翻译笔译减词法lecture10
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第六章 常用翻译技巧-减词法(省略法)
7.We knew spring was coming as (because) we had seen a robin. 我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天快要到了。 （省略表示原因的连词） 8. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ （省略表示条件的连词）
二、从修辞角度来看
（1）对重复出现的有些英语句子，英译汉时可作适 当省略。 Applicants who had worked at a job would receive Preference over those who had not. 所有申请者中，有工作经验的优先录取。 （试比较：“所有申请者中，有工作经验的，比没有 工作经验的，优先录取。”）
他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
2. We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
(译文中省略了作 主语的人称代词)
English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2006 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved
English-Chinese Written Translation. Copyright (C) 2006 by Wei Jianhua. All Rights Reserved
(四) 省略前置词（介词）
13. The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。 （省略表时间的in） （试比较：中华人民共和国成立于一九四九年。） 14. Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所禁止吸烟。 （省略表地点的in） （试比较：不准在公共场所吸烟。） “鱼跃于渊”
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.1.1英语中的名词为复数形式时 (1) I saw bubbles rising from under the water. (2) The first electronic computers went into
operation in 1945.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
(3) Cargo insurance is to protect the trader from losses that many dangers may cause.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.5 被动语态句中的谓语
(1)All matter is known to possess weight. 。 (2)The plan is considered practical.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.1.3 增加量词
(1) To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.
(2) The sun rose thinly from the sea. (3) A stream was winding its ways through
the valley into the river.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.9 无连词的并列句
Liquids contract in freezing; water is an important exception to the rule.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
his great arms about his mother’s neck and then was away. 3) Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. 4)The products should be sampled to check their quality before
operation in 1945.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
(3) Cargo insurance is to protect the trader from losses that many dangers may cause.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.5 被动语态句中的谓语
(1)All matter is known to possess weight. 。 (2)The plan is considered practical.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.1.3 增加量词
(1) To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.
(2) The sun rose thinly from the sea. (3) A stream was winding its ways through
the valley into the river.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.9 无连词的并列句
Liquids contract in freezing; water is an important exception to the rule.
第4讲英汉翻译中增词法和减词法
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
his great arms about his mother’s neck and then was away. 3) Ice is a solid. If we heat it, it melts and becomes water. 4)The products should be sampled to check their quality before
第4讲_英汉翻译中的增词法和减词法(2014)解析
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达） 1.2.4 几个成分并列
The changes of requirements for the commodities in the market are affected by the internal and external factors. 商品市场需求的变化情况受内因和外因两方面 因素影响。
.
解决方案
修改方案
advantage
有利地位
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.2 分词短语、独立结构
Using a transformer, power at low voltage can be transformed into power at high voltage. 如果使用变压器，低压电就能转换成高压电。 如果分词短语或独立分词结构含有时间、原因、 条件、让步等状语意义，翻译时可增加“当…… 时”、“……之后”、“因为……”、“由于……”、 “如果……”、“假若……”、“虽然……但……”等 词。
1.2 语义的需要（意义表达）
1.2.3 不定式作目的或结果状语
We made transistors by different means only to get the same effect.
