句子成分和主谓一致

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初中语文易错知识总结归纳

初中语文易错知识总结归纳

初中语文易错知识总结归纳语文作为学科中的重要组成部分,对于学生的能力培养和知识积累有着重要的意义。

然而,在学习过程中,学生可能会对一些知识点产生困惑,从而出现易错情况。

本文将针对初中语文学习中常见的易错知识点进行总结和归纳,希望能够对学生们的语文学习有所帮助。

一、句子成分易错知识点1. 主谓一致:句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

例如:“我喜欢运动。

”中的主语“我”是第一人称单数形式,所以谓语动词“喜欢”也要使用第一人称单数形式。

2. 宾语的认定:宾语通常是动词的直接承受者或者受事者,要注意分辨。

例如:“我看见他在做作业。

”中,“做作业”是宾语,而“他”是做作业的主体,并不是宾语。

3. 定语的位置:定语一般放在被修饰的词的前面,修饰名词、代词等。

例如:“红色的花朵”中,“红色”是定语修饰“花朵”。

4. 状语的种类:状语可以分为时间状语、地点状语、方式状语等。

在使用时要根据具体情况选择适当的状语。

例如:“他每天都去图书馆学习。

”中,“每天”是时间状语。

二、常见字词易错知识点1. 词语辨析:一些相似的词语在意义上有细微差别,容易混淆。

例如:“重视”和“看重”都表示重要性,但“重视”更强调“认真对待”,而“看重”则强调“在心中的程度”。

2. 词语用法错误:一些词语的用法容易出错。

例如:“生气”和“愤怒”都表示情绪上的不满,但“生气”一般用于对小事或无伤大雅的事物,而“愤怒”则用于对严重事情的不满。

3. 表达方式:一些表达方式容易引起歧义或不准确。

例如:“他冷得像只小猫。

”中的“冷得像”表达不准确,应改为“他冻得像只小猫。

”三、阅读理解易错知识点1. 理解题意:阅读理解题的核心是准确理解文章的含义和信息。

在解答时要认真阅读文章,理解每个句子的意思,避免因理解错误导致答案错误。

2. 推理判断:阅读理解题中常常出现需要推理和判断的问题。

在解答时要根据文章中的细节和线索进行推理,并做出合理的判断。

3. 选项陷阱:在解答阅读理解题时要警惕选项中的陷阱,有些选项可能是看似正确但实际错误的干扰项。

主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解

主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解

主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。

The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较:the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词,指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意:many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时由 either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1)学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学新闻; news体操:GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意:当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确,答案就是56 The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried3)由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词(a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等)修饰时,单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1)mankind, humanity, man 作主语时,谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时:Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2)people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时,只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如: There are 56 peoples in China3)family, crowd 等作主语时,根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有:Army, assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较:A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4)baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如:a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).5)hair的用法hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数);指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数):My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6)fruit的用法fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的:He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较:Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时1)非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金To see is to believeSwimming is a good way to keep healthHow they will solve the problem remains to be seenWhether she will come is not known2)多个非谓语动词作主语,表达一个概念谓语用单数,表达不同概念谓语用复数Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person三、其他情况的主谓一致1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有:miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米 millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格Two kilometres is not very far for the young manFive hours is a short time for such a difficult job2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数One hundred cents make a dollarMore than twenty years have passed since they got married.3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式,有时也用复数Five times eight is/are fortyFour and eight makes/make twelveSixty minus seven leaves fifty-threeForty-eight divided by six is eight4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Everyone something anybody nowhereEveryone in the class was surprised at the newsListen! Someone is knocking at the door.Is anyone going to tell him the news?5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板They each have a stateboardEach/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionaryThe students each have an English-Chinese dictionary7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数none of,neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词 + 谓语动词单数复数都可either of ,None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truth Neither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable8.neither 与 either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neither qualification is acceptable9.