有限元及力学专业词汇汇总--中英文对照

拉力tensile force

正应力normal stress

切应力shear stress

静水压力hydrostatic pressure

集中力concentrated force

分布力distributed force

线性应力应变关系linear relationship between stress and strain 弹性模量modulus of elasticity

横向力 lateral force transverse force

轴向力 axial force

拉应力 tensile stress

压应力 compressive stress

平衡方程equilibrium equation

静力学方程equations of static

比例极限proportional limit

应力应变曲线stress-strain curve

拉伸实验tensile test

屈服应力yield stress

极限应力ultimate stress

轴shaft

梁beam

纯剪切pure shear

横截面积cross-sectional area

挠度曲线deflection curve

曲率半径radius of curvature

曲率半径的倒数reciprocal of radius of curvature

纵轴longitudinal axis

悬臂梁cantilever beam

简支梁simply supported beam

微分方程differential equation

惯性矩moment of inertia

静矩static moment

扭矩torque moment

弯矩bending moment

弯矩对x的导数derivative of bending moment with respect to x 弯矩对x的二阶导数the second derivative of bending moment with respect to x

静定梁statically determinate beam

静不定梁statically indeterminate beam

相容方程compatibility equation

补充方程complementary equation

中性轴neutral axis

圆截面circular cross section

两端作用扭矩twisted by couples at two ends

刚体rigid body

扭转角twist angle

静力等效statically equivalent

相互垂直平面mutually perpendicular planes

通过截面形心through the centroid of the cross section 一端铰支pin support at one end

一端固定fixed at one end

弯矩图bending moment diagram

剪力图shear force diagram

剪力突变abrupt change in shear force、

旋转和平移rotation and translation

虎克定律hook’s law

边界条件boundary condition

初始位置initial position

力矩面积法moment-area method

绕纵轴转动rotate about a longitudinal axis

横坐标abscissa

扭转刚度torsional rigidity

拉伸刚度tensile rigidity

剪应力的合力resultant of shear stress

正应力的大小magnitude of normal stress

脆性破坏brittle fail

刚体的平衡equilibrium of rigid body

约束力constraint force

重力gravitational force

实际作用力actual force

三维力系three-dimentional force system 合力矩resultant moment

标量方程scalar equation、

矢量方程vector equation

张量方程tensor equation

汇交力系cocurrent system of forces

任意一点an arbitrary point

合矢量resultant vector

反作用力reaction force

反作用力偶reaction couple

转动约束restriction against rotation

平动约束restriction against translation 运动的趋势tendency of motion

绕给定轴转动rotate about a specific axis 沿一个方向运动move in a direction

控制方程control equation

共线力collinear forces

平面力系planar force system