国际贸易实务双语教程课后题答案

Key

Chapter1

I. Answer my questions

1. International trade is business whose activities involve the crossing of national borders. It includes not only international trade and foreign manufacturing but also

encompasses the growing services industry in areas such as transportation, tourism,

banking, advertising, construction, retailing, wholesaling, and mass communications.

It includes all business transactions that involve two or more countries. Such business

relationship may be private or governmental.

2. Sales expansion, resource acquisition and diversification of sales and supplies.

3. To gain profit.

4. To seej out foreign markets and procurement.

5. There are four major forms which are the following:

Merchandise exports and Imports, Service Exports and Imports, Investment and Multinational Enterprise.

6. It is the account which is a summary statement of the flow of all international economic and financial transactions between one nation (eg.the United States ) and

the rest of the world over some period of time, usually one year.

7. Merchandise Exporting and Importing.

8. Yes. There are great differences between them.

1) direct investment takes place when control follows the investment. It usually means high commitment of capital, personnel, and technology abroad. It aims at gaining of foreign resources and foreign markets. Direct investment may often get

higher foreign sales than exporting. And sometimes it involves two or more parties.

2) While portfolio investments are not under control. And they are used primarily for financial purposes. Treasures of companies, for example, routinely more funds from one country to another to get a higher yield on short term investments. 9. MNE is the abbreviation of the multinational enterprise. Its synonyms are NNC (the multinational corporation) and TNC (transnational corporation).

10. Examples are travel, transport, fee, royalties, dividends and interest.

11. The choice of forms is influenced by the objective being pursued and the environments in which the company must operate.

12. It is limited by the number of people interested in a firm’s products and services and by customers’ capacity to make purchase.

13. This is because at an early stage of international involvement these operations

usually take the least commitment and least risk of a firm’s resources.

14. Royalties means the payment for use of assets from abroad, such as for trademarks patens, copyrights, or other expertise under contract known as licencing

agreements.Royalties are also paid franchising.

15. It is a way of doing business in which one party (the franchiser) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset for the franchisers’ business.

II Match each one on the left with its correct meaning on the right

1. J

2.A

3.E

4.B

5.C

6.D

7.I

8.G

9.F 10.H

III Translate the following terms and phrases into Chinese

1 购买力11 经济复苏；恢复

2 潜在销售量12 经济衰退

3 加价，涨价13 间接投资

4 国内市场14 有形货物

5 制成品15 有形进出口

6 边际利润16 收入及支出；岁入及岁出

7 市场占有率17 超额能力

8 贸易歧视18 贸易中间人（商）；经纪人

9 时机选择19 全部包建的工程承包方式

10 经销周期20 许可证协定

IV Translate the following into English

1. Trade is often the ‘engine’ of growth. However oversimplified this metaphor may be, it does serve to underline the importance of foreign trade in the process