分数百分数+ of + 名词,some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致分数/百分数 + of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数 + of + 单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词The rest of the money belongs to youThe rest of the students speak for it.Half of the apple is rottenHalf of the apples are rotten10.more(…) than one…结构作主语时More(…)than one…+ 单数名词谓语用单数More + 复数名词 + than one 谓语用复数More than two + 复数名词谓语用复数More than one white rose has bloomed in the gardenMore white roses than one have bloomed in the gardenMore than two white roses have bloomed 两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11.a number of + 复数名词谓语用复数许多的The number of + 名词谓语动词用单数…的数量A number of trees are green in AprilA great number of tourists have been to the Great WallA large number of worker were out of work because the factory was destroyed in flood.The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.The number of workers who were out of work was 1,000.12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则There are some chairs and a table in the roomThere is a table and some chairs in the roomHere are some gifts for youHere is a book, a pen and some paper for you.13.当主语后接修饰语时With, along with, together with, but, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than, 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift被作为礼物送给了这个国家The teacher, along with her students, is going to attend the lecture 听报告A peasant, together with some soldiers, is about to help us.All but one have arrived here.除了一个人外所有人都到了No one except two students was late for class.再没有其他人上课迟到The garage, in addition to the house, was burned.She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarked.You as well as I are wrong.The father, rather than the brother, is responsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责14.The+ 形容词做主语时表示一类人用复数谓语表示抽象概念用单数谓语The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架抬走了The old are more likely to catch cold than the youngThe rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.The young are always full of vitality充满了活力The unknown is always something to be feared 未知的东西总是令人害怕The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善善未必是真The true is to be distinguished from the false真应与假相区别The good is what people like 人们总是喜欢美好的东西In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.好人有好报坏人有怀抱15.all做主语时指一切表示单数概念用单数谓语,指具体人或物用复数谓语All has been tried一切都试过了All were silent 大家都一言不发All was silent 万籁俱寂All are here now 大家都在16.由 a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+of this kind, a type of asort of 谓语动词根据of 后面的名词来定A new type of machine is on show now. Machines of this kind are made in Wuhan欢迎您的下载,资料仅供参考!致力为企业和个人提供合同协议,策划案计划书,学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。

初一上册英语知识点:简单句的成分及主谓一致原则

初一上册英语知识点:简单句的成分及主谓一致原则

初一上册英语知识点:简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
初一上册英语知识点:简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。

主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的'一致性。

当主语是第三人称单数(简称"三单")时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非"三单"时,谓语动词就用原形。

实意动词变"三单"的规则如下:
(1)一般动词在词尾加"-s",如:like-likes,tell-tells,play-plays等;
(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加"-es",如:guess-guesses,teach-teaches,watch-watches等;
(3)以o结尾的动词一般加"-es",如:do-does,go-goes等;
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加"-而是",如:fly-flies,carry-carries等;
(5)have的三单形式是has。

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)

高中英语主谓一致讲解(整理版)
一、主谓一致的基本概念
●定义:主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语动词在数、时态和形式上保持一致。

●功能:确保句子语法正确,意义清晰。

●主谓关系:主语与谓语之间存在逻辑关系,这种关系决定了谓语的形式。

二、主谓一致的主要规则
1.单数主语与谓语的一致
⏹第三人称单数主语使用单数形式的谓语动词。

⏹不可数名词作为主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“either...or...”结构中,根据就近原则确定谓语的形式。

1.复数主语与谓语的一致
⏹复数主语使用复数形式的谓语动词。

⏹集合名词作为主语时,需要根据具体情况确定谓语的形式。

⏹特殊情况的处理:如“there be”结构中的主谓一致。

1.并列结构中的主谓一致
⏹并列结构中的主语和谓语动词需要保持形式上的平行。

⏹当并列结构中包含不同性质的成分时,需要根据语境和逻辑关系选择适当的谓语形式。

1.从句、不定式、动名词等作为主语时的主谓一致
⏹从句作为主语时,需要根据从句中的谓语动词选择适当的主语形式。

⏹不定式、动名词等非限定性结构作为主语时,谓语动词的形式选择需考虑语境和逻辑关系。

三、实践与练习
●练习题:提供一些练习题,帮助学生更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则。

