翻译中的衔接与连贯页PPT文档

合集下载

(13 14)商务语篇翻译中的衔接与连贯解析

(13 14)商务语篇翻译中的衔接与连贯解析

二、衔接手段
包括:语法衔接(grammatical cohesion)和词汇衔接(lexical cohesion)
1. grammatical cohesion (语法衔接)
Halliday and Hasan (1976)identify four major devices with which to achieve grammatical cohesion, that is, reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction. 1.1. Reference / anaphora (照应) For example: The manager likes ice-cream and he has always an appetite for it.
Second, the decision-making process of Chinese companies is generally slow and time-consuming. This is because most Chinese companies keep to the “bottom-up, then top-down and then bottomup” decision making principle which involves many people at different levels. American companies, on the other hand, usually operate with quick decisions made by the top management. I hope American businessmen in China will understand these differences and adjust to the Chinese way. 译文

语篇翻译中的衔接和连贯PPT学习教案

语篇翻译中的衔接和连贯PPT学习教案
第8页/共52页
语内照应
When I met her, Mary looked very sad. 本例中人称代词“her”指代的是下文的
“Mary”。 Tom told a story but Mary did not believe it. 本例中的“it”反过来指上文中的“story”,
第32页/共52页
By birth he was an Englishman, by profession, a sailor, by instinct and training, a rebel.
He can and should help you; but he won’t. 这屋子冬暖夏凉。 他脾气很好。
英语的某些表示照应关系的词语具有形态的变 化,这也是英语有别于汉语的一个重要特点。
第18页/共52页
替代(教材P194)
名词性替代 动词性替代 小句性替代 条件性替代
第19页/共52页
名词性替代
名词性替代指的是用可充当名词词组中心 词的替代词取代另一个名词词组。
在英语中,常见的名词替代词有one, ones和 the same, the kind, the sort, such等。其中one 和ones最常见,用于替代上文语境出现过的 单数或复数意义的名词词组。Eg: His novel is a bad one for children.
上面例子中第2、3两句的he和his都可以与 第1句中的“John”构成照应关系,起到语 篇衔接的作用。
第11页/共52页
指示照应
指示照应是指用指示代词(如this、these等) 表示时间,和表示地点的副词(如here、 there)以及定冠词等来表示照应关系。

语篇翻译衔接与连贯

语篇翻译衔接与连贯

Chapter 7 语篇翻译——衔接与连贯语篇通常指一系列连续的语段或句子构成的语言整体。

它可以是独白、对话,也可以是众人交谈;可以说文字标志,也可以是诗歌、小说。

它可以是讲话,也可以是文章;短者一两句可成篇,长者可洋洋万言以上。

所以,可以说,无论是一句问候、一次谈话、一场论文答辩、一次记者招待会的问答,还是一张便条、一封书信、一份科研报告、一本文稿,都可以是语篇。

语篇包括“话语”(discourse)和“篇章”(text)。

7.1 衔接与连贯(Cohesion vs Coherence)衔接体现在语篇的表层结构上,是语篇的有形网络;连贯存在于语篇的底层,是语篇的无形网络。

衔接与连贯密不可分,衔接是实现语篇连贯的一个重要前提,但并不是说,连贯必须要以衔接为前提。

7.2 衔接(Cohesion)7.2.1 定义衔接是将语句聚合在一起的语法及词汇手段的统称,是语篇表层的可见语言现象。

e.g. Paris? I’ve always wanted to go there.7.2.2 分类衔接手段大致可分为语法衔接手段(grammatical cohesion)和词汇衔接手段(lexical cohesion)两种。

前者包括指称(reference)、替代(substitution)、省略(ellipsis)和关联/连接词(conjunction);(后者指复现(reiteration)和同现(collocation))。

(Halliday & Hason)这些语言手段形成一个有形的完整网络,使篇章的各组成部分有机地衔接起来,从而增强整个篇章的内聚力。

7.2.3英汉语衔接方式的差异1.就语句连接方式来说,英语多用连接词来连接,而汉语则通过意义来连接。

2.在语法方面,英语语法是显性的,而汉语语法则属隐性。

3.对英汉互译的启示。

7.2.4指称/照应(reference)指称是指一个语言成分与另一语言成分产生关联。

英汉翻译 英汉语篇的衔接、连贯与翻译25页PPT

英汉翻译 英汉语篇的衔接、连贯与翻译25页PPT
招来人们的反感轻蔑和嫉妒。——培根 22、业精于勤,荒于嬉;行成于思,毁于随。——韩愈
23、一切节省,归根到底都归结为时间的节省。——马克思 24、意志命运往往背道而驰,决心到最后会全部推倒。——莎士比亚
25、学习是劳动,是充满思想的劳动。——乌申斯基
英汉翻译 英汉语篇的衔接、连贯与翻 译
16、人民应该为法律而战斗,就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ,并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ,而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令,就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律,其真实含 义是财 富。— —爱献 生
谢谢!

