语法一致形式
(完整版)英语语法主谓一致
1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。
2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
(1)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
I often help him and he often helps me.(2)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。
主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为复数,谓语用复数。
The police are searching the woods for the murderer.(3)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。
并列主语的谓语一致1.And(1)两个单数名词用and连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。
Tom and Jack are close friends.(2)两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割的整体时,谓语用单数。
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.(3)被every,each,many a,no等限定的单数名词由and连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,后一个限定词可以省略。
every ……and ……every,each……and……each,no……and……no, many a……and……many a。
Each boy and (each) girl has an apple.(4)一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。
Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。
Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.(5)由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数What he says and does do not agree.(言行不一致)What he says and does does not concern me.2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。
英语语法——主谓一致
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单---பைடு நூலகம்-谓语单
A knife and fork_i_s_ used to have meals.
(and 后无冠词) 指同一个人
(and 后无冠词)
The singer and dancer__is__ on the stage.
指一副刀叉
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
主语形单意复,谓语用复数 主语形复意单,谓语用单数
谓语的单复数形式 取决于最靠近他的主语。
“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语 谓语与主语一致
语法一致
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
1.常见复数形式名词:
(1)Trousers、scissors(剪刀)、 clothes、goods(货物)、glasses、shoes
Every boy and every girl in the class _______(be) diligent. No sound and no voice _______(be) heard.
主语复--谓语复 ; 主语单-----谓语单
7. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语 ——— 谓语动词用单数
主形单意复,谓语复;主形复意单,谓语单
2. 有些以-s 结尾的名词虽形式是复数, 但意义上是单数(形复意单)谓语用单
① Every means _h_a_s___ been tried since then. ② No news __i_s_ good news. (is / are) ③ Maths / physics __i_s__ the subject that I like most. (is / are)
专升本英语语法---主谓一致
主谓一致一、概念:主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。
这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。
二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况:语法一致,就近一致和意义一致。
(一)、语法一致:主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。
e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other.不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数;可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。
1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语:①The worker and writer ______(be) from Wuhan.那个工人兼作家②The worker and the writer ______ (be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家③The secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B.was C. are D. were(1)这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:① My brother and I have both seen that film.② Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China.③ The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting.(2)这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,这时 and 后面的名词前没有冠词。
例:① The st atesman and poet was engaged in warfare all his life.② War and peace is a constant theme in history.③ One more knife and fork is needed.④Bread and butter is our daily food.⑤ Law and order has been established.(3)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
高中英语 高考语法 主谓一致 规则梳理
主谓一致一、语法一致1.and,both...and...连接并列成分作主语。
此时谓语动词用复数形式eg. The plastic and rubber never rot.2.主语后带有with,as well as等引起的短语时此时谓语动词的数要和这些短语前面的主语保持一致(就远一致的原则)eg. The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year.3.不定代词或由不定代词修饰的词作主语若是表示单数意义的each,either等,谓语动词用单数;若是表示复数意义的both,few等,谓语动词用复数。
eg. Everything is in a complete mass.不定代词each,every,no修饰名词且用and连接多个并列主语,谓语动词仍用单数形式。