●答案解析:对练习题进行详细的答案解析,帮助学生理解自己的错误,并给出正确的用法建议。

四、总结
对本次讲解的内容进行总结,强调主谓一致在英语语法中的重要性,并提醒学生注意常见的主谓一致错误。

高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语

高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语

高中英语语法专题主谓一致与常见短语主谓一致“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致.主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致,如何学好英语?小编在这里整理了相关资料,快来学习学习吧!高中英语语法专题主谓一致一. 就近原则:在not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中,谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。

例: 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.二. 集合名词做主语,指成员时,谓语用复数;指团体,组织时,谓语用单数:如:class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。

例:1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

例: 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。

语法复习:句子结构及句型+主谓一致

语法复习:句子结构及句型+主谓一致

英语复习专辑(6)—句子结构及句型+主谓一致句子结构及句型一、句子和句子成分的定义句子是由单词(短语)按照一定的语法规则组合在一起,能表达一个完整意思的语言单位。

组成句子的各个部分称为句子成分。

英语句子成分主要有:主语、谓语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语和状语等。

1. 主语表示句子描述的是“谁”(人)或“什么”(事物),是谓语的陈述对象,通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或者从句等担当。

(主语是句子要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体,一般放在句首。

)eg: The moon moves around the earth. 月亮围绕地球转。

She is a clever girl. 她是一个聪明的女孩儿。

Swimming is a good exercise. 游泳是一项好的运动。

To say is one thing, and to do is another. 说是一回事,做又是另外一回事。

2. 谓语说明主语的动作或者状态,一般在主语的后面。

由动词或者动词短语担当。

eg: I like studying English. 我喜欢学英语。

Chinese is a kind of great language! 汉语是一种伟大的语言!3. 宾语是动作的承受者,表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象,或者用于介词后构成介词短语,通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或者从句等担当。

eg: We love our country! 我们热爱我们的祖国!Her mother likes her very much! 她妈妈非常喜欢她!在英语中,有些及物动词,如give, pass, send, bring, tell, teach, show等+ sb. sth.可以有两个宾语:一个指人,一个指物。

这样宾语就包括直接宾语(表示动作的承受者,多为物)和间接宾语(表示动作是针对谁或为谁而做,多为人)。

我们把“直接宾语+间接宾语”叫做“双宾语”。

初中英语学业考试复习第十一节句子成分(主谓一致)课件

初中英语学业考试复习第十一节句子成分(主谓一致)课件
第十一节 句子成分(主谓一致)
考点 1 句子成分 说明:句子的成分虽不会直接出题,但同学们有必要了解 这些知识,这些知识对分析句子有很重要的作用,可以提高语 法选择题的解答能力,所以同学们对句子的成分要有比较好的 了解。
1.主语
主语(Subject,简称 S)是句子陈述的对象,说明是“谁”或 是“什么”。在一个主动语态的句子中,它表明了是“谁”或
从句作主语
What I mean is to work harder.我的意思是 要努力地工作。
2.谓语
谓语(Predicate)是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出主 语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语动词的位置一般
在主语后。通常所说的谓语主要指谓语动词(短语)(简称 V)。在
分析句子成分时谓语可以用单横线“________”表示。
Every one of the students is studying hard.每个学生都在用功 读书。
(3)不定代词 either,neither,each one,the other,another, anybody,anyone,anything,someone,soone,everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing 等 在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
The bike (under the tree) is Jim's.树下面的自行车
介词短语作 是吉姆的。
定语
The girl (on the bike) is Tom's sister.自行车上的女
孩是汤姆的姐姐。
(续表) 定语形式
例句
不定式(短语)作 定语
I want something (to eat).我想要些吃的东西。 He had nothing (to do) yesterday.他昨天无所 事事。