我们用不同的方法制造晶体管，结果得到相同的效 应。 当动词不定式和不定式短语表示目的或结果状语时， 通常就可在其前面加：“为了”，“要”，“以 便”，“就”，“从而”，“结果”等词。
1.1 语法的需要（英汉差异）
汉语量词却是外国学生经常用错的地方。如：
Hale Waihona Puke “在果园里我们摘了五苹果。” “我们班上一学生病了。” 把“我给你一把锄头”说成“我给你一锄头”。 又如：把“一只鸟”说成“一条鸟”， 把“一张纸”说成“一个纸”。
英文翻译技巧之增词法与减词法
英文翻译技巧之增词法与减词法英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，翻译时既可能要将词类加以转换，又可能要在词量上加以增减。
增词法与减词法在英汉互译中运用相当广泛，但无论增词还是减词，增减的是词，不是意。
一、增词法所谓增词法，就是在翻译时，为了使译文合乎汉语的习惯和表达规律，为了使意思更加明确，从意义、修辞和句法上需要在译文中适当增添一些虽无其词而有其意的词。
增词译法不是凭空想象，必须增之有道，补之有理。
必要的增词对一个句子起着画龙点睛的作用，准确、通顺和完整地表达原文的内容，避免语义模糊。
例1：Packing together with packaging is designed not only as a form of protection but also a form to facilitate handling, storage, to prevent pilferage and what's more to help promote the sales.译文：包装和包装方法不仅仅是为了保护商品，也是为了便利搬运和库存、防止盗窃，更重要的是，有助于促销。
解析：“protection”此处译作“保护商品”，加了“商品”两字，显然比译作“保护”更好。
1.增加原文中省略的部分英语中有省略现象，译为汉语时往往要根据句法需要补出英文中省略的成分，主要包括回答中的省略、动词的省略及比较句中的省略等；另外，为表示态度、逻辑关系等，也需要加词。
（1）增补回答句中省略的词语1例2：—He doesn’t know, does he?—Yes, he does.译文：——他不知道吧？——不，他知道。
例3：—Did you enjoy your time in Beijing？—Yes, I did.译文：——你在北京过得愉快吗？——是的，我过得很愉快。
（2）增补并列结构中省略的词语例4：On average, the economy performs less well in a president's second term than in his first.That pattern probably does not apply to Mr Obama. Since his first term was so difficult, the next, by rights, ought to be better.译文：一般来说，美国总统第二个任期内的经济不如第一任期。
英语翻译减词法专业知识讲座
I was very glad to have received your
letter. 非常高兴收到你的来信。 3.汉语很多时候需要靠加词来说明，而
英语则更多靠一个词的内在含义。 财政赤字 → （financial） deficit 广大群众 → （broad） masses
本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿。文档如有不
house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it.
本文档所提供1.的I信f 息w仅in供t参er考之co用m，e不s能, 作ca为n科s学p依r据in，g请b勿e模f仿ar。文be档h如in有d不?
冬天来当了之处。，春请天联系还本会人或远网吗站？删除。
本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科请有联系冠本人词或，网站代删除词。（尤其是人称 代词、关系代词）、连词、介词用得也 远比英语少。因此，英译汉时，减译自 然就必不可少了。
2.汉语里无主语的句子相当多,而英语则 不同,句子一般都需要有主语。
from the trees, the grass was dead. 3. We should gradually eliminate the
differences between town and country. 4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
本文档所提供省的信译息仅法当供/之参减处考，之译请用法联，系不是能本增作人为或译科网学站法依删的据除，。反请面勿模。仿。文档如有不 就同一个译例来说, 英译汉如果用增译法, 汉译英则应用省译法， 反之亦然。
The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。
letter. 非常高兴收到你的来信。 3.汉语很多时候需要靠加词来说明，而
英语则更多靠一个词的内在含义。 财政赤字 → （financial） deficit 广大群众 → （broad） masses
本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿。文档如有不
house if you don’t know how to make a design or how to read it.
本文档所提供1.的I信f 息w仅in供t参er考之co用m，e不s能, 作ca为n科s学p依r据in，g请b勿e模f仿ar。文be档h如in有d不?
冬天来当了之处。，春请天联系还本会人或远网吗站？删除。
本文档所提供的信息仅供参考之用，不能作为科请有联系冠本人词或，网站代删除词。（尤其是人称 代词、关系代词）、连词、介词用得也 远比英语少。因此，英译汉时，减译自 然就必不可少了。
2.汉语里无主语的句子相当多,而英语则 不同,句子一般都需要有主语。
from the trees, the grass was dead. 3. We should gradually eliminate the
differences between town and country. 4. Applicants who have worked at a job will
本文档所提供省的信译息仅法当供/之参减处考，之译请用法联，系不是能本增作人为或译科网学站法依删的据除，。反请面勿模。仿。文档如有不 就同一个译例来说, 英译汉如果用增译法, 汉译英则应用省译法， 反之亦然。
The lion is the king of animals. 狮子是百兽之王。
Lecture 4-减词法
To learn is not an easy matter and to apply what one has learned is even harder.
学习不容易，应用更不易。
These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.
强调句中的it It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. 使自由保持活力的是冲突而不是绝对的一致。
省略同位语、同义词、近义词
His father is an oculist, or an eye-doctor.
省略代词：物主代词, 泛指的、作主语的人称
代词、作宾语的代词, 代词that或these等 She glanced at her watch, and it was 7:15. We live and learn. She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it. But it was the way I am. And try as I might, I haven't been able to change it.