eg. In our country,every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.4.“a/the number of+复数名词”作主语“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式“a number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式eg. A number of students have gone for an outing.The number of the students is increasing year after year.5.由两部分构成一个整体的名词作主语此时谓语动词常用复数形式。
但主语前有a series of,a kind of,a piece of,a pair of 等修饰时,谓语动词的单复数形式与表示计量单位的名词的单复数形式一致。
eg. My trousers are old,so I want to buy a new pair.A pair of shoes is lying under the bed.“名词+of this kind”作主语时,谓语动词与of 前的名词保持数的一致。
英语语法原则语法一致原则
英语语法原则语法一致原则语法一致原则是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致,即通常情况下,谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定,主语为单数形式时谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式时谓语动词也用复数形式。
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语法一致原则1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2. 由连接词and或both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
英语语法原则主谓一致三原则
英语语法原则主谓一致三原则主谓一致三原则1. 形式一致的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter.他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here.他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there.是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去?英语基本句型归纳基本句型一:S V (主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。
英语主谓一致十大总结
英语主谓一致十大总结主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致遵循三个基本原则:语法一致,意义一致,就近原则。
语法一致:主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
意义一致:主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式;或者主语形式上是复数,但表达单数意义,那么谓语动词要用单数形式;就近原则:谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。
一、谓语用单数形式:1 可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
2 “more than one+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
3 “a/an+单数名词+or two”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
4 “many a+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
5 某些以-s结尾的单数名词如news,physics,works,maths等作主语,谓语动词用单数。
6 主语从句、动词不定式、动词-ing形式作主语,谓语动词用单数。
7 若and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一个事物或概念时,谓语动词用单数。
8 两个单数名词用and连接表示不可分的整体,作主语,谓语动词用单数。
9 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
10 Each,either,another,the other,(a)little或much作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。
11 表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
12 运算数词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
13 表示数量的“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数14 在each...and each,every...and every, no...and no, many a...and many a等由and连接并列单数主语的结构中,谓语动词用单数。
二、谓语动词用复数1 表示总称意义的名词如people,police,cattle,crew,clothes等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动
主谓一致有许多原则,概括起来不外乎三种一致原则,即语法形式一致,概念一致(语言内容上一致),毗邻一致(谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。
(下面黄色字体部分是常考知识点)1. 语法形式一致(1)单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。
复数主语,用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。
例如:1) The performance was very funny.2) Serving the people is my great happiness.3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce.5) Both you and I are students.6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.注1:在what 引导的主语从句中,如果主语补语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion.注2:修饰语对主语的数不起影响。
例如:The performance of the first three clowns was very funny.(2)由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。
英语语法主动一致的若干规则
英语语法主动一致的若干规则英语语法中的主动一致规则是一组关于主语和谓语的一致性的规则。
这些规则用于确定主语是单数还是复数,以及哪种形式的动词应该与之配合,这对于正确地表达意思非常重要。
本文将介绍主动一致的若干规则和例子。
规则一:主语是单数/第三人称单数时,动词也应该是单数形式。
例子:- The cat runs fast. (猫快速奔跑。
)- He sings beautifully. (他唱歌很好听。
)- That book belongs to her. (那本书属于她。
)规则二:主语是复数时,动词也应该是复数形式。
例子:- The cats run fast. (猫们快速奔跑。
)- They sing beautifully. (他们唱歌很好听。
)- Those books belong to us. (那些书属于我们。
)规则三:有些名词虽然看起来像是复数形式,但它们实际上是单数形式。
如果主语是这些名词,则动词也应该采用单数形式。
例子:- Mathematics is his strongest subject. (数学是他最擅长的科目。
)- The news is good today. (今天的新闻很好。