句子的主谓一致规则

句子的主谓一致规则

句子的主谓一致规则句子的主谓一致规则是语法中的基本规则之一。

它指的是句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

在汉语和英语中,主谓一致的规则相对简单,但在某些情况下可能会出现一些特殊情况。

本文将详细介绍句子的主谓一致规则的常见情况,并提供一些例子来加深理解。

1. 单数主语配单数谓语当主语是单数时,谓语动词也必须是单数形式。

例如:- The cat is sleeping.(这只猫正在睡觉。

)- My friend studies at a university.(我的朋友在一所大学学习。

)2. 复数主语配复数谓语当主语是复数时,谓语动词也必须是复数形式。

例如:- The cats are sleeping.(这些猫正在睡觉。

)- My friends study at a university.(我的朋友们在一所大学学习。

)3. 祈使句的主语省略在祈使句中,主语通常被省略,此时谓语动词使用第二人称单数或复数形式。

例如:- Close the door, please.(请关上门。

)- Be quiet in the library.(图书馆内请保持安静。

)4. 存在第三人称单数代词时,谓语动词配单数形式当句子中出现代表第三人称单数的代词,如he(他)、she(她)、it(它)等时,谓语动词需要使用单数形式。

例如:- She likes to read books.(她喜欢读书。

)- It is raining outside.(外面正在下雨。

)5. 复数主语中的并列连词当句子中有并列连词(如and、or)连接复数主语时,谓语动词需要使用复数形式。

例如:- Tom and Jerry are good friends.(汤姆和杰瑞是好朋友。

)- The cat or the dog is sleeping.(这只猫或者那只狗正在睡觉。

)6. 集体名词的主谓一致集体名词作主语时,根据语境决定主谓是否一致。

句子成分,种类和主谓一致

句子成分,种类和主谓一致




Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Your book is on the desk. 你的书在桌子上。 --Is Bill in? --No, Bill is out. The telephone number is 333211 That’s why I want to stay here.
句子种类


陈述句 I know you will come. 我知道你会来的。 I have been to many cities in China. 我到过中国的很多城市。 I am not good at Chinese. 我汉语不好。
疑问句

一般疑问句 —Are your parents doctors? —Yes,they both are. —Would you mind closing the window? —Of course not.


How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语(+其他) How+主语+谓语(+其他) How interesting the book is. 这本书多有趣啊! How surprising it is you should not know what has happened. 你竟然不知道发生的一切,真是太令人吃惊了。 How I wish to join the football club! 我多么想加入足球俱乐部!
插入语



Who can be fit for the job, do you think? 你认为谁能胜任这项工作? This is the good chance, I think, that you can win. 我认为这是你赢的好机会。 I can’t make it Friday, I’m afraid. 恐怕星期五不行。

初中英语主谓一致知识点归纳

初中英语主谓一致知识点归纳

初中英语主谓一致知识点归纳主谓一致是英语语法中重要的知识点之一,特别是在初中阶段。

了解和掌握主谓一致的规则可以帮助我们正确使用英语动词,并在写作和口语表达中避免常见的错误。

本文将归纳总结初中英语中主谓一致的知识点。

首先,主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

以下是一些常见的主谓一致规则:1. 单数主语 + 单数动词当句子的主语是单数形式时,谓语动词应该是单数形式。

例如:- The boy runs in the park.(这个男孩在公园里跑步。

)- My mother makes delicious food.(我妈妈做了美味的食物。

)2. 复数主语 + 复数动词当句子的主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也应该是复数形式。

