handkerchief 暗点检、
with your farewell tears and kiss saliva 离痕欢唾,
that still dyes and perfumes the thin silk. 尚染鲛绡,
The phoenix in your hairpin seems to be lost; 凤迷归,
The peacock in your broken mirror seems tired of dance. 破鸾慵舞。
I struggle to write a letter of long grief 殷勤待写,书中长恨,
And wish it be taken by the wild geese 蓝霞辽海沈过雁,
That explores the blue sky and vast sea.
Missing you always, I fill my pain onto the zither. 漫相思、弹入哀筝柱。
Across the thousand miles of the River South, 伤心千里江南,
The sad music is calling you again and again, 怨曲重招,
But where is your lost soul? 断魂在否。
【白话译文】
春日余寒也欺负我这醉酒的人,
我在屋里燃着沉香,紧闭朱门绣户。
迟来的燕子飞到西城我家门口,
呢喃细语,仿佛在叹息晚春将去。
清明过后,我乘着画船游览西湖,
看茫茫云烟笼罩着吴宫的绿树。
我想起这些年客居漂泊的凄凉,
心中愁思化作柳絮随风飘荡。
我曾在西湖畔度过十个年头,
常常系马湖滨柳树,追寻湖上的轻云薄雾,
乘着小船沿着红花夹岸的小溪逆流而上
渐渐地通往仙境之中。
你叫侍儿递简传书,暗诉衷肠。
在银屏深处,我们共度多少春宵,
可惜春长梦短,一别匆匆,
你红泪低垂,湿透了歌扇和绣金衣裳。
暮色里游人散尽,堤岸空空,
夕阳下的无限风光都付与沙鸥白鹭。
幽兰转眼变老,汀上杜若新生,
岁月匆匆,我依旧在水乡漂泊。
自离别后,我曾经寻访六桥故地,
却始终得不到你的消息。
原来鲜花已枯萎,往事成陈迹,
美人如花似玉,埋葬在几多风雨中。
眼前一湖秋水比不过你眼中的秋波,远处一山翠色比不过你眉弯的秀色
湖面倒映着渔灯的光影,
我在春江独自宿息,想念你。
当时渡口送别,划着短浆的一幕
清晰地留在我的记忆里。
你住过的妆楼似乎一如往昔,
分手时我曾在败壁题写诗句,
和着泪水的墨痕已蒙上尘土,
字迹惨淡,模糊依稀。
我登上高亭眺望远方,
看见芳草染绿了天涯,
叹息鬓发已半白如苎麻。
我默默地翻捡旧物,你留下的丝帕,
还沾带着斑斑泪痕、点点香唾。
你留下的凤钗上,孤凤仿佛迷失了归路;你留下的鸾镜已破,鸾鸟仿佛懒得再飞舞。
我满怀深情,想把心中长恨写成书信,
但鸿雁飞过蓝天沉入大海深处,
有谁来为我传达情愫?
我只好把徒然的相思和愁苦,
弹进无限哀怨的筝曲。
千里江南处处触景伤心,
你的灵魂是否就在近处,
可听见我哀怨的筝曲?。