)- Politics is not my area of interest. (政治不是我的兴趣领域。
)规则四:有时主语由两个或多个名词组成,这种情况下应该使用复数动词。
例子:- Chocolate and vanilla are my favorite ice cream flavors. (巧克力和香草是我最喜欢的冰激凌口味。
)- Tom and Jerry are best friends. (汤姆和杰瑞是最好的朋友。
)-The computer and printer need to be fixed. (电脑和打印机需要修理。
)规则五:当主语为复合名词时,动词的形式应该与主语中的最后一个单词相匹配。
高中英语语法梳理-主谓一致
主谓一致一、语法形式上的一致。
主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如:Jane and Mary look healthy and strong.The number of mistakes was surprising.解释:主语是the number,谓语是was对于数字而言,它是单数,所以用了was;反思:the number of通常跟a number of来对比,a number of是大量的的意思;后面通常是可数名词的复数,所以谓语也跟着用复数形式,比如a number of people are rushing to the toilet.二、意义上一致1.主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。
例如:The crowd were running for their lives.单数形式表示复数意义的词有people,police,cattle,militia等。
2.主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The news was very exciting.形复意单的单词有news,works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics,mathematics等。
三、就近原则即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or,either…or,neither...nor,not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。
例如:Either your students or Mr.Wang knows this.四、应注意的几个问题。
1.名词作主语1)某些集体名词(如family,team等)作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:The whole family are watching TV.His family is going to have a long journey.这类名词有:audience,class,club,committee,company,crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team,etc.名词population一词的使用情况跟上述类似。
英语语法原则语法一致原则
英语语法原则语法一致原则英语语法原则——语法一致原则英语中的语法一致原则是一个基本的语言规则。
在一篇文章或一个句子中,不同的词或短语之间,需要保持一致的语法形式,从而使得文章或句子的语言变得准确、易懂、专业。
一、主谓一致原则当句子主语是单数时,谓语动词也应该是单数形式;当主语是复数时,谓语动词也应该是复数形式。
这是英语语法中最基本、最常见的一致原则。
例如:The cat is sleeping.这里的主语cat 是单数形式,所以谓语动词is 也要用单数形式。
The cats are sleeping.这里的主语是复数形式,谓语动词也应该是复数形式are。
二、代词一致原则在英语中,代词必须与它们所代表的名词在人称、数、性别上一致。
例如:Richard went to the store, and he bought some candy.这个句子中,代词he 代表人名Richard,所以在人称上要一致。
The student turned in their essay.这句话中,代词their 用来代表单数名词student,这是由于现代英语中很难区分性别。
当然,有时代词的一致性可能会导致一些困惑和争议,比如使用he 或she 作为代词可以代表一个人,但有时会触及到其他性别群体的情况,因此,一些拥护公平平等和平性别的人士提出使用代词they 来代替he/she。
三、时态一致原则在句子中,所有动词的时态应该是相一致的。
例如:When I arrived at the party, everyone is dancing.这句话中,表示动作已经发生的arrived 与当前正在进行中的dancing 不一致。
正确的说法应该是:When I arrived at the party, everyone was dancing.四、近义词一致原则在英语中,有许多相似的词汇,这些词会根据句子结构的不同,产生不同的意义。
高考英语语法 主谓一致及练习
一.主谓一致的基本原则1.语法一致:指主语用单数形式,谓语也用单数形式;主语为复数,谓语动词也用复数。
2.意义一致:指主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词要用复数形式;或主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义,则谓语动词也采用单数形式。
eg:My family were watching TV at 7 o’clock.3.就近原则:指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定。
eg: There are two pens, a book and three pencils on the desk.二.谓语动词只能用单数的12种情况1.非谓语动词或从句做主语to do, 疑问词+to do , 动名词doing, 或主语从句做主语(what引导的从句有例外),谓语动词用单数。
eg: when and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.2. 复合不定代词作主语以some-,any-,every-,no-开头,以-thing,-body,-one结尾的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Eg: Nobody wants to go there, does he?Something has been done to end the strike.3. 以-s结尾的学科名,书名,国名做主语eg: physics, politics,maths,the United States, Wales4. “more than one/many a+单数名词”作主语时位于动词用单数。
但是在more+复数名词+than one后谓语动词用复数eg: More than one student has seen the film.5. 指同一人或事物的并列结构作主语指同一人或事物的A and B结构(如knife and fork刀叉, bread and butter 黄油面包,a teacher and writer老师兼作家)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致语法
② The professor, together with many of
his students, is entering the meeting
hall.
二、百分数、分数做主语时的主谓一致
当百分数、分数后加名词或代词时, 要根据这个名词或代词来确定其谓动 的单复数形式。
三、不定代词做主语时的主谓一致
Niagara Falls are a splendid scene.
5.名词如trousers, pants, shorts, glasses, scissors以及clothes, goods等做主语,谓 动要用单数;但当这类词前有a/the pair of
修饰时,谓动用单数。
七、number, many a...等做主语时的主谓一 致
六、形式为复数、意义为单数的名词做主语 时的主谓一致
1.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、计量、空间、体 积等意义的名词做主语,谓动常用单数。
2.两数相加、相乘,谓动单复数均可; 两数相减、相除,谓动只用单数。
①Thirty-six from forty leaves six.
②Six times seven are/is forty-two.