例如:- The boys play football together.(这些男孩一起踢足球。

)- Dogs like to chase their tails.(狗喜欢追逐自己的尾巴。

)3. 不可数名词 + 单数动词不可数名词的主语通常与单数动词搭配。

例如:- Water is essential for life.(水对生命至关重要。

)- The news surprises me.(这个消息让我感到惊讶。

)4. 复合主语的一致当句子的主语是由两个或更多个名词组成时,谓语动词的形式取决于最靠近动词的名词。

例如:- Peanut butter and jelly is my favorite sandwich.(花生酱和果酱是我最喜欢的三明治。

)- My sister and her friends are going to the party.(我姐姐和她的朋友们要去参加聚会。

)除了以上的基本规则外,还有一些常见的特殊情况需要注意:1. 以及(and)、连同(along with)、和(as well as)等连词连接的复合主语,谓语动词要与前面的主语一致。

例如:- The dog, as well as the cats, loves to play outside.(这只狗和这些猫都喜欢在外面玩。

英语语法---主谓一致

英语语法---主谓一致

第一讲主谓一致“一致”(Concord 或Agreement)是指句子成分之间词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。

主要有主语与动词的一致,主语与补语的一致,限定词与名词中心词的一致,人称代词与并列和非并列先行词的一致,名词与名词或代词的一致。

“主谓一致”是指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数的方面的一致关系,这又叫做“主——动一致”(Subject ——verb Concord)。

1. 主谓一致三原则主语和随后的动词(词组),即谓语动词之间的一致关系常为三种不同的原则所支配,即语法一致原则(Grammar Concord),意义一致原则(Notional Concord)和就近原则(Principle of Proximity)。

1.1 语法一致指作主语的名词中心词是复数,动词就用复数形式;如果名词中心词是单数名词或不可数名词,动词就用单数形式。

例如:Both boys have their own merits.In my heart are peace and goodwill.The elevator works very well.Much effort is wasted.1.2 意义∕概念一直指主语和动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式,而是取决于主语的单、复数意义。

有时主语在语法形式上并非复数,但有复数意义,随后的动词就用复数;主语在语法形式上是复数,而在意义上可视为单数,随后的动词用单数。

例如:The jury has asked more time.The jury are unable to agree.Fifty minutes isn’t enough time to finish this test.“ Senior citizens” means people over sixty.1.3 就近原则指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语的单、复数形式,而不是与充当主语的名词短语中心词相一致。

英语语法中的主谓一致

英语语法中的主谓一致
He was the only one of the boys who was given a prize.
This is the one of the books on the subject that has ever been written in Chinese.
2.[注]在“代词+定语从句”中,从句中的谓语人称,性,数要与被修饰的代词保持一致
(many a student=many students)
More than one person was involved in the case.
Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.
4)##### and所连接的两个单数名词作主语,指同一人、同一件事或同一概念时,其谓语动词用单数。例如:
英语语法中的主谓一致问题
第二讲
英语中的一致
是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、数、性、时等方面保持一致的协调关系。
1。人称一致:
1)主语与谓语动词之间:
除动词be有不同的人称形式以及have有特殊的单数第三人称现在时has外,其他动词只有单数第三人称现在时加-s/-es,其余的人称在动词形式上并无特殊的标记。
My best friend rather than anyone else has got the first prize in the speech contest.
3) many a…或 many a …and…作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
【例如】
Many a student doesn't like to do their homework.