省略冠词 A soldier must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。 The moon emerged from behind the clouds. 月亮从云层后出现。
省略介词 一般来说，表示时间和地点的介词，译 成汉语如出现在句首，大多可以省略不 译。 The People's Republic of China was founded in October, 1949. Smoking is prohibited in public places.
翻译技巧：加词法和减词法
翻译技巧：加词法和减词法-标准化文件发布号：（9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII翻译技巧（二）：加词法和减词法加（增）词法英汉两种语言，由于表达方法不尽相同，有些词在英语中可以省略而不会影响全句意思的完整表达，但译成汉语后就可能出现意思不够明确的语言现象；还有些词虽然在原文中意义明确而完整，但译成汉语后文字却不甚通顺流畅。
在这种情况下，就需要使用增词译法。
增词法就是在翻译时按照意义、修辞或句法上的需要，在原文的基础上添加必要的单词、词组、分句或完整句，从而使得译文在语法、语言形式上符合译文习惯和在文化背景、词语联想方面与原文一致，使得译文与原文在内容、形式和精神等三方面都对等起来，更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容。
S y n t a c t i c a l A m p l i f i c a t i o n（从句法结构上考虑的增词）This kind of amplification includes: amplification by supplying such kinds of words as verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, numerals, category words, generalization words, and the plural forms of nouns.(1) 增加量词（classifier）英语中数词与可数名词往往可以直接连用，不用加量词。
而汉语往往要加量词。
It was a nova!这是一颗新星！The sun rose thinly from the sea.一轮红日从海边淡淡升起。
A stream was winding its ways through the valley into the river.一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇到江里去了。
(2) 增加表达复数的词(convey the concept of plurality)汉语中的名词没有复数概念，也没有词形上的变化，很多情况下不必表达出来；而英语中的名词有词形的变化，但没有量词，所以在翻译成汉语的时候，可根据情况增加重叠词、数词或其他一些词来表达复数的概念，以达到修辞效果。
英汉翻译中的增词法和减词法
法国的《世界报》、英国广播公司、美 国《纽约时报》以及整个阿拉伯报界， 都经常大量引用海卡尔的话。
This great scientist was born in New England.
这位伟大的科学家出生在美国东北部的 新英格兰。
EX. 增加背景知识文化而增词
The blond boy quickly crossed himself.
▪ 导致合并不断增加的另一个因素是股票市场的空 前繁荣。股票市场的空前繁荣使得各家公司可以 依赖其上涨的股票价格去资助各种大规模的购进。
2.4 因语序变化而加词
▪ 由于英语国家惯用被动结构的语序,而我们 中国人惯用主动句,因而,在翻译中经常要增 加主语,使之变为主动语态,以适应我们的语 言习惯。例如：
因表达清晰自然之需而增词
❖ As to direct and indirect exporting, which approach is best depends on such factors as the company’s size, its export volume, the number of foreign countries involved, the investment required to support the operation, the profit potential, the risk present, and the desires of the overseas buyers.
▪ These drills want sharpening. ▪ 这些钻头需要磨一磨。
EX. 因语法需要而增词
▪ It is on one of these occasions that I met the Cartwrights. I was staying with a man named Gaze who was head of the police and he came into the billiardroom, where I was sitting, and asked me if I would make up a four at a bridgetable.
This great scientist was born in New England.
这位伟大的科学家出生在美国东北部的 新英格兰。
EX. 增加背景知识文化而增词
The blond boy quickly crossed himself.
▪ 导致合并不断增加的另一个因素是股票市场的空 前繁荣。股票市场的空前繁荣使得各家公司可以 依赖其上涨的股票价格去资助各种大规模的购进。
2.4 因语序变化而加词
▪ 由于英语国家惯用被动结构的语序,而我们 中国人惯用主动句,因而,在翻译中经常要增 加主语,使之变为主动语态,以适应我们的语 言习惯。例如：
因表达清晰自然之需而增词
❖ As to direct and indirect exporting, which approach is best depends on such factors as the company’s size, its export volume, the number of foreign countries involved, the investment required to support the operation, the profit potential, the risk present, and the desires of the overseas buyers.
▪ These drills want sharpening. ▪ 这些钻头需要磨一磨。
EX. 因语法需要而增词
▪ It is on one of these occasions that I met the Cartwrights. I was staying with a man named Gaze who was head of the police and he came into the billiardroom, where I was sitting, and asked me if I would make up a four at a bridgetable.