• 另外,neither...nor, either...or,not only...but also连接两个名词或代词作主语时,或 由there,here引导的句子,并且主语 不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近它的 那个主语保持数上一致。
除了上述三个原则外,还有一 些特殊的情况需要注意:
• 1.表示时间、重量、数目、价格、长度、 数学运算等的词或词组作主语时,尽管 它们是复数形式,但如果把这些复数形 式的词或词组看作是一个整体,谓语动 词就用单数形式。
主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致
主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化;主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致;谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数;China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界;We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来;使用语法一致的情况1当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数;My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影;Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦;注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式;Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育;No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会;2主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:with,along with,together with,as well as,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系;The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议;The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道,也学会了开汽车;A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家;E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用;Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密;All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了;3非谓语动词或从句作主语非谓语动词动词的-ing形式、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语一般用单数形式;When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来;Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的;To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事;When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定;注意:当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定;What we need here is money.我们这里需要的是资金;What we need here are workers.我们这里需要的是工人;Lying and stealing are immoral.说谎与偷窃是不道德的;4each和复合不定代词作主语each和some/any/no一个比一个差;Nobody knows the answer. 没有一个人知道这答案;Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你;Is there anything in the box箱子里有什么东西吗There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多奶;5“many a +单数名词”作主语“many a、很多/more than one不只一个+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;Many a student has been to Beijing. 很多学生去过北京;There is more than one answer to your question. 你的问题不只有一个答案;6“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the等限定词和修饰语“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only,the very,the等限定词和修饰语时,定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式;Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man.汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩;He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.他是这三年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生;注意:如没有这些限定词和修饰语,定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式;Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others. 汤姆是个随时愿意帮助别人的男孩;7由两个部分组成的物体名词作主语英语中有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如g1asses眼镜,scissors剪刀,shorts 短裤,shoes鞋子,trousers裤子等作主语,其后的谓语动词用复数形式;His glasses were broken, so he can't see well. 他的眼镜碎了,因而看不清楚;His trousers are made of cotton. 他的裤子是棉布的;注意:若这类名词前带有pair等表示单位的名词时,则以这些名词的单、复数形式决定动词的形式;Two pairs of trousers are missing. 两条裤子不见了;This pair of shoes is not on sale. 这双鞋不出售;2、意义上的一致意义上的一致是指谓语动词与主语的一致取决于主语所表达的意义;若主语形式上为复数,而意义上是单数,动词要用单数;若主语形式上为单数,而意义上为复数,则动词用复数;The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲;The police are looking into the matter. 警察正在调查此事;使意义上的一致的情况1由and连接两个并列主语其后的谓语动词一般用复数形式;但如果两个单数名词指同一个人、同一事物、单一概念时,谓语动词要用单数,有时两个名词共用一个冠词;The worker and writer has written a new novel. 这位工人兼作家写了一部新小说;两个名词共用一个冠词There is a journalist and writer living in America whose name is Alex Haley. 在美国有一个名叫亚利克斯哈利的记者兼作家;Truth and honesty is always the best policy. 真诚总是上策;注意:用and连接起来的两个单数主语,谓语动词可以是单数,也可以是复数;Three and five makes /make eight.三加五等于八;Time and tide wait/waits for no man .岁月不等人;2形复意单的名词作主语①复数形式的专有名词表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等做主语,通常作为整体看待,谓语动词用单数;The United States is in North America.美国在北美洲;The Arabian Nights is read all over the world.天方夜谭是流传世界各地的名着;The New York Times has a wide circulation.纽约时报销路很广;注意:表示山脉、群岛、瀑布等的专有名词和以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人,谓语也用复数;The Alps rise over 4 countries.阿尔卑斯山脉跨越了四国;Niagara Falls are not as high as Victoria Falls.尼亚加拉瀑布没有维多利亚瀑布高;The Smiths were also invited.史密斯一家人也受到了邀请;There are 3 Marys and 2 Roberts in my class.我班有三个叫玛丽、两个叫罗伯特的学生;②以-ics结尾表示学科的名词做主语,通常表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式;这类名词有:physics, politics, mathematics, economics, athletics, electronics等;Politics is now taught in all schools.现在各学校都开设政治课;Economics is a science of the way in which industry and trade produce and use wealth.