主谓一致和句子结构

主谓一致和句子结构

主谓一致和句子结构
主谓一致和句子结构在英语语法中扮演着至关重要的角色。

主谓一致要求主语和谓语在人称和数方面保持一致,这样才能使句子结构清晰,表达准确。

本文将探讨主谓一致和句子结构在英语写作中的重要性,以及如何正确运用它们来提高语言表达能力。

在英语写作中,主谓一致是至关重要的基本规则之一。

主语和谓语之间的一致性能够使句子更加流畅,表达更加清晰。

例如,在句子"I am"中,主语"I"是单数第一人称,所以谓语"am"也应该是单数第一人称形式。

如果主谓不一致,就会导致句子结构混乱,影响理解。

另外,句子结构也是英语写作中需要重点关注的问题。

良好的句子结构可以使句子更具逻辑性,使读者更容易理解作者的观点。

一个简单的句子结构包括主语、动词和宾语的基本组成,它们之间的关系应该明晰清晰,不应该存在歧义或混淆。

在写作时,我们应该尽量避免句子过长和结构复杂,这样更容易控制主谓一致和句子结构的准确性。

此外,多练习写作,不断积累语言表达能力,也是提高主谓一致和句子结构的有效途径。

总之,主谓一致和句子结构是英语写作中需要注重的基本要素。

正确运用它们可以使我们的语言表达更加准确,也能够提升写作水平。

希望通过不断的练习和学习,我们可以在英语写作中更加游刃有余地运用主谓一致和句子结构,表达出更加精彩的观点和想法。

句子结构解析主谓一致的基本规则

句子结构解析主谓一致的基本规则

句子结构解析主谓一致的基本规则在汉语中,主谓一致是一种基本的语法规则,指的是主语和谓语在人称、数与时态上保持一致。

主谓一致是构建正确句子结构的关键要素之一,不仅仅是汉语中,世界上几乎所有语言都存在这个规则。

下面将对主谓一致的基本规则进行解析。

1. 人称一致主语的人称与谓语动词的人称需要保持一致。

例如:- 第一人称:我喜欢读书。

- 第二人称:你去哪里了?- 第三人称:他们正在讨论这个问题。

2. 数的一致主语的单复数形式与谓语动词的单复数形式需要保持一致。

例如:- 单数主语:这本书很有趣。

- 复数主语:这些人在锻炼身体。

3. 时态一致主谓一致还需要在时态方面保持一致。

例如:- 现在时态:他们正在开会。

- 过去时态:昨天他走了。

总的来说,主谓一致是构成正确句子结构的必要条件,遵守主谓一致规则可以使句子更加准确、流畅。

在写作和口语表达中,我们需要注意主谓一致的基本规则,以避免语法错误。

此外,还有一些需要注意的特殊情况:1. 复合主语当句子中有复合主语时,主谓一致要按照就近原则来决定谓语动词的形式。

例如:- 他和他的朋友都喜欢运动。

2. 存在形式主语有些句子中的主语是“有”字结构(形式主语),谓语动词的形式由后面的实际主语决定。

例如:- 在桌子上有一本书。

3. 特殊谓语动词有些谓语动词的形式比较特殊,需要特别注意。

例如:- There is/are结构:There is a cat in the room.(房间里有一只猫。

)在写作过程中,我们要注意主谓一致的规则,保持句子结构的准确和语言的规范。

只有遵循主谓一致的基本规则,我们才能构建出流畅、准确的句子,让读者更好地理解和接受我们的表达。

主谓一致

主谓一致
作主语,谓语动词用单数。
1.Each book and each paper is found in its place.
2.Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
3.Many a boy and many a girl has seen these painting.
Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.
常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有:
the needle and thread 针线 salt and water盐水 the folk and knife 刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁
7. Quantity/ies of +名词复数/不可数名词
①the quantity of + 复数名词或不可数名词,
谓语用单数。
②a quantity of +复数名词,谓语用复数。 a quantity of +不可数名词,谓语用单数.
③quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词,
1. Eight hours of sleep is enough. 2. A hundred miles is a long distance. 3. Ten pounds was missing from my
pocket. 4. Twenty years has passed since he left
2. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.