翻译-lecture汉译英常用技巧(二)
2017/1/2
Southwest University
3
School of Foreign Languages
2. 增补非人称的或强势句中的it it可以指天气、时间，还常用来表示强调、代替不定式等。 汉语中的许多表达方法，翻译成英语时需要增补it。如： • 三点钟了。 It is three o’clock now. • 我们这样做都是为了你好。 It was for your benefit that we did all that. 3. 增补做宾语的代词或先行宾语it • 汉语里只要从上下文能看清楚，宾语常常可以省略，但英 语中凡是及物动词都得有宾语，因此要增补宾语。如： • 我真的认为学好英语很重要。 I do think it important to learn English well. • 把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words.
Southwest University
5
School of Foreign Languages
• • • • • • •
6. 增补介词 英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多，因而汉译英时需适当 的增加介词。如： 你白天还是晚上飞广州？ Do you fly to Guangzhou in the daytime or at night? 我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。 We should try to eliminate the difference between town and country. 7. 增补冠词 人为万物之灵。 Man of all creatures is the one endowed with intelligence. 他不把他当岳母，而当作亲娘。 She considered him not a mother-in-law but a mother.
Southwest University
3
School of Foreign Languages
2. 增补非人称的或强势句中的it it可以指天气、时间，还常用来表示强调、代替不定式等。 汉语中的许多表达方法，翻译成英语时需要增补it。如： • 三点钟了。 It is three o’clock now. • 我们这样做都是为了你好。 It was for your benefit that we did all that. 3. 增补做宾语的代词或先行宾语it • 汉语里只要从上下文能看清楚，宾语常常可以省略，但英 语中凡是及物动词都得有宾语，因此要增补宾语。如： • 我真的认为学好英语很重要。 I do think it important to learn English well. • 把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words.
Southwest University
5
School of Foreign Languages
• • • • • • •
6. 增补介词 英语中的介词比汉语中活跃得多，因而汉译英时需适当 的增加介词。如： 你白天还是晚上飞广州？ Do you fly to Guangzhou in the daytime or at night? 我们应该逐步消灭城乡差别。 We should try to eliminate the difference between town and country. 7. 增补冠词 人为万物之灵。 Man of all creatures is the one endowed with intelligence. 他不把他当岳母，而当作亲娘。 She considered him not a mother-in-law but a mother.
翻译技巧之减词法
翻译技巧之减词法转载：/s/blog_5e3319b70100grc2.htmlvar $tag='杂谈'; var $tag_code='f924efb6fc21e78247f5f4679b066efe'; var $r_quote_bligid='5e3319b70100grby';一、从语法角度来看（一）省略代词英语代词的使用频率远远高于汉语。
因此，英文汉译时往往按照汉语习惯将原文中的一些代词省略。
1．省略作主语的人称代词根据汉语习惯，在指代关系明确的情况下，假如前后两句主语相同，就不必重复出现。
英语通常每句都有主语，因此做主语人称代词往往多次出现，这种代词汉译时常常可以省略。
(1)He who never reached the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
(2) We live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
2.英语中有些作宾语的代词，不管前面是否提到过，翻译时往往可以省略。
(1) I’ve received your letter and read it with delight. 我收到了你的来信，愉快地读了。
3.省略物主代词英语中的物主代词，汉译时往往可以省略，例如，I wash my face in the morning. 汉语只需说“我早上洗脸”，而不必说“我早上洗我的脸”。
（二）省略代词it英语中代词it既可用作人称代词，又可用作非人称代词、先行代词或强调句型中。
下面侧重讨论it在其他几种用法中英语汉译时的省略。
1.非人称代词it的省略非人称代词it在句中做主语时实际上是个虚词，并不指代上下文中具体的事物，一般主要用于表示自然现象、时间、距离、环境及一般情况等。
汉译时，常将这一非人称代词it省略。
(1)It was just growing dark, as she shut the garden gate. 她关上园门时，已是暮色苍茫了。
9.翻译技巧之减词法
四. 介词省略
• Smoking is prohibited in public places. • 公共场所禁止吸烟。 • Now complaints are heard in all parts of that country. • 该国各地怨声载道。 • Rumours had already spread along the streets and lanes. • 各种流言传遍了大街小巷。 • 但是，动词后的介词一般不省略。 • He stood by the desk. • She hid behind the door.