经济学是研究工业、贸易生财和用财之道;注意:当这些动词表示有关方面的活动、情况、见解、原理等意思时,谓语动词需用复数形式;What are his politics他的政见如何The economics of national growth are of the greatest importance to all modern governments.国家发展经济的原理对现代各国政府都重要;③news,maths,plastics,physics,works,means方法,the United States等虽然以-s结尾,但意义上作为单数看待;“News of victories keeps pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. 集团军司令说:”随着我们军队的推进胜利的消息接踵而至;”Mathematics/Physics is a required subject for us.数学/物理是我们必修的科目;Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.所有可能的直至污染的方法都用了,但天空还是不晴朗的;④成对的名词做主语时用单数形式;Bread and butter is a daily food in the West .面包抹黄油是西方人每天的食品;His gratitude and devotion to the Party is endless.他无限感觉,无限忠于党;⑤“one and a half +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数;One and a half pears is left on the table .一只半梨剩在桌子上;One and a half days is all I can spare.一天半是我所能挤出的全部时间;注意:“one or two+复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数;One or two days are enough to see the city.参观该市一两天就足够了;There are one or two things I want to talk over with you .我有一两件事想跟你商量;3有生命的集体名词作主语有生命的集体名词如people,police,cattle,militia作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;Cattle are also kept. 还养了一些牛;There are many people there. 那里有很多人;The police are looking for the thief. 公安人员在搜寻那个小偷;All the people of the world want peace.全世界人民都渴望和平;注意:family,team,class,government,audience,crew,committee等集体名词,如果作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果作个别成员看待,谓语动词用复数形式;people作“民族”解时,作单数用;Zhang’s family is rather big, with twelve people in all.张家很大,一共12口人;The family are sitting at the breakfast table. 这家人正坐在早餐桌旁;My family is a large one. 我家是个大家庭;The class are doing experiment in the lab. 全班同学正在实验室里做实验;The class has won the honour. 这个班获得了荣誉;The Chinese people is a great people.中华民族是一个伟大的民族;4 名词化的形容词作主语名词化的形容词作主语,按照意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单、复数形式;如果指一类人,谓语动词用复数形式,如果指一个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式;这类形容词有:old, young, rich, poor, blind, deaf, dead, sick等;The rich are not always happy. 富人也有不开心的时候;The wounded is a policeman. 受伤者是一名警察;The beautiful is not always the same as the good. 漂亮的不一定就等于好;5 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词做主语,通常看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;Twenty years has passed since we left school. 我们离开学校已经20年了;Ten thousand dollars is a lot of money. 一万美元是一大笔钱;Two months is quite a long time. 两个月时间是很长的;Two hours is enough for us to do this experiment.我们做这个实验两个小时就够了;Thirty kilometres is a good 公里是一个相当远的距离;注意:如果说话人侧重一个个的个体,谓语动词用复数形式;Twenty years have passed since we parted.自从我们分手以后20年己经过去了;6“a number of十复数可数名词”与“the number of十复数可数名词”作主语“a number of十复数可数名词”表示“一些、许多”的意思,谓语动词用复数;“the number of十复数可数名词”表示“……的数目、数量”,谓语动词用单数;The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.邀请来的人数是50,但很多人因不同的原因没来;A number of books are missing from the library.图书馆丢了许多书;The number of workers in this factory is increasing.这家工厂的工人数目正在增加;7none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词作主语none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词时,有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待,主要根据说话人的意思决定;None of them has arrived yet at the settlement. 他们没有一个到达新住宅区;None of them have arrived yet. 他们都还没到;8“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语,这时要以of短语中的名词是否为复数而定;Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.该地区五分之二的土地为树木和草所覆盖;89% of smokers are male. 89%的吸烟者是男性;In the USA, 75% of the grain is used to feed animals. 在美国,75%的谷物用来喂养动物;Two-thirds of the earth's surface is sea. 地球表面的2/3是海洋;Two-thirds of the people were against the plan. 2/3的人都反对核计划;9表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语,谓语动词用单数还是复数,应根据后接名词的单、复数形式而定;这些名间或代词有all,any,enough,half,more,most,the rest,part,some等;The rest of the buildings are easy to get to. 其余的建筑物并不难上;The rest of his life was happy. 他的晚年生活很幸福;Most of my time was spent in reading. 我大部分时间用来读书;Most of the people are aware of it. 大部分人都知道它;Some of the sugar was spilled on the floor. 一些糖散落在地上;Some of the apples were spilled on the floor. 一些苹果散落在地上;10两个主语,一个肯定,一个否定,谓语动词与肯定主语相一致;The parents, and not the son, were missing.失踪者不是儿子,而是他的双亲;3、邻近原则邻近原则是指谓语动词要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持人称与数的一致;Neither he nor I am a student. 他和我都不是学生;There is a pen , two chairs and a desk. 有一支钢笔,两把椅子和一张桌子;这主要有以下几种情况;1由or,either…or等连接的并列结构作主语由or、either…or、nor、neither…nor、not only…but also、not…but连接的并列主语,通常按照就近一致原则,谓语动词的单、复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定;Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.要么你要么校长在会议上对这些天才的学生颁奖;Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. 他和我都没有做完试验;Either his friends or his brother is wrong. 不是他的朋友们错了,就是他哥哥错了;Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.