非谓语动词作定语

• 4．像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限 制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语 从句。
• 例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground.
• The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world.
• 例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things)
• Have you got anything to say at the meeting? ( you... say ... anything)
• Here is a letter to be taken to Mr. Li.
• 一般式: 将来或经常性的动作， • 完成式: 该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动
作之前。
• 例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.
• ② 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有 动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的 介词.
party were from South Africa. • A. invited • B. to invite • C. being invited • D. had been invited
• 3. There was a terrible noise _B______
the sudden burst of light. • A. followed • B. following • C. to be followed • D. being followed
• 4. Do you know the boy__D_____ under
the big tree?
A. lay
B. lain
• C. laying
D. lying
• 5. Are you going to attend the meeting
____A___ tomorrow?
• A. to be held C. will be held
B. being held D. held
• 6. I like most of the books __C_____ in this
_______ house. A. publishing, publishing
• B. published, published C. published, publishing
• 8. Would you please give me a piece of
paper ___B____?
A. to write
B. to write on
• C. to write with
D. to be
• D. publishing, published
• 7. This is one of the questions ___C____ at
the meeting now.
A. to discuss
B. to be discussed
C. being discussed D. discussed
the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there )
The girl singing is my classmate.
• ② -ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语 动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时 该动作正 在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。
非谓语动词作定语
高考对非谓语动词作定语的考查主要包括 以下几个方面的内容： 1．不定式作定语； 2．-ing分词作定语； 3．-ed分词作定语。
• 【典型例题】 1．(北京2000, 单项填空)The picture
__B_____ on the wall is painted by my
nephew.
作。 • 例如：a developed/developing country
• He is a student loved by all the teachers.
• The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school.
A. having hung B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
正确答案：B 根据题干判断，句中需要一个 既作定语又表状态的非谓语动词，所以选B。
• 2．（NMET97，单项填空）The Olympic Games,______in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.
• • 在there be句型中，有时用主动式或被动式意思
不同。
• 比较：There is nothing to do at present. (=We have nothing to do at present.)
There is nothing to be done at present. (= We can do nothing at present.)
• 比较： • 误：He is the man visiting our class
yesterday. • 正：He is the man who visited our class
yesterday.
3．-ed分词作定语
• -ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成动 作,
• -ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作, • -ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动
2．-ing分词作定语
• ① 单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的 性质、特征或用途等,
• -ing短语作定语一般后置； • 强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。 例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping )
a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )
• 【知识过关】
B
1. The computer center,______last
year, is very popular among the
students. in the school.
• A. open • C. having opened
B. opening D. opened
• 2. Most of the artists ___A____ to the
• 例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher?
• Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday?
• The man shaking ( = who is now shaking ) hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday.
•Fra Baidu bibliotekA. having written B. to be written
• C. being written D. written • 正确答案：D 此题考查分词的限制性定语
用法，其他与例2类似，所以选D
1．不定式作定语
• ① 不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一 些名 词、代词之后。其中，
• 例如：Let‘s first find a room to live in / to put the things in.
• We have nothing to worry about. (=There is nothing for us to worry about.)
• ③ 不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾 语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻 辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则， 用被动式。
A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing
• 正确答案：C 此题考查分词作非限制性定 语的用法，有被动意义，动作已完成，所 以选C。
• 3．（NMET94，单项填空）The first text books _______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.