【免费下载】自考英汉翻译教程重点
自考《英汉翻译教程》第一章习题答案以及考试重点
《英汉翻译教程》第一章习题答案一、Bill Morrow's Birthday Party比尔•莫罗的寿宴比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次者赶上在北京过生日。
每次，主人总要为他举行宴会，周恩来总理也出席。
他还记得第一次生日宴会的情景：我在饭店吃饭，最后总是吃冰激凌。
我吃得津津有味，惹得那些女服务员发笑。
这次生日宴会，周恩来在场。
快到结束的时候，他站起来，走到柜台前，要了一杯冰激凌，放在我面前——别忘了，他可是总理呀！他对我说：“这是为您准备的。
”我说：“没想到您会说英语呀。
”他笑了起来，接着说：“一点点。
”一面说着，一面用食指和拇指比划着。
后来有时候我们单独在一起，他就跟我说英语。
“这是为您准备的。
”这句话，比尔•莫罗在许多难忘的场合听到过——比如在他乘般沿大运河南下的时候，从旁边驶过的每一条般都拉响汽笛，表示敬意。
再比如参观南京长江大桥；在修这座桥以前，要靠渡般在这里运送火车过江。
参观大桥的时候，天快黑了，人家给了他一把椅子，请他坐下等一会儿。
忽然电灯全亮了，照出了整个大桥的轮廓。
“这是为您准备的。
”他不满地说道：“你们不应该费这么多电，就为了让我高兴。
”人家对他说：“全南京也都可以欣赏嘛。
”比尔•莫罗想了解一些新的情况，周恩来就安排北京大学的专家向他作介绍。
比尔说：“我在国内不过是个流浪汉，而你们在这里却把我当成一位要人。
”周恩来却说：“您做过些什么，我们是知道的。
”二、The Story of My Life (Excerpt 2)我的生活（摘录2）海伦•凯勒我感到有人走近，于是伸出了手，以为是把手伸向母亲。
不知是谁抓住了我的手，把我拉过去，紧紧地搂在她的怀里。
就是她教我认识了世上的各种事物，而且不仅如此，她还疼爱我。
老师来了以后，第二天早上就把我领到她的屋里，给了我一个布娃娃。
娃娃是帕金斯盲童学校的学生送我的，是劳拉•布里几曼把他打扮起来的，这都是我后来才知道的。
我拿着娃娃玩了一会儿之后，沙利文小姐就在我手心里慢慢地写了几个字母：“d-o-l-l”（娃娃）。
自考英汉翻译教程重点
英汉翻译教程一、课程介绍《英汉翻译教程》是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。
英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英，是一门实践性很强的课程。
本课程除简单介绍中外翻译理论知识外，主要是通过对照阅读，引导应考者研究英汉两种语言的差异，找出英汉互译的规律，用以指导实践。
本课程与英语专业其他课程相辅相成。
它作为一门实践课，有赖于英语专业其他课程为应考者打下良好的英语基础，使应考者掌握一定的词汇量和语法知识，初步达到阅读英文原著的水平，并有有定的写作能力，因而具备从事英汉翻译的条件。
另一方面，通过大量的翻译实践和语言对比研究，应考者可以进一步认识英汉两种语言各自的特点。
例如，汉语多重复实词，主谓搭配较松多用并列结构；英语英多用代称，主谓搭配较紧，多用主从结构，等等。
这是本课程的重点。
但在翻译时，往往因受原文的影响，从容易忽略在译中体现上述特点。
这也就是本课程难学之处。
但通常学习本课程，了解了英汉两种语言各自的特点，并能在翻译实践中恰当地加以运用，定会提高使用两种语言的能力和翻译水平。
这对于应考者打好英语基础，学好英语专业其他课程，也是有益的。
本课程采取单元教学，共分十个单元。
单元中每课有对照阅读和练习，并附有提示和解说。
每单元有一小结，重点说明通过语言对比可以看出的英汉两种语言各自的特点。
二、学习要求1.熟悉英汉两种语言各自的特点；2.能将中等难度的英语文章译成汉语，内容准确、内容流畅；3.能将比较简易的汉语文章译英语，用词得当，语法平稳。
三、试题类型：第一题：选择题（30分）。
80%来自于课本中每单元后的小结，非常重要，一定要看。
考点：看似简单的句子的翻译、俚语的翻译、翻译常识等。
第二题：短语翻译：英译汉、汉译英。
后面我们给的补充材料中，会包括80%的题。
第三题：改错题：英译汉、汉译英改错。
第四题：段落翻译四、课程内容概要：第一单元故事1．故事选篇。
其特点是：以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（10）
3.A powerful indictment of America‘s disregard of ecology， Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides， especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring. 不久以后，在1962年雷切尔。
卡林所著，名为<沉默的春天>⼀书问世了><沉默的春天>有⼒的控诉了美国之忽视⽣态，它主要是针对⼤规模使⽤农药——特别是嘀滴涕。
1965年⼜发⽣了⼀件诉讼，其对环境之重要意义，不亚于<沉默的春天>之出版。
4. strip mining， noise pollution， offshore oil drilling， waste disposal. Aerosol cans， and nonreturnable beverage containers. 露天采矿，噪⾳污染，深海钻油，废物排放，喷雾器罐及⼀次性饮料容器。
5. in fact， there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents of economic growth in our energy-consumming society. The problem is to balance the needs of the environment against those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cost of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend. 实际上，⼈类⽣活的⽅⽅⾯⾯都同这个争议密切相关。
自考教材英汉互译教程
自考教材英汉互译教程
自考教材《英汉互译教程》是一本专门针对英语和汉语之间的翻译进行教学的教材。
该教材主要涵盖了翻译的基本理论和实践技巧，旨在帮助学生提高英汉互译的能力。
该教材的内容主要包括翻译的基本概念、翻译的标准和原则、翻译的方法和技巧、以及各类文本的翻译实践等。
通过学习该教材，学生可以了解英汉两种语言的差异和文化背景，掌握翻译的基本技巧和方法，提高英汉互译的准确性和流畅性。
此外，该教材还配有大量的练习和例句，帮助学生巩固所学知识和提高实际操作能力。
同时，该教材还注重培养学生的跨文化意识和跨文化交际能力，以适应全球化背景下对翻译人才的需求。
总之，《英汉互译教程》是一本实用的自考教材，对于想要提高英汉互译能力的学生来说是非常值得学习的。
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记(2)
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（2）18. it would have been difficult to find a happier child thanI was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me，and for the first time longed for a new day to come.当那感概万千的一天快要结束时，我躺在自己的小床里，感受这一天带给我的那些快乐，我觉得没有人比我更幸福了。
一生中第一次，我期待着新一天的来临。
19. 一切旧的传统观念，一切阻止社会进步和人性发展的不合理的制度。
All outmoded traditional thinking；any irrational system which obstructs social progress or human development.20. 我觉得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心，又觉得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的笔为自己伸冤一样。
I felt as if my mind was being whipped，as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writing to redress the injustices it had suffered.21.另一个地方On another occasion.22. 长得好看的人用不着浓妆艳抹，而我的文章就像一个丑八怪，不打扮，看起来倒还顺眼些。
Physically attractive people don‘t need heavy make-up.Though my writing resembles an ugly monster，it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.22. 我最恨那些盗名欺世，欺骗读者的谎言。
英汉翻译基础教程考试重点总结
英汉翻译基础教程考试重点总结第一单元翻译概论1翻译就是接受语言复制出与原语信息最接近的自然等值体---首先是就意义而言,其次是就风格而言.Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style.2按翻译技巧来分: 直译、意译、音译Literal translation does not mean word-for-word translation. Superficially speaking, it means ―not to alter the original words and sentences‖, strictly speaking, it strives ―to keep the sentiments and style of the original‖.例如：paper tiger—纸老虎Free translation is an alternative approach generally used to convey the meaning and spirit of the original without trying to copy its sentence patterns of figures of speech.例如：Adam’s apple—喉结；at sixes and sevens—乱七八糟It rains cats and dogs—大雨滂沱3按翻译原则方向来分: 异化翻译（Foreignization）和归化翻译（Domestication ）归化的例子：as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠at a stone’s throw 一箭之遥wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪5 傅雷：1951年在《高老头重译本序》中提出―以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在形似而在神似。