高考英语英汉翻译中的衔接与连贯问题研究课件

高考英语英汉翻译中的衔接与连贯问题研究课件
要精通任何事情都需要极大的决心加自律精神。此外,一个人应对挫折 的能力也是影响他一生事业的一个重要因素。
▧b.无锡南临太湖,西金惠山,这两处都是当地的主要名胜。另外,古老的 京杭大运河和京沪铁路也途经这里。
Wuxi is bordered by Taihu Lake on the south, and Huishan Hill in the west. They are the major scenic spots there. In addtion, the ancient Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhou was dug to run through the city, as was the BeijingShanghai Railway.
说一个人自私自利,并非说他图私利,而是说他漠视他人的利益. (英语并列结构中的省略,汉语译文中可使用词汇重复来实现衔接。)
Clausal ellipsis
汉译英时,有时需要根据英语的行文习惯将省略的部分补齐, 以使译文结构完整、衔接自然。
d.她们轻轻划着船,船两边的水哗,哗,哗。顺手从水里捞上一颗菱 角来,菱角还很嫩很小,乳白色。顺手又丢到水里去。那颗菱角就又 安安稳稳浮在水面上生长去了。
Correlation:

▧cohesion =>coherence ?
! not necessary
! not sufficient
! helpful
The king died. The queen died of grief.
A: Can you go to Edinburgh tomorrow? B: B.E.A. pilots are on stike.

英语写作中的衔接与连贯讲义PPT(18张)

英语写作中的衔接与连贯讲义PPT(18张)
• 例3 反义词(antonym)
• Failure is the mother of success. • 例4 上 \下义词(hyponymy)
• It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke: hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victim.
and in class. As a result,(结果)when he graduates
from school he can do nothing. For (原因)everything
is different from what teachers told him. He may even be
称指代) was the candidate of the new Republic Party. This Party (指示指代)opposed the creation of new slave states. • 2. 替代substitution • This biscuits are stale. Get some fresh ones.(名词性替代) • “ if you have seen them so often, of course you know what they’re like.” • “I believe so,” Alice replied thoughtfully.(分句性替代) 3. 省略ellipsis (zero stitution) “how many hours a day did you do lessons? said Alice. ” I did that ten hours the first day,” said Tom.(分句性省略) • 4. 连接conjunction • A. 通过标点符号衔接 • I came, I saw , I conquered.( Julius Ceaser) • The sun is growing warm, frogs are waking in the marshes, planting time will be soon here. • B. 通过连接词衔接 • 5. 词汇衔接lexis • (Halliday /Hasan :Cohesion in English 1976)

CohesionandCoherence衔接与连贯

CohesionandCoherence衔接与连贯

语篇的衔接手段
语篇就好比是一棵大树 —— 一个条理清 晰,上下连贯(语篇特征)的整体,那 么语篇是靠什么形成的呢?
——靠衔接手段。
What is Cohesion?
Cohesion is a semantic concept, it refers to
relations of meaning that exist within the text.(Halliday & Hasan, 1976)
•二、Substitution and Ellipsis——省略和替 代
Substitution and ellipsis are one type of cohesion device which takes different forms.
当在下面一个句子重新出现时,被省略掉,或者被其他项目所替代的现象。 例如,上例中的ones就用以替代apples,如: ⑴A. Have you been playing football?
内照应——意义依赖于上下文的词项
下照应(后照应)——意义依赖于前述词项的词项 上照应(前照应)——意义依赖于后述词项的词项
李林是我的朋友。他是武汉人。(内指,‘他’回指 前文提到的‘李林’)
我讨厌你,李林!(内指,下指‘李林’) (手指某物),那是你画的吗?(外指)
Three Types of Reference:
2) Bob says he is going to join the Labour Party. It will be interesting to see whether he does (do). (Verbal Substitution)
3) A: ‘Bruce is a good actor.’ B: ‘I don’t think so.’ (clausal substitution)