句子成分种类和主谓一致

句子成分种类和主谓一致

句子成分种类和主谓一致
句子成分是指构成句子的各种语言单位,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。

种类有名词性成分、动词性成分、形容词性成分、副
词性成分等。

主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。

也就是说,如果主
语是单数第三人称,谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式;如果主语是复数或
其他人称,谓语动词要用相应的形式。

以下是几个例子,展示了句子成分、种类和主谓一致的关系:
1.主语是名词性成分,谓语动词的单复数要与主语保持一致:
- Dogs (主语,名词性成分) bark (谓语动词) loudly.(主谓一致,主语是复数,谓语动词用复数形式)
2.主语是代词性成分,谓语动词的单复数也要与主语保持一致:
- He (主语,代词性成分) runs (谓语动词) fast.(主谓一致,主
语是单数第三人称
3.主语是复合结构,谓语动词的单复数与其中的名词性成分保持一致:
- My brother and I (主语,复合结构) are (谓语动词) going to the party.(主谓一致,复合主语中的名词性成分是复数,谓语动词用复
数形式)
总之,句子成分的种类和主谓一致是语法规则的一部分,用来确保句
子在结构上正确和通顺。

第二讲:句子成分、简单句、主谓一致

第二讲:句子成分、简单句、主谓一致

句子成分定义: 构成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。

句子成分有主要和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语,次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

一、主语(一)主语是一个句子叙述的主体。

主语一般位于句首,但在there be 结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语助动词或情态动词后面。

(二)表现形式主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

1.名词During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.Professor Zhang is a famous scientist.2.代词We often speak English in class.Who is the man standing over there?3.数词One third of the students in this class are girls. Two times five is ten.4.不定式To swim in the Lijiang River is a great pleasure.To master a foreign language is necessary.5.动名词Smoking does harm to the health.Playing football in the street is dangerous.6.名词化的形容词The rich should help the poor.In new China the old are living a happy life.7.从句When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet.Whether he’ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.8.it 作形式主语It is necessary to master a foreign language.It is dangerous playing with fire.Ti is a pity that he can’t swim.二、谓语(一)定义谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

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第十一讲句子成分和主谓一致句子成分一、概念:组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

二、句子成分包括:主语,谓语,表语,宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语),宾语补足语,定语和状语。

主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。

1.主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,说明句子讲的是谁或是什么。

一般由名词、代词、不定式、v+ing形式或相当于名词的词、短语、从句充当。

主语通常放在句首。

(1)代词作主语This is our home.(2)名词作主语Knowledge is power.(3)数词作主语Thirteen is said to be an unlucky number.(4)不定式作主语To speak English well isn`t an easy job.(5)V-ing形式作主语Talking is easier than doing.(6)介词短语作主语From Boston to New York is two hundred miles.(7)从句作主语What he said is quite true.2.谓语:谓语通常在主语后面,说明主语“是什么”、“做什么”或“怎么样”。

谓语必须是动词,而且有时态变化。

谓语和主语必须在人称和数两方面必须一致。

(1)系动词作谓语(后面必须接表语)The soup tastes delicious.(2)实义动词作谓语I know her very well.(3)助动词和实义动词一起作谓语Do you understand your duties?(4)情态动词和实义动词一起作谓语Tom can play tennis.3.表语:表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”。

它由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式、V+ing形式、V+ed形式或相当于名词或形容词的短语,从句充当。

通常放在系动词后面。

(1)名词作表语Time is money.(2)形容词作表语He is always careless.(4)介词短语作表语It doesn`t look like a flower.(5)动词不定式作表语Her job is to take care of the children.(6)V+ing形式作表语Her hooby is surfing the Internet.(7)V+ed形式作表语My bike is broken.(8)从句作表语My idea is that you should make good use of your time.4.宾语:宾语是及物动词的对象和内容,是谓语动词的承受者.可以由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、V+ing形式、从句等充当,通常位于及物动词后。

有一类动词后接双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语。

直接宾语表示动作的的承受者或结果。

间接宾语表示动作的对象。

(1)名词作宾语Would you please lend me your phone/lend your phone to me?(2)代词作宾语My father taught me a lot.(3)数词作宾语Pass me the fourth, please.(4)不定式作宾语I decide to improve my poor pronunciation.(5)V+ing形式作宾语I enjoy singing.(6)从句作宾语Do you know if she is married?5.宾语补足语:宾语补足语用来说明宾语是什么或处于什么状态,和宾语一起构成复合宾语.一般由名词(短语)、形容词、副词、不定式、V+ing形式、V+ed形式、介词短语等充当。