2000年—2012年自考《英汉翻译教程》翻译理论汇总
12年4月B. This part consists of five incomplete statements, each followed by four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.11.与鸠摩罗什的译文相比，玄奘的译文更______。
A.倾向于直译B. 倾向于意译C.倾向于音译D.倾向于音意结合12.______在1 954年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出：“我们对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。
翻译工作者必须具有高度的责任感。
”A.傅雷B.茅盾C.郭沫若D.王佐良13. According to Eugene A. Nida, the extent to which the forms must be changed in order topreserve the meaning will depend upon the ______ distance between languages.A. linguisticB. culturalC. structuralD. linguistic and cultural14.原文: It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will notbelieve you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.译文：告诫成年子女不要犯错误，那是没有用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯错误本身也是受教育的一个重要部分。
翻译本句时，译者运用的主要翻译方法是______。
《英汉翻译教程》高等教育自学考试(本科)考纲解读Unit 1 Stories
Unit 1 Stories考纲内容1.故事选篇。
其特点是: 以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。
情节具体，文笔细腻生动。
2.语言对比：(1) 代词英语代词用得很多，汉语实词用得多。
英语可先出代词，后出实词，汉语则相反。
（2）形容词与副词注意搭配，一种语言可用的搭配，不一定能用于另一种语言。
有时形容词或副词汉词时可单独处理。
3. 考核要求翻译中有处理以下问题的能力（1）所选故事的特点及理解方面的难点（2）代词（3）形容词与副词单元知识解读一、故事文章故事文章一般分为两种：以第一人称谈自己或以第三人称记述别人的事迹。
这类文章一般会是真人真事，能够引起读者阅读的兴趣。
文字生动活泼，文笔细腻生动。
翻译这类文章时就忠实原文，译文应通顺，翻译可具有一定的灵活性，不必过于拘泥于原文的句子结构。
Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way towardthe shore with plummet and sounding-line and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was without compass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbour was. “light! Give me light!” was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour. (p10)你是否曾有过这样的经历---在海上航行遇上了大雾，周围一片白，好像着实把你关在一个黑暗的地方，大船上的人又紧张又着急，一面用铅锤和测深绳探测深浅，一面向岸边慢慢驶去，你的心也怦怦直跳，生怕出事？我在开始接受教育之前，就像那条船，只是我没有罗盘、没有测深绳，也无法知道离海港有多远。
自考英语二——翻译中翻英重点
1.The purpose of making a decision is to achieve organizational goals.2.But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives.3.For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents,and the like.4.From a system’s point of view, problems have multiple causes, and decisions have intendedand unintended consequences.5.Employers expect job applicants to be pleasant in personality and hard working.6.A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter.7.Only in this way can you find a well-paid job.8.Decision makers should make a best guess at what the future will be.9.We know nothing about events which happen once objects pass this boundary.10.Einstein’s theory of relativity is the only theory which can explain the phenomenon.11.This process of shrinking is so intense that a black hole results.12.But in theory, matter must behave very differently in a very different manner inside the blackhole.13.Mankind may one day meet this fate.14.The more we learn about other people, the better we understand their ideas.15.Maybe another huge black hole is swallowing up stars at very rapid speed.16.The star will explode when its density increases to some extent.17.Can you imagine how strong the gravitational pull of a black hole is?18.Supernovas were reported by astronomers as early as in the seventeenth century.19.Euthanasia can really relieve dying patients from their suffering.20.Affected with a serious disease, he knew there was no hope of recovery,21.Each time the program is shown, it starts a nationwide debate on this subject.22.The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia.23.In the vast majority of euthanasia cases, the patient doesn’t really want to die.24.They feel that they should also take the quality of life into account.25.Not all patients would receive such a high level of individual care.26.At the end of 1994, the British Government introduced new measures to help protectdomestic workers from abuse by their employers.27.Other, less dramatic, cases are equally deserving of attention.28.Many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse.29.Human rights organizations say that putting prisoners in chains is not only inhumane but alsoineffective.30.What it does is to punish prisoners for the ills of society.31.It is the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.32.The British government introduced new measures to help protect domestic workers fromabuse by their employers.33.Many domestic servants are exploited and abused by their employers.34.She was convicted of murder and executed.35.Folk music expresses