中译英技巧-语篇衔接和连贯

中译英技巧-语篇衔接和连贯

2
这是完全必要的和完全正义的,全国人民已明白这各种必要性正义
性。(or:这是完全必要的和完全正义的,全国人民已明白这是完全
必要的和完全正义的)。
This is absolutely necessary and just, and the entire people know that it is so.
3
Same object:
Darcy took up a book; Miss Bingley did the same. (J.Austin: Pride and Prejudice) 达西拿起一本书来。彬格莱小姐也拿起一本书来。(蔡基 刚,2003:10)
1
Same attributive:
Using certain logical relation
01 冬天,(因为)在四周围都是山地的这里,(所以)看见太阳的日子真实 太少了。(但是)今天,难得雾是这么稀薄,空中融融地混合着金黄的阳 光,把地上的一切,好像也照上一层欢笑的颜色。
02
In winter, sunny days were scarce here, as it was surrounded by hills all around. Today, however, the fog was wonderfully thin and the air was filtered through with golden sunlight that tinted everything on the ground with a joyful hue.(《中国翻译》)
它无所事事,因为它不受任何残暴的虫子的摆布。 蚯蚓要挖土打动,蜜蜂要采蜜筑窝,蜘蛛要巧织迷 网,蚂蚁要聚财盘宝。
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

Example 2 凭窗站了一会儿,微微地觉 得凉意袭人。转过身来,忽然眼花缭乱, 屋子里的别的东西,都隐在光云里。
Standing at the window for a while, I felt a bit chill. As I turned round, my eyes suddenly dazzled and could not see things distinctly. Everything in the room was blurred by a haze of light.
回家变卖典质,父亲还了亏空;又借钱 办了丧事。这些日子,家中光景很是惨 淡,一半为了丧事,一半为了父亲赋闲。 丧事完毕,父亲要到南京谋事,我也要 回北京念书,我们便同行。
我与父亲不相见已 二年余了,我最不 能忘记的是他的背 影。
1. Though it was over two years since I saw my father, I can never forget my last view of his back.
It is more than two years since I last saw father, and what I can never forget is the sight of his back.
那年冬天,祖母死了,父亲 1. That winter my
的差使也交卸了,正是祸不
连贯:汉语句群中很多时候没有逻辑标记,读者自己 可以领会其中的逻辑关系,译成英语需要逻辑词,将 潜在的逻辑关系表面化
Example 1 :
当前最重要的任务是发展国民经济,提高人民生活水平。为了 实现这一目标,我们必须改革旧的经济体制,进一步解放生产 力;我们应当向世界敞开大门,学习其他国家的先进的科学和 技术。只要我们坚持改革开放政策,就一定能把我国建设成为 强大的社会主义国家。
Xuzhou, to go back with
him for the funeral.
2. Misfortunes never come singly. In the winter of more than two years ago, grandma died and father lost his job. I left Beijing for Xuzhou to join father in hastening home to attend my grandmother’s funeral.
grandmother died, and my
单行的日子,我从北京到徐
father’s official appointment
州,打算跟着父亲奔丧回家.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
was terminated, for
英语重演绎, 中文重归纳
troubles never come singly.
I went from Beijing to
为了逃避那一双双熟悉的眼睛,释放后经人 介绍他来到湖南南县一家木器厂做临时工。
In order to avoid those familiar eyes, he didn’t return to his hometown after he was released, but found an odd job in a furniture factory through introduction in Nanxian County, Hunan Province,
Our primary task at present is to develop national economy and promote the living standards of the people. Therefore, we must reform the old economic system so as to further liberate productive forces. Moreover, we should be open to the outside world so that we can learn advanced science and technology from other countries. And we can sure to turn China into a powerful socialist country so long as we stick to the reform and opening policy.
朱自清《背影》
我与父亲不相见已二年余了,我最不能 忘记的是他的背影。那年冬天,祖母死 了,父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单 行的日子,我从北京到徐州,打算跟着 父亲奔丧回家。到徐州见着父亲,看见 满院狼藉的东西,又想起祖母,不禁簌 簌地流下眼泪。父亲说,“事已如此, 不必难过,好在天无绝人之路!”
语篇与翻译2: 翻译中的衔接和 连贯
衔接:. 汉语的零前指 VS. 英语代词的补足 Example 1 我从此便整天的站在柜台里,专管我的
职务。虽然(我)没有什么失职,但(我)总觉得有 些单调,有些无聊。掌柜是一副凶脸孔,主顾也没有 好声气,教人活泼不得;只有孔乙己到店,(我)才 可以笑几声,所以(我)至今还记得。(《孔乙己》)
分析:汉语主题显著/ 零前指

译成英语时候,适当补充主语,构建英语句型,
成了不可缺少的步骤
From then on I stood all day behind the counter, fully engaged with my duties. Although I gave satisfaction at this work, I found it monotonous and futile. Our employer was a fiercelooking individual, and the customers were a morose lot, so that it was impossible to be gay. Only when Kong Yiji came to the tavern could I laugh a little, that is why I still remember him.
相关文档
最新文档