含宾语补足语的句子改为被动语态时,原来的宾语和宾语补足语分别成为主语和主语补足语。

如:We all call the dog Goofy. →The dog is called Goofy.(1)名词作宾补I think it a good thing.(2)形容词作宾补You must keep your room clean and tidy.(3)副词作宾补Let him out, please.(4)动词不定式作宾补He asked me to help him.(5)V+ing形式作宾补I heard someone singing in the next door.(6)V+ed形式作宾补You should get your hair cut.(7)介词短语作宾补I left my watch at home.6.定语:定语用来修饰或限定名词或代词.译为“…的”.定语由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式、V+ing形式、V+ed形式或相当于形容词的词,短语及从句充当。

(2)代词作定语This story is very interesting.(3)名词作定语They are making paper flowers.(4)介词短语作定语I want a pen pal in China.(5)数词作定语There is only one way to do it.(6)不定式作定语Would you like something to drink?(7)V+ed形式作定语The girl called Lucy comes from Japan.(8)V+ing形式作定语He is a rnnning star.(9)从句作定语Be careful of the dog that doesn`t bark.7.状语:状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词。

它用来表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度等意义。

副词,介词短语、不定式、V+ing形式、V+ed形式或相当于副词的词,短语及从句都可作状语。

一般放句末。

(1)副词作状语She sings well.(2)介词短语作状语We discovered the river by chance.(3)不定式作状语We do that to save money.(4)名词作状语Wait a minute.(5)V+ing形式作状语Being ill, he didn`t go to school yesterday.(6)V+ed形式作状语Given enough time, I can finish the project.(7)从句作状语While I was studying last night, I fell asleep.主谓一致在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。

一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。

一、语法一致主谓一致的原则指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦用复数形式.如: He often helps me learn English.(主语是单数,谓语也用单数形式) .My friends often help me learn English.(主语是复数,谓语也用复数形式)1、不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.如: Reading aloud is helpful to learn English.大声朗读对学习英语是有帮助的。

What he said has been recorded . 他说的话已被录音了.2、不定代词one, every, each, everybody, everyone, one of, no one, nothing, nobody, someone, somebody, either, neither, many a 等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.但none 作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法。

如: Neither of my sisters likes sports . 我的妹妹中没人喜欢运动.Every boy and girl shows great interest in this book . 每个男孩和女孩对这本书都表现出很大的兴趣.3、表示国家,机构,事件,作品等名称的专有名词作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.如: One Thousand And One Nights tells people lots of interesting stories .《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多有趣的故事。

4、a kind of, the number of等与名词构成名词短语作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.如: A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.这座花园里有一种玫瑰香气怡人.5、由some, several, both, few, many, a number of 等词修饰主语,或是由它们自身作主语时应看作复数,谓语动词用复数.另外,由and连接两个主语时,谓语一般用复数.如: Both of us are fond of watching football games.我们俩都喜欢看足球赛.6、由“分数或百分数+of +名词(或代词)”以及由a lot of, most of, any of, half of , some of, none of, the rest of , all of等加名词构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词(短语)保持一致。

如:30 percent of the students in our class are girls. 我们班的30%是女生。

A lot of money in the shop was stolen yesterday. 昨天那家商店丢失了许多钱.7、population 单独使用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时,则谓语动词用复数形式。

如: The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers.我们国家人口众多,而80%的人口是农民。

二、意义一致从意义上来解决主谓一致问题,有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语根据意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语根据意义亦用单数形式.1.当主语后面接由but, except, besides ,as well as, as much as, including,more than,no less than, rather than, together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数形式通常由前面的词来决定。

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