peace, friendship and help.36.Electronics did, in fact, make possible sounds that no instrument up to that time couldproduce.37.Y ou can almost tell this type of composer by his fruitful output.38.Music simply wells out of him.39.The modern music stresses the audience’s participation in the performance.40.The three music forms are musically and culturally distinct.41.Turn on the radio, and you will hear nice folk music.42.The American folk music in the 1960s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love andhope.43.He has a gift for music, but when it comes to drawing he knows nothing.44.Franz Schubert is a spontaneously inspired composer who was fired public imagination most.45.The robots used in nuclear power plants prevent human personnel from being exposed toradioactive materials.46.It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision.47.Robots differ greatly from automatic machines.48.These networks are always on the alert for warning signs.49.It is not yet known whether robots will one day control our human activities.50.Two of the biggest earthquakes that were ever reported took place in China and Alaska.51.Robots can perform industrial tasks without human intervention.52.People in the industrialized countries are increasingly concerned with opportunities forleisure.53.The term “quality of life” is easy to understand but difficult to define.54.We acquire interests in a variety of things and subjects from our families, schools, jobs, andthe mass media.55.Generally speaking, those with better education may tend to seek recreation and personaldevelopment in leisure.56.Schools usually set as their educational objective the attainment of a balanced developmentof a person.57.Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste for it is the most difficult thing to control.58.Y ou must push away many temptations or your schedule is useless.59.Whether a person can manage his time well is very important for his study.60.In advanced industrial societies, people are attaching increasing importance to paid holidays.61.The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time.62.The effects of rapid travel on the body are much greater than we realize.63.Now that we understand what Jet Lag is, we can go some way to overcoming it.64.In time the physiologic system will reset itself, but it does take time.65.Normally the two internal biological timers are in step.66.It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.67.Even with the greatest effect, our span of attention fluctuates.68.The angry man forgets the pain of injury; the fearful man finds it difficult to enjoy pleasureand the tense or anxious person may react violently to the smallest of matters.69.Jet Lag is due to changes in the body’s physiological regulatory mechanisms.70.A nation is classified as aq aged one when it has 7 percent or more of its people aged 65 orabove.71.Babies are more of a liability than the inactive aged.72.Successful parenting begins by communication to children that they belong, and are loved forno other reason than just because they exist.73.Self-esteem is that people think about themselves.74.When feelings about the self have been threatened and self-esteem is low, everythingbecomes more of an effort.75.The foundation of a healthy family depends on the ability of the parents to communicatemessage of love and trust to their children.76.Maintaining a healthy self-esteem is a challenge that continues throughout life.77.The winner in the November general election is certain to be either the Democratic or theRepublic nominee.78.A major-party nominee has the critical advantage of support from the party faithful.79.More than two-thirds of the nation’s voters support their party’s presidential candidate.80.Candidates try to project a strong leadership image.81.To win the presidency, a candidate must receive at least 270 votes.82.How does it happen that the two-party system is so strongly rooted in American politics?83.Most of the major medical advances have been based on a background of animal researchand development.84.It would be irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughlytested on animals.puter models can be used to simulate the way that cells work in our body.86.It is sometimes said that the cat “takes all and gives nothing”.87.It is the dog who can teach us lessons of loyalty and devotion that no cat ever knows.88.What we would spend on a cat would pay for a child’s medical care or basic education.89.New technology makes it easy for us to find alternative methods of testing on animals.90.Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth.91.Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to the ability to interact andcommunicate with others.92.Daydreaming improves a person’s ability to better adapted to practical, immediate concerns,and to solve everyday problems93.Many successful people made full use of daydreams and gained great achievement.94.The more people appeared in your dreams, the happier you felt when you awoke.95.Our moods in the morning relate to our sleep and dreams the previous night.96.In the past two decades, research has greatly expanded our knowledge about sleep and dream.97.Scientists have discovered that daydreaming is a means of effective relaxation.98.Daydreaming may enhance creative thinking ability.99.Many successful people actually day dreamed their achievements long before they realizedthem.100.The police have taken a detailed and comprehensive investigation into the case.101.When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing otherwise we should not do it.102.So far as I know, she was the first person to define the essential difference between work and labor.103.If what he enjoy doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance, he can’t be happy. 104.Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.105.The difference between work and labor does not lie in the difference between mental and manual jobs.106.To him, leisure means freedom from compulsion.107.It was there that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder.108.Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power to convince her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.109.This recording revealed that the teacher was a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion.110.The government believe certain books to be subversive of its apartheid society.111.This is the effect of apartheid in terms of the society.112.She was calm in front of the attacker.113.In some countries in Africa, it is illegal for white and black to play chess together.114.They believe it was in the car that she activated the recorder.115.She bravely convinced the attacker not to commit crimes.116.I have seen some white children would stand in one of the mixed buses rather than sit beside anyone who was not white.117.The fastest growing industry in America today may be the continuing professional education of adults.118.Now many major employers are testing the knowledge and abilities of graduates applying for jobs.119.Economics, student need and our new understanding of how people learn are bound to break the monopoly of traditional education.petition and choice are already beginning to infiltrate the school system.121.The computer may be regarded as a substitute for intelligence instead of an extension of it. 122.The poet can help to supply the subconscious with material to enhance its sensitivity.123.Our biggest need in computer technology is not for increased speed and reduced size.124.It is important in the computerized age that we should not mistake data for wisdom.。
英汉翻译教程 自考英语Unit_1_Lesson_3
Important sentences and phrases
唯其不是文学家，我就不受文学规律的限 制。 我不是文学家，不属于任何派别，所以我 就不受限制。 As long as I’m not a man of letters, I’m not subject to any rules of literature. Tip：唯其：正因为 受。。限制：be subjected to
4. man of letters 文学家 5.我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。 A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the public with their lies. D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
我说我写作如同在生活，又说作品的最高境 界是写作同生活的一致，是作家同人的一致， 主要的意思是不说谎。 When I say that I write like I live, and that the highest ideal a work of literature can attain is to be at one with life, and that an author should be able to identify with his readers, I basically mean that books and their authors should never tell lies.
英语本科段自学考试英汉翻译教程Unit_4_Economy[1].doc
![英语本科段自学考试英汉翻译教程Unit_4_Economy[1].doc](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/91299d0e15791711cc7931b765ce050876327502.png)
Unit 4 EconomyLesson 10 (E—C)A Golbal EconmyRsident Clinton realized—as all of us must—that today’s economy is global. We live in an era in which information, goods and capital sped around the globe, every hour of every day. Whther we like it or not, all of our fortunes are tied together. We are truly interdependent.America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline. The great promise of trade is its potential to promote mutual prosperity—and to strengthen the bonds between sovereign nations.The U.S. and China both demonstrate the potential of trade to improve the lives of our people. Y ou know better than I the great achievements of the Chinese economy over the past two decades. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent. The most populosus country in the world, China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations. By 1993 China’s exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion. China had become the world’s tenth largest exporter.Since 1978, when China began opening its econnomy to imcreased foreign investment and trade, aggregate outpou has more than doubled. The strongest growth has occurred in the coastal areas near Hong Kong and opposite Taiwan, where foreign investment and modern production methoods have spurred productin of both domestic and export goods. Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.The numbers are interesting, but how has this affected the people of China? In the last decade, telephone connections rose more than 60%. Electrical production more than doubled to 621 million kilowatt hours. In short, China has improved the economic well-being of its people.The people of the United States also have experienced the benefits of world trade. Since World War II, the U.S. has been the world’s largest econnomy and, in most years, the world’s largest eporter.But the importance of trade in our economy had exploded in the past three decades. In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the U.S. economy. Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high. In just the last seven years, jobs supported bu U.S. exports (goods and services) have risen by 4 million, to a total of 11 million. That’s almost one out of ten American jobs. Last year U.S. trade equalled $1.8 trillion dollars.Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. China will continue to depend upon lucrative export markets to earn the foreign exchange it needs to develop and grow. At the same time, China’s imports will supply the much needed machinery and technology to fuel its continued development.For the United States, new commercial opportunities will grow most rapidly in the emerging markets. We estimate that three quarters of new eport opportunities over the next twenty years that’s an incredible $1.9 trillion in potential exports—will come in the emerging markets of Asia and Latin America. This means jobs for American workers and a higher standard of living for the American people.(Ecerpted form “Remarks by Ambassador Kantor at the University of International Business and Economics”, 1995)译文：一个全球性的经济正如每个人必须认识到的那样，克林顿总统认识到当今的经济具有全球性质。
自考,英语翻译重点
自考,英语翻译重点自考,英语翻译重点Translation ConclusionUnit 1 storieshis youth had passed like a screaming eagle～1. He was thirty-six～leaving him old and disillusioned.他已三十六岁～青春像一路鸣叫的鹰～早已一闪而逝～留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
2. average height 普通高度3. gleaming eyes 两眼闪着光辉4. in his middle twenties 大概是二十五六岁的年龄5. ignoring the chair offered him～ Chu The stood squarely beforethis youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was～ what he had done in the past～ how he had fled from Yunnan～ talked with Sun Yat-sen～ been repulsed by Chen Tu-hsiu in Shanghai～ and had come to Europe to find a new way of life for himself and a new revolutionary road for China.朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子～端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十岁的青年面前～用平稳的语调～说明自己的身份和经历: 他怎样逃出云南～怎样会见孙中山～怎样在上海被陈独秀拒绝～怎样为了寻求自己的新的生活方式和中国的新的革命道路而来到欧洲。
6. When both visitors had told their stories～ Chou smiled a little～said he would help them find rooms～ and arrange for them to jointhe Berlin Communist group as candidates until their application had beensent to China and an answer received.两位来客把经历说完后～周恩来微笑着说～他可以帮他们找到住的地方～替他们办理加入党在柏林的支部的手续～在入党申请书寄往中国而尚未批准之前～暂时作候补党员。
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）
自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）自考“英汉翻译教程”复习笔记（11）20. 外汇帐户，外汇管理条例，Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.21. 合营企业所需原材料，燃料，配套件等，应尽先在中国购买，也可由合营企业界自筹外汇，直接在国际市场上购买。
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels，auxiliary equipment，etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.22. 外籍职工，个人所得税，不可抗力，全国人民代表大会Foreign employee. Individual income tax. Force majeure. National People‘s Congress.UNIT 10 SPEECHES1. distinguished guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.诸位贵宾。
谨代表。
盛情款待。
2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.我在外国从来没有听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐。
3. gracious and eloquent remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.盛情和雄辩的讲话。
自考英教本翻译英汉互译重点句子
英汉互译教程总复习1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries.联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。
2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday.这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。
3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again.附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。