• Any substance is made of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. • 任何物质，无论是固体、液体还是气体，都由原子组成。 • A teacher should have patience in his work. • 当老师的应当有耐心。 • Things of a kind come together; people of a mind fall into the same group. • 物以类聚，人以群分。 • The horse is a useful animal. • 不可省略： • Jack often drives at 90 miles an hour. • We enclose a cheque for US $ 10,000. • How do you like the film?
• 她的黑发蓬松地飘拂在宽宽的前额，脸是短 短的，上唇也是短短的，露出亮亮的牙齿； 眉毛又直又黑，睫毛又长又黑，鼻子笔直。
• 5. “It‖ 作代词时，也常常可以省略。 • It is not entirely right to say that if there is food, let everyone share it. • 说有饭大家吃并不完全正确。 • Outside it was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. • 外面漆黑一团，下着瓢泼大雨。
英汉翻译中的增词法与减词法PPT课件
析：在汉译英时，对“和平共处五项原则”作 1 具体说明，易让读者准确理解这个概念，
0
11
2019/10/20
4.On the wings of hope,( ) of love, ( ) of joy, Miss Meadows sped back to the music hall, up the aisle, up the steps, over to the piano.
美多斯小姐仿佛插上了希望翅膀，爱情的翅膀， 欢乐的翅膀，一路飞奔回到音乐厅，她穿过通 道，跑（跃）上台阶，三步并作两步走到钢琴 前。
4
E.g. 1.She are little. Food sickened her, and I think much of her life too.
她吃的很少, 她厌恶食物, 我觉得她也厌恶生活 2.He is tall. So does his brothers. 3.For the purpose of attaining freedom in the
know under What circumstances verb addition, adverb addition, noun addition should be employed in E-C translation.
know how to apply addition in specific condition.
20191228joymissmeadowsspedbackmusichallupaisleupstepsover美多斯小姐仿佛插上了希望翅膀爱情的翅膀欢乐的翅膀一路飞奔回到音乐厅她穿过通道跑跃上台阶三步并作两步走到钢琴5anyleakevenlatedatecouldhavetremendousinternationalrepercussions
0
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2019/10/20
4.On the wings of hope,( ) of love, ( ) of joy, Miss Meadows sped back to the music hall, up the aisle, up the steps, over to the piano.
美多斯小姐仿佛插上了希望翅膀，爱情的翅膀， 欢乐的翅膀，一路飞奔回到音乐厅，她穿过通 道，跑（跃）上台阶，三步并作两步走到钢琴 前。
4
E.g. 1.She are little. Food sickened her, and I think much of her life too.
她吃的很少, 她厌恶食物, 我觉得她也厌恶生活 2.He is tall. So does his brothers. 3.For the purpose of attaining freedom in the
know under What circumstances verb addition, adverb addition, noun addition should be employed in E-C translation.
know how to apply addition in specific condition.
20191228joymissmeadowsspedbackmusichallupaisleupstepsover美多斯小姐仿佛插上了希望翅膀爱情的翅膀欢乐的翅膀一路飞奔回到音乐厅她穿过通道跑跃上台阶三步并作两步走到钢琴5anyleakevenlatedatecouldhavetremendousinternationalrepercussions
英汉翻译中的增词法与减词法
增加名词
总结词
在英汉翻译中，当英语句子中缺少名 词时，需要增加相应的中文名词来完 整表达意思。
详细描述
例如，在英语句子"He is a good student."中，缺少中文名词"他"对应 的英文名词，因此需要增加"他"这个 名词，翻译为"他是一名优秀的学生。 "
增加动词
总结词
在英汉翻译中，当英语句子中缺少动词时，需要增加相应的中文动词来完整表达意思。
02 减词法概述
定义
减词法是指在翻译过程中，根据原文含义和语境，适当省略或简化某些词语，使 译文更加简洁、流畅。
减词法与增词法相对，是一种常见的翻译技巧。
原因
语言差异
英语和汉语在语法结构、表达习惯等方面存在较大差异，为 了使译文更加符合目标语言的表达习惯，需要进行适当的减 词。
信息传递
翻译的主要目的是传递原文的信息和意义，而非逐词逐句的 对应。因此，在不影响信息传递的前提下，可以适当省略或 简化某些词语。
在翻译文化负载词时，为了保留原文的文化内涵， 需要增加一些解释性的词语。
减词法
在翻译过程中，对于一些不必要或无法翻译 的文化信息，可以适当省略或简化。
信息传达差异
信息量
英汉两种语言在信息表达上存在差异，英语倾向于简 洁明了，而汉语则较为详细。
增词法
在英语译成汉语时，为了使译文信息完整，需要增加 一些细节或背景信息。
VS
省略物主代词
在英语中，物主代词"my/your/his/her" 等用于表示所属关系，但在汉语中，我们 通常省略物主代词，直接表达所属关系。
省略连词
省略并列连词
《商务英语翻译》第2章--第三节-减词法ppt课件
英语翻译
第2章 常用的翻译方法与技巧
SEC 1
SEC 2
2.3 减词法
SEC 3
SEC 4
SEC 5
SEC 6
完整最新ppt
返回
1
教学目标：
了解和掌握减词法（omission）在 翻译中的运用。
返回
完整最新ppt
2
SECTION 3
2.3 常用翻译方法与技巧系列：减词法 减词法（omission）是指原文中有些词在译文 中译不出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意， 或者在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，减词就 是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反而嫌累赘 或违背译文语言习惯的词。但减词并不是把原 文的某些思想内容删去。
2) But it’s the way I am and try as I might , I haven’t been able to change it.