不仅我而且简和玛丽都讨厌一个接一个的考试;Not only the teacher but also his students have studied the question. 不仅老师而且他的学生们都研究了这个问题;2在主谓倒装句时在主谓倒装句中,主语并列,谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语相一致;由here或there引导的句子,若有并列主语,谓语也与最靠近的那个主语一致;There is a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌、一张饭桌和3把椅子;There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有3把椅子、一张书桌和一台电脑;Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away你不在时妻子和孩子呆在哪儿"表里不一"现象:以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致:英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es,但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词;它们用法多样,造成了实际使用上的困难,以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题;一以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题二以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题三以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题四以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题五其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题集合名词的主谓一致原则:集合名词作主语时,主谓一致关系是一个较为复杂的问题.对此类问题我们可以从"数"的角度分为四类.1单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类;如:a class—classes; a family—families; a government—governments; an army —armies; a people—peoples; a group—groups; a crowd—crowds; a crew —crews等;这类集合名词强调的是整体性,即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待;属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时,谓语动词用单数;复数形式作主语时,谓语动词用复数;例如A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.每个上午一大群人经常聚集在广场上The government has decided to pass the bill.政府已决定通过这一法案There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.星期天有大群大群的人在街上;There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.在世界上有许多讲英语的人但应注意,这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念,所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为"单复同形型"中.2单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体,即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内,所以只有单数形式.如作主语,谓语动词常用单数;这类名词常见的有:humanity,mankind,proletariat等.例如The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment,mankind makes constant progress.3复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的,就是说它们只有单数形式,但表达的都是复数概念;它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有:police,cattle,faculty,flock,machinery,vermin,personnel等.它们作主语时,谓语动词要用复数.例如The police have caught the murder.Our personnel are very highly trained.The vermin are very dangerous.4单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时,用单数动词或复数动词均可,有时意义区别不大.例如The school teaching staff are is excellent.The public is are requested not to litter in the park.The teaching profession claims to be badly paid.这类集合名词常见的有:class,family,team,crew,board,herd,committee,party,jury,enemy,audience 等.根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体,就认为是单数,用单数动词;若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话,就认为其为复数,用复数动词;试比较:The football team is playing well.那个足球队打得非常漂亮.The football team are shavings bath and are then coming back here for tea. 足球队员们正在洗澡,然后来这里吃茶点;The family is a very happy one.那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭;That family are very pleased about the news of William's success. 全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴;巧记主谓一致原则:单单复复最常见,集体名词谓用单,如若强调其成员,复数谓语记心间;有些名词谓常复,people,police即这般;主语单数后接介,谓语单数介无关,many a作主语也如此,谓语动词应用单;or、nor、but also、there be,近主原则挂嘴边;关系代词定主语,谓语根据先行词判;不定式短语、动名词,主语从句谓全单;时间、货币与距离,谓语多单复少见,rest,means,fol1owing等,意义决定其复、单;none,all,half of等,of之宾语定答案;还有分数、百分数,仍据of之宾定复、单;代词all指人谓复数,all指事情谓用单;量词用法请注意,谓语要随量词变;and连接两名词,身兼两职一定冠,no,each,every后单名,两件种事物系一概念,以上情况请记清,谓语动词全用单;形容词带the一类人,姓氏复数加定冠,-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛,谓语用复勿用单;neither,either,each,用作主语谓全单;。
主谓一致之语法一致原则
主谓一致的原则之一:语法一致原则语法一致原则是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致,即通常情况下,谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定,主语为单数形式时谓语动词用单数形式,主语为复数形式时谓语动词也用复数形式。
例如:He is reading an English book. 他在看一本英语书。
可以通过下面的主谓一致一般搭配总表把握语法一致原则:人称与数具体例词be的现在式be的过去式do的现在式have的现在式一般将来时过去将来时一般现在时中实义动词作谓语第一人称单数I am was do have shall should动词原形第一人称复数We are were do have shall should动词原形第二人称单或复数you are were do have will would动词原形第三人称单数He, she, it, 单数名词is was does has will would动词原形+-s 词尾第三人称复数they及复数名词are were do have will would动词原形掌握主谓一致考点中的语法一致原则,要注意两个特殊问题:(1)主语前、后加修饰语时的主谓一致问题。
主语的修饰语对主语和谓语之间的关系一般不起影响,尤其在主语后接as well as, with, along with, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to, , like, rather than, more than, no less than等插入语时,谓语仍须与主语本身保持一致。
例如:Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. 汤姆以及他的两位同学一起被邀请参加了晚会。
A woman with Mary is coming to the hospital. 一个妇女跟同玛丽正向医院走来。
名词的主谓一致规则
名词的主谓一致规则
名词的主谓一致规则主要涉及三方面原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。
意义一致原则:谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。
例如,某些集体名词如team、family等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