4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。
We should work against the clock.5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings.这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。
6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them.他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。
7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind.一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。
8．Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。
9．人们笑贫不笑娼。
People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes.10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。
11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them.他们拼着命地逃跑。
12．People were born survivors.人的生存能力是与生俱来的。
2000年—2012年自考《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总
2000年—2012年自考《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总2012年4月II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each)A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet.16. gamma rays 17. the New Testament18. ecologist 19. entrepreneurial spirit20. court of appeals 21. Royal Society22. a letter of patent 23. consecutive interpretation24. instrument of ratification 25. the six-party talksB. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet.26.诺贝尔奖获得者27.福利基金28.国际经济合作29.珠江三角洲30.北洋军阀政府31.民族团结32.金融服务业33.大陆架34.世界文化遗产35.联合国教科文组织2011年7月A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.16.a slender man 17.country-wide trade 18.the Ethiopian highlands19.economic policy 20.great-grandmother 21.open sea22.part-time river 23.mineral oil 24.environmental law 25.welcoming banquetB.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.26.逃学27.军阀政府28.九龙壁29.基本方针30.游记31.祥林嫂32.排队33.大陆架34.董事会35.深刻影响2011年4月16. appreciation dinner 17. birth defect18. applied entomology 19. member state20. maternity hospital 21. over-the-counter medicine22. green belt 23. inland waters24. room temperature 25. debt chainB. Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into English.26.中低纬度27.双向贸易28.噪音污染29.版权保护30.客串演出31.福利基金32.社会保障33.国际竞争力34.候机室35.防火墙2010.4II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)16. anti-doping agency 17. Achilles’ heel18. enforcement power 19. geologist20. entrepreneurial spirit 21. life imprisonment22. duty-free goods 23. the New Testament24. global positioning system 25. blue chipsB. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)26.琉璃瓦27.残奥会28.丝绸之路29.旅游旺季30.余震31.中国红十字会32.履行义务33.知识密集型产业34.多边外交35.同声传译09.7二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）16. full diplomatic relations 17. graduate school18. racial discrimination 19. bilateral trade20. a major economy 21. sustainable development22. traffic congestion 23. the international community24. gene mutation 25. income tax（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）26. 全国人民代表大会27. 北洋军阀政府28. 劳动密集型产业29. 固定资产30. 外交部31. 副教授32. 国民生产总值33. 自然遗产34. 全球化35. 生物工程09.4Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)16. exclusive right 17. A1-Qaeda18. livestock raiser 19. epicenter20. bear market 21. arable land22. CPI 23. historic sites24. bull’s-eye 25. urban dwellerB. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)26.文学界27.节能减排28.火炬接力29.一项长期的战略任务30.法律咨询31.反腐败32.畅销书33.自然资源34.海峡两岸关系35.双赢08.7II. Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each）A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.16. VIP 17. arteries of communication18. annual flood 19. global economy20. maternal grandmother 21. Gone with the Wind22. in one’s ea rly teens 23. the Arctic Ocean24. to enact legislation 25. magnificent dinnerB. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.26. 大思想家27. 第一次世界大战28. 文物29. 宜农荒地30. 儿童文学31. 初冬32. 中国大戏院33. 可持续发展战略34. 平等互利原则35. 归根到底08.4Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation(20 points,1 point for each)A. Directions:Put the following words and phrases into Chinese and write your answer on the answer sheet.16. man of letters 17.Roman Catholic cathedral18.maternal grandfather 19.mineral deposits20.offshore oil exploration 21.arteries of communication22.director-general 23.the Clean Air Act Amendment 24.Olympic mascot 25. global warming B．Directions:Put the following words and phrases into English and write your answer on the answer sheet.26.外汇交易27.手语28.荒漠29.海洋旅游业30.水产品31.调解或仲裁32.上海合作组织33.食品安全34.中共十七大35.志愿者07.7二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）16. candidate 17. to build canals18. wild west 19. surveyor general20. aggregate output 21. ownership22. registered capital 23. popular science24. the World Health Organization 25. environmental quality assessment （二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）26. 工业产权27. 交通阻塞28. 生态平衡29. 