但我就是这个脾气，（……）虽然几经努力，（……）却 未能改变过来.
返回
完整最新ppt
6
The retailers perform many functions. First, he may provide a convenient location. Also, he often guarantees and services the merchandise he sells. Third, the retailer aids in promoting the product, often through displays and advertising. Fourth, the retailer may finance the customer by extending credit.
第2章 常用的翻译方法与技巧
SEC 1
SEC 2
2.3 减词法
SEC 3
SEC 4
SEC 5
SEC 6
完整最新ppt
返回
1
教学目标：
了解和掌握减词法（omission）在 翻译中的运用。
返回
完整最新ppt
2
SECTION 3
2.3 常用翻译方法与技巧系列：减词法 减词法（omission）是指原文中有些词在译文 中译不出来，因为译文中虽无其词而已有其意， 或者在译文中是不言而喻的。换言之，减词就 是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反而嫌累赘 或违背译文语言习惯的词。但减词并不是把原 文的某些思想内容删去。
2) But it’s the way I am and try as I might , I haven’t been able to change it.
但我就是这个脾气，（……）虽然几经努力，（……）却 未能改变过来.
返回
完整最新ppt
6
The retailers perform many functions. First, he may provide a convenient location. Also, he often guarantees and services the merchandise he sells. Third, the retailer aids in promoting the product, often through displays and advertising. Fourth, the retailer may finance the customer by extending credit.
翻译技巧之减词法
据我们所知，广告在社会中起着重要的作用：传递商品信息，促进交流，使商界正常运作。
一.原文重复词语或同义词省略
University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not.
人生的意义不在于已获取的，而在于渴望获得什么样的东西。
2
Knowledge is a comfortable and necessary retreat and shelter for us in an advanced age; and if we do not plant it while young, it will give us no shade when we grow old.
1
她的黑发蓬松地飘拂在宽宽的前额，脸是短短的，上唇也是短短的，露出亮亮的牙齿；眉毛又直又黑，睫毛又长又黑，鼻子笔直。
2
“It” 作代词时，也常常可以省略。
It is not entirely right to say that if there is food, let everyone share it.
01
电子表比机械表准确得多。
02
He took off his coat and shoes. Then he put on his slippers，went to the sofa and began to watch TV.
03
他脱了大衣和鞋子，然后穿上拖鞋，走到沙发前，开始看电视。
04
减词法是对原文中的某些词语略而不译。这是出自于译语行文习惯的需要而采用的一种翻译技巧。
A
沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。
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• 火箭发动机自带氧气。
• Trees grow along both banks of the
canal. • 运河两岸长着树木
• It is a pleasure for us to offer you
the goods as follows. • 非常荣幸向贵方报盘如下。
9
1.3 Omission of Personal and Possessive Pronouns
prepositions, articles, certain pronouns, conjunctions, etc.) that
are indispensable in the SL text but not in the TL text.
2
II. Motivation
• Omission is based on the differences between English and Chinese. For example, Chinese has no articles or infinitive markers. And pronouns, conjunctions, and prepositions are not used as frequently as those of English. So when we translate English sentences with articles and infinitive markers into Chinese, we often omit them.
the debt. • 他自愿负责还清债务。
• It requires patience to do the job.
