高考英语语法复习：连词

连词是虚词，不能在句中单独担任成分，只起连接作用。按其用法，连词可分为两大类：并

列连词

(Coordinate Conjunctions) 和从属连词(Subordinate Conjunctions) 。

一．并列连词：连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子。

1. 并列关系：and, not only ⋯but also ⋯, both ⋯and⋯, neither ⋯nor ⋯

I used to live in Paris and London.

Both Jane and Jim are interested in fishing.

The weather here is neither too cold nor too hot.

She is not only kind but also honest.

2. 转折关系：but, yet, while( 然而), when( 然而，偏偏)

The car is very old but it runs very fast.

The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out.

The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.

Why did you borrow the book when you had one?

3. 选择关系：or, not ⋯but ⋯, either ⋯or ⋯,

Would you like to live or would you like to stay?

He is not a teacher but a writer.

You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday.

4. 因果关系：for

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.

The leaves of the trees are falling, for it ' s already autumn.

5. 区别

(1) and 和or

1) 并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。

2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：

There is no air or water in the moon.

There is no air and no water on the moon.

在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。

典型例题

---I don ' t like chicken ___ fish. ---I don ' t like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.

A. and ；and

B. and ；but

C. or ；but

D. or ；and

答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折。

判断改错：

( 错) We will die without air and water.

( 错) We can ' t live without air or water.

( 对) We will die without air or water.

( 对) We can ' t live without air and water.

(2) 表示选择的并列结构

1) or 意思为"否则"。

I must work hard, or I ' ll fail in the exam.

2) either ⋯or 意思为" 或者⋯⋯或者⋯⋯"。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。Either you or I am right.

(3) 表示转折或对比

1) but 表示转折，while 表示对比。

Some people love cats, while others hate them.

典型例题

--- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? --- I ' d like to, ___ I '

A. and

B. so

C. as

D. but

答案D。but 与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的句意。

2) not ⋯but⋯意思为"不是⋯⋯而是⋯⋯" not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.

(4) 表原因关系

1) for

判断改错：

( 错) For he is ill, he is absent today.

( 对) He is absent today, for he is ill.

for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。

2) so, therefore

He hurt his leg, so he couldn ' t play in the game.m too busy.

都不符合

a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但therefore, then, yet. 可以和并列连词连

用。