平民文学30. 故宫博物馆31. 合营企业32. 丝绸之路33. 希望工程34. 可持续发展35. 国际经济合作06.7二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）16. environmental law 17. industrial revolution18. the gold rush 19. floods and droughts20. British Association for the Advancement of Science21. foreign exchange 22. self-reliance23. infrastructure 24. copyright protection25. World Cultural Heritage（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）26. 国民生产总值27. 福利工厂28. 战争与和平29. 新民主主义30. 十五世纪初31. 儿童文学32. 双边贸易33. 知识经济34. 个人所得税35. 发展中国家07.406.405.7二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）16. artery of communication 17. sounding-line18. per capita 19. copyright proprietor 20. pitch lake 21. summer resort22. BCCI 23. bell-boy24. the Blue Nile 25. infertile eggs（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）26. 巴黎和会27. 单产28. 梵蒂冈29. 个人所得税30. 可持续发展31. 阿克苏32. 辛亥革命33. 专属经济区34. 太庙35. 落汤鸡05.4II. Word and Phrase Translation(20 points,1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.16．articles of association 17．telecommunications 18．come into force 19．poisonous chemicals 20．Vatican 21．the science of biotic control 22．academic exchanges 23．weapons of mass destruction 24．Undermanned 25．instrument of ratification B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.26．诺贝尔奖获得者27．奥运会28．北洋军阀政府29．预算30．生产力31．御花园32．基金会33．渔场34．振兴中华35．人类文明的发祥地04.7Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each)A. Direction: Put the following phrases into Chinese.11.tangible assets 12.the Nile Delta13.a summer resort 14.job market15.CEO 16.the realm of cyberspace 17.strong currency ser typesetting19.financial executive 20.child abuseB. Direction: Put the following phrases into English.21.集装箱港口22.汉白玉23.世界贸易组织24.可持续发展25.净利润26.永久正常贸易关系27.环保革命28.水陆交通29.议案30.军事法庭04.4Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.16. Premier 17. foreign exchange dealings 18. financial deficit 19. arbitration agency20. regional autonomy 21. waste disposal22. automobile components 23. sum total24. inland waters 25. ASEANB. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.26. 金字塔27. 中国公民28. 维生素29. 载人飞船30. 生态环境31. 世界贸易组织32. 平等互利的原则33. 内燃机34. 版权保护35. 可耕地03.7Ⅱ.Phrase Translation：(20 points,1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.11.人均12.可再生资源13.专属经济区14.统一战线15.北伐战争16.故宫博物院17.单位面积产量18.归根到底19.君主专制制度20.董事会B. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.mon ground e into force23.strip mining 24.The European Union25.the international community 26.international bank lending bor intensive industry 28.knowledge economy29.coastal erosion 30.subsistence agriculture03.4Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points ,1 point for each)A.Directions: put the following phrases into Chinese.16. natural enemies of insects17.consumer goods 18.sedimentation basins 19.footbridge20.keen interest 21.subtropical plant 22.the Nile Delta 23.social security system24.pension fund 25.financial institutionsB.Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26. “三个代表”重要思想27.辛亥革命28.淡水资源29.纬度30.郁金香31.首相32.百科全书33.失业率34.知识产权35.集装箱02.7Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points,1 point for each).Write the answer on the Answer Sheet.A.Directions:Put the following phrases into English.11.丝绸之路12.社会动荡13.区域自治14.和平共处五项原则15.仲裁机构16.个人所得税17.联合国海洋法公约18.可持续发展19.大陆架20.半封建半殖民地社会B.Directions:Put the following phrases into Chinese.21.national security 22.on behalf of23.copyright protection 24.energy consuming society 25.Per capita GNP 26.The World Trade Organization 27.self made career 28.drainage systembor Union 30.crude oil02.4Ⅱ.Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.16.a man of letters 17.the gold rush18.national census 19.sustainable development20.arid gully 21.science fiction22.like a drowned rat 23.applied entomology24.an insect-free world mon groundB. Directions: Put the following phrases into English.26.手语27.《新民主主义论》28.北伐29.市政府30.跨国公司31.丝绸之路32.泰晤士河33.安理会34.大陆架 35.祝酒词2001年4月II. Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)A. Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.16.the Industrial Revolution 17.joint venturebor intensive industries 19.court of appeals20.registered capital 21.force majeure22.Universal Copyright Convention 23.per capita24.internal combustion engine 25.economic globalizationB. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.26.自然资源27.营业执照28.修正案29.香港特别行政区30.保险公司31.原料32.太和殿33.金融危机34.原油35.国民生产总值2000年4月Ⅱ.Phrase Translation（20 points, 1 point for each）A、Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese.11.stock market12.overseas investment13.trade surplus14.mean temperature15.continedtal shelf16.freedom from noise pollutionrmation superhighway18.full diplomatic relations19.the principle of equality20.books on popular scienceB、Directions: Put the following phrases into English.21.全国人民代表大会22.市场经济23.珠江三角洲24.纯利润25.故宫博物馆26.世界贸易组织27.和平共处28.个人所得税29.版权公约30.社会稳定。