6
1.1 Omission of Articles
A horse is a useful animal.
马是有用的动物。
The earth moves around the
sun. 地球绕太阳公转。
7
Some Articles Can Not Be Omitted!
• He left without a word. • 他一句话也没说就走了。 • He said that he was getting a
dollar a mile. • 他说他每开一英里就赚一块钱。 • The children are of an age. • 这些孩子都是同岁的。
8
1.2 Omission of Prepositions
• The rocket engine carries with it the oxygen of its own.
Lecture 10
Omission （省略法）
1
I. Definition
• By omission we mean we properly omit some words or expressions in order to make the translated version brief, concise, clear. Proper omission in English-Chinese translation often involves the omitting of some words (such as
4
IV. Classification
• Omission Due to Syntactic Considerations
• Omission Due to Logic Considerations
• Omission Due to Rhetoric consideቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱations
5
1. Omission Due to Syntactic Considerations
3
III. Principles
1. Omission does not go against ‘faithfulness’. It does not mean subtracting meanings from the original work.
2. Omission should be aimed at smoothness and conciseness or succinctness.
• Omission of Articles (Articles are generally not translated unless it is necessary)
• Omission of Prepositions • Omission of Personal and Possessive
Pronouns • Omission of ‘It’ • Omission of Conjunctions • Omission of Verbs
• If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.
• 打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。 • He is a good friend that speaks well of us
behind our backs.
• 在背后说我们好话的人才是好朋友。
• We expect that the delivery will be effected
at your earliest convenience. • 盼你方早日交货。
10
1.4 Omission of ‘It’
• He took it upon himself to pay off
3. What is omitted may not be necessarily confined to certain parts of speech. Any parts of speech may be liable to be omitted according to the context and the translator’s translation techniques.
• Trees grow along both banks of the
canal. • 运河两岸长着树木
• It is a pleasure for us to offer you
the goods as follows. • 非常荣幸向贵方报盘如下。
9
1.3 Omission of Personal and Possessive Pronouns
prepositions, articles, certain pronouns, conjunctions, etc.) that
are indispensable in the SL text but not in the TL text.
2
II. Motivation
• Omission is based on the differences between English and Chinese. For example, Chinese has no articles or infinitive markers. And pronouns, conjunctions, and prepositions are not used as frequently as those of English. So when we translate English sentences with articles and infinitive markers into Chinese, we often omit them.
the debt. • 他自愿负责还清债务。
• It requires patience to do the job.
6
1.1 Omission of Articles
A horse is a useful animal.
马是有用的动物。
The earth moves around the
sun. 地球绕太阳公转。
7
Some Articles Can Not Be Omitted!
• He left without a word. • 他一句话也没说就走了。 • He said that he was getting a
dollar a mile. • 他说他每开一英里就赚一块钱。 • The children are of an age. • 这些孩子都是同岁的。
8
1.2 Omission of Prepositions
• The rocket engine carries with it the oxygen of its own.
Lecture 10
Omission （省略法）
1
I. Definition
• By omission we mean we properly omit some words or expressions in order to make the translated version brief, concise, clear. Proper omission in English-Chinese translation often involves the omitting of some words (such as
4
IV. Classification
• Omission Due to Syntactic Considerations
• Omission Due to Logic Considerations
• Omission Due to Rhetoric consideቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱations
5
1. Omission Due to Syntactic Considerations
3
III. Principles
1. Omission does not go against ‘faithfulness’. It does not mean subtracting meanings from the original work.
2. Omission should be aimed at smoothness and conciseness or succinctness.
• Omission of Articles (Articles are generally not translated unless it is necessary)
• Omission of Prepositions • Omission of Personal and Possessive
Pronouns • Omission of ‘It’ • Omission of Conjunctions • Omission of Verbs
• If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.
• 打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。 • He is a good friend that speaks well of us
behind our backs.
• 在背后说我们好话的人才是好朋友。
• We expect that the delivery will be effected
at your earliest convenience. • 盼你方早日交货。
10
1.4 Omission of ‘It’
• He took it upon himself to pay off
3. What is omitted may not be necessarily confined to certain parts of speech. Any parts of speech may be liable to be omitted according to the context and the translator’s translation techniques.