就近一致原则:当连词or、not...but...、either ...or ...、neither ...nor ...、not only ...but (also) ...等连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式一般与最靠近的词语保持一致。
此外,还有一些特殊情况需要注意:
代词each以及由every、some、no、any等构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语需用单数。
但each若放在主语后作同位语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
many a或more than one所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。
不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
并列结构作主语时,需要根据并列项的实际情况选择适当的谓语动词形式。
以上规则需根据实际情况灵活运用,以确保主谓一致。
2023届高考英语语法之主谓一致语法一致与形式一致原则讲义
2023年高考英语语法之主谓一致语法一致与形式一致原则解析语法一致原则主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分为:语法一致,内容一致,就近一致.今天着重计解语法一致的原则。
(一)语法一致原则:即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with,like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语,谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.除了两个仆人外,没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,谓语动词用单数,否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体,如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
语法一致 意义一致 就近原则
语法一致意义一致就近原则摘要:1.语法一致原则的解释与应用2.意义一致原则的解释与应用3.就近原则的解释与应用4.实例分析与实践正文:在英语学习中,理解句子结构和表达意义是非常重要的。
为了使句子更加清晰和易于理解,我们需要遵循一些原则。
本文将介绍三个关键原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近原则。
通过掌握这些原则,我们可以提高英语写作和口语表达能力。
首先,让我们了解语法一致原则。
语法一致原则指的是在同一个句子中,动词的时态、语态和主谓一致要保持一致。
例如:“He goes to the movies, she goes to the park.” 在这个例子中,两个动词的形式(goes)保持了一致。
遵循语法一致原则,我们的句子会更加规范和易于理解。
其次,意义一致原则是指在句子中,各个成分的意义要相互协调,避免产生歧义。
例如:“I gave the book to him.” 这个句子中的“him”应该改为“his”,以表示意义一致。
通过遵循意义一致原则,我们可以确保句子的表达更加准确和清晰。
最后,就近原则是指在涉及多个名词时,要根据名词在句子中的位置选择合适的冠词。
例如:“The boy whose bike is broken is my neighbor.” 在这个例子中,由于“boy”和“neighbor”在句子中相邻,所以我们使用“whose”来表示所有权。
遵循就近原则,我们的句子会更加简洁和自然。
在实际应用中,我们可以通过以下实例来加深对这三个原则的理解:原句:“The man who lives next door is a doctor, and the woman whose car is parked outside is a teacher.”修改后:“The man next door is a doctor, and the woman whose car is parked outside is a teacher.”通过遵循语法一致、意义一致和就近原则,我们可以将原句修改得更加简洁、清晰和自然。
初中英语语法--主谓一致与练习
一、主谓一致三原则:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数量上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2. 意义一致:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。
My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。
Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。
3. 就近一致:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。
There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、主谓一致常考题型1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。
The desk is Tom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。
Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。
The students are playing football on the playground. 学生正在操场上踢足球.2. many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。
Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
语法一致形式
what 从句是一个带有复数意义的 并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I say and do is (are) helpful for you. 我所说的所做的对你是有帮助的。
Between the two hills stands a monument 这座纪念碑矗立在两座小山之间。
My family was here two years ago. 两年前,我家搬到了这儿。
My family aren’t enjoying music. 我们家人都不喜欢音乐。
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
四班的同学就班长人选未达成一致。
E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication.
邮件和电话在日常交往中起着重要的作 用。
Mr. Green, together with a baby was
on the bus. 格林先生和一个孩子在车上。
6. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a (large) quantity of, the rest of+名词” 构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名 词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词 的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
地球表面的34是由水覆盖。
•the number of +可数名词复数,
The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
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6. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a (large) quantity of, the rest of+名词” 构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名 词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词 的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的34是由水覆盖。
4.算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单
数看待,其谓语动词常用单数形式。 Fifty-six divided by eight is seven. 56除以8等于7。 5.一些以 -ics结尾的学科名词如 mathematics, politics, physics 等, 都是 形式上的复数名词,实际上却为不可数名 词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词常用单数 形式。
而有些集体名词如family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等有时作单数看待,有时作复数看待, 主要根据意思来确定。 My family was here two years ago. 两年前,我家搬到了这儿。 My family aren’t enjoying music. 我们家人都不喜欢音乐。
注意:如果是more+名词的复数+than one这一结构时,后面的谓语动词要用 复数形式。 More students than one are here. 很多学生都在这儿。
Neither of the two sentences is correct . Everything around us is matter . (注意:none , neither, all ,any作主语时, 谓语可用单数,也可用复数, 具体取决于说话人的意思。) None of them owns/own a car . Neither of the boys are / is interested in geography. All are here. All that can be done has been done.
• • • •
用how much 提问则谓语采用单数 How many提问则谓语采用复数 How much is eight divided by two? How many are two times two ?
• 在“one of+复数名词who/which/that ” 引导的定语从句中关系代词 who/which/that 的先行词是靠近它的复 数名词,因此从句的动词应采用复数,而 当the (only) one of+复数名词 who/which/that ”引导的定语从句中关系 代词who/which/that 的先行词one,因此 从句的动词应采用单数 • This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. • She was the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.
Five minutes is enough . Four hundred francs is a lot of money .
3.若主语是书名、影片名、格言、剧名、 报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动 词通常用单数形式。 The United States is smaller than China. 美国比中国小。 4.表示数量的短语“one and a half ” 后边接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词要 用单数形式。 One and a half apples is left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果。
主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有 with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, along with, including, in addition to 等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用 单数形式; 若主语为复数,谓语动词用复数形式。 E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication. 邮件和电话在日常交往中起着重要的作 用。
(注意:what 引导主语从句时应注意其所 指的具体内容来确定谓语的单复数。) What we need is more time ,while what they need are more doctors and medicines
What she said is very important for us all. 她的话对我们都很重要。
what 从句是一个带有复数意义的 并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 What I say and do is (are) helpful for you. 我所说的所做的对你是有帮助的。
Between the two hills stands a monument 这座纪念碑矗立在两座小山之间。
• this kind of men谓语用单数 =men if this kind谓语用复数 =these kinds of men谓语用复数
如果种类不是一种而是多种,谓语动词应 为复数。 There are many kinds of pears. 梨有很多种。
二、逻辑意义一致原则---意义一致 意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主 语的意义一致。(因有时主语形式为单 数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数, 但意义为单数) 1.what, who, which, any, more, most, all等代词可以是单数,也可是复 数,主要靠意思来决定。
The headmaster and Party secretary is going abroad next month . Bread and butter is my usual breakfast
• 不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名
词即使有and连接多个并列主语。而谓 语动词仍然采用单数。 • Each man and each woman wants to know the thing.
如果主语是由“a kind of, a series(a species) of等+名词”构成,谓语动词 通常用单数形式。 Is this kind of bicycle made in Shanghai? 这种自行车是由上海制造的吗? 但是bicycles of this kind 或these kinds of bicycles作主语时后面的谓语 动词要用复数形式。 Books of this kind sell well. 这种书销售的好。
e.g. That it keeps rainng the tourists.
e.g. To be praised thing.
is
worries
(worry)
(be) a happy
e.g. When and where to hold the meeting _____ (have) not been decided. has
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 四班的同学就班长人选未达成一致。 Class 4 is on the third floor. 四班在三楼。
• 4、名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况, 一般指工厂、住宅等做主语,一般用 单数谓语动词,常见的省略结构有the doctor’s,the baker’s,the barber’s, • the carpenter’s,the zhang’s等。
由连接词and或both...and连接起来的合 成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。 The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. 当男女孩孩和听到这个消息后,都惊呆了。
①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人 或物时,它后面的谓语动词应用单数形式。 Our teacher and friend is Mr. Li.
Mr. Green, together with a baby was on the bus. 格林先生和一个孩子在车上。
5. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的 谓语动词用单数形式;如果它指的集体的 成员,其谓语动词用复数形式。people, police, cattle, 等名词都多用作复数。 The police are looking for the lost child. 警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
•the number of +可数名词复数, The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. 邀请了50人但一些因不同原因缺席。
the amount of+不可数名词, the quantity of +可数名词复数/不可数名 词,构成主语谓语采用单数。 而quantities of+可数名词复数/不可数名 词. Large amounts of +不可数名词,构成主 语谓语采用复数。 Large quantities of money were spent on the bridge. 建这座大桥花了很多钱。
I don’t think physics is easy to study. 我认为物理难学。 6.复数形式的单、复数同形的名词 作主语时,谓语动词的形式主要取决 于句子的意思。谓语动词用单数, 表示单数概念;谓语动词用复数,表示 复数概念。这类名词主要有means(方式、 方法), works(工厂), species(种类)等