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对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电，力根通保据过护生管高产线中工敷资艺设料高技试中术卷资，配料不置试仅技卷可术要以是求解指，决机对吊组电顶在气层进设配行备置继进不电行规保空范护载高与中带资负料荷试下卷高问总中题体资，配料而置试且时卷可，调保需控障要试各在验类最；管大对路限设习度备题内进到来行位确调。保整在机使管组其路高在敷中正设资常过料工程试况中卷下，安与要全过加，度强并工看且作护尽下关可都于能可管地以路缩正高小常中故工资障作料高；试中对卷资于连料继接试电管卷保口破护处坏进理范行高围整中，核资或对料者定试对值卷某，弯些审扁异核度常与固高校定中对盒资图位料纸置试，.卷保编工护写况层复进防杂行腐设自跨备动接与处地装理线置，弯高尤曲中其半资要径料避标试免高卷错等调误，试高要方中求案资技，料术编试交写5、卷底重电保。要气护管设设装线备备置敷4高、调动设中电试作技资气高，术料课中并3中试、件资且包卷管中料拒含试路调试绝线验敷试卷动槽方设技作、案技术，管以术来架及避等系免多统不项启必方动要式方高，案中为；资解对料决整试高套卷中启突语动然文过停电程机气中。课高因件中此中资，管料电壁试力薄卷高、电中接气资口设料不备试严进卷等行保问调护题试装，工置合作调理并试利且技用进术管行，线过要敷关求设运电技行力术高保。中护线资装缆料置敷试做设卷到原技准则术确：指灵在导活分。。线对对盒于于处调差，试动当过保不程护同中装电高置压中高回资中路料资交试料叉卷试时技卷，术调应问试采题技用，术金作是属为指隔调发板试电进人机行员一隔，变开需压处要器理在组；事在同前发一掌生线握内槽图部内 纸故，资障强料时电、，回设需路备要须制进同造行时厂外切家部断出电习具源题高高电中中源资资，料料线试试缆卷卷敷试切设验除完报从毕告而，与采要相用进关高行技中检术资查资料和料试检，卷测并主处且要理了保。解护现装场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
2
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电，力根通保据过护生管高产线中工敷资艺设料高技试中术卷资，配料不置试仅技卷可术要以是求解指，决机对吊组电顶在气层进设配行备置继进不电行规保空范护载高与中带资负料荷试下卷高问总中题体资，配料而置试且时卷可，调保需控障要试各在验类最；管大对路限设习度备题内进到来行位确调。保整在机使管组其路高在敷中正设资常过料工程试况中卷下，安与要全过加，度强并工看且作护尽下关可都于能可管地以路缩正高小常中故工资障作料高；试中对卷资于连料继接试电管卷保口破护处坏进理范行高围整中，核资或对料者定试对值卷某，弯些审扁异核度常与固高校定中对盒资图位料纸置试，.卷保编工护写况层复进防杂行腐设自跨备动接与处地装理线置，弯高尤曲中其半资要径料避标试免高卷错等调误，试高要方中求案资技，料术编试交写5、卷底重电保。要气护管设设装线备备置敷4高、调动设中电试作技资气高，术料课中并3中试、件资且包卷管中料拒含试路调试绝线验敷试卷动槽方设技作、案技术，管以术来架及避等系免多统不项启必方动要式方高，案中为；资解对料决整试高套卷中启突语动然文过停电程机气中。课高因件中此中资，管料电壁试力薄卷高、电中接气资口设料不备试严进卷等行保问调护题试装，工置合作调理并试利且技用进术管行，线过要敷关求设运电技行力术高保。中护线资装缆料置敷试做设卷到原技准则术确：指灵在导活分。。线对对盒于于处调差，试动当过保不程护同中装电高置压中高回资中路料资交试料叉卷试时技卷，术调应问试采题技用，术金作是属为指隔调发板试电进人机行员一隔，变开需压处要器理在组；事在同前发一掌生线握内槽图部内 纸故，资障强料时电、，回设需路备要须制进同造行时厂外切家部断出电习具源题高高电中中源资资，料料线试试缆卷卷敷试切设验除完报从毕告而，与采要相用进关高行技中检术资查资料和料试检，卷测并主处且要理了保。解护现装场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
英汉翻译教程
一、课程介绍
《英汉翻译教程》是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。 英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英，是一门实践性很强的课程。本课程除简单介绍中外翻 译理论知识外，主要是通过对照阅读，引导应考者研究英汉两种语言的差异，找出英汉互 译的规律，用以指导实践。 本课程与英语专业其他课程相辅相成。它作为一门实践课，有赖于英语专业其他课程 为应考者打下良好的英语基础，使应考者掌握一定的词汇量和语法知识，初步达到阅读英 文原著的水平，并有有定的写作能力，因而具备从事英汉翻译的条件。另一方面，通过大 量的翻译实践和语言对比研究，应考者可以进一步认识英汉两种语言各自的特点。例如， 汉语多重复实词，主谓搭配较松多用并列结构；英语英多用代称，主谓搭配较紧，多用主 从结构，等等。这是本课程的重点。但在翻译时，往往因受原文的影响，从容易忽略在译 中体现上述特点。这也就是本课程难学之处。但通常学习本课程，了解了英汉两种语言各 自的特点，并能在翻译实践中恰当地加以运用，定会提高使用两种语言的能力和翻译水平。 这对于应考者打好英语基础，学好英语专业其他课程，也是有益的。 本课程采取单元教学，共分十个单元。单元中每课有对照阅读和练习，并附有提示和 解说。每单元有一小结，重点说明通过语言对比可以看出的英汉两种语言各自的特点。 二、学习要求
第一单元 故事 1．故事选篇。其特点是：以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。情节具体，
文笔细腻生动。 2.语言对比： （1）代词。英语代词用得多，汉语实词用得多。英语可先出代词，后出实词。汉语则
先出实词，后出代词。
1
对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料电试力卷保相护互装作置用调与试相技互术关，系电，力根通保据过护生管高产线中工敷资艺设料高技试中术卷资，配料不置试仅技卷可术要以是求解指，决机对吊组电顶在气层进设配行备置继进不电行规保空范护载高与中带资负料荷试下卷高问总中题体资，配料而置试且时卷可，调保需控障要试各在验类最；管大对路限设习度备题内进到来行位确调。保整在机使管组其路高在敷中正设资常过料工程试况中卷下，安与要全过加，度强并工看且作护尽下关可都于能可管地以路缩正高小常中故工资障作料高；试中对卷资于连料继接试电管卷保口破护处坏进理范行高围整中，核资或对料者定试对值卷某，弯些审扁异核度常与固高校定中对盒资图位料纸置试，.卷保编工护写况层复进防杂行腐设自跨备动接与处地装理线置，弯高尤曲中其半资要径料避标试免高卷错等调误，试高要方中求案资技，料术编试交写5、卷底重电保。要气护管设设装线备备置敷4高、调动设中电试作技资气高，术料课中并3中试、件资且包卷管中料拒含试路调试绝线验敷试卷动槽方设技作、案技术，管以术来架及避等系免多统不项启必方动要式方高，案中为；资解对料决整试高套卷中启突语动然文过停电程机气中。课高因件中此中资，管料电壁试力薄卷高、电中接气资口设料不备试严进卷等行保问调护题试装，工置合作调理并试利且技用进术管行，线过要敷关求设运电技行力术高保。中护线资装缆料置敷试做设卷到原技准则术确：指灵在导活分。。线对对盒于于处调差，试动当过保不程护同中装电高置压中高回资中路料资交试料叉卷试时技卷，术调应问试采题技用，术金作是属为指隔调发板试电进人机行员一隔，变开需压处要器理在组；事在同前发一掌生线握内槽图部内 纸故，资障强料时电、，回设需路备要须制进同造行时厂外切家部断出电习具源题高高电中中源资资，料料线试试缆卷卷敷试切设验除完报从毕告而，与采要相用进关高行技中检术资查资料和料试检，卷测并主处且要理了保。解护现装场置设。备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。
1. 熟悉英汉两种语言各自的特点； 2. 能将中等难度的英语文章译成汉语，内容准确、内容流畅； 3. 能将比较简易的汉语文章译英语，用词得当，语法平稳。
三、试题类型：
第一题：选择题（30 分）。 80%来自于课本中每单元后的小结，非常重要， 一定要看。 考点：看似简单的句子的翻译、俚语的翻译、翻译常识等。 第二题：短语翻译：英译汉、汉译英。后面我们给的补充材料中，会包括 80%的题。 第三题：改错题：英译汉、汉译英改错。 第四题： 段落翻译 四、课程内容概要：
（1）经济术语。经济领域有大量的专门术语。有些普通词语在经济文章中有特点含义。 经济术语有特殊的用法和搭配。
（2）数字及有关的术语和量词。 3．考核要求：翻译中有处理下列问题的能力： （1）所选经济文章的特点及理解方面的难点 （2）本单元出现的经济术语 （3）数字的译法 第五单元 文化 1．文化文章选篇。其特点是：探讨人生、生与死以及人与人之间的关系。夹叙夹议， 语言生动，文情并茂。 2．语言对比： （1）关联词。英语重形合，关联词用得多。汉语重意合，关联词用得少。 （2）语序。英语强调突出重点，语序灵活。汉语多用并列结构，更多借重于时间顺序 和逻辑顺序。评论与表态的话语，英语多放在句首，汉语多放在句末。 3．考核要求：翻译中有处理下列问题的能力： （1）所选文化文章的特点及理解方面的难点 （2）关联词语 （3）语序 第六单元 文学（1） 1．文学作品选篇。这一部分的特点是：以对话为主，穿插一定量的叙述和心理描写。 对话像对话，易于上口。不同的人在不同场合，说话各有其特点。 2．语言对比： （1）选词。文学作品语言丰富生动，选择词语的余地大。要根据上下文选择最恰当的 词语，特别是动词和形容词。 （2）对话。对话有口语的特点。对话可以体现说话者的身份、心 情以及他对人、对 事的态度。 3．考核要求：翻译中有处理下列问题的能力： （1）所选文学作品的特点及理解方面的难点 （2）选词 （3）对话 第七单元 文学（2） 1．文学作品选篇。这一部分的特点是：以叙述和心理描写为主，穿插一点对话。叙述 包括对自然条件的描述和对事情发生过程的描述。注意连贯性。 2．语言对比： （1）描述的连惯性。通过情节的发展、一连串的动作，或时间状语、地点状语来体现 连惯性。 （2）心理描写。直接描写心理活动，或通过描述动作来刻划人